Cosmological magnetic fields: Their generation, evolution and observation

Astronomy and Astrophysics Review

Volumn 21, Issue 1, 2013, Pages

  Durrer, Ruth ^a   Neronov, Andrii ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GENEVA   (Switzerland)

^b UNIVERSITÉ DE GENÈVE   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Cosmic microwave background; Cosmology; Early Universe; Gamma rays; Magnetic fields

Indexed keywords

CORRELATION LENGTHS; COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUNDS; COSMOLOGICAL MAGNETIC FIELDS; EARLY UNIVERSE; GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY; INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTHS; ULTRA HIGH-ENERGY COSMIC RAYS;

GAMMA RAYS; MAGNETIC FIELDS;

COSMOLOGY;

EID: 84879359022     PISSN: 09354956     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00159-013-0062-7     Document Type: Review

References (310)

1. Abbasi RU, Abu-Zayyad T, Archbold G, Atkins R, Bellido J, Belov K, Belz JW, BenZvi S, Bergman DR, Boyer J, Burt GW, Cao Z, Clay R, Connolly BM, Dawson B, Deng W, Fedorova Y, Findlay J, Finley CB, Hanlon WF, Hughes GA, Huntemeyer P, Jui CCH, Kim K, Kirn MA, Knapp B, Loh EC, Maetas MM, Martens K, Martin G, Manago N, Mannel EJ, Matthews JAJ, Matthews JN, O'Neill A, Perera L, Reil K, Riehle R, Roberts MD, Sasaki M, Seman M, Schnetzer SR, Simpson K, Smith JD, Snow R, Sokolsky P, Song C, Springer RW, Stokes BT, Thomas JR, Thomas SB, Thomson GB, Westerhoff S, Wiencke LR, Zech A (High Resolution Fly's Eye Collaboration) (2005) A study of the composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays using the high-resolution fly's eye. Astrophys J 622:910-926. doi: 10.1086/427931. arXiv:astro-ph/0407622
2. Abbasi RU, Abu-Zayyad T, Allen M, Amman JF, Archbold G, Belov K, Belz JW, Benzvi SY, Bergman DR, Blake SA, Boyer JH, Brusova OA, Burt GW, Cannon C, Cao Z, Deng W, Fedorova Y, Findlay J, Finley CB, Gray RC, Hanlon WF, Hoffman CM, Holzscheiter MH, Hughes G, Hüntemeyer P, Ivanov D, Jones BF, Jui CCH, Kim K, Kirn MA, Knapp BC, Loh EC, Maestas MM, Manago N, Mannel EJ, Marek LJ, Martens K, Matthews JN, Moore SA, O'Neill A, Painter CA, Perera L, Reil K, Riehle R, Roberts MD, Rodriguez D, Sasaki N, Schnetzer SR, Scott LM, Seman M, Sinnis G, Smith JD, Snow R, Sokolsky P, Song C, Springer RW, Stokes BT, Stratton SR, Thomas JR, Thomas SB, Thomson GB, Tupa D, Wiencke LR, Zech A, Zhang X (High Resolution Fly's Eye Collaboration) (2008a) Search for correlations between HiRes stereo events and active galactic nuclei. Astropart Phys 30:175-179. 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2008.08.004
3. Abbasi RU, Abu-Zayyad T, Allen M, Amman JF, Archbold G, Belov K, Belz JW, Ben Zvi SY, Bergman DR, Blake SA, Brusova OA, Burt GW, Cannon C, Cao Z, Connolly BC, Deng W, Fedorova Y, Finley CB, Gray RC, Hanlon WF, Hoffman CM, Holzscheiter MH, Hughes G, Hüntemeyer P, Jones BF, Jui CCH, Kim K, Kirn MA, Loh EC, Maestas MM, Manago N, Marek LJ, Martens K, Matthews JAJ, Matthews JN, Moore SA, O'Neill A, Painter CA, Perera L, Reil K, Riehle R, Roberts M, Rodriguez D, Sasaki N, Schnetzer SR, Scott LM, Sinnis G, Smith JD, Sokolsky P, Song C, Springer RW, Stokes BT, Thomas SB, Thomas JR, Thomson GB, Tupa D, Westerhoff S, Wiencke LR, Zhang X, Zech A (2008b) First observation of the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin suppression. Phys Rev Lett 100(10):101101. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.101101. arXiv:astro-ph/0703099
4. Abbasi RU, Abu-Zayyad T, Al-Seady M, Allen M, Amman JF, Anderson RJ, Archbold G, Belov K, Belz JW, Bergman DR, Blake SA, Brusova OA, Burt GW, Cannon C, Cao Z, Deng W, Fedorova Y, Finley CB, Gray RC, Hanlon WF, Hoffman CM, Holzscheiter MH, Hughes G, Hüntemeyer P, Jones BF, Jui CCH, Kim K, Kirn MA, Loh EC, Liu J, Lundquist JP, Maestas MM, Manago N, Marek LJ, Martens K, Matthews JAJ, Matthews JN, Moore SA, O'Neill A, Painter CA, Perera L, Reil K, Riehle R, Roberts M, Rodriguez D, Sasaki N, Schnetzer SR, Scott LM, Sinnis G, Smith JD, Sokolsky P, Song C, Springer RW, Stokes BT, Stratton S, Thomas SB, Thomas JR, Thomson GB, Tupa D, Zech A, Zhang X (2010a) Indications of proton-dominated cosmic-ray composition above 1.6 EeV. Phys Rev Lett 104(16):161101. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.161101. arXiv:0910.4184
5. Abbasi RU, Abu-Zayyad T, Allen M, Amann JF, Archbold G, Belov K, Belz JW, Bergman DR, Blake SA, Brusova OA, Burt GW, Cannon C, Cao Z, Deng W, Fedorova Y, Findlay J, Finley CB, Gray RC, Hanlon WF, Hoffman CM, Holzscheiter MH, Hughes G, Hüntemeyer P, Ivanov D, Jones BF, Jui CCH, Kim K, Kirn MA, Koers H, Loh EC, Maestas MM, Manago N, Marek LJ, Martens K, Matthews JAJ, Matthews JN, Moore SA, O'Neill A, Painter CA, Perera L, Reil K, Riehle R, Roberts MD, Rodriguez D, Sasaki M, Schnetzer SR, Scott LM, Sinnis G, Smith JD, Sokolsky P, Song C, Springer RW, Stokes BT, Stratton SR, Thomas JR, Thomas SB, Thomson GB, Tinyakov P, Tupa D, Wiencke LR, Zech A, Zhang X (High Resolution Fly's Eye Collaboration) (2010b) Analysis of large-scale anisotropy of ultra-high energy cosmic rays in HiRes data. Astrophys J Lett 713:L64-L68. doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/713/1/L64. arXiv:1002.1444
6. Abdo AA, Allen B, Berley D, Casanova S, Chen C, Coyne DG, Dingus BL, Ellsworth RW, Fleysher L, Fleysher R, Gonzalez MM, Goodman JA, Hays E, Hoffman CM, Hopper B, Hüntemeyer PH, Kolterman BE, Lansdell CP, Linnemann JT, McEnery JE, Mincer AI, Nemethy P, Noyes D, Ryan JM, Saz Parkinson PM, Shoup A, Sinnis G, Smith AJ, Sullivan GW, Vasileiou V, Walker GP, Williams DA, Xu XW, Yodh GB (2007) TeV gamma-ray sources from a survey of the galactic plane with milagro. Astrophys J Lett 664:L91-L94. doi: 10.1086/520717. arXiv:0705.0707
7. Abraham J, Abreu P, Aglietta M, Aguirre C, Allard D, Allekotte I, Allen J, Allison P, Alvarez C et al. (Pierre Auger Collaboration) (2007) Correlation of the highest-energy cosmic rays with nearby extragalactic objects. Science 318:938. doi: 10.1126/science.1151124. arXiv:0711.2256
8. Abraham J, Abreu P, Aglietta M, Aguirre C, Allard D, Allekotte I, Allen J, Allison P, Alvarez-Muñiz J et al. (Pierre Auger Collaboration) (2008a) Correlation of the highest-energy cosmic rays with the positions of nearby active galactic nuclei. Astropart Phys 29:188. doi: 10.1016/j.astropartphys. 2008.01.002. arXiv:0712.2843
9. 19 eV. Phys Rev Lett 101(6):061101. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.061101. arXiv:0806.4302
10. 18 eV. Phys Rev Lett 104(9):091101. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.091101. arXiv:1002.0699
11. Abramowitz M, Stegun IA (1972) Handbook of mathematical functions. Dover, New York
12. Abramowski A, Acero F, Aharonian F, Akhperjanian AG, Anton G, Balenderan S, Balzer A, Barnacka A, Becherini Y, Becker Tjus J, Bernlöhr K, Birsin E, Biteau J, Bochow A, Boisson C, Bolmont J, Bordas P, Brucker J, Brun F, Brun P, Bulik T, Carrigan S, Casanova S, Cerruti M, Chadwick PM, Charbonnier A, Chaves RCG, Cheesebrough A, Cologna G, Conrad J, Couturier C, Dalton M, Daniel MK, Davids ID, Degrange B, Deil C, deWilt P, Dickinson HJ, Djannati-Ataï A, Domainko W, O'C Drury L, Dubus G, Dutson K, Dyks J, Dyrda M, Egberts K, Eger P, Espigat P, Fallon L, Farnier C, Fegan S, Feinstein F, Fernandes MV, Fernandez D, Fiasson A, Fontaine G, Förster A, Füßling M, Gajdus M, Gallant YA, Garrigoux T, Gast H, Giebels B, Glicenstein JF, Glück B, Göring D, Grondin MH, Häffner S, Hague JD, Hahn J, Hampf D, Harris J, Heinz S, Heinzelmann G, Henri G, Hermann G, Hillert A, Hinton JA, Hofmann W, Hofverberg P, Holler M, Horns D, Jacholkowska A, Jahn C, Jamrozy M, Jung I, Kastendieck MA, Katarzyński K, Katz U, Kaufmann S, Khélifi B, Klochkov D, KluÅniak W, Kneiske T, Komin N, Kosack K, Kossakowski R, Krayzel F, Laffon H, Lamanna G, Lenain JP, Lennarz D, Lohse T, Lopatin A, Lu CC, Marandon V, Marcowith A, Masbou J, Maurin G, Maxted N, Mayer M, McComb TJL, Medina MC, Méhault J, Menzler U, Moderski R, Mohamed M, Moulin E, Naumann CL, Naumann-Godo M, de Naurois M, Nedbal D, Nguyen N, Niemiec J, Nolan SJ, Ohm S, de Oña Wilhelmi E, Opitz B, Ostrowski M, Oya I, Panter M, Parsons D, Paz Arribas M, Pekeur NW, Pelletier G, Perez J, Petrucci PO, Peyaud B, Pita S, Pühlhofer G, Punch M, Quirrenbach A, Raue M, Reimer A, Reimer O, Renaud M, de los Reyes R, Rieger F, Ripken J, Rob L, Rosier-Lees S, Rowell G, Rudak B, Rulten CB, Sahakian V, Sanchez DA, Santangelo A, Schlickeiser R, Schulz A, Schwanke U, Schwarzburg S, Schwemmer S, Sheidaei F, Skilton JL, Sol H, Spengler G, Stawarz Ł, Steenkamp R, Stegmann C, Stinzing F, Stycz K, Sushch I, Szostek A, Tavernet JP, Terrier R, Tluczykont M, Valerius K, van Eldik C, Vasileiadis G, Venter C, Viana A, Vincent P, Völk HJ, Volpe F, Vorobiov S, Vorster M, Wagner SJ, Ward M, White R, Wierzcholska A, Wouters D, Zacharias M, Zajczyk A, Zdziarski AA, Zech A, Zechlin HS (HESS Collaboration) (2012a) Measurement of the extragalactic background light imprint on the spectra of the brightest blazars observed with HESS arXiv:1212.3409
13. Abramowski A, Acero F, Aharonian F, Akhperjanian AG, Anton G, Balzer A, Barnacka A, Barres de Almeida U, Becherini Y, Becker J, Behera B, Bernloehr K, Birsin E, Biteau J, Bochow A, Boisson C, Bolmont J, Bordas P, Brucker J, Brun F, Brun P, Bulik T, Buesching I, Carrigan S, Casanova S, Cerruti M, Chadwick PM, Charbonnier A, Chaves RCG, Cheesebrough A, Chounet LM, Clapson AC, Coignet G, Cologna G, Conrad J, Dalton M, Daniel MK, Davids ID, Degrange B, Deil C, Dickinson HJ, Djannati-Ataie A, Domainko W, Drury LO, Dubois F, Dubus G, Dutson K, Dyks J, Dyrda M, Egberts K, Eger P, Espigat P, Fallon L, Farnier C, Feinstein F, Fernandes MV, Fiasson A, Fontaine G, Foerster A, Fuesling M, Gallant YA, Gast H, Gerard L, Gerbig D, Giebels B, Glicenstein JF, Glueck B, Goret P, Goering D, Haeffner S, Hague JD, Hampf D, Hauser M, Heinz S, Heinzelmann G, Henri G, Hermann G, Hinton JA, Hoffmann A, Hofmann W, Hofverberg P, Holler M, Horns D, Jacholkowska A, de Jager OC, Jahn C, Jamrozy M, Jung I, Kastendieck MA, Katarzynski K, Katz U, Kaufmann S, Keogh D, Khangulyan D, Khelifi B, Klochkov D, Kluzniak W, Kneiske T, Komin N, Kosack K, Kossakowski R, Laffon H, Lamanna G, Lennarz D, Lohse T, Lopatin A, Lu CC, Marandon V, Marcowith A, Masbou J, Maurin D, Maxted N, Mayer M, McComb TJL, Medina MC, Mehault J, Moderski R, Moulin E, Naumann CL, Naumann-Godo M, de Naurois M, Nedbal D, Nekrassov D, Nguyen N, Nicholas B, Niemiec J, Nolan SJ, Ohm S, de Ona Wilhelmi E, Opitz B, Ostrowski M, Oya I, Panter M, Paz Arribas M, Pedaletti G, Pelletier G, Petrucci PO, Pita S, Puehlhofer G, Punch M, Quirrenbach A, Raue M, Rayner SM, Reimer A, Reimer O, Renaud M, de Los Reyes R, Rieger F, Ripken J, Rob L, Rosier-Lees S, Rowell G, Rudak B, Rulten CB, Ruppel J, Sahakian V, Sanchez DA, Santangelo A, Schlickeiser R, Schoeck FM, Schulz A, Schwanke U, Schwarzburg S, Schwemmer S, Sheidaei F, Sikora M, Skilton JL, Sol H, Spengler G, Stawarz L, Steenkamp R, Stegmann C, Stinzing F, Stycz K, Sushch I, Szostek A, Tavernet JP, Terrier R, Tluczykont M, Valerius K, van Eldik C, Vasileiadis G, Venter C, Vialle JP, Viana A, Vincent P, Voelk HJ, Volpe F, Vorobiov S, Vorster M, Wagner SJ, Ward M, White R, Wierzcholska A, Zacharias M, Zajczyk A, Zdziarski AA, Zech A, Zechlin HSL, Costamante L, Fegan S, Ajello M (HESS Collaboration) (2012b) Discovery of hard-spectrum γ-ray emission from the BL Lacertae object 1ES 0414+009. Astron Astrophys 538:A103. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201118406. arXiv:1201.2044
14. Abreu P, Aglietta M, Ahn EJ, Allard D, Allekotte I, Allen J, Alvarez Castillo J, Alvarez-Muñiz J, Ambrosio M et al (The Pierre Auger Collaboration) (2010) Update on the correlation of the highest energy cosmic rays with nearby extragalactic matter. arXiv:1009.1855
15. Abu-Zayyad T, Aida R, Allen M, Anderson R, Azuma R, Barcikowski E, Belz JW, Bergman DR, Blake SA, Cady R, Cheon BG, Chiba J, Chikawa M, Cho EJ, Cho WR, Fujii H, Fujii T, Fukuda T, Fukushima M, Hanlon W, Hayashi K, Hayashi Y, Hayashida N, Hibino K, Hiyama K, Honda K, Iguchi T, Ikeda D, Ikuta K, Inoue N, Ishii T, Ishimori R, Ivanov D, Iwamoto S, Jui CCH, Kadota K, Kakimoto F, Kalashev O, Kanbe T, Kasahara K, Kawai H, Kawakami S, Kawana S, Kido E, Kim HB, Kim HK, Kim JH, Kim JH, Kitamoto K, Kitamura S, Kitamura Y, Kobayashi K, Kobayashi Y, Kondo Y, Kuramoto K, Kuzmin V, Kwon YJ, Lim SI, Machida S, Martens K, Martineau J, Matsuda T, Matsuura T, Matsuyama T, Matthews JN, Minamino M, Miyata K, Murano Y, Myers I, Nagasawa K, Nagataki S, Nakamura T, Nam SW, Nonaka T, Ogio S, Ohnishi M, Ohoka H, Oki K, Oku D, Okuda T, Oshima A, Ozawa S, Park IH, Pshirkov MS, Rodriguez DC, Roh SY, Rubtsov G, Ryu D, Sagawa H, Sakurai N, Sampson AL, Scott LM, Shah PD, Shibata F, Shibata T, Shimodaira H, Shin BK, Shin JI, Shirahama T, Smith JD, Sokolsky P, Sonley TJ, Springer RW, Stokes BT, Stratton SR, Stroman T, Suzuki S, Takahashi Y, Takeda M, Taketa A, Takita M, Tameda Y, Tanaka H, Tanaka K, Tanaka M, Thomas SB, Thomson GB, Tinyakov P, Tkachev I, Tokuno H, Tomida T, Troitsky S, Tsunesada Y, Tsutsumi K, Tsuyuguchi Y, Uchihori Y, Udo S, Ukai H, Vasiloff G, Wada Y, Wong T, Wood M, Yamakawa Y, Yamane R, Yamaoka H, Yamazaki K, Yang J, Yoneda Y, Yoshida S, Yoshii H, Zhou X, Zollinger R, Zundel Z (2012a) Search for anisotropy of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays with the telescope array experiment. Astrophys J 757:26. doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/757/1/26. arXiv:1205.5984
16. Abu-Zayyad T, Aida R, Allen M, Anderson R, Azuma R, Barcikowski E, Belz JW, Bergman DR, Blake SA, Cady R, Cheon BG, Chiba J, Chikawa M, Cho EJ, Cho WR, Fujii H, Fujii T, Fukuda T, Fukushima M, Hanlon W, Hayashi K, Hayashi Y, Hayashida N, Hibino K, Hiyama K, Honda K, Iguchi T, Ikeda D, Ikuta K, Inoue N, Ishii T, Ishimori R, Ivanov D, Iwamoto S, Jui CCH, Kadota K, Kakimoto F, Kalashev O, Kanbe T, Kasahara K, Kawai H, Kawakami S, Kawana S, Kido E, Kim HB, Kim HK, Kim JH, Kim JH, Kitamoto K, Kitamura S, Kitamura Y, Kobayashi K, Kobayashi Y, Kondo Y, Kuramoto K, Kuzmin V, Kwon YJ, Lim SI, Machida S, Martens K, Martineau J, Matsuda T, Matsuura T, Matsuyama T, Matthews JN, Minamino M, Miyata K, Murano Y, Myers I, Nagasawa K, Nagataki S, Nakamura T, Nam SW, Nonaka T, Ogio S, Ohnishi M, Ohoka H, Oki K, Oku D, Okuda T, Oshima A, Ozawa S, Park IH, Pshirkov MS, Rodriguez DC, Roh SY, Rubtsov G, Ryu D, Sagawa H, Sakurai N, Sampson AL, Scott LM, Shah PD, Shibata F, Shibata T, Shimodaira H, Shin BK, Shin JI, Shirahama T, Smith JD, Sokolsky P, Sonley TJ, Springer RW, Stokes BT, Stratton SR, Stroman T, Suzuki S, Takahashi Y, Takeda M, Taketa A, Takita M, Tameda Y, Tanaka H, Tanaka K, Tanaka M, Thomas SB, Thomson GB, Tinyakov P, Tkachev I, Tokuno H, Tomida T, Troitsky S, Tsunesada Y, Tsutsumi K, Tsuyuguchi Y, Uchihori Y, Udo S, Ukai H, Vasiloff G, Wada Y, Wong T, Wood M, Yamakawa Y, Yamane R, Yamaoka H, Yamazaki K, Yang J, Yoneda Y, Yoshida S, Yoshii H, Zhou X, Zollinger RR, Zundel Z (2012b) The cosmic ray energy spectrum observed with the surface detector of the telescope array experiment. arXiv:1205.5067
17. Ackermann M, Ajello M, Allafort A, Schady P, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Bellazzini R, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Borgland AW, Bottacini E, Bouvier A, Bregeon J, Brigida M, Bruel P, Buehler R, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caraveo PA, Cavazzuti E, Cecchi C, Charles E, Chaves RCG, Chekhtman A, Cheung CC, Chiang J, Chiaro G, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Conrad J, Cutini S, D'Ammando F, de Palma F, Dermer CD, Digel SW, do Couto e Silva E, Domínguez A, Drell PS, Drlica-Wagner A, Favuzzi C, Fegan SJ, Focke WB, Franckowiak A, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier IA, Grove JE, Guiriec S, Gustafsson M, Hadasch D, Hayashida M, Hays E, Jackson MS, Jogler T, Kataoka J, Knödlseder J, Kuss M, Lande J, Larsson S, Latronico L, Longo F, Loparco F, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Mazziotta MN, McEnery JE, Mehault J, Michelson PF, Mizuno T, Monte C, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Tramacere A, Nuss E, Greiner J, Ohno M, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orienti M, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Paneque D, Perkins JS, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Pivato G, Porter TA, Rainò S, Rando R, Razzano M, Razzaque S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reyes LC, Ritz S, Rau A, Romoli C, Roth M, Sánchez-Conde M, Sanchez DA, Scargle JD, Sgrò C, Siskind EJ, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Stawarz Ł, Suson DJ, Takahashi H, Tanaka T, Thayer JG, Thompson DJ, Tibaldo L, Tinivella M, Torres DF, Tosti G, Troja E, Usher TL, Vandenbroucke J, Vasileiou V, Vianello G, Vitale V, Waite AP, Winer BL, Wood KS, Wood M (2012) The imprint of the extragalactic background light in the gamma-ray spectra of blazars. Science 338:1190. doi: 10.1126/science.1227160. arXiv:1211.1671
18. Adamek J, Durrer R, Fenu E, Vonlanthen M (2011) A large scale coherent magnetic field: interactions with free streaming particles and limits from the CMB. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 1106:017. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2011/06/017. arXiv:1102.5235
19. Adams JA, Danielsson UH, Grasso D, Rubinstein H (1996) Distortion of the acoustic peaks in the CMBR due to a primordial magnetic field. Phys Lett B 388:253-258. doi: 10.1016/S0370-2693(96)01171-9. arXiv:astro-ph/9607043
20. Adams JH Jr, Ahmad S, Albert JN, Allard D, Ambrosio M, Anchordoqui L, Anzalone A, Arai Y et al (The JEM-EUSO Collaboration) (2012) The JEM-EUSO mission: status and prospects in 2011. arXiv:1204.5065
21. Aguirre A, Hernquist L, Schaye J, Katz N, Weinberg DH, Gardner J (2001) Metal enrichment of the intergalactic medium in cosmological simulations. Astrophys J 561:521-549. doi: 10.1086/323370. arXiv:astro-ph/0105065
22. Aharonian FA (2004) Very high energy cosmic gamma radiation: a crucial window on the extreme Universe. World Scientific, Singapore
23. Aharonian FA, Coppi PS, Voelk HJ (1994) Very high energy gamma rays from active galactic nuclei: cascading on the cosmic background radiation fields and the formation of pair halos. Astrophys J Lett 423:L5-L8. doi: 10.1086/187222. arXiv:astro-ph/9312045
24. Aharonian FA, Akhperjanian AG, Barrio JA, Bernlöhr K, Bolz O, Börst H, Bojahr H, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Denninghoff S, Fonseca V, Gonzalez JC, Götting N, Heinzelmann G, Hermann G, Heusler A, Hofmann W, Horns D, Ibarra A, Iserlohe C, Jung I, Kankanyan R, Kestel M, Kettler J, Kohnle A, Konopelko A, Kornmeyer H, Kranich D, Krawczynski H, Lampeitl H, Lorenz E, Lucarelli F, Magnussen N, Mang O, Meyer H, Mirzoyan R, Moralejo A, Padilla L, Panter M, Plaga R, Plyasheshnikov A, Prahl J, Pühlhofer G, Rhode W, Röhring A, Rowell GP, Sahakian V, Samorski M, Schilling M, Schröder F, Siems M, Stamm W, Tluczykont M, Völk HJ, Wiedner C, Wittek W (2001) Search for a TeV gamma-ray halo of Mkn 501. Astron Astrophys 366:746-751. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20000481
25. Aharonian F, Akhperjanian AG, Bazer-Bachi AR, Beilicke M, Benbow W, Berge D, Bernlöhr K, Boisson C, Bolz O, Borrel V, Braun I, Breitling F, Brown AM, Chadwick PM, Chounet LM, Cornils R, Costamante L, Degrange B, Dickinson HJ, Djannati-Ataï A, Drury LO, Dubus G, Emmanoulopoulos D, Espigat P, Feinstein F, Fontaine G, Fuchs Y, Funk S, Gallant YA, Giebels B, Gillessen S, Glicenstein JF, Goret P, Hadjichristidis C, Hauser D, Hauser M, Heinzelmann G, Henri G, Hermann G, Hinton JA, Hofmann W, Holleran M, Horns D, Jacholkowska A, de Jager OC, Khélifi B, Klages S, Komin N, Konopelko A, Latham IJ, Le Gallou R, Lemière A, Lemoine-Goumard M, Leroy N, Lohse T, Martin JM, Martineau-Huynh O, Marcowith A, Masterson C, McComb TJL, de Naurois M, Nolan SJ, Noutsos A, Orford KJ, Osborne JL, Ouchrif M, Panter M, Pelletier G, Pita S, Pühlhofer G, Punch M, Raubenheimer BC, Raue M, Raux J, Rayner SM, Reimer A, Reimer O, Ripken J, Rob L, Rolland L, Rowell G, Sahakian V, Saugé L, Schlenker S, Schlickeiser R, Schuster C, Schwanke U, Siewert M, Sol H, Spangler D, Steenkamp R, Stegmann C, Tavernet JP, Terrier R, Théoret CG, Tluczykont M, van Eldik C, Vasileiadis G, Venter C, Vincent P, Völk HJ, Wagner SJ (2006) A low level of extragalactic background light as revealed by γ-rays from blazars. Nature 440:1018-1021. doi: 10.1038/nature04680. arXiv:astro-ph/0508073
26. Aharonian F, Akhperjanian AG, Barres de Almeida U, Bazer-Bachi AR, Behera B, Beilicke M, Benbow W, Bernlöhr K, Boisson C, Bolz O, Borrel V, Braun I, Brion E, Brown AM, Bühler R, Bulik T, Büsching I, Boutelier T, Carrigan S, Chadwick PM, Chounet LM, Clapson AC, Coignet G, Cornils R, Costamante L, Dalton M, Degrange B, Dickinson HJ, Djannati-Ataï A, Domainko W, O'C Drury L, Dubois F, Dubus G, Dyks J, Egberts K, Emmanoulopoulos D, Espigat P, Farnier C, Feinstein F, Fiasson A, Förster A, Fontaine G, Funk S, Füßling M, Gallant YA, Giebels B, Glicenstein JF, Glück B, Goret P, Hadjichristidis C, Hauser D, Hauser M, Heinzelmann G, Henri G, Hermann G, Hinton JA, Hoffmann A, Hofmann W, Holleran M, Hoppe S, Horns D, Jacholkowska A, de Jager OC, Jung I, Katarzyński K, Kendziorra E, Kerschhaggl M, Khélifi B, Keogh D, Komin N, Kosack K, Lamanna G, Latham IJ, Lemière A, Lemoine-Goumard M, Lenain JP, Lohse T, Martin JM, Martineau-Huynh O, Marcowith A, Masterson C, Maurin D, Maurin G, McComb TJL, Moderski R, Moulin E, de Naurois M, Nedbal D, Nolan SJ, Ohm S, Olive JP, de Oña Wilhelmi E, Orford KJ, Osborne JL, Ostrowski M, Panter M, Pedaletti G, Pelletier G, Petrucci PO, Pita S, Pühlhofer G, Punch M, Ranchon S, Raubenheimer BC, Raue M, Rayner SM, Renaud M, Ripken J, Rob L, Rolland L, Rosier-Lees S, Rowell G, Rudak B, Ruppel J, Sahakian V, Santangelo A, Schlickeiser R, Schöck F, Schröder R, Schwanke U, Schwarzburg S, Schwemmer S, Shalchi A, Sol H, Spangler D, Stawarz Ł, Steenkamp R, Stegmann C, Superina G, Tam PH, Tavernet JP, Terrier R, van Eldik C, Vasileiadis G, Venter C, Vialle JP, Vincent P, Vivier M, Völk HJ, Volpe F, Wagner SJ, Ward M, Zdziarski AA, Zech A (2007a) New constraints on the mid-IR EBL from the HESS discovery of VHE γ-rays from 1ES 0229+200. Astron Astrophys 475:L9-L13. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20078462. arXiv:0709.4584
27. Aharonian F, Akhperjanian AG, Barres de Almeida U, Bazer-Bachi AR, Behera B, Beilicke M, Benbow W, Bernlöhr K, Boisson C, Bolz O, Borrel V, Braun I, Brion E, Brown AM, Bühler R, Bulik T, Büsching I, Boutelier T, Carrigan S, Chadwick PM, Chounet LM, Clapson AC, Coignet G, Cornils R, Costamante L, Dalton M, Degrange B, Dickinson HJ, Djannati-Ataï A, Domainko W, O'C Drury L, Dubois F, Dubus G, Dyks J, Egberts K, Emmanoulopoulos D, Espigat P, Farnier C, Feinstein F, Fiasson A, Förster A, Fontaine G, Funk S, Füßling M, Gallant YA, Giebels B, Glicenstein JF, Glück B, Goret P, Hadjichristidis C, Hauser D, Hauser M, Heinzelmann G, Henri G, Hermann G, Hinton JA, Hoffmann A, Hofmann W, Holleran M, Hoppe S, Horns D, Jacholkowska A, de Jager OC, Jung I, Katarzyński K, Kendziorra E, Kerschhaggl M, Khélifi B, Keogh D, Komin N, Kosack K, Lamanna G, Latham IJ, Lemière A, Lemoine-Goumard M, Lenain JP, Lohse T, Martin JM, Martineau-Huynh O, Marcowith A, Masterson C, Maurin D, Maurin G, McComb TJL, Moderski R, Moulin E, de Naurois M, Nedbal D, Nolan SJ, Ohm S, Olive JP, de Oña Wilhelmi E, Orford KJ, Osborne JL, Ostrowski M, Panter M, Pedaletti G, Pelletier G, Petrucci PO, Pita S, Pühlhofer G, Punch M, Ranchon S, Raubenheimer BC, Raue M, Rayner SM, Renaud M, Ripken J, Rob L, Rolland L, Rosier-Lees S, Rowell G, Rudak B, Ruppel J, Sahakian V, Santangelo A, Schlickeiser R, Schöck F, Schröder R, Schwanke U, Schwarzburg S, Schwemmer S, Shalchi A, Sol H, Spangler D, Stawarz Ł, Steenkamp R, Stegmann C, Superina G, Tam PH, Tavernet JP, Terrier R, van Eldik C, Vasileiadis G, Venter C, Vialle JP, Vincent P, Vivier M, Völk HJ, Volpe F, Wagner SJ, Ward M, Zdziarski AA, Zech A (2007b) Discovery of VHE γ-rays from the distant BL Lacertae 1ES 0347-121. Astron Astrophys 473:L25-L28. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20078412. arXiv:0708.3021
28. Aharonian F, Buckley J, Kifune T, Sinnis G (2008) High energy astrophysics with ground-based gamma ray detectors. Rep Prog Phys 71(9):096901. doi: 10.1088/0034-4885/71/9/096901
29. Ahonen J, Enqvist K (1998) Magnetic field generation in first order phase transition bubble collisions. Phys Rev D 57:664-673. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.57. 664. arXiv:hep-ph/9704334
30. Albert J, Aliu E, Anderhub H, Antonelli LA, Antoranz P, Backes M, Baixeras C, Barrio JA, Bartko H, Bastieri D, Becker JK, Bednarek W, Berger K, Bernardini E, Bigongiari C, Biland A, Bock RK, Bonnoli G, Bordas P, Bosch-Ramon V, Bretz T, Britvitch I, Camara M, Carmona E, Chilingarian A, Commichau S, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Costado MT, Covino S, Curtef V, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, Cea del Pozo ED, de los Reyes R, De Lotto B, De Maria M, De Sabata F, Mendez CD, Dominguez A, Dorner D, Doro M, Errando M, Fagiolini M, Ferenc D, Fernández E, Firpo R, Fonseca MV, Font L, Galante N, García López RJ, Garczarczyk M, Gaug M, Goebel F, Hayashida M, Herrero A, Höhne D, Hose J, Hsu CC, Huber S, Jogler T, Kneiske TM, Kranich D, La Barbera A, Laille A, Leonardo E, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Longo F, López M, Lorenz E, Majumdar P, Maneva G, Mankuzhiyil N, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Mariotti M, Martínez M, Mazin D, Meucci M, Meyer M, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Mizobuchi S, Moles M, Moralejo A, Nieto D, Nilsson K, Ninkovic J, Otte N, Oya I, Panniello M, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Pasanen M, Pascoli D, Pauss F, Pegna RG, Perez-Torres MA, Persic M, Peruzzo L, Piccioli A, Prada F, Prandini E, Puchades N, Raymers A, Rhode W, Ribó M, Rico J, Rissi M, Robert A, Rügamer S, Saggion A, Saito TY, Salvati M, Sanchez-Conde M, Sartori P, Satalecka K, Scalzotto V, Scapin V, Schmitt R, Schweizer T, Shayduk M, Shinozaki K, Shore SN, Sidro N, Sierpowska-Bartosik A, Sillanpää A, Sobczynska D, Spanier F, Stamerra A, Stark LS, Takalo L, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Tluczykont M, Torres DF, Turini N, Vankov H, Venturini A, Vitale V, Wagner RM, Wittek W, Zabalza V, Zandanel F, Zanin R, Zapatero J (MAGIC Collaboration) (2008) Very-high-energy gamma rays from a distant quasar: how transparent is the Universe? Science 320:1752. doi: 10.1126/science.1157087. arXiv:0807.2822
31. Aleksić J, Antonelli LA, Antoranz P, Backes M, Baixeras C, Barrio JA, Bastieri D, Becerra González J, Bednarek W, Berdyugin A, Berger K, Bernardini E, Biland A, Blanch O, Bock RK, Bonnoli G, Bordas P, Borla Tridon D, Bosch-Ramon V, Bose D, Braun I, Bretz T, Britzger D, Camara M, Carmona E, Carosi A, Colin P, Commichau S, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Costado MT, Covino S, Dazzi F, de Angelis A, de Cea Del Pozo E, de Los Reyes R, de Lotto B, de Maria M, de Sabata F, Delgado Mendez C, Doert M, Domínguez A, Dominis Prester D, Dorner D, Doro M, Elsaesser D, Errando M, Ferenc D, Fonseca MV, Font L, García López RJ, Garczarczyk M, Gaug M, Godinovic N, Hadasch D, Herrero A, Hildebrand D, Höhne-Mönch D, Hose J, Hrupec D, Hsu CC, Jogler T, Klepser S, Krähenbühl T, Kranich D, La Barbera A, Laille A, Leonardo E, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Longo F, López M, Lorenz E, Majumdar P, Maneva G, Mankuzhiyil N, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Mariotti M, Martínez M, Mazin D, Meucci M, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Miyamoto H, Moldón J, Moles M, Moralejo A, Nieto D, Nilsson K, Ninkovic J, Orito R, Oya I, Paiano S, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Partini S, Pasanen M, Pascoli D, Pauss F, Pegna RG, Perez-Torres MA, Persic M, Peruzzo L, Prada F, Prandini E, Puchades N, Puljak I, Reichardt I, Rhode W, Ribó M, Rico J, Rissi M, Rügamer S, Saggion A, Saito TY, Salvati M, Sánchez-Conde M, Satalecka K, Scalzotto V, Scapin V, Schultz C, Schweizer T, Shayduk M, Shore SN, Sierpowska-Bartosik A, Sillanpää A, Sitarek J, Sobczynska D, Spanier F, Spiro S, Stamerra A, Steinke B, Struebig JC, Suric T, Takalo L, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Terzic T, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Torres DF, Vankov H, Wagner RM, Weitzel Q, Zabalza V, Zandanel F, Zanin R, Neronov A, Semikoz DV (2010) Search for an extended VHE γ-ray emission from Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 with the MAGIC telescope. Astron Astrophys 524:A77. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201014747. arXiv:1004.1093
32. Amenomori M, Bi XJ, Chen D, Cui SW, Danzengluobu, Ding LK, Ding XH, Fan C, Feng CF, Feng Z, Feng ZY, Gao XY, Geng QX, Gou QB, Guo HW, He HH, He M, Hibino K, Hotta N, Hu H, Hu HB, Huang J, Huang Q, Jia HY, Jiang L, Kajino F, Kasahara K, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawata K, Labaciren, Le GM, Li AF, Li HC, Li JY, Liu C, Lou YQ, Lu H, Meng XR, Mizutani K, Mu J, Munakata K, Nanjo H, Nishizawa M, Ohnishi M, Ohta I, Ozawa S, Saito T, Saito TY, Sakata M, Sako TK, Shibata M, Shiomi A, Shirai T, Sugimoto H, Takita M, Tan YH, Tateyama N, Torii S, Tsuchiya H, Udo S, Wang B, Wang H, Wang Y, Wang YG, Wu HR, Xue L, Yamamoto Y, Yan CT, Yang XC, Yasue S, Ye ZH, Yu GC, Yuan AF, Yuda T, Zhang HM, Zhang JL, Zhang NJ, Zhang XY, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou XX (Tibet ASγ Collaboration) (2010) Observation of TeV gamma rays from the Fermi bright galactic sources with the Tibet air shower array. Astrophys J Lett 709:L6-L10. doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/709/1/L6. arXiv:0912.0386
33. Ando S, Kusenko A (2010) Evidence for gamma-ray halos around active galactic nuclei and the first measurement of intergalactic magnetic fields. Astrophys J Lett 722:L39-L44. doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/722/1/L39. arXiv:1005.1924
34. Arlen TC, Vassiliev VV, Weisgarber T, Wakely SP, Yusef Shafi S (2012) Intergalactic magnetic fields and gamma ray observations of extreme TeV blazars. arXiv:1210.2802
35. Arnold P, Moore GD, Yaffe GD (2000) Transport coefficients in high temperature gauge theories. I: leading-log results. J High Energy Phys 0011:001. arXiv:hep-ph/0010177
36. Arnold P, Moore GD, Yaffe LG (2003) Transport coefficients in high temperature gauge theories, 2. Beyond leading log. J High Energy Phys 5:051. doi: 10.1088/1126-6708/2003/05/051. arXiv:hep-ph/0302165
37. Atwood WB, Abdo AA, Ackermann M, Althouse W, Anderson B, Axelsson M, Baldini L, Ballet J, Band DL, Barbiellini G et al. (2009) The large area telescope on the Fermi gamma-ray space telescope mission. Astrophys J 697:1071-1102. doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/697/2/1071. arXiv:0902.1089
38. Banerjee R (2002) Evolution of primordial magnetic fields in the early Universe. PhD thesis, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München
39. Banerjee R, Jedamzik K (2004) The evolution of cosmic magnetic fields: from the very early Universe, to recombination, to the present. Phys Rev D 70:123003. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.123003. arXiv:astro-ph/0410032
40. Barrow JD, Ferreira PG, Silk J (1997) Constraints on a primordial magnetic field. Phys Rev Lett 78:3610-3613. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.3610. arXiv:astro-ph/9701063
41. Barrow JD, Maartens R, Tsagas CG (2007) Cosmology with inhomogeneous magnetic fields. Phys Rep 449:131-171. 10.1016/j.physrep.2007.04.006. arXiv:astro-ph/0611537
42. Baym G, Bödeker D, McLerran L (1996) Magnetic fields produced by phase transition bubbles in the electroweak phase transition. Phys Rev D 53:662-667. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.53.662. arXiv:hep-ph/9507429
43. Beck R (2011) Future observations of cosmic magnetic fields with the SKA and its precursors. arXiv:1111.5802
44. Beck R (2012) Magnetic fields in galaxies. Space Sci Rev 166:215-230
45. Beck R, Poezd AD, Shukurov A, Sokoloff DD (1994) Dynamos in evolving galaxies. Astron Astrophys 289:94-100
46. Beck R, Brandenburg A, Moss D, Shukurov A, Sokoloff D (1996) Galactic magnetism: recent developments and perspectives. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 34:155-206. doi: 10.1146/annurev.astro.34.1.155
47. Bernet ML, Miniati F, Lilly SJ, Kronberg PP, Dessauges-Zavadsky M (2008) Strong magnetic fields in normal galaxies at high redshifts. Nature 454:302-304. doi: 10.1038/nature07105. arXiv:0807.3347
48. Bernstein RA, Freedman WL, Madore BF (2002) The first detections of the extragalactic background light at 3000, 5500, and 8000 Å. II. Measurement of foreground zodiacal light. Astrophys J 571:85-106. doi: 10.1086/339423. arXiv:astro-ph/0112193
49. Berta S, Magnelli B, Lutz D, Altieri B, Aussel H, Andreani P, Bauer O, Bongiovanni A, Cava A, Cepa J, Cimatti A, Daddi E, Dominguez H, Elbaz D, Feuchtgruber H, Förster Schreiber NM, Genzel R, Gruppioni C, Katterloher R, Magdis G, Maiolino R, Nordon R, Pérez García AM, Poglitsch A, Popesso P, Pozzi F, Riguccini L, Rodighiero G, Saintonge A, Santini P, Sanchez-Portal M, Shao L, Sturm E, Tacconi LJ, Valtchanov I, Wetzstein M, Wieprecht E (2010) Dissecting the cosmic infra-red background with Herschel/PEP. Astron Astrophys 518:L30. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201014610. arXiv:1005.1073
50. Bertone S, Stoehr F, White SDM (2005) Semi-analytic simulations of galactic winds: volume filling factor, ejection of metals and parameter study. Mon Not R Astron Soc 359:1201-1216. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08772.x. arXiv:astro-ph/0402044
51. Bertone S, Vogt C, Enßlin T (2006) Magnetic field seeding by galactic winds. Mon Not R Astron Soc 370:319-330. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006. 10474.x. arXiv:astro-ph/0604462
52. Bhat P, Subramanian K (2013) Fluctuation dynamos and their Faraday rotation signatures. Mon Not R Astron Soc 429:2469-2481. doi: 10.1093/mnras/sts516. arXiv:1210.3243
53. Biller SD, Akerlof CW, Buckley J, Cawley MF, Chantell M, Fegan DJ, Fennell S, Gaidos JA, Hillas AM, Kerrick AD, Lamb RC, Lewis DA, Meyer DI, Mohanty G, O'Flaherty KS, Punch M, Reynolds PT, Rose HJ, Rovero AC, Schubnell MS, Sembroski G, Weekes TC, Wilson C (1995) An upper limit to the infrared background from observations of TeV gamma rays. Astrophys J 445:227-230. doi: 10.1086/175689
54. Binetruy P, Bohe A, Caprini C, Dufaux JF (2012) Cosmological backgrounds of gravitational waves and eLISA/NGO: phase transitions, cosmic strings and other sources. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 1206:027. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2012/06/ 027. arXiv:1201.0983
55. Biskamp D (2003) Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
56. Biskamp D, Müller WC (1999) Decay laws for three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. Phys Rev Lett 83:2195-2198. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.2195. arXiv:physics/9903028
57. Blasi P, Burles S, Olinto AV (1999) Cosmological magnetic field limits in an inhomogeneous universe. Astrophys J Lett 514:L79-L82. doi: 10.1086/311958. arXiv:astro-ph/9812487
58. Blumenthal GR, Gould RJ (1970) Bremsstrahlung, synchrotron radiation, and Compton scattering of high-energy electrons traversing dilute gases. Rev Mod Phys 42:237-271. doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.42.237
59. Boeckel T, Schaffner-Bielich J (2012) Little inflation at the cosmological QCD phase transition. Phys Rev D 85(10):103506. doi:
60. Bonafede A, Feretti L, Murgia M, Govoni F, Giovannini G, Dallacasa D, Dolag K, Taylor GB (2010) The coma cluster magnetic field from Faraday rotation measures. Astron Astrophys 513:A30. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/200913696. arXiv:1002.0594
61. Bonvin C, Caprini C (2010) CMB temperature anisotropy at large scales induced by a causal primordial magnetic field. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 1005:022. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2010/05/022. arXiv:1004.1405
62. Bonvin C, Caprini C, Durrer R (2012) Magnetic fields from inflation: the transition to the radiation era. Phys Rev D 86:023519. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.86. 023519. arXiv:1112.3901
63. Bordoloi R, Lilly S, Knobel C, Bolzonella M, Kampczyk P et al. (2011) The radial and azimuthal profiles of Mg II absorption around 0.5
64. Boyarsky A, Ruchayskiy O, Shaposhnikov M (2009) The role of sterile neutrinos in cosmology and astrophysics. Annu Rev Nucl Part Sci 59:191-214. doi: 10.1146/annurev.nucl.010909.083654. arXiv:0901.0011
65. Boyarsky A, Fröhlich J, Ruchayskiy O (2012a) Self-consistent evolution of magnetic fields and chiral asymmetry in the early Universe. Phys Rev Lett 108(3):031301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.031301. arXiv:1109.3350
66. Boyarsky A, Ruchayskiy O, Shaposhnikov M (2012b) Long-range magnetic fields in the ground state of the standard model plasma. Phys Rev Lett 109(11):111602. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.111602. arXiv:1204.3604
67. Brandenburg A, Subramanian K (2005) Astrophysical magnetic fields and nonlinear dynamo theory. Phys Rep 417:1-209. doi: 10.1016/j.physrep.2005.06.005. arXiv:astro-ph/0405052
68. Brandenburg A, Enqvist K, Olesen P (1996) Large-scale magnetic fields from hydromagnetic turbulence in the very early Universe. Phys Rev D 54:1291-1300. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.1291. arXiv:astro-ph/9602031
69. Broderick AE, Chang P, Pfrommer C (2012) The cosmological impact of luminous TeV blazars. I. implications of plasma instabilities for the intergalactic magnetic field and extragalactic gamma-ray background. Astrophys J 752:22. doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/752/1/22. arXiv:1106.5494
70. Brown JC, Haverkorn M, Gaensler BM, Taylor AR, Bizunok NS, McClure-Griffiths NM, Dickey JM, Green AJ (2007) Rotation measures of extragalactic sources behind the southern galactic plane: new insights into the large-scale magnetic field of the inner Milky Way. Astrophys J 663:258-266. doi: 10.1086/518499. arXiv:0704.0458
71. Campanelli L (2007) Evolution of magnetic fields in freely decaying magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. Phys Rev Lett 98:251302. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.251302. arXiv:0705.2308
72. Caprini C, Durrer R (2001) Gravitational wave production: a strong constraint on primordial magnetic fields. Phys Rev D 65:023517. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.65.023517. arXiv:astro-ph/0106244
73. Caprini C, Durrer R (2006) Gravitational waves from stochastic relativistic sources: primordial turbulence and magnetic fields. Phys Rev D 74:063521. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.74.063521. arXiv:astro-ph/0603476
74. Caprini C, Durrer R, Kahniashvili T (2004) The cosmic microwave background and helical magnetic fields: the tensor mode. Phys Rev D 69:063006. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.063006. arXiv:astro-ph/0304556
75. Caprini C, Durrer R, Servant G (2008) Gravitational wave generation from bubble collisions in first-order phase transitions: an analytic approach. Phys Rev D 77:124015. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.124015. arXiv:0711.2593
76. Caprini C, Durrer R, Fenu E (2009a) Can the observed large scale magnetic fields be seeded by helical primordial fields? J Cosmol Astropart Phys 0911:001. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2009/11/001. arXiv:0906.4976
77. Caprini C, Finelli F, Paoletti D, Riotto A (2009b) The cosmic microwave background temperature bispectrum from scalar perturbations induced by primordial magnetic fields. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 0906:021. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2009/06/021. arXiv:0903.1420
78. Caprini C, Durrer R, Servant G (2009c) The stochastic gravitational wave background from turbulence and magnetic fields generated by a first-order phase transition. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 0912:024. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2009/12/ 024. arXiv:0909.0622
79. Cen R, Ostriker JP (1999) Where are the baryons? Astrophys J 514:1-6. doi: 10.1086/306949. arXiv:astro-ph/9806281
80. Cheng B, Olinto AV (1994) Primordial magnetic fields generated in the quark-hadron transition. Phys Rev D 50:2421-2424. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.50.2421
81. Christensson M, Hindmarsh M (1999) Magnetic fields in the early Universe in the string approach to MHD. Phys Rev D 60:063001. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.60. 063001. arXiv:astro-ph/9904358
82. Clarke TE, Kronberg PP, Boehringer H (2001) A new radio - X-ray probe of galaxy cluster magnetic fields. Astrophys J 547:L111-L114. arXiv:astro-ph/ 0011281
83. Cordes JM, Lazio TJW (2002) NE2001.I. A new model for the galactic distribution of free electrons and its fluctuations. arXiv:astro-ph/0207156
84. Csikor F, Fodor Z, Heitger J (1998) The electroweak phase transition at m(H) approximately =80-GeV from L(t)=2 lattices. Nucl Phys B, Proc Suppl 63:569-571. doi: 10.1016/S0920-5632(97)00836-0. arXiv:hep-lat/9709098
85. Dai ZG, Zhang B, Gou LJ, Mészáros P, Waxman E (2002) GeV emission from TeV blazars and intergalactic magnetic fields. Astrophys J Lett 580:L7-L10. doi: 10.1086/345494. arXiv:astro-ph/0209091
86. Daly RA, Loeb A (1990) A possible origin of galactic magnetic fields. Astrophys J 364:451-455. doi: 10.1086/169429
87. de Angelis A, Persic M, Roncadelli M (2008) Constraints on large-scale magnetic fields from the auger results. Mod Phys Lett A 23:315-317. doi: 10.1142/S0217732308026431. arXiv:0711.3346
88. de Forcrand P, Philipsen O (2003) QCD phase diagram for small densities from simulations at imaginary mu. Nucl Phys B, Proc Suppl 119:535-537. doi: 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)01607-4. arXiv:hep-lat/0209084
89. Demozzi V, Mukhanov V, Rubinstein H (2009) Magnetic fields from inflation? J Cosmol Astropart Phys 0908:025. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2009/08/025. arXiv:0907.1030
90. Dermer CD, Cavadini M, Razzaque S, Finke JD, Chiang J, Lott B (2011) Time delay of cascade radiation for TeV blazars and the measurement of the intergalactic magnetic field. Astrophys J 733:L21. doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/733/2/ L21. arXiv:1011.6660
91. D'Ettorre Piazzoli B (2013) Physics results with the ARGO-YBJ experiment. Adv Space Res 51:268-279. doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2011.09.037
92. DeYoung T (HAWC Collaboration) (2012) The HAWC observatory. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 692:72-76. doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2012.01.026
93. Díaz-Gil A, García-Bellido J, García Pérez M, González-Arroyo A (2008a) Magnetic field production during preheating at the electroweak scale. Phys Rev Lett 100(24):241301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett. 100.241301 arXiv:0712.4263
94. Díaz-Gil A, García-Bellido J, García Pérez M, González-Arroyo A (2008b) Primordial magnetic fields from preheating at the electroweak scale. J High Energy Phys 7:043. doi: 10.1088/1126-6708/2008/07/ 043. arXiv:0805.4159
95. Dolag K, Grasso D, Springel V, Tkachev I (2005) Constrained simulations of the magnetic field in the local Universe and the propagation of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 1:009. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2005/ 01/009. arXiv:astro-ph/0410419
96. Dolag K, KachelrießM, Semikoz DV (2009) UHECR observations and lensing in the magnetic field of the Virgo cluster. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 1:033. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2009/01/033. arXiv:0809.5055
97. Dolag K, Kachelriess M, Ostapchenko S, Tomàs R (2011) Lower limit on the strength and filling factor of extragalactic magnetic fields. Astrophys J Lett 727:L4. doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/727/1/L4. arXiv:1009.1782
98. Dole H, Lagache G, Puget JL, Caputi KI, Fernández-Conde N, Le Floc'h E, Papovich C, Pérez-González PG, Rieke GH, Blaylock M (2006) The cosmic infrared background resolved by Spitzer. Contributions of mid-infrared galaxies to the far-infrared background. Astron Astrophys 451:417-429. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20054446. arXiv:astro-ph/0603208
99. Domínguez A, Primack JR, Rosario DJ, Prada F, Gilmore RC, Faber SM, Koo DC, Somerville RS, Pérez-Torres MA, Pérez-González P, Huang JS, Davis M, Guhathakurta P, Barmby P, Conselice CJ, Lozano M, Newman JA, Cooper MC (2011) Extragalactic background light inferred from AEGIS galaxy-SED-type fractions. Mon Not R Astron Soc 410:2556-2578. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17631.x. arXiv:1007.1459
100. Donati JF, Landstreet JD (2009) Magnetic fields of nondegenerate stars. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 47:333-370. doi: 10.1146/annurev-astro-082708-101833. arXiv:0904.1938
101. Donnert J, Dolag K, Lesch H, Müller E (2009) Cluster magnetic fields from galactic outflows. Mon Not R Astron Soc 392:1008-1021. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.14132.x. arXiv:0808.0919
102. Drummond I, Hathrell S (1980) Renormalization of the gravitational trace anomaly in QED. Phys Rev D 21:958. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.21.958
103. Dubus G, Contreras JL, Funk S, Gallant Y, Hassan T, Hinton J, Inoue Y, Knödlseder J, Martin P, Mirabal N, de Naurois M, Renaud M (CTA consortium ft) (2012) Surveys with the Cherenkov telescope array. arXiv:1208.5686
104. Durrer R (2007) Cosmic magnetic fields and the CMB. New Astron Rev 51:275-280. doi: 10.1016/j.newar.2006.11.057. arXiv:astro-ph/0609216
105. Durrer R (2008) The cosmic microwave background. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
106. Durrer R, Caprini C (2003) Primordial magnetic fields and causality. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 0311:010. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2003/11/010. arXiv:astro-ph/0305059
107. Durrer R, Kahniashvili T, Yates A (1998) Microwave background anisotropies from Alfven waves. Phys Rev D 58:123004. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.58. 123004. arXiv:astro-ph/9807089
108. Durrer R, Ferreira P, Kahniashvili T (2000) Tensor microwave anisotropies from a stochastic magnetic field. Phys Rev D 61:043001. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.61.043001. arXiv:astro-ph/9911040
109. Durrer R, Kunz M, Melchiorri A (2002) Cosmic structure formation with topological defects. Phys Rep 364:1-81. doi: 10.1016/S0370-1573(02)00014-5. arXiv:astro-ph/0110348
110. Durrer R, Hollenstein L, Jain RK (2011) Can slow roll inflation induce relevant helical magnetic fields? J Cosmol Astropart Phys 1103:037. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2011/03/037. arXiv:1005.5322
111. Dvornikov M, Semikoz VB (2013) Lepton asymmetry growth in the symmetric phase of an electroweak plasma with hypermagnetic fields versus its washing out by sphalerons. Phys Rev D 87(2):025023. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.025023. arXiv:1212.1416
112. Dwek E, Krennrich F (2012) The extragalactic background light and the gamma-ray opacity of the Universe. arXiv:1209.4661
113. Elbaz D, Cesarsky CJ, Chanial P, Aussel H, Franceschini A, Fadda D, Chary RR (2002) The bulk of the cosmic infrared background resolved by ISOCAM. Astron Astrophys 384:848-865. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20020106. arXiv:astro-ph/0201328
114. Elmfors P, Enqvist K, Kainulainen K (1998) Strongly first order electroweak phase transition induced by primordial hypermagnetic fields. Phys Lett B 440:269-274. doi: 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01117-4. arXiv:hep-ph/9806403
115. Elyiv A, Neronov A, Semikoz DV (2009) Gamma-ray induced cascades and magnetic fields in the intergalactic medium. Phys Rev D 80(2):023010. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.023010. arXiv:0903.3649
116. Enqvist K, Olesen P (1993) On primordial magnetic fields of electroweak origin. Phys Lett B 319:178-185. doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(93)90799-N. arXiv:hep-ph/9308270
117. Enqvist K, Rez A, Semikoz V (1995) Dirac neutrinos and primordial magnetic fields. Nucl Phys B 436:49-64. doi: 10.1016/0550-3213(94)00506-A. arXiv:hep-ph/9408255
118. Enqvist K, Jokinen A, Mazumdar A (2004) Seed perturbations for primordial magnetic fields from MSSM flat directions. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 0411:001. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2004/11/001. arXiv:hep-ph/0404269
119. Ensslin TA, Biermann PL, Kronberg PP, Wu XP (1997) Cosmic-ray protons and magnetic fields in clusters of galaxies and their cosmological consequences. Astrophys J 477:560. doi: 10.1086/303722. arXiv:astro-ph/9609190
120. Espinosa JR, Konstandin T, No JM, Servant G (2010) Energy budget of cosmological first-order phase transitions. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 1006:028. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2010/06/028. arXiv:1004.4187
121. Essey W, Kusenko A (2012) On weak redshift dependence of gamma-ray spectra of distant blazars. Astrophys J Lett 751:L11. doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/ 751/1/L11. arXiv:1111.0815
122. Essey W, Ando S, Kusenko A (2011a) Determination of intergalactic magnetic fields from gamma ray data. Astropart Phys 35:135. doi: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2011.06.010. arXiv:1012.5313
123. Essey W, Kalashev O, Kusenko A, Beacom JF (2011b) Role of line-of-sight cosmic-ray interactions in forming the spectra of distant blazars in TeV gamma rays and high-energy neutrinos. Astrophys J 731:51. doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/731/ 1/51. arXiv:1011.6340
124. Farrar GR, Jansson R, Feain IJ, Gaensler BM (2012) Galactic magnetic deflections and Centaurus A as a UHECR source. arXiv:1211.7086
125. Fenu E, Pitrou C, Maartens R (2011) The seed magnetic field generated during recombination. Mon Not R Astron Soc 414:2354-2366. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18554.x. arXiv:1012.2958
126. Feretti L, Giovannini G, Govoni F, Murgia M (2012) Clusters of galaxies: observational properties of the diffuse radio emission. Astron Astrophys Rev 20:54. doi: 10.1007/s00159-012-0054-z. arXiv:1205.1919
127. Finke JD, Razzaque S (2009) Constraints on the extragalactic background light from very high energy gamma-ray observations of blazars. Astrophys J 698:1761-1766. doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/698/2/1761. arXiv:0904.2583
128. Finke JD, Razzaque S, Dermer CD (2010) Modeling the extragalactic background light from stars and dust. Astrophys J 712:238-249. doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/712/1/238. arXiv:0905.1115
129. Fixsen DJ, Cheng ES, Gales JM, Mather JC, Shafer RA, Wright EL (1996) The cosmic microwave background spectrum from the full COBE FIRAS data set. Astrophys J 473:576. doi: 10.1086/178173. arXiv:astro-ph/9605054
130. Fletcher A (2011) Magnetic fields in nearby galaxies. ASP Conf Ser 438:197-210. arXiv:1104.2427
131. Forbes MM, Zhitnitsky A (2000) Primordial galactic magnetic fields from domain walls at the QCD phase transition. Phys Rev Lett 85:5268-5271. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.5268. arXiv:hep-ph/0004051
132. Franceschini A, Rodighiero G, Vaccari M (2008) Extragalactic optical-infrared background radiation, its time evolution and the cosmic photon-photon opacity. Astron Astrophys 487:837-852. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361: 200809691. arXiv:0805.1841
133. Frayer DT, Huynh MT, Chary R, Dickinson M, Elbaz D, Fadda D, Surace JA, Teplitz HI, Yan L, Mobasher B (2006) Spitzer 70 micron source counts in GOODS-North. Astrophys J Lett 647:L9-L12. doi: 10.1086/507149. arXiv:astro-ph/0606676
134. Funk B, Magnussen N, Meyer H, Rhode W, Westerhoff S, Wiebel-Sooth B (1998) An upper limit on the infrared background density from HEGRA data on MKN 501. Astropart Phys 9:97-103. doi: 10.1016/S0927-6505(98)00009-7. arXiv:astro-ph/9802308
135. Furlanetto SR, Loeb A (2001) Intergalactic magnetic fields from quasar outflows. Astrophys J 556:619-634. doi: 10.1086/321630. arXiv:astro-ph/0102076
136. Gaensler BM (2006) The square kilometre array: a new probe of cosmic magnetism. Astron Nachr 327:387. doi: 10.1002/asna.200610539. arXiv:astro-ph/0603049
137. Gaensler BM, Madsen GJ, Chatterjee S, Mao SA (2008) The vertical structure of warm ionised gas in the Milky Way. Publ Astron Soc Aust 25:184-200. doi: 10.1071/AS08004. arXiv:0808.2550
138. German G, Ross GG, Sarkar S (2001) Low scale inflation. Nucl Phys B 608:423-450. doi: 10.1016/S0550-3213(01)00258-9. arXiv:hep-ph/0103243
139. Giacinti G, Derkx X, Semikoz DV (2010) Search for single sources of ultra high energy cosmic rays on the sky. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 3:022. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2010/03/022. arXiv:0907.1035
140. Giacinti G, KachelrießM, Semikoz DV, Sigl G (2011) Ultrahigh energy nuclei in the turbulent galactic magnetic field. Astropart Phys 35:192-200. doi: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2011.07.006 arXiv:1104.1141
141. Gilmore RC, Somerville RS, Primack JR, Domínguez A (2012) Semi-analytic modelling of the extragalactic background light and consequences for extragalactic gamma-ray spectra. Mon Not R Astron Soc 422:3189-3207. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20841.x. arXiv:1104.0671
142. Giovannini M (2009) Parameter dependence of magnetized CMB observables. Phys Rev D 79(10):103007. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.79.103007. arXiv:0903.5164
143. Gnedin NY, Ferrara A, Zweibel EG (2000) Generation of the primordial magnetic fields during cosmological reionization. Astrophys J 539:505-516. doi: 10.1086/309272. arXiv:astro-ph/0001066
144. Goldreich P, Sridhar S (1995) Toward a theory of interstellar turbulence. 2. Strong Alfvenic turbulence. Astrophys J 438:763-775. doi: 10.1086/175121
145. Gorbunov DS, Tinyakov PG, Tkachev II, Troitsky SV (2008) On the interpretation of the cosmic-ray anisotropy at ultra-high energies. arXiv:0804.1088
146. Gorjian V, Wright EL, Chary RR (2000) Tentative detection of the cosmic infrared background at 2.2 and 3.5 microns using ground-based and space-based observations. Astrophys J 536:550-560. doi: 10.1086/308974. arXiv:astro-ph/ 0103101
147. Gould RJ, Schréder G (1966) Opacity of the Universe to high-energy photons. Phys Rev Lett 16:252-254. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.16.252
148. Grasso D, Riotto A (1998) On the nature of the magnetic fields generated during the electroweak phase transition. Phys Lett B 418:258-265. doi: 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)01224-0. arXiv:hep-ph/9707265
149. Grasso D, Rubinstein HR (2001) Magnetic fields in the early Universe. Phys Rep 348:163-266. doi: 10.1016/S0370-1573(00)00110-1. arXiv:astro-ph/0009061
150. Greisen K (1966) End to the cosmic-ray spectrum? Phys Rev Lett 16:748-750. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.16.748
151. Grojean C, Servant G, Wells JD (2005) First-order electroweak phase transition in the standard model with a low cutoff. Phys Rev D 71:036001. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.036001. arXiv:hep-ph/0407019
152. Han J (2009) The magnetic structure of our galaxy: a review of observations. In: Strassmeier KG, Kosovichev AG, Beckman JE (eds) IAU symposium, vol 259, pp 455-466. doi: 10.1017/S1743921309031123. arXiv:0901.1165
153. Han JL, Qiao GJ (1994) The magnetic field in the disk of our galaxy. Astron Astrophys 288:759-772
154. Han JL, Manchester RN, Lyne AG, Qiao GJ, van Straten W (2006) Pulsar rotation measures and the large-scale structure of the galactic magnetic field. Astrophys J 642:868-881. doi: 10.1086/501444. arXiv:astro-ph/0601357
155. Harrison E (1973) Origin of magnetic fields in the early Universe. Phys Rev Lett 30:188-190. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.30.188
156. Hauser MG, Dwek E (2001) The cosmic infrared background: measurements and implications. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 39:249-307. doi: 10.1146/annurev.astro. 39.1.249. arXiv:astro-ph/0105539
157. Hauser MG, Arendt RG, Kelsall T, Dwek E, Odegard N, Weiland JL, Freudenreich HT, Reach WT, Silverberg RF, Moseley SH, Pei YC, Lubin P, Mather JC, Shafer RA, Smoot GF, Weiss R, Wilkinson DT, Wright EL (1998) The COBE diffuse infrared background experiment search for the cosmic infrared background. I. Limits and detections. Astrophys J 508:25-43. doi: 10.1086/306379. arXiv:astro-ph/9806167
158. Hayashida N, Honda K, Honda M, Inoue N, Kadota K, Kakimoto F, Kamata K, Kawaguchi S, Kawasumi N, Matsubara Y, Murakami K, Nagano M, Ohoka H, Sakaki N, Souma N, Takeda M, Teshima M, Tsushima I, Uchihori Y, Yoshida S, Yoshii H (1996) Possible clustering of the most energetic cosmic rays within a limited space angle observed by the Akeno giant air shower array. Phys Rev Lett 77:1000-1003. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.1000
159. Heckler A, Hogan CJ (1993) Neutrino heat conduction and inhomogeneities in the early Universe. Phys Rev D 47:4256-4260. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.47.4256
160. Hinshaw G, Weiland JL, Hill RS, Odegard N, Larson D, Bennett CL, Dunkley J, Gold B, Greason MR, Jarosik N, Komatsu E, Nolta MR, Page L, Spergel DN, Wollack E, Halpern M, Kogut A, Limon M, Meyer SS, Tucker GS, Wright EL (2009) Five-year Wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe observations: data processing, sky maps, and basic results. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 180:225-245. doi: 10.1088/0067-0049/180/2/225. arXiv:0803.0732
161. Hinshaw G, Larson D, Komatsu E, Spergel D, Bennett C et al (2012) Nine-year Wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe (WMAP) observations: cosmological parameter results. arXiv:1212.5226
162. Hollenstein L, Caprini C, Crittenden R, Maartens R (2008) Challenges for creating magnetic fields by cosmic defects. Phys Rev D 77:063517. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.063517. arXiv:0712.1667
163. Huber SJ, Konstandin T (2008) Gravitational wave production by collisions: more bubbles. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 0809:022. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2008/09/022. arXiv:0806.1828
164. Huber SJ, Konstandin T, Prokopec T, Schmidt MG (2007) Baryogenesis in the MSSM, nMSSM and NMSSM. Nucl Phys A 785:206-209. doi: 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2006. 11.154. arXiv:hep-ph/0608017
165. Ichiki K, Takahashi K, Sugiyama N, Hanayama H, Ohno H (2007) Magnetic field spectrum at cosmological recombination. arXiv:astro-ph/0701329
166. Ichiki K, Inoue S, Takahashi K (2008) Probing the nature of the weakest intergalactic magnetic fields with the high-energy emission of gamma-ray bursts. Astrophys J 682:127-134. doi: 10.1086/588275. arXiv:0711.1589
167. Iroshnikov PS (1964) Turbulence of a conducting fluid in a strong magnetic field. Sov Astron 7:566
168. Jackson JD (1962) Classical electrodynamics, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York
169. Jain RK, Sloth MS (2012) A magnetic consistency relation. arXiv:1207.4187
170. Jansson R, Farrar GR (2012a) A new model of the galactic magnetic field. Astrophys J 757:14. doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/757/1/14. arXiv:1204.3662
171. Jansson R, Farrar GR (2012b) The galactic magnetic field. Astrophys J Lett 761:L11. doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/761/1/L11. arXiv:1210.7820
172. Jansson R, Farrar GR, Waelkens AH, Enßlin TA (2009) Constraining models of the large scale galactic magnetic field with WMAP5 polarization data and extragalactic rotation measure sources. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 7:021. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2009/07/021. arXiv:0905.2228
173. Jedamzik K, Abel T (2011) Weak primordial magnetic fields and anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background radiation. arXiv:1108.2517
174. Jedamzik K, Sigl G (2011) Evolution of the large-scale tail of primordial magnetic fields. Phys Rev D 83(10):103005. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.103005. arXiv:1012.4794
175. Jedamzik K, Katalinić V, Olinto AV (1998) Damping of cosmic magnetic fields. Phys Rev D 57:3264-3284. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.3264. arXiv:astro-ph/9606080
176. Jedamzik K, Katalinić V, Olinto AV (2000) Limit on primordial small-scale magnetic fields from cosmic microwave background distortions. Phys Rev Lett 85:700-703. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.700. arXiv:astro-ph/9911100
177. Joyce M, Shaposhnikov ME (1997) Primordial magnetic fields, right electrons, and the Abelian anomaly. Phys Rev Lett 79:1193-1196. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1193. arXiv:astro-ph/9703005
178. Kahniashvili T, Ratra B (2007) CMB anisotropies due to cosmological magnetosonic waves. Phys Rev D 75:023002. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.75.023002. arXiv:astro-ph/0611247
179. Kahniashvili T, Maravin Y, Kosowsky A (2009) Faraday rotation limits on a primordial magnetic field from Wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe five-year data. Phys Rev D 80(2):023009. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.023009. arXiv:0806.1876
180. Kahniashvili T, Tevzadze AG, Brandenburg A, Neronov A (2012) Evolution of primordial magnetic fields from phase transitions. arXiv:1212.0596
181. W ? Phys Rev Lett 77:2887-2890. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2887. http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2887
182. Kajantie K, Laine M, Rummukainen K, Shaposhnikov ME (1996b) The electroweak phase transition: a nonperturbative analysis. Nucl Phys B 466:189-258. doi: 10.1016/0550-3213(96)00052-1. arXiv:hep-lat/9510020
183. Kamionkowski M, Kosowsky A, Turner MS (1994) Gravitational radiation from first order phase transitions. Phys Rev D 49:2837. arXiv:astro-ph/9310044
184. Kandus A, Kunze KE, Tsagas CG (2011) Primordial magnetogenesis. Phys Rep 505:1-58. doi: 10.1016/j.physrep.2011.03.001. arXiv:1007.3891
185. Kaplan SA, Tsytovich VN (1973) Plasma astrophysics. Pergamon, Elmsford
186. Kashlinsky A, Arendt RG, Ashby MLN, Fazio GG, Mather J, Moseley SH (2012) New measurements of the cosmic infrared background fluctuations in deep Spitzer/IRAC survey data and their cosmological implications. Astrophys J 753:63. doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/753/1/63. arXiv:1201.5617
187. Keenan RC, Barger AJ, Cowie LL, Wang WH (2010) The resolved near-infrared extragalactic background. Astrophys J 723:40-46. doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/723/1/ 40. arXiv:1102.2428
188. Kennicutt RC, Evans NJ (2012) Star formation in the Milky Way and nearby galaxies. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 50:531-608. doi: 10.1146/annurev-astro- 081811-125610. arXiv:1204.3552
189. Kim E, Olinto A, Rosner R (1996) Generation of density perturbations by primordial magnetic fields. Astrophys J 468:28. doi: 10.1086/177667. arXiv:astro-ph/9412070
190. Kisslinger LS (2003) Magnetic wall from chiral phase transition and CMBR correlations. Phys Rev D 68(4):043516. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.043516. arXiv:hep-ph/0212206
191. Kneiske TM (2008) Gamma-ray background: a review. Chin J Astron Astrophys Suppl 8:219-225. arXiv:0707.2915
192. Kolmogorov AN (1941) The local structure of turbulence in incompressible viscous fluid for very large Reynolds numbers. Proc Acad Sci USSR 30:299-303. doi: 10.1098/rspa.1991.0075 (Russian). Translated into English by Kolmogorov AN, Nikolaevich A (1991) Proc R Soc Lond, Ser A, Math Phys Sci 434:9-13
193. Komatsu E et al. (2011) Seven-year Wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe (WMAP) observations: cosmological interpretation. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 192:18. doi: 10.1088/0067-0049/192/2/18. arXiv:1001.4538
194. Kosowsky A, Loeb A (1996) Faraday rotation of microwave background polarization by a primordial magnetic field. Astrophys J 469:1. doi: 10.1086/177751. arXiv:astro-ph/9601055
195. Kraichnan RH (1965) Inertial-range spectrum of hydromagnetic turbulence. Phys Fluids 8:1385-1387
196. Kronberg PP (1994) Extragalactic magnetic fields. Rep Prog Phys 57:325-382
197. Kronberg PP, Perry JJ (1982) Absorption lines, Faraday rotation, and magnetic field estimates for QSO absorption-line clouds. Astrophys J 263:518-532. doi: 10.1086/160523
198. Kronberg PP, Simard-Normandin M (1976) New evidence on the origin of rotation measures in extragalactic radio sources. Nature 263:653-656. doi: 10.1038/263653a0
199. Kronberg PP, Perry JJ, Zukowski ELH (1992) Discovery of extended Faraday rotation compatible with spiral structure in an intervening galaxy at Z=0.395 - new observations of PKS 1229-021. Astrophys J 387:528-535. doi: 10.1086/171104
200. Kronberg PP, Lesch H, Hopp U (1999) Magnetization of the intergalactic medium by primeval galaxies. Astrophys J 511:56-64. doi: 10.1086/306662
201. Kronberg PP, Dufton QW, Li H, Colgate SA (2001) Magnetic energy of the intergalactic medium from galactic black holes. Astrophys J 560:178-186. doi: 10.1086/322767. arXiv:astro-ph/0106281
202. Kronberg P, Bernet M, Miniati F, Lilly S, Short M et al. (2008) A global probe of cosmic magnetic fields to high redshifts. Astrophys J 676:7079. arXiv:0712.0435
203. Kulsrud RM (1983) Basic plasma physics I. Handbook of plasma physics, vol 1. North-Holland, Amsterdam
204. Kulsrud RM (1999) A critical review of galactic dynamos. Annu Rev Astron Astrophys 37:37-64. doi: 10.1146/annurev.astro.37.1.37
205. Kulsrud RM, Zweibel EG (2008) On the origin of cosmic magnetic fields. Rep Prog Phys 71(4):046901. doi: 10.1088/0034-4885/71/4/046901. arXiv:0707.2783
206. Kulsrud RM, Cen R, Ostriker JP, Ryu D (1997) The protogalactic origin for cosmic magnetic fields. Astrophys J 480:481. doi: 10.1086/303987. arXiv:astro-ph/9607141
207. Kunze KE (2010) Large scale magnetic fields from gravitationally coupled electrodynamics. Phys Rev D 81:043526. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.81.043526. arXiv:0911.1101
208. Landau L, Lifschitz E (1990) Hydrodynamik, Lehrbuch der theoretischen physik, 5th edn, vol 6. Akademie Verlag, Berlin
209. Lee S, Olinto AV, Sigl G (1995) Extragalactic magnetic field and the highest energy cosmic rays. Astrophys J Lett 455:L21. doi: 10.1086/309812. arXiv:astro-ph/9508088
210. Lemoine M, Sigl G, Olinto AV, Schramm DN (1997) Ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray sources and large-scale magnetic fields. Astrophys J Lett 486:L115. doi: 10.1086/310847. arXiv:astro-ph/9704203
211. Lewis A (2004) CMB anisotropies from primordial inhomogeneous magnetic fields. Phys Rev D 70:043011. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.043011. arXiv:astro-ph/0406096
212. Lewis A, Bridle S (2002) Cosmological parameters from CMB and other data: a Monte Carlo approach. Phys Rev D 66:103511. arXiv:astro-ph/0205436
213. Lifschitz E, Pitajevski L (1983) Physikalische Kinetik, Lehrbuch der theoretischen Physik. vol 10. Akademie Verlag, Berlin
214. Madau P, Pozzetti L (2000) Deep galaxy counts, extragalactic background light and the stellar baryon budget. Mon Not R Astron Soc 312:L9-L15. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03268.x. arXiv:astro-ph/9907315
215. Maeda S, Kitagawa S, Kobayashi T, Shiromizu T (2009) Primordial magnetic fields from second-order cosmological perturbations: tight coupling approximation. Class Quantum Gravity 26:135014. doi: 10.1088/0264-9381/26/13/ 135014. arXiv:0805.0169
216. Maeda S, Takahashi K, Ichiki K (2011) Primordial magnetic fields generated by the non-adiabatic fluctuations at pre-recombination era. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 1111:045. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2011/11/045. arXiv:1109.0691
217. Martin J, Yokoyama J (2008) Generation of large-scale magnetic fields in single-field inflation. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 0801:025. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2008/01/025. arXiv:0711.4307
218. Matsumoto T, Matsuura S, Murakami H, Tanaka M, Freund M, Lim M, Cohen M, Kawada M, Noda M (2005) Infrared telescope in space observations of the near-infrared extragalactic background light. Astrophys J 626:31-43. doi: 10.1086/429383. arXiv:astro-ph/0411593
219. Mazin D, Raue M (2007) New limits on the density of the extragalactic background light in the optical to the far infrared from the spectra of all known TeV blazars. Astron Astrophys 471:439-452. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361: 20077158. arXiv:astro-ph/0701694
220. Medvedev MV, Silva LO, Kamionkowski M (2006) Cluster magnetic fields from large-scale structure and galaxy cluster shocks. Astrophys J Lett 642:L1-L4. doi: 10.1086/504470. arXiv:astro-ph/0512079
221. Miniati F, Bell AR (2011) Resistive magnetic field generation at cosmic dawn. Astrophys J 729:73. doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/729/1/73. arXiv:1001.2011
222. Miniati F, Elyiv A (2012) Relaxation of blazar induced pair beams in cosmic voids: measurement of magnetic field in voids and thermal history of the IGM. arXiv:1208.1761
223. Motta L, Caldwell RR (2012) Non-Gaussian features of primordial magnetic fields in power-law inflation. Phys Rev D 85:103532. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.85. 103532. arXiv:1203.1033
224. Mueller A, Shoshi A, Wong S (2007) On Kolmogorov wave turbulence in QCD. Nucl Phys B 760:145-165. doi: 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2006.10.023. arXiv:hep-ph/0607136
225. Muller WC, Grappin R (2005) Spectral energy dynamics in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. Phys Rev Lett 95:114502. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.114502
226. Neronov A, Aharonian FA (2007) Production of TeV gamma radiation in the vicinity of the supermassive black hole in the Giant Radio Galaxy M87. Astrophys J 671:85-96. doi: 10.1086/522199. arXiv:0704.3282
227. Neronov A, Semikoz DV (2007) A method of measurement of extragalactic magnetic fields by TeV gamma ray telescopes. J Exp Theor Phys Lett 85:579. arXiv:astro-ph/0604607
228. Neronov A, Semikoz DV (2009) Sensitivity of γ-ray telescopes for detection of magnetic fields in the intergalactic medium. Phys Rev D 80(12):123012. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.123012. arXiv:0910.1920
229. Neronov A, Vovk I (2010) Evidence for strong extragalactic magnetic fields from Fermi observations of TeV blazars. Science 328:73-75. doi: 10.1126/science.1184192
230. Neronov A, Semikoz D, Kachelriess M, Ostapchenko S, Elyiv A (2010) Degree-scale GeV "Jets" from active and dead TeV blazars. Astrophys J Lett 719:L130-L133. doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/719/2/L130. arXiv:1002.4981
231. Neronov A, Semikoz DV, Tinyakov PG, Tkachev II (2011) No evidence for gamma-ray halos around active galactic nuclei resulting from intergalactic magnetic fields. Astron Astrophys 526:A90. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201015892. arXiv:1006.0164
232. Neronov A, Semikoz D, Taylor AM (2012) Very hard gamma-ray emission from a flare of Mrk 501. Astron Astrophys 541:A31. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201117083. arXiv:1104.2801
233. Oliver SJ, Wang L, Smith AJ, Altieri B, Amblard A, Arumugam V, Auld R, Aussel H, Babbedge T, Blain A, Bock J, Boselli A, Buat V, Burgarella D, Castro-Rodríguez N, Cava A, Chanial P, Clements DL, Conley A, Conversi L, Cooray A, Dowell CD, Dwek E, Eales S, Elbaz D, Fox M, Franceschini A, Gear W, Glenn J, Griffin M, Halpern M, Hatziminaoglou E, Ibar E, Isaak K, Ivison RJ, Lagache G, Levenson L, Lu N, Madden S, Maffei B, Mainetti G, Marchetti L, Mitchell-Wynne K, Mortier AMJ, Nguyen HT, O'Halloran B, Omont A, Page MJ, Panuzzo P, Papageorgiou A, Pearson CP, Pérez-Fournon I, Pohlen M, Rawlings JI, Raymond G, Rigopoulou D, Rizzo D, Roseboom IG, Rowan-Robinson M, Sánchez Portal M, Savage R, Schulz B, Scott D, Seymour N, Shupe DL, Stevens JA, Symeonidis M, Trichas M, Tugwell KE, Vaccari M, Valiante E, Valtchanov I, Vieira JD, Vigroux L, Ward R, Wright G, Xu CK, Zemcov M (2010) HerMES: SPIRE galaxy number counts at 250, 350, and 500 μm. Astron Astrophys 518:L21. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201014697. arXiv:1005.2184
234. Oppermann N, Junklewitz H, Robbers G, Bell MR, Enßlin TA, Bonafede A, Braun R, Brown JC, Clarke TE, Feain IJ, Gaensler BM, Hammond A, Harvey-Smith L, Heald G, Johnston-Hollitt M, Klein U, Kronberg PP, Mao SA, McClure-Griffiths NM, O'Sullivan SP, Pratley L, Robishaw T, Roy S, Schnitzeler DHFM, Sotomayor-Beltran C, Stevens J, Stil JM, Sunstrum C, Tanna A, Taylor AR, Van Eck CL (2012) An improved map of the galactic Faraday sky. Astron Astrophys 542:A93. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201118526. arXiv:1111.6186
235. Oren AL, Wolfe AM (1995) A Faraday rotation search for magnetic fields in quasar damped LY alpha absorption systems. Astrophys J 445:624-641. doi: 10.1086/175726
236. Pandey KL, Sethi SK (2012) Theoretical estimates of 2-point shear correlation functions using tangled magnetic field power spectrum. arXiv:1201.3619
237. Paoletti D, Finelli F (2011) CMB constraints on a stochastic background of primordial magnetic fields. Phys Rev D 83(12):123533. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.123533. arXiv:1005.0148
238. Paoletti D, Finelli F (2012) Constraints on a stochastic background of primordial magnetic fields with WMAP and south pole telescope data. arXiv:1208.2625
239. Parker EN (1955) Hydromagnetic dynamo models. Astrophys J 122:293. doi: 10.1086/146087
240. Plaga R (1995) Detecting intergalactic magnetic fields using time delays in pulses of γ-rays. Nature 374:430-432. doi: 10.1038/374430a0
241. Pshirkov MS, Tinyakov PG, Kronberg PP, Newton-McGee KJ (2011) Deriving the global structure of the galactic magnetic field from Faraday rotation measures of extragalactic sources. Astrophys J 738:192. doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/738/2/192. arXiv:1103.0814
242. Puget JL, Abergel A, Bernard JP, Boulanger F, Burton WB, Desert FX, Hartmann D (1996) Tentative detection of a cosmic far-infrared background with COBE. Astron Astrophys 308:L5
243. Ratra B (1992) Cosmological 'seed' magnetic field from inflation. Astrophys J 391:L1-L4
244. Rees MJ (1987) The origin and cosmogonic implications of seed magnetic fields. Q J R Astron Soc 28:197-206
245. Rees MJ, Reinhardt M (1972) Some remarks on intergalactic magnetic fields. Astron Astrophys 19:189
246. Roberge A, Weiss N (1986) Gauge theories with imaginary chemical potential and the phases of QCD. Nucl Phys B 275:734. doi: 10.1016/0550-3213(86) 90582-1
247. Ruzmaikin AA, Shukurov AM, Sokoloff DD (1988) Magnetic fields of galaxies. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht
248. Ryu D, Kang H, Cho J, Das S (2008) Turbulence and magnetic fields in the large-scale structure of the Universe. Science 320:909. doi: 10.1126/science.1154923. arXiv:0805.2466
249. Saga S, Shiraishi M, Ichiki K, Sugiyama N (2013) Generation of magnetic fields in Einstein-Aether gravity. arXiv:1302.4189
250. Saveliev A, Jedamzik K, Sigl G (2012) Time evolution of the large-scale tail of nonhelical primordial magnetic fields with back-reaction of the turbulent medium. Phys Rev D 86(10):103010. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.86.103010. arXiv:1208.0444
251. Schleicher DRG, Miniati F (2011) Primordial magnetic field constraints from the end of reionization. Mon Not R Astron Soc 418:L143-L147. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-3933.2011.01162.x. arXiv:1108.1874
252. Schleicher DR, Banerjee R, Klessen RS (2009) Dark stars: implications and constraints from cosmic reionization and extragalactic background radiation. Phys Rev D 79:043510. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.79.043510. arXiv:0809.1519
253. Schleicher DRG, Banerjee R, Sur S, Arshakian TG, Klessen RS, Beck R, Spaans M (2010) Small-scale dynamo action during the formation of the first stars and galaxies. I. The ideal MHD limit. Astron Astrophys 522:A115. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201015184. arXiv:1003.1135
254. Schlickeiser R, Shukla PK (2003) Cosmological magnetic field generation by the Weibel instability. Astrophys J Lett 599:L57-L60. doi: 10.1086/381246
255. Schlickeiser R, Ibscher D, Supsar M (2012) Plasma effects on fast pair beams in cosmic voids. Astrophys J 758:102. doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/758/2/102
256. Schwarz DJ, Stuke M (2009) Lepton asymmetry and the cosmic QCD transition. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 0911:025. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2009/11/ 025, 10.1088/1475-7516/2010/10/E01. arXiv:0906.3434
257. Semikoz VB, Valle JWF (2008) Lepton asymmetries and the growth of cosmological seed magnetic fields. J High Energy Phys 3:067. doi: 10.1088/1126-6708/2008/03/067. arXiv:0704.3978
258. Semikoz V, Sokoloff D, Valle J (2009) Is the baryon asymmetry of the Universe related to galactic magnetic fields? Phys Rev D 80:083510. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.083510. arXiv:0905.3365
259. Semikoz V, Sokoloff D, Valle J (2012) Lepton asymmetries and primordial hypermagnetic helicity evolution. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 1206:008. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2012/06/008. arXiv:1205.3607
260. Seshadri T, Subramanian K (2001) CMBR polarization signals from tangled magnetic fields. Phys Rev Lett 87:101301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.101301. arXiv:astro-ph/0012056
261. Seshadri T, Subramanian K (2009) CMB bispectrum from primordial magnetic fields on large angular scales. Phys Rev Lett 103:081303. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.081303. arXiv:0902.4066
262. Sethi SK, Subramanian K (2005) Primordial magnetic fields in the post-recombination era and early reionization. Mon Not R Astron Soc 356:778-788. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08520.x. arXiv:astro-ph/0405413
263. Sethi SK, Subramanian K (2009) Primordial magnetic fields and the HI signal from the epoch of reionization. J Cosmol Astropart Phys 0911:021. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2009/11/021. arXiv:0911.0244
264. Shaposhnikov M (1987) Baryon asymmetry of the Universe in standard electroweak theory. Nucl Phys B 287:757-775. doi: 10.1016/0550-3213(87)90127-1
265. Shaw JR, Lewis A (2010) Massive neutrinos and magnetic fields in the early Universe. Phys Rev D 81:043517. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.81.043517. arXiv:0911.2714
266. Shaw JR, Lewis A (2012) Constraining primordial magnetism. Phys Rev D 86(4):043510. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.86.043510. arXiv:1006.4242
267. Sigl G, Lemoine M (1998) Reconstruction of source and cosmic magnetic field characteristics from clusters of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Astropart Phys 9:65-78. doi: 10.1016/S0927-6505(98)00006-1. arXiv:astro-ph/9711060
268. Sigl G, Olinto AV, Jedamzik K (1997) Primordial magnetic fields from cosmological first order phase transitions. Phys Rev D 55:4582-4590. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.55.4582. arXiv:astro-ph/9610201
269. Sigl G, Miniati F, Enßlin TA (2004) Ultrahigh energy cosmic ray probes of large scale structure and magnetic fields. Phys Rev D 70(4):043007. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.043007. arXiv:astro-ph/0401084
270. Smits R, Kramer M, Stappers B, Lorimer DR, Cordes J, Faulkner A (2009) Pulsar searches and timing with the square kilometre array. Astron Astrophys 493:1161-1170. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:200810383. arXiv:0811.0211
271. Spitzer L (1978) Physical processes in the interstellar medium. Wiley, New York
272. Stanev T (1997) Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and the large-scale structure of the galactic magnetic field. Astrophys J 479:290. doi: 10.1086/303866. arXiv:astro-ph/9607086
273. Stecker FW, Malkan MA, Scully ST (2006) Intergalactic photon spectra from the far-IR to the UV Lyman limit for 0≤z≤6 and the optical depth of the Universe to high-energy gamma rays. Astrophys J 648:774-783. doi: 10.1086/506188. arXiv:astro-ph/0510449
274. Steigman G (2008) Neutrinos and BBN (and the CMB), pp 241-256. arXiv:0807.3004
275. Stil JM, Taylor AR, Sunstrum C (2011) Structure in the rotation measure sky. Astrophys J 726:4. doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/726/1/4. arXiv:1010.5299
276. Subramanian K (2010) Magnetic fields in the early Universe. Astron Nachr 331:110-120. doi: 10.1002/asna.200911312. arXiv:0911.4771
277. Subramanian K, Barrow JD (1998a) Magnetohydrodynamics in the early Universe and the damping of nonlinear Alfvén waves. Phys Rev D 58(8):083502. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.58.083502. arXiv:astro-ph/9712083
278. Subramanian K, Barrow JD (1998b) Microwave background signals from tangled magnetic fields. Phys Rev Lett 81:3575-3578. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett. 81.3575. arXiv:astro-ph/9803261
279. Subramanian K, Narasimha D, Chitre SM (1994) Thermal generation of cosmological seed magnetic fields in ionization fronts. Mon Not R Astron Soc 271:L15
280. Sun XH, Reich W, Waelkens A, Enßlin TA (2008) Radio observational constraints on galactic 3D-emission models. Astron Astrophys 477:573-592. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20078671. arXiv:0711.1572
281. Sur S, Schleicher DRG, Banerjee R, Federrath C, Klessen RS (2010) The generation of strong magnetic fields during the formation of the first stars. Astrophys J Lett 721:L134-L138. doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/721/2/L134. arXiv:1008.3481
282. Takahashi K, Murase K, Ichiki K, Inoue S, Nagataki S (2008) Detectability of pair echoes from gamma-ray bursts and intergalactic magnetic fields. Astrophys J Lett 687:L5-L8. doi: 10.1086/593118. arXiv:0806.2825
283. Takahashi K, Mori M, Ichiki K, Inoue S (2012) Lower bounds on intergalactic magnetic fields from simultaneously observed GeV-TeV light curves of the blazar Mrk 501. Astrophys J Lett 744:L7. doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/744/1/L7. arXiv:1103.3835
284. Tashiro H, Sugiyama N (2006) The early reionization with the primordial magnetic fields. Mon Not R Astron Soc 368:965-970. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966. 2006.10178.x. arXiv:astro-ph/0512626
285. Tashiro H, Sugiyama N (2011) Sunyaev-Zel'dovich power spectrum produced by primordial magnetic fields. Mon Not R Astron Soc 411:1284-1292. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17767.x. arXiv:0908.0113
286. Tavani M, Barbiellini G, Argan A, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Cocco V, Costa E, D'Ammando F, Del Monte E, de Paris G, Di Cocco G, di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Froysland T, Frutti M, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Liello F, Lipari P, Longo F, Mattaini E, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pontoni C, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Traci A, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Antonelli A, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Stellato S, Fanari G, Primavera R, Tamburelli F, Viola F, Guarrera G, Salotti L, D'Amico F, Marchetti E, Crisconio M, Sabatini P, Annoni G, Alia S, Longoni A, Sanquerin R, Battilana M, Concari P, Dessimone E, Grossi R, Parise A, Monzani F, Artina E, Pavesi R, Marseguerra G, Nicolini L, Scandelli L, Soli L, Vettorello V, Zardetto E, Bonati A, Maltecca L, D'Alba E, Patané M, Babini G, Onorati F, Acquaroli L, Angelucci M, Morelli B, Agostara C, Cerone M, Michetti A, Tempesta P, D'Eramo S, Rocca F, Giannini F, Borghi G, Garavelli B, Conte M, Balasini M, Ferrario I, Vanotti M, Collavo E, Giacomazzo M (2009) The AGILE mission. Astron Astrophys 502:995-1013. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/200810527. arXiv:0807.4254
287. Tavecchio F, Ghisellini G, Foschini L, Bonnoli G, Ghirlanda G, Coppi P (2010) The intergalactic magnetic field constrained by Fermi/LAT observations of the TeV blazar 1ES 0229+200. Mon Not R Astron Soc Lett 406:L70-L74. http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:arXiv.org:1004.1329. arXiv:1004.1329
288. Tavecchio F, Ghisellini G, Bonnoli G, Foschini L (2011) Extreme TeV blazars and the intergalactic magnetic field. Mon Not R Astron Soc 414:3566-3576. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18657.x. arXiv:1009.1048
289. Taylor AR, Stil JM, Sunstrum C (2009) A rotation measure image of the sky. Astrophys J 702:1230-1236. doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/702/2/1230
290. Taylor A, Vovk I, Neronov A (2011) Extragalactic magnetic fields constraints from simultaneous GeV-TeV observations of blazars. Astron Astrophys 529:A144. arXiv:1101.0932
291. Tevzadze AG, Kisslinger L, Brandenburg A, Kahniashvili T (2012) Magnetic fields from QCD phase transitions. arXiv:1207.0751
292. Theuns T, Viel M, Kay S, Schaye J, Carswell RF, Tzanavaris P (2002) Galactic winds in the intergalactic medium. Astrophys J Lett 578:L5-L8. doi: 10.1086/344521. arXiv:astro-ph/0208418
293. Trivedi P, Subramanian K, Seshadri TR (2010) Primordial magnetic field limits from cosmic microwave background bispectrum of magnetic passive scalar modes. Phys Rev D 82:123006. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.82.123006. arXiv:1009.2724
294. Trivedi P, Seshadri T, Subramanian K (2012) Cosmic microwave background trispectrum and primordial magnetic field limits. Phys Rev Lett 108:231301. arXiv:1111.0744
295. Tsytovich V (1977) Theory of turbulent plasmas. Studies in soviet science. Plenum, New York
296. Turner MS, Widrow LM (1988) Inflation produced, large scale magnetic fields. Phys Rev D 37:2743. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.37.2743
297. Turok N, Zadrozny J (1990) Dynamical generation of baryons at the electroweak transition. Phys Rev Lett 65:2331. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.65.2331
298. Urry CM, Padovani P (1995) Unified schemes for radio-loud active galactic nuclei. Publ Astron Soc Pac 107:803. doi: 10.1086/133630. arXiv:astro-ph/ 9506063
299. Vachaspati T (1991) Magnetic fields from cosmological phase transitions. Phys Lett B 265:258-261. doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(91)90051-Q
300. Vachaspati T (2001) Estimate of the primordial magnetic field helicity. Phys Rev Lett 87:251302. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.251302. arXiv:astro-ph/0101261
301. Venters TM, Pavlidou V (2012) Probing the intergalactic magnetic field with the anisotropy of the extragalactic gamma-ray background. arXiv:1201.4405
302. Vovk I, Taylor AM, Semikoz D, Neronov A (2012) Fermi/LAT observations of 1ES 0229+200: implications for extragalactic magnetic fields and background light. Astrophys J Lett 747:L14. doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/747/1/L14. arXiv:1112.2534
303. Weinberg S (1971) Entropy generation and the survival of protogalaxies in an expanding Universe. Astrophys J 168:175. doi: 10.1086/151073
304. Widrow LM (2002) Origin of galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields. Rev Mod Phys 74:775-823. doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.74.775. arXiv:astro-ph/0207240
305. Widrow LM, Ryu D, Schleicher DRG, Subramanian K, Tsagas CG, Treumann RA (2012) The first magnetic fields. Space Sci Rev 166:37-70. doi: 10.1007/s11214-011-9833-5. arXiv:1109.4052
306. Wielebinski R (2005) Magnetic fields in the Milky Way, derived from radio continuum observations and Faraday rotation studies. In: Wielebinski R, Beck R (eds) Cosmic magnetic fields. Lecture notes in physics, vol 664. Springer, Berlin, p 89. doi: 10.1007/11369875-5
307. Wright EL, Reese ED (2000) Detection of the cosmic infrared background at 2.2 and 3.5 microns using DIRBE observations. Astrophys J 545:43-55. doi: 10.1086/317776. arXiv:astro-ph/9912523
308. Xu Y, Kronberg PP, Habib S, Dufton QW (2006) A Faraday rotation search for magnetic fields in large scale structure. Astrophys J 637:19-26. doi: 10.1086/498336. arXiv:astro-ph/0509826
309. Yamazaki DG, Kajino T, Mathews GJ, Ichiki K (2012) The search for a primordial magnetic field. Phys Rep 517:141-167. doi: 10.1016/j.physrep.2012.02. 005. arXiv:1204.3669
310. Zatsepin GT, Kuz'min VA (1966) Upper limit of the spectrum of cosmic rays. Sov J Exp Theor Phys Lett 4:78