Kung Fu training improves physical fitness measures in overweight/obese adolescents: The "martial fitness" study

Journal of Obesity

Volumn 2010, Issue , 2010, Pages

  Tsang, Tracey W ^a,b   Kohn, Michael R ^c   Chow, Chin Moi ^a   Fiatarone Singh, Maria Antoinette ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^c CHILDREN S HOSPITAL AT WESTMEAD   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84879830629     PISSN: 20900708     EISSN: 20900716     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2010/672751     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Swallen K. C., Reither E. N., Haas S. A., Meier A. M., Overweight, obesity, and health-related quality of life among adolescents: the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Pediatrics 2005 115 2 340 347 10.1542/peds.2004-0678 2-s2.0-17844406416 (Pubitemid 43193816)
2. Pender J. R., Pories W. J., Epidemiology of obesity in the United States. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 2005 34 1 1 7 10.1016/j.gtc.2004.12. 010 2-s2.0-16844364898 (Pubitemid 40488727)
3. Zanconato S., Baraldi E., Santuz P., Gas exchange during exercise in obese children. European Journal of Pediatrics 1989 148 7 614 617 2-s2.0-0024547587
4. Reybrouck T., Mertens L., Schepers D., Vinckx J., Gewillig M., Assessment of cardiorespiratory exercise function in obese children and adolescents by body mass-independent parameters. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology 1997 75 6 478 483 10.1007/s004210050192 2-s2.0-0030957086 (Pubitemid 27280960)
5. Zoico E., Di Francesco V., Guralnik J. M., Physical disability and muscular strength in relation to obesity and different body composition indexes in a sample of healthy elderly women. International Journal of Obesity & Related Metabolic Disorders 2004 28 2 234 241 2-s2.0-1242284372 (Pubitemid 38223504)
6. Grund A., Dilba B., Forberger K., Relationships between physical activity, physical fitness, muscle strength and nutritional state in 5- to 11-year-old children. European Journal of Applied Physiology 2000 82 5-6 425 438 2-s2.0-0033898908 (Pubitemid 30642641)
7. Nassis G. P., Psarra G., Sidossis L. S., Central and total adiposity are lower in overweight and obese children with high cardiorespiratory fitness. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2005 59 1 137 141 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602061 2-s2.0-12144261963 (Pubitemid 40104088)
8. Ortega F. B., ortegaf@ugr.es Ruiz J. R., Castillo M. J., Sjostrom M., Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence: a powerful marker of health. International Journal of Obesity 2008 32 1 1 11 2-s2.0-33750063493 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803774
9. Wearing S. C., Hennig E. M., Byrne N. M., Steele J. R., Hills A. P., The impact of childhood obesity on musculoskeletal form. Obesity Reviews 2006 7 2 209 218 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2006.00216.x 2-s2.0-33645990643
10. Alley D. E., Chang V. W., The changing relationship of obesity and disability, 1988-2004. Journal of the American Medical Association 2007 298 17 2020 2027 10.1001/jama.298.17.2020 2-s2.0-35848964571 (Pubitemid 350074799)
11. James W. P. T., The epidemiology of obesity: the size of the problem. Journal of Internal Medicine 2008 263 4 336 352 2-s2.0-33645888693 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2008.01922.x (Pubitemid 351342683)
12. Pate R. R., Wang C.-Y., Dowda M., Farrell S. W., O'Neill J. R., Cardiorespiratory fitness levels among US youth 12 to 19 years of age: findings from the 1999-2002 national health and nutrition examination survey. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2006 160 10 1005 1012 10.1001/archpedi.160. 10.1005 2-s2.0-33749454138 (Pubitemid 44520629)
13. Jurca R., Lamonte M. J., Church T. S., Associations of muscle strength and aerobic fitness with metabolic syndrome in men. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2004 36 8 1301 1307 10.1249/01.MSS.0000135780.88930.A9 2-s2.0-3543023277 (Pubitemid 39014812)
14. Benson A. C., Torode M. E., Fiatarone Singh M. A., Muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with higher insulin sensitivity in children and adolescents. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity 2006 1 4 222 231 2-s2.0-34249051618 10.1080/17477160600962864
15. Gutin B., Cucuzzo N., Islam S., Smith C., Moffatt R., Pargman D., Physical training improves body composition of black obese 7- to 11-year-old girls. Obesity Research 1995 3 4 305 312 2-s2.0-0029330304
16. Owens S., Gutin B., Allison J., Effect of physical training on total and visceral fat in obese children. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 1999 31 1 143 148 10.1097/00005768-199901000-00022 2-s2.0-0032902343 (Pubitemid 29036371)
17. Blomquist B., Borjeson M., Larsson Y., Persson B., Sterky G., The effect of physical activity on the body measurements and work capacity of overweight boys. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica 1965 54 6 566 572 2-s2.0-0005935523
18. Gutin B., Barbeau P., Owens S., Effects of exercise intensity on cardiovascular fitness, total body composition, and visceral adiposity of obese adolescents. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2002 75 5 818 826 2-s2.0-0036231284 (Pubitemid 34441249)
19. Emes C., Velde B., Moreau M., Murdoch D. D., Trussell R., An activity based weight control program. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 1990 7 4 314 324 2-s2.0-0024990419 (Pubitemid 20354585)
20. Falk B., Sadres E., Constantini N., Zigel L., Lidor R., Eliakim A., The association between adiposity and the response to resistance training among pre- and early-pubertal boys. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 2002 15 5 597 606 2-s2.0-0036013253 (Pubitemid 34704818)
21. Benson A. C., Torode M. E., Fiatarone Singh M. A., The effect of high-intensity progressive resistance training on adiposity in children: a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Obesity 2008 32 6 1016 1027 10.1038/ijo.2008.5 2-s2.0-47249097047 (Pubitemid 351986231)
22. Watts K., Beye P., Siafarikas A., Exercise training normalizes vascular dysfunction and improves central adiposity in obese adolescents. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2004 43 10 1823 1827 10.1016/j.jacc.2004.01.032 2-s2.0-2342664831 (Pubitemid 38622522)
23. Treuth M. S., Hunter G. R., Figueroa-Colon R., Goran M. I., Effects of strength training on intraabdominal adipose tissue in obese prepubertal girls. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 1998 30 12 1738 1743 10.1097/00005768-199812000-00013 2-s2.0-0032406891 (Pubitemid 29010999)
24. Australian Bureau of Statistics, Children's participation in cultural and leisure activities. August 2008, http://www.googlesyndicatedsearch.com/u/ AustralianBureauOfStatistics?q=martial+art&domains=abs.gov. au&sitesearch=abs.gov.au
25. Jones M. A., Unnithan V. B., The cardiovascular responses of male subjects to kung fu techniques. Expert/novice paradigm. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 1998 38 4 323 329 2-s2.0-0032414734 (Pubitemid 29056481)
26. Schneider D., Leung R., Metabolic and cardiorespiratory responses to the performance of Wing Chun and T'ai Chi Chuan exercise. International Journal of Sports Medicine 1991 12 3 319 323 2-s2.0-0025811121
27. Ribeiro J. L., De Castro B. O. S. D., Rosa C. S., Baptista R. R., Oliveira A. R., Heart rate and blood lactate responses to Changquan and Daoshu forms of modern Wushu. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 2006 1 4
28. O'Donovan O., Cheung J., Catley M., McGregor A. H., Strutton P. H., An investigation of leg and trunk strength and reaction times of hard-style martial arts practitioners. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 2006 5 12
29. Neto O. P., Magini M., Saba M. M. F., Pacheco M. T. T., Comparison of force, power, and striking efficiency for a Kung Fu strike performed by novice and experienced practitioners: preliminary analysis. Perceptual and Motor Skills 2008 106 1 188 196 10.2466/PMS.106.1.188-196 2-s2.0-41849085503
30. Neto O. P., Magini M., Saba M. M. F., The role of effective mass and hand speed in the performance of kung fu athletes compared with nonpractitioners. Journal of Applied Biomechanics 2007 23 2 139 148 2-s2.0-34547461780 (Pubitemid 47173934)
31. Cole T. J., Bellizzi M. C., Flegal K. M., Dietz W. H., Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. British Medical Journal 2000 320 7244 1240 1243 2-s2.0-0034611996 (Pubitemid 30240471)
32. Faulkner R. A., Docherty D., Maturation. Measurement in Pediatric Exercise Science 1996 Windsor, Canada Human Kinetics 129 158
33. Tanner J. M., Growth and maturation during adolescence. Nutrition Reviews 1981 39 2 43 55 2-s2.0-0019531456
34. Tsang T. W., Kohn M., Chow C. M., Fiatarone Singh M. A., Kung Fu training improves physical activity enjoyment in overweight/obese adolescents in a randomized, sham-exercise controlled trial: the "Martial Fitness" study. Research in Sports Medicine. In press
35. Bar-Or O., Skinner J. S., Importance of differences between children and adults for exercise testing and exercise prescription. Exercise Testing and Exercise Prescription-for Special Cases 1993 2nd Malvern, Pa, USA Lea & Febiger 57 74
36. Franklin B., ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription 2008 6th Baltimore, Md, USA Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
37. Allen D. B., Nemeth B. A., Clark R. R., Peterson S. E., Eickhoff J., Carrel A. L., Fitness is a stronger predictor of fasting insulin levels than fatness in overweight male middle-school children. Journal of Pediatrics 2007 150 4 383 387 10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.12.051 2-s2.0-33947247491 (Pubitemid 46428305)
38. Beaver W. L., Wasserman K., Whipp B. J., A new method for detecting anaerobic threshold by gas exchange. Journal of Applied Physiology 1986 60 6 2020 2027 2-s2.0-0022542458 (Pubitemid 16066969)
39. Baba R., Nagashima M., Goto M., Oxygen uptake efficiency slope: a new index of cardiorespiratory functional reserve derived from the relation between oxygen uptake and minute ventilation during incremental exercise. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 1996 28 6 1567 1572 10.1016/S0735-1097(96)00412- 3 2-s2.0-0030588919 (Pubitemid 26391865)
40. Faigenbaum A. D., Westcott W. L., Loud R. L., Long C., The effects of different resistance training protocols on muscular strength and endurance development in children. Pediatrics 1999 104 1, article e5
41. Tsang T. W., ttsa6920@mail.usyd.edu.au Kohn M., michaek2@chw.edu.au Chow C. M., c.chow@usyd.edu.au Fiatarone Singh M. A., m.singh@usyd.edu.au A randomised placebo-exercise controlled trial of Kung Fu training for improvements in body composition in overweight/obese adolescents: the "Martial Fitness" study. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 2009 8 1 97 106 2-s2.0-0024547587
42. Tsang T. W., Briody J., Kohn M., Chin M. C., Fiatarone Singh M. A., Abdominal fat assessment in adolescents using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 2009 22 9 781 794 2-s2.0-70350266601
43. Ward D. S., Bar-Or O., Use of the Borg scale in exercise prescription for overweight youth. Canadian Journal of Sport Sciences 1990 15 2 120 125 2-s2.0-0025442378
44. Prochaska J. J., Sallis J. F., Long B., A physical activity screening measure for use with adolescents in primary care. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2001 155 5 554 559 2-s2.0-0033913251 (Pubitemid 32405778)
45. Dallal G. E., Randomization.com. http://www.randomization.com/
46. Tsang T. W., Kohn M., Chow C. M., Fiatarone Singh M. A., A randomised placebo-exercise controlled trial of Kung Fu training for improvements in body composition in overweight/obese adolescents: the "Martial Fitness" study. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 2009 22 7 595 607
47. Tsang T. W. M., Kohn M., Chow C. M., Singh M. A., Health benefits of Kung Fu: a systematic review. Journal of Sports Sciences 2008 26 12 1249 1267 2-s2.0-12344316982 10.1080/02640410802155146
48. Hedges L. V., Olkin I., Statistical Methods for Meta-Analysis 1985 Orlando, Fla, USA Academic Press
49. Cohen J., Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences 1988 2nd Hillsdale, NJ, USA Lawrence Earlbaum Associates
50. Gutin B., Owens S., Slavens G., Riggs S., Treiber F., Effect of physical training on heart-period variability in obese children. Journal of Pediatrics 1997 130 6 938 943 10.1016/S0022-3476(97)70280-4 2-s2.0-0030697911 (Pubitemid 27495122)
51. Drinkard B., Roberts M. D., Ranzenhofer L. M., Oxygen-uptake efficiency slope as a determinant of fitness in overweight adolescents. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2007 39 10 1811 1816 10.1249/mss.0b013e31812e52b3 2-s2.0-34848832966 (Pubitemid 47511489)
52. Hollenberg M., Tager I. B., Oxygen uptake efficiency slope: an index of exercise performance and cardiopulmonary reserve requiring only submaximal exercise. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2000 36 1 194 201 10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00691-4 2-s2.0-0033926548 (Pubitemid 30466133)
53. Paridon S. M., Alpert B. S., Boas S. R., Clinical stress testing in the pediatric age group: a statement from the American Heart Association Council on cardiovascular disease in the young, Committee on atherosclerosis, hypertension, and obesity in youth. Circulation 2006 113 1905 1920 (Pubitemid 43739402)
54. Janz K. F., Dawson J. D., Mahoney L. T., Increases in physical fitness during childhood improve cardiovascular health during adolescence: the Muscatine Study. International Journal of Sports Medicine 2002 23 supplement 1 S15 S21 (Pubitemid 34564441)
55. Phillips W. T., Batterham A. M., Valenzuela J. E., Burkett L. N., Reliability of maximal strength testing in older adults. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2004 85 2 329 334 10.1016/j.apmr.2003.05.010 2-s2.0-0842321066 (Pubitemid 38182581)
56. Schroeder E. T., Wang Y., Castaneda-Sceppa C., Reliability of maximal voluntary muscle strength and power testing in older men. Journals of Gerontology. Series A 2007 62 5 543 549 2-s2.0-34447506566 (Pubitemid 47065694)
57. Neto O. P., Magini M., Pacheco M. T. T., Electromyographic study of a sequence of Yau-Man Kung Fu palm strikes with and without impact. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 2007 6 23 27
58. Lindh M., Increase of muscle strength from isometric quadriceps exercises at different knee angles. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 1979 11 1 33 36 2-s2.0-0018344503 (Pubitemid 9130279)
59. Lichtman S. W., Pisarska K., Berman E. R., Discrepancy between self-reported and actual caloric intake and exercise in obese subjects. The New England Journal of Medicine 1992 327 27 1893 1898 2-s2.0-0027092653 (Pubitemid 23006963)
60. Orr R., Tsang T., Lam P., Comino E., Fiatarone Singh M. A., Mobility impairment in type 2 diabetes: association with muscle power and effect of Tai Chi intervention. Diabetes Care 2006 29 9 2120 2122 10.2337/dc06-1130 2-s2.0-33845324533 (Pubitemid 44871198)
61. Fielding R. A., LeBrasseur N. K., Cuoco A., Bean J., Mizer K., Fiatarone Singh M. A., High-velocity resistance training increases skeletal muscle peak power in older women. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2002 50 4 655 662 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50159.x 2-s2.0-0036213911 (Pubitemid 34298752)
62. Seidell J. C., Obesity: a growing problem. Acta Paediatrica 1999 88 supplement 428 46 50 2-s2.0-0032978665 (Pubitemid 29108403)
63. Metter E. J., Conwit R., Tobin J., Fozard J. L., Age-associated loss of power and strength in the upper extremities in women and men. Journals of Gerontology. Series A 1997 52 5 B267 B276 2-s2.0-0030767757 (Pubitemid 27413624)
64. Anton M. M., Spirduso W. W., Tanaka H., Age-related declines in anaerobic muscular performance: weightlifting and powerlifting. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2004 36 1 143 147 2-s2.0-0347128554 (Pubitemid 38090566)
65. Bautmans I., Njemini R., Predom H., Lemper J.-C., Mets T., Muscle endurance in elderly nursing home residents is related to fatigue perception, mobility, and circulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and heat shock protein 70. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2008 56 3 389 396 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01571.x 2-s2.0-40149083730 (Pubitemid 351327923)
66. Tsang T., Orr R., Lam P., Comino E., Fiatarone Singh M. A., Health benefits of Tai Chi for older patients with type 2 diabetes: the "Move It for Diabetes" study-a randomized controlled trial. Clinical Interventions in Aging 2007 2 3 429 439
67. Tsang T., Orr R., Lam P., Comino E., Fiatarone Singh M. A., Effects of Tai Chi on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in older adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized double-blind sham-exercise-controlled trial. Age and Ageing 2007 97 1 64 71 10.1093/ageing/afm127 (Pubitemid 351146978)
68. Brooks N., Layne J. E., Gordon P. L., Roubenoff R., Nelson M. E., Castaneda-Sceppa C., Strength training improves muscle quality and insulin sensitivity in Hispanic older adults with type 2 diabetes. International Journal of Medical Sciences 2007 4 1 19 27 2-s2.0-33846037400 (Pubitemid 46066235)
69. Ruiz J. R., Ortega F. B., Warnberg J., Inflammatory proteins and muscle strength in adolescents: the AVENA study. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2008 162 5 462 468 10.1001/archpedi.162.5.462 2-s2.0-43049124850 (Pubitemid 351656562)
70. DuRant R. H., Baranowski T., Rhodes T., Association among serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations and physical activity, physical fitness, and body composition in young children. Journal of Pediatrics 1993 123 2 185 192 2-s2.0-0027327339 (Pubitemid 23221096)
71. Gutin B., Yin Z., Humphries M. C., Hoffman W. H., Gower B., Barbeau P., Relations of fatness and fitness to fasting insulin in black and white adolescents. Journal of Pediatrics 2004 145 6 737 743 10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.07. 016 2-s2.0-9744256269 (Pubitemid 39586609)
72. Imperatore G., Cheng Y. J., Williams D. E., Fulton J., Gregg E. W., Physical activity, cardiovascular fitness, and insulin sensitivity among U.S. adolescents: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2002. Diabetes Care 2006 29 7 1567 1572 10.2337/dc06-0426 2-s2.0-33746438151 (Pubitemid 44127582)