Non-selective beta-blockers are not associated with serious infections in veterans with cirrhosis

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Volumn 38, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 407-414

  Bajaj, J S ^a   Ratliff, S M ^a   Heuman, D M ^a   Lapane, K L ^a,b  

^a VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CARVEDILOL; HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; LABETALOL; NADOLOL; PENBUTOLOL; PINDOLOL; PROPRANOLOL; PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR; RIFAXIMIN; SOTALOL; TIMOLOL;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BACTEREMIA; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; DECOMPENSATED LIVER CIRRHOSIS; DISEASE SEVERITY; ESOPHAGUS VARICES BLEEDING; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HAZARD RATIO; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; INFECTION; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; SKIN INFECTION; SOFT TISSUE INFECTION; UNITED STATES; URINARY TRACT INFECTION; VETERAN;

ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; COHORT STUDIES; DATABASES, FACTUAL; FEMALE; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMANS; INFECTION; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MILITARY PERSONNEL; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; RISK FACTORS; UNITED STATES; UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS;

EID: 84880287480     PISSN: 02692813     EISSN: 13652036     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/apt.12382     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Garcia-Tsao G, Lim JK,. Management and treatment of patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension: recommendations from the Department of Veterans Affairs Hepatitis C Resource Center Program and the National Hepatitis C Program. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 104: 1802-29.
2. Minano C, Garcia-Tsao G,. Clinical pharmacology of portal hypertension. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2010; 39: 681-95.
3. de Franchis R,. Revising consensus in portal hypertension: report of the Baveno V consensus workshop on methodology of diagnosis and therapy in portal hypertension. J Hepatol 2010; 53: 762-8.
4. Krag A, Wiest R, Gluud LL,. Reduced mortality with non-selective beta-blockers compared to banding is not related to prevention of bleeding or bleeding related mortality: systematic review of randomized trials. J Hepatol 2011; 54: S72.
5. Groszmann RJ, Garcia-Tsao G, Bosch J, et al,. Beta-blockers to prevent gastroesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 2254-61.
6. Krag A, Wiest R, Albillos A, Gluud LL,. The window hypothesis: haemodynamic and non-haemodynamic effects of beta-blockers improve survival of patients with cirrhosis during a window in the disease. Gut 2012; 61: 967-9.
7. Wong F, Salerno F,. Beta-blockers in cirrhosis: friend and foe? Hepatology 2010; 52: 811-3.
8. Tandon P, Garcia-Tsao G,. Bacterial infections, sepsis, and multiorgan failure in cirrhosis. Semin Liver Dis 2008; 28: 26-42.
9. Gustot T, Durand F, Lebrec D, Vincent JL, Moreau R,. Severe sepsis in cirrhosis. Hepatology 2009; 50: 2022-33.
10. Bajaj JS, O'Leary JG, Reddy KR, et al,. Second infections independently increase mortality in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis: the North American consortium for the study of end-stage liver disease (NACSELD) experience. Hepatology 2013; 56: 2328-35.
11. Arvaniti V, D'Amico G, Fede G, et al,. Infections in patients with cirrhosis increase mortality four-fold and should be used in determining prognosis. Gastroenterology 2010; 139: 1246-56.
12. Bajaj JS, O'Leary JG, Wong F, Reddy KR, Kamath PS,. Bacterial infections in end-stage liver disease: current challenges and future directions. Gut 2012; 61: 1219-25.
13. Perez-Paramo M, Munoz J, Albillos A, et al,. Effect of propranolol on the factors promoting bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats with ascites. Hepatology 2000; 31: 43-8.
14. Reiberger T, Ferlitsch A, Payer BA, et al,. Nonselective betablocker therapy decreases intestinal permeability and serum levels of LBP and IL-6 in patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2012; 58: 911-21.
15. Senzolo M, Cholongitas E, Burra P, et al,. Beta-Blockers protect against spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients: a meta-analysis. Liver Int 2009; 29: 1189-93.
16. Serste T, Melot C, Francoz C, et al,. Deleterious effects of beta-blockers on survival in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites. Hepatology 2010; 52: 1017-22.
17. Galbois A, Das V, Thabut D, et al,. Beta-blockers have no effect on outcomes in patients with cirrhosis and severe infections. Hepatology 2011; 53: 1412-3.
18. Bajaj JS, Ratliff SM, Heuman DM, Lapane KL,. Proton pump inhibitors are associated with a high rate of serious infections in veterans with decompensated cirrhosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012; 36: 866-74.
19. Murphy PA, Cowper DC, Seppala G, Stroupe KT, Hynes DM,. Veterans Health Administration inpatient and outpatient care data: an overview. Eff Clin Pract 2002; 5 (Suppl.): E4.
20. Yu W, Barnett PG, inventors. Reconciliation of DSS Encounter-Level National Data Extracts with the VA National Patient Care Database: Fiscal Year 2001. Menlo Park, CA: Health Economics Resource Center (HERC), 2001.
21. Lo RV, 3rd, Lim JK, et al,. Validity of diagnostic codes and liver-related laboratory abnormalities to identify hepatic decompensation events in the Veterans Aging Cohort Study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2011; 20: 689-99.
22. Nguyen GC, Segev DL, Thuluvath PJ,. Racial disparities in the management of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and complications of portal hypertension: a national study. Hepatology 2007; 45: 1282-9.
23. Smith MW, Joseph GJ,. Pharmacy data in the VA health care system. Med Care Res Rev 2003; 60 (Suppl): 92S-123S.
24. Rosa H, Silverio AO, Perini RF, Arruda CB,. Bacterial infection in cirrhotic patients and its relationship with alcohol. Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95: 1290-3.
25. Bajaj JS, Ananthakrishnan AN, Hafeezullah M, et al,. Clostridium difficile is associated with poor outcomes in patients with cirrhosis: A national and tertiary center perspective. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 105: 106-13.
26. Bajaj JS, Zadvornova Y, Heuman DM, et al,. Association of proton pump inhibitor therapy with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with ascites. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 104: 1130-4.
27. Rubin DT, Sohi S, Glathar M, Thomas T, Yadron N, Surma BL,. Rifaximin is effective for the treatment of clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: results of an Open-Label Pilot Study. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2011; 2011: 106978.
28. Vlachogiannakos J, Viazis N, Vasianopoulou P, Vafiadis I, Karamanolis DG, Ladas SD,. Long-term administration of rifaximin improves the prognosis of patients with decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 28: 450-5.
29. Romano PS, Roos LL, Jollis JG,. Adapting a clinical comorbidity index for use with ICD-9-CM administrative data: differing perspectives. J Clin Epidemiol 1993; 46: 1075-9.
30. Rosenbaum PR, Rubin DB,. The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika 1983; 70: 41-55.
31. Rubin DB,. Estimating causal effects from large data sets using propensity scores. Ann Intern Med 1997; 127: 757-63.
32. Parsons LS,. Reducing bias in a propensity score matched-pair sample using greedy matching techniques (paper 214-26). In: SUGI 26 Proceedings. Proceedings of the 26th annual SAS Users Group International conference, Long Beach, California, April 22-25, 2001. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, Inc, 2001. Available at: http://www2.sas.com/proceedings/sugi26/p214-26.pdf.
33. Nunes AP, Lapane KL, Weinstock MA,. Association between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and keratinocyte carcinomas of the skin among participants in the Veterans Affairs Topical Tretinoin Chemoprevention Trial. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2011; 20: 922-9.
34. Olson JC, Wendon JA, Kramer DJ, et al,. Intensive care of the patient with cirrhosis. Hepatology 2011; 54: 1864-72.
35. Fernandez J, Acevedo J, Castro M, et al,. Prevalence and risk factors of infections by multiresistant bacteria in cirrhosis: a prospective study. Hepatology 2012; 55: 1551-61.
36. Northup PG, Henry ZH,. Editorial: Beta-blockers and the prevention of decompensation in cirrhosis: worth the trouble. Am J Gastroenterol 2012; 107: 428-30. Diseases