Fetal assessment for anesthesiologists: Are you evaluating the other patient?

Anesthesia and Analgesia

Volumn 116, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 1278-1292

  Moaveni, Daria M ^a   Birnbach, David J ^a   Ranasinghe, J Sudharma ^a   Yasin, Salih Y ^a  

^a JACKSON MEMORIAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FENTANYL; OPIATE; SUFENTANIL;

AMNION FLUID ANALYSIS; ANESTHESIST; EPIDURAL CATHETER; EXERCISE TEST; FETAL HEART MONITOR; FETUS ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; FETUS HEART RATE; FETUS MONITORING; HUMAN; HYPOTENSION; INTRAPARTUM CARE; LASER DOPPLER FLOWMETRY; OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA; OXYTOCIN TEST; PLACENTA INSUFFICIENCY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRENATAL CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULSE OXIMETRY; REVIEW; TEAMWORK; UTERUS CONTRACTION;

ADULT; AMNIOTIC FLUID; ANESTHESIA, OBSTETRICAL; ANESTHESIOLOGY; BLOOD FLOW VELOCITY; DELIVERY, OBSTETRIC; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; FETAL MONITORING; FETUS; HEART RATE, FETAL; HUMANS; PLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY; PREGNANCY; UMBILICAL ARTERIES;

EID: 84878396697     PISSN: 00032999     EISSN: 15267598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31828d33c5     Document Type: Review

References (80)

1. Davies JM, Posner KL, Lee LA, Cheney FW, Domino KB. Liability associated with obstetric anesthesia: a closed claims analysis. Anesthesiology 2009;110:131-9
2. Macones GA, Hankins GD, Spong CY, Hauth J, Moore T. The 2008 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development workshop report on electronic fetal monitoring: update on definitions, interpretation, and research guidelines. Obstet Gynecol 2008;112:661-6
3. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG practice bulletin no. 106: intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring: nomenclature, interpretation, and general management principles. Obstet Gynecol 2009;114:192-202
4. Birnbach DJ, Salas E. Can medical simulation and team training reduce errors in labor and delivery? Anesthesiol Clin 2008;26:159-68, viii (Pubitemid 351305505)
5. Baker DP, Day R, Salas E. Teamwork as an essential component of high-reliability organizations. Health Serv Res 2006;41:1576-98 (Pubitemid 44114583)
6. Nielsen PE, Goldman MB, Mann S, Shapiro DE, Marcus RG, Pratt SD, Greenberg P, McNamee P, Salisbury M, Birnbach DJ, Gluck PA, Pearlman MD, King H, Tornberg DN, Sachs BP. Effects of teamwork training on adverse outcomes and process of care in labor and delivery: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2007;109:48-55 (Pubitemid 46035509)
7. Pettker CM, Thung SF, Raab CA, Donohue KP, Copel JA, Lockwood CJ, Funai EF. A comprehensive obstetrics patient safety program improves safety climate and culture. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2011;204:216.e1-6
8. ACOG Practice Bulletin. Antepartum fetal surveillance. Number 9, October 1999 (replaces Technical Bulletin Number 188, January 1994). Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2000;68:175-85
9. Richards DS. Ultrasound for pregnancy dating, growth, and diagnosis of fetal malformations. In: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simposon JL, eds. Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone, 2007 (online version)
10. Devoe LD. Antenatal fetal assessment: contraction stress test, nonstress test, vibroacoustic stimulation, amniotic fluid volume, biophysical profile, and modified biophysical profile-an overview. Semin Perinatol 2008;32:247-52 (Pubitemid 352001326)
11. Druzin ML, Smith JF Jr., Gabbe SG, Reed KL. Antepartum fetal evaluation. In: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, eds. Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone, 2007 (online version)
12. Parer JT, King T, Flanders S, Fox M, Kilpatrick SJ. Fetal acidemia and electronic fetal heart rate patterns: is there evidence of an association? J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2006;19:289-94 (Pubitemid 43879995)
13. Devoe LD, Jones CR. Nonstress test: evidence-based use in high-risk pregnancy. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2002;45:986-92 (Pubitemid 35396991)
14. Freeman RK. The use of the oxytocin challenge test for antepartum clinical evaluation of uteroplacental respiratory function. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1975;121:481-9
15. Manning FA. Fetal biophysical profile. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1999;26:557-77, v
16. Manning FA. Fetal biophysical profile: a critical appraisal. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2002;45:975-85 (Pubitemid 35396990)
17. Vintzileos AM, Fleming AD, Scorza WE, Wolf EJ, Balducci J, Campbell WA, Rodis JF. Relationship between fetal biophysical activities and umbilical cord blood gas values. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1991;165:707-13
18. Manning FA, Snijders R, Harman CR, Nicolaides K, Menticoglou S, Morrison I. Fetal biophysical profile score. VI. Correlation with antepartum umbilical venous fetal pH. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993;169:755-63 (Pubitemid 23317503)
19. Manning FA, Harman CR, Morrison I, Menticoglou SM, Lange IR, Johnson JM. Fetal assessment based on fetal biophysical profile scoring. IV. An analysis of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990;162:703-9 (Pubitemid 20116323)
20. Karsdorp VH, van Vugt JM, van Geijn HP, Kostense PJ, Arduini D, Montenegro N, Todros T. Clinical significance of absent or reversed end diastolic velocity waveforms in umbilical artery. Lancet 1994;344:1664-8 (Pubitemid 24371096)
21. Westergaard HB, Langhoff-Roos J, Lingman G, Marsál K, Kreiner S. A critical appraisal of the use of umbilical artery Doppler ultrasound in high-risk pregnancies: use of meta-analyses in evidence-based obstetrics. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2001;17:466-76 (Pubitemid 32575094)
22. Alfirevic Z, Stampalija T, Gyte GM. Fetal and umbilical Doppler ultrasound in high-risk pregnancies. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010;1:CD007529
23. Maulik D, Mundy D, Heitmann E, Maulik D. Umbilical artery Doppler in the assessment of fetal growth restriction. Clin Perinatol 2011;38:65-82, vi
24. Maulik D, Yarlagadda P, Youngblood JP, Ciston P. The diagnostic efficacy of the umbilical arterial systolic/diastolic ratio as a screening tool: a prospective blinded study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990;162:1518-23
25. Zwecker P, Azoulay L, Abenhaim HA. Effect of fear of litigation on obstetric care: a nationwide analysis on obstetric practice. Am J Perinatol 2011;28:277-84
26. Umstad MP. The predictive value of abnormal fetal heart rate patterns in early labour. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 1993;33:145-9 (Pubitemid 23161995)
27. Alfirevic Z, Devane D, Gyte GM. Continuous cardiotocography (CTG) as a form of electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) for fetal assessment during labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;3:CD006066
28. Wilmink FA, Wilms FF, Heydanus R, Mol BW, Papatsonis DN. Fetal complications after placement of an intrauterine pressure catheter: a report of two cases and review of the literature. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2008;21:880-3
29. Coletta J, Murphy E, Rubeo Z, Gyamfi-Bannerman C. The 5-tier system of assessing fetal heart rate tracings is superior to the 3-tier system in identifying fetal acidemia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2012;206:226.e1-5
30. Parer JT, Ikeda T. A framework for standardized management of intrapartum fetal heart rate patterns. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2007;197:26.e1-6
31. Elliott C, Warrick PA, Graham E, Hamilton EF. Graded classification of fetal heart rate tracings: association with neonatal metabolic acidosis and neurologic morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010;202:258.e1-8
32. Katsuragi S, Ikeda T, Noda S, Onishi J, Ikenoue T, Parer JT. Immediate newborn outcome and mode of delivery: use of standardized fetal heart rate pattern management. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2013;26:71-4
33. Elimian A, Figueroa R, Tejani N. Intrapartum assessment of fetal well-being: a comparison of scalp stimulation with scalp blood pH sampling. Obstet Gynecol 1997;89:373-6 (Pubitemid 27086091)
34. Rathore AM, Ramji S, Devi CB, Saini S, Manaktala U, Batra S. Fetal scalp stimulation test: an adjunct to intermittent auscultation in non-reassuring fetal status during labor. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2011;37:819-24
35. Lin CC, Vassallo B, Mittendorf R. Is intrapartum vibroacoustic stimulation an effective predictor of fetal acidosis? J Perinat Med 2001;29:506-12 (Pubitemid 33130995)
36. Skupski DW, Rosenberg CR, Eglinton GS. Intrapartum fetal stimulation tests: a meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol 2002;99:129-34 (Pubitemid 34081180)
37. Amer-Wahlin I, Arulkumaran S, Hagberg H, Marsál K, Visser GH. Fetal electrocardiogram: ST waveform analysis in intrapartum surveillance. BJOG 2007;114:1191-3 (Pubitemid 47414975)
38. Amer-Wåhlin I, Maršál K. ST analysis of fetal electrocardiography in labor. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2011;16:29-35
39. Amer-Wåhlin I, Hellsten C, Norén H, Hagberg H, Herbst A, Kjellmer I, Lilja H, Lindoff C, Månsson M, Mårtensson L, Olofsson P, Sundström A, Marsál K. Cardiotocography only versus cardiotocography plus ST analysis of fetal electrocardiogram for intrapartum fetal monitoring: a Swedish randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2001;358:534-8 (Pubitemid 32772728)
40. Kazmi T, Radfer F, Khan S. ST Analysis of the fetal ECG, as an adjunct to fetal heart rate monitoring in labour: a review. Oman Med J 2011;26:459-60
41. Valverde M, Puertas AM, Lopez-Gallego MF, Carrillo MP, Aguilar MT, Montoya F. Effectiveness of pulse oximetry versus fetal electrocardiography for the intrapartum evaluation of nonreassuring fetal heart rate. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2011;159:333-7
42. Neilson JP. Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) for fetal monitoring during labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;4:CD000116
43. Pedersen T, Møller AM, Hovhannisyan K. Pulse oximetry for perioperative monitoring. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009;4:CD002013
44. Moller JT, Johannessen NW, Espersen K, Ravlo O, Pedersen BD, Jensen PF, Rasmussen NH, Rasmussen LS, Pedersen T, Cooper JB. Randomized evaluation of pulse oximetry in 20,802 patients: II. Perioperative events and postoperative complications. Anesthesiology 1993;78:445-53 (Pubitemid 23090478)
45. Dildy GA. Fetal pulse oximetry. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2011;54:66-73
46. East CE, Colditz PB. Clinicians' perceptions of placing a fetal oximetry sensor. J Qual Clin Pract 2000;20:161-3 (Pubitemid 32170782)
47. Nonnenmacher A, Hopp H, Dudenhausen J. Predictive value of pulse oximetry for the development of fetal acidosis. J Perinat Med 2010;38:83-6
48. Kühnert M, Schmidt S. Intrapartum management of nonreassuring fetal heart rate patterns: a randomized controlled trial of fetal pulse oximetry. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004;191:1989-95 (Pubitemid 39601503)
49. East CE, Chan FY, Colditz PB, Begg LM. Fetal pulse oximetry for fetal assessment in labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007;2:CD004075
50. Bloom SL, Spong CY, Thom E, Varner MW, Rouse DJ, Weininger S, Ramin SM, Caritis SN, Peaceman A, Sorokin Y, Sciscione A, Carpenter M, Mercer B, Thorp J, Malone F, Harper M, Iams J, Anderson G; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. Fetal pulse oximetry and cesarean delivery. N Engl J Med 2006;355:2195-202 (Pubitemid 44791161)
51. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee on Obstetric Practice. ACOG Committee Opinion. Number 258, September 2001. Fetal pulse oximetry. Obstet Gynecol 2001;98:523-4
52. Goldszmidt E. Principles and practices of obstetric airway management. Anesthesiol Clin 2008;26:109-25, vii
53. Tao W, Edwards JT, Tu F, Xie Y, Sharma SK. Incidence of unanticipated difficult airway in obstetric patients in a teaching institution. J Anesth 2012;26:339-45
54. Douglas MJ, Preston RL. The obstetric airway: things are seldom as they seem. Can J Anaesth 2011;58:494-8
55. Hawkins JL, Chang J, Palmer SK, Gibbs CP, Callaghan WM. Anesthesia-related maternal mortality in the United States: 1979-2002. Obstet Gynecol 2011;117:69-74
56. American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Obstetric Anesthesia. Practice guidelines for obstetric anesthesia: an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Obstetric Anesthesia. Anesthesiology 2007;106:843-63
57. Abrão KC, Francisco RP, Miyadahira S, Cicarelli DD, Zugaib M. Elevation of uterine basal tone and fetal heart rate abnormalities after labor analgesia: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2009;113:41-7
58. Clarke VT, Smiley RM, Finster M. Uterine hyperactivity after intrathecal injection of fentanyl for analgesia during labor: a cause of fetal bradycardia? Anesthesiology 1994;81:1083 (Pubitemid 24332645)
59. Mardirosoff C, Dumont L, Boulvain M, Tramèr MR. Fetal bradycardia due to intrathecal opioids for labour analgesia: a systematic review. BJOG 2002;109:274-81 (Pubitemid 37329301)
60. Van de Velde M, Vercauteren M, Vandermeersch E. Fetal heart rate abnormalities after regional analgesia for labor pain: the effect of intrathecal opioids. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2001;26:257-62 (Pubitemid 32476587)
61. Van de Velde M, Teunkens A, Hanssens M, Vandermeersch E, Verhaeghe J. Intrathecal sufentanil and fetal heart rate abnormalities: A double-blind, double placebo-controlled trial comparing two forms of combined spinal epidural analgesia with epidural analgesia in labor. Anesth Analg 2004;98:1153-9 (Pubitemid 38405438)
62. Van de Velde M. Neuraxial analgesia and fetal bradycardia. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2005;18:253-6 (Pubitemid 40806677)
63. Wong CA, Scavone BM, Slavenas JP, Vidovich MI, Peaceman AM, Ganchiff JN, Strauss-Hoder T, McCarthy RJ. Efficacy and side effect profile of varying doses of intrathecal fentanyl added to bupivacaine for labor analgesia. Int J Obstet Anesth 2004;13:19-24 (Pubitemid 38083924)
64. Wong CA, Scavone BM, Loffredi M, Wang WY, Peaceman AM, Ganchiff JN. The dose-response of intrathecal sufentanil added to bupivacaine for labor analgesia. Anesthesiology 2000;92:1553-8 (Pubitemid 30412472)
65. Littleford J. Effects on the fetus and newborn of maternal analgesia and anesthesia: a review. Can J Anaesth 2004;51:586-609 (Pubitemid 38867926)
66. Mueller MD, Brühwiler H, Schüpfer GK, Lüscher KP. Higher rate of fetal acidemia after regional anesthesia for elective cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol 1997;90:131-4 (Pubitemid 27272969)
67. Maayan-Metzger A, Schushan-Eisen I, Todris L, Etchin A, Kuint J. Maternal hypotension during elective cesarean section and shortterm neonatal outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010;202:56.e1-5
68. Ross MG, Gala R. Use of umbilical artery base excess: algorithm for the timing of hypoxic injury. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;187:1-9 (Pubitemid 34800293)
69. Cooper DW, Carpenter M, Mowbray P, Desira WR, Ryall DM, Kokri MS. Fetal and maternal effects of phenylephrine and ephedrine during spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Anesthesiology 2002;97:1582-90 (Pubitemid 35417460)
70. Lee A, Ngan Kee WD, Gin T. A quantitative, systematic review of randomized controlled trials of ephedrine versus phenylephrine for the management of hypotension during spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Anesth Analg 2002;94:920-6 (Pubitemid 34263741)
71. Saravanan S, Kocarev M, Wilson RC, Watkins E, Columb MO, Lyons G. Equivalent dose of ephedrine and phenylephrine in the prevention of post-spinal hypotension in Caesarean section. Br J Anaesth 2006;96:95-9 (Pubitemid 43124538)
72. Ngan Kee WD, Khaw KS, Tan PE, Ng FF, Karmakar MK. Placental transfer and fetal metabolic effects of phenylephrine and ephedrine during spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Anesthesiology 2009;111:506-12
73. Veeser M, Hofmann T, Roth R, Klöhr S, Rossaint R, Heesen M. Vasopressors for the management of hypotension after spinal anesthesia for elective caesarean section. Systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2012;56:810-6
74. Cooper DW, Sharma S, Orakkan P, Gurung S. Retrospective study of association between choice of vasopressor given during spinal anaesthesia for high-risk caesarean delivery and fetal pH. Int J Obstet Anesth 2010;19:44-9
75. Farcon EL, Kim MH, Marx GF. Changing Mallampati score during labour. Can J Anaesth 1994;41:50-1 (Pubitemid 24039731)
76. Kodali BS, Chandrasekhar S, Bulich LN, Topulos GP, Datta S. Airway changes during labor and delivery. Anesthesiology 2008;108:357-62 (Pubitemid 351304228)
77. Harris KT, Treanor CM, Salisbury ML. Improving patient safety with team coordination: challenges and strategies of implementation. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2006;35:557-66 (Pubitemid 44874953)
78. Grunebaum A, Chervenak F, Skupski D. Effect of a comprehensive obstetric patient safety program on compensation payments and sentinel events. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2011;204:97-105
79. Pettker CM, Thung SF, Norwitz ER, Buhimschi CS, Raab CA, Copel JA, Kuczynski E, Lockwood CJ, Funai EF. Impact of a comprehensive patient safety strategy on obstetric adverse events. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009;200:492.e1-8
80. Lee AJ, Ranasinghe JS, Chehade JM, Arheart K, Saltzman BS, Penning DH, Birnbach DJ. Ultrasound assessment of the vertebral level of the intercristal line in pregnancy. Anesth Analg 2011;113:559-64