Role of dexmedetomidine for the prevention and treatment of delirium in intensive care unit patients;El rol de dexmedetomidina para la prevención y tratamiento de delirio en pacientes de cuidado intensivo

Annals of Pharmacotherapy

Volumn 47, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 869-876

  Mo, Yoonsun ^a   Zimmermann, Anthony E ^a  

^a WESTERN NEW ENGLAND UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANALGESIC AGENT; DEXMEDETOMIDINE; FENTANYL; HALOPERIDOL; LORAZEPAM; MIDAZOLAM; MORPHINE; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; PROPOFOL; SEDATIVE AGENT;

ARTICLE; COMA; CONTINUOUS INFUSION; DISEASE DURATION; DRUG EFFICACY; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE PSYCHOSIS; MULTICENTER STUDY (TOPIC); PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RICHMOND AGITATION SEDATION SCALE; SEDATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT RESPONSE;

ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTOR AGONISTS; DELIRIUM; DEXMEDETOMIDINE; HUMANS; INTENSIVE CARE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC;

EID: 84878519941     PISSN: 10600280     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1345/aph.1AR708     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Lin S, Liu C, Wang C, et al. The impact of delirium on the survival of mechanically ventilated patients. Crit Care Med 2004;32:2254-2259.
2. American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Text revision (DSM-IV-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 2000.
3. Girard T, Pandharipande P, Ely E. Delirium in the intensive care unit. Crit Care 2008;12(suppl 3):S3.
4. Ouimet S, Kavanagh B, Gottfried S, et al. Incidence, risk factors and consequences of ICU delirium. Intensive Care Med 2007;33:66-73.
5. Ely E, Gautam S, Margolin R, et al. The impact of delirium in the intensive care unit on hospital length of stay. Intensive Care Med 2001;27: 1892-1900.
6. Dubois M, Bergeron N, Dumont M, et al. Delirium in an intensive care unit: a study of risk factors. Intensive Care Med 2001;27:1297-1304.
7. Trzepacz P. Delirium. Advances in diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1996;19:429-448.
8. Flacker J, Cummings V, Mach J, et al. The association of serum anti-cholinergic activity with delirium in elderly medical patients. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry1998;6:31-41.
9. Ely E, Inouye S, Bernard G, et al. Delirium in mechanically ventilated patients. Validity and reliability of the confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit. JAMA 2001;286:2703-2710.
10. Schweickert W, Pohlman M, Pohlman A, et al. Early physical and occupational therapy in mechanically ventilated, critically ill patients: a randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2009;373:1874-1882.
11. Barr J, Fraser G, Puntillo K, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of pain, agitation, and delirium in adult patients in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2013;41:263-306.
12. Devlin J, Roberts R, Gellis J, et al. Efficacy and safety of quetiapine in critically ill patients with delirium: a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Crit Care Med 2009;38: 419-427.
13. Zaal I, Slooter A. Delirium in critically ill patients: epidemiology, patho-physiology, diagnosis, and management. Drugs 2012;72:1457-1471.
14. Gerlach AT, Murphy C V, Dasta JF. An updated focused review of dexmedetomidine in adults. Ann Pharmacother 2009;43:2064-2074. doi: 10.1345/aph.1M310
15. Girard T, Pandharipande P, Carson S, et al. Feasibility, efficacy, and safety of antipsychotics for intensive care unit delirium: the MIND randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Crit Care Med 2010;38:428-437.
16. Yu S. Dexmedetomidine sedation in ICU. Korean J Anesthesiol 2012;62: 405-411.
17. Tan J, Ho K. Use of dexmedetomidine as a sedative and analgesic agent in critically ill adult patients: a meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med 2010;36: 926-939.
18. Bhaba N, Goa K, McClellan K. Dexmedetomidine. Drugs 2000;59:263-268.
19. Gertler R, Brown H, Mitchell D, et al. Dexmedetomidine: a novel sedative-analgesic agent. BUMC Proc 2001;14:13-21.
20. Venn R, Bradshaw C, Spencer R, et al. Preliminary UK experience of dexmedetomidine, a novel agent for postoperative sedation in the intensive care unit. Anaesthesia 1999;54:1136-1142.
21. Arnold H, Hollands J, Skrupky L, et al. Optimizing sustained use of sedation in mechanically ventilated patients: focus on safety. Curr Drug Saf 2010;5:6-12.
22. Bekker A, Sturaitis M. Dexmedetomidine for neurological surgery. Neu-rosurgery 2005;57(1 suppl):1-10.
23. Szumita P, Baroletti S, Anger K, et al. Sedation and analgesia in the intensive care unit: evaluating the role of dexmedetomidine. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2007;64:37-44.
24. Riker R, Shehabi Y, Bokesch P, et al. Dexmedetomidine vs midazolam for sedation of critically ill patients: a randomized trial. JAMA 2009;301: 489-499.
25. Maldonado J, Wysong A, van der Starre P, et al. Dexmedetomidine and the reduction of postoperative delirium after cardiac surgery. Psychosomatics 2009;50:206-217.
26. Sanders R, Maze M. Contribution of sedative-hypnotic agents to delirium via modulation of the sleep pathway. Can J Anesth 2011;58:149-156.
27. Pandharipande P, Shintani A, Peterson J, et al. Lorazepam is an independent risk factor for transitioning to delirium in intensive care unit patients. Anesthesiology 2006;104:21-26.
28. Coull J, Jones M, Egan T, et al. Attentional effects of noradrenaline vary with arousal level: selective activation of thalamic pulvinar in humans. Neuroimage 2004;22:315-322.
29. Pandharipande P, Pun B, Herr D, et al. Effect of sedation with dexmedeto-midine vs lorazepam on acute brain dysfunction in mechanically ventilated patients: the MENDS randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2007; 298;2644-2653.
30. Yapici N, Coruh T, Kehlibar T, et al. Dexmedetomidine in cardiac surgery patients who fail extubation and present with a delirium state. Heart Surg Forum 2011;14:E93-E98.
31. Ruokonen E, Parviainen I, Jakob SM, et al. Dexmedetomidine versus propofol/midazolam for long-term sedation during mechanical ventilation. Intensive Care Med 2009;35:282-290.
32. Jakob SM, Ruokonen E, Grounds RM, et al. Dexmedetomidine vs mida-zolam or propofol for sedation during prolonged mechanical ventilation: two randomized controlled trials. JAMA 2012;307;1151-1159.
33. Reade M, O'Sullivan K, Bates S, et al. Dexmedetomidine vs haloperidol in delirious, agitated, intubated patients: a randomized open-label trial. Crit Care 2009;13:R75.
34. Shehabi Y, Grant P, Wolfenden H, et al. Prevalence of delirium with dexmedetomidine compared with morphine based therapy after cardiac surgery. Anesthesiology 2009;111:1075-1084.