No evidence of hypoglycemia or hypotension in older adults during 6 months of flax lignan supplementation in a randomized controlled trial: A safety evaluation

Pharmaceutical Biology

Volumn 51, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 778-782

  Billinsky, Jennifer ^a   Glew, Riley A ^a   Cornish, Stephen M ^b   Whiting, Susan J ^a   Thorpe, Lilian U ^c   Alcorn, Jane ^a   Paus Jenssen, Lisa ^c   Hadjistavropoulos, Thomas ^d   Chilibeck, Philip D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LETHBRIDGE   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN   (Canada)

^d UNIVERSITY OF REGINA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Blood glucose; Blood pressure; Flaxseed lignan; Supplement

Indexed keywords

GLUCOSE; LIGNAN; PLACEBO; PLANT MEDICINAL PRODUCT; SECOISOLARICIRESINOL DIGLUCOSIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; BODY MASS; COMMUNITY LIVING; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG SAFETY; FEMALE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; HYPOGLYCEMIA; HYPOTENSION; LINSEED; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEX DIFFERENCE; SUPPLEMENTATION; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; TREATMENT DURATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; WALKING;

AGE FACTORS; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BLOOD GLUCOSE; BLOOD PRESSURE; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; FEMALE; FLAX; HUMANS; HYPOGLYCEMIA; HYPOTENSION; LIGNANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NO-OBSERVED-ADVERSE-EFFECT LEVEL;

EID: 84877834645     PISSN: 13880209     EISSN: 17445116     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.766220     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Adlercreutz H, van der WJ, Kinzel J, et al. (1995). Lignan and isoflavonoid conjugates in human urine. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 52:97-103.
2. Adolphe JL, Whiting SJ, Juurlink BH, et al. (2010). Health effects with consumption of the flax lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside. Br J Nutr 103:929-38.
3. Aspinall SL, Zhao X, Good CB, et al. (2011). Intervention to decrease glyburide use in elderly patients with renal insufficiency. Am J Geriatr Pharmacother 9:58-68.
4. Bloedon LT, Balikai S, Chittams J, et al. (2008). Flaxseed and cardiovascular risk factors: Results from a double blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. J Am Coll Nutr 27:65-74. (Pubitemid 351600524)
5. Buck K, Zaineddin AK, Vrieling A, et al. (2010). Meta-analyses of lignans and enterolignans in relation to breast cancer risk. Am J Clin Nutr 92:141-53.
6. Carreau C, Flouriot G, Bennetau-Pelissero C, Potier M. (2008). Enterodiol and enterolactone, two major diet-derived polyphenol metabolites have different impact on ERalpha transcriptional activation in human breast cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 110:176-85.
7. Cornish SM, Chilibeck PD, Paus-Jennsen L, et al. (2009). A randomized controlled trial of the effects of flaxseed lignan complex on metabolic syndrome composite score and bone mineral in older adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 34:89-98.
8. Dean B, Chang S, Doss GA, et al. (2004). Glucuronidation, oxidative metabolism, and bioactivation of enterolactone in Rhesus monkeys. Arch Biochem Biophys 429:244-51. (Pubitemid 39093832)
9. Demark-Wahnefried W, Polascik TJ, George SL, et al. (2008). Flaxseed supplementation (not dietary fat restriction) reduces prostate cancer proliferation rates in men presurgery. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 17:3577-87.
10. Franklin SS, Gustin W, Wong ND, et al. (1997). Hemodynamic patterns of age-related changes in blood pressure. The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 96:308-15. (Pubitemid 27298437)
11. Fravel MA, McDanel DL, Ross MB, et al. (2011). Special considerations for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly. Am J Health Syst Pharm 68:500-9.
12. Hallund J, Tetens I, Bugel S, et al. (2008). The effect of a lignan complex isolated from flaxseed on inflammation markers in healthy postmenopausal women. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 18:497-502.
13. Hu C, Yuan YV, Kitts DD. (2007). Antioxidant activities of the flaxseed lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, its aglycone secoisolariciresinol and the mammalian lignans enterodiol and enterolactone in vitro. Food Chem Toxicol 45:2219-27. (Pubitemid 47451575)
14. Jenab M, Thompson LU. (1996). The influence of flaxseed and lignans on colon carcinogenesis and beta-glucuronidase activity. Carcinogenesis 17:1343-8. (Pubitemid 26197669)
15. Juurlink BH. (2001). Therapeutic potential of dietary phase 2 enzyme inducers in ameliorating diseases that have an underlying inflammatory component. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 79:266-82. (Pubitemid 32289666)
16. Kitts DD, Yuan YV, Wijewickreme AN, Thompson LU. (1999). Antioxidant activity of the flaxseed lignan secoisolariciresinol diglycoside and its mammalian lignan metabolites enterodiol and enterolactone. Mol Cell Biochem 202:91-100. (Pubitemid 30099742)
17. Lucas EA, Wild RD, Hammond LJ, et al. (2002). Flaxseed improves lipid profile without altering biomarkers of bone metabolism in postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:1527-32. (Pubitemid 34615233)
18. Mangoni AA, Jackson SH. (2004). Age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: Basic principles and practical applications. Br J Clin Pharmacol 57:6-14. (Pubitemid 38067945)
19. Pan A, Sun J, Chen Y, et al. (2007). Effects of a flaxseed-derived lignan supplement in type 2 diabetic patients: A randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial. PLoS One 2:e1148, 1-7.
20. Penttinen P, Jaehrling J, Damdimopoulos AE, et al. (2007). Diet-derived polyphenol metabolite enterolactone is a tissue-specific estrogen receptor activator. Endocrinology 148:4875-86. (Pubitemid 47481543)
21. Penttinen-Damdimopoulou PE, Power KA, Hurmerinta TT, et al. (2009). Dietary sources of lignans and isoflavones modulate responses to estradiol in estrogen reporter mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 53:996-1006.
22. Prasad K. (2000). Antioxidant activity of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside-derived metabolites, secoisolariciresinol, enterodiol, and enterolactone. Int J Angiol 9:220-5.
23. Skoff RA, Waterbury NV, Shaw RF, et al. (2011). Glycemic control and hypoglycemia in Veterans Health Administration patients converted from glyburide to glipizide. J Manag Care Pharm 17:664-71.
24. Wang W, Liu LQ, Higuchi CM, Chen H. (1998). Induction of NADPH: quinone reductase by dietary phytoestrogens in colonic Colo205 cells. Biochem Pharmacol 56:189-95. (Pubitemid 28479826)
25. Westcott, ND, Muir, AD, Lafond G, et al. (2002). Factors affecting the concentration of a nutraceutical lignan in flax seed. In: Bruulsema TW, ed. Proceedings of the Symposium on Fertilizing Crops for Functional Food, November 11, 2002, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Norcross, GA: Potash & Phosphate Institute/Potash & Phosphate Institute of Canada (PPI/PPIC), Chapter 4. Symposium sponsored by American Society of Agonomy, Soil Science Society of America, Crop Science Society of America, and PPI/PPIC.
26. Whiting SJ. (2010). Oxidative stress and nutritional supplementation intervention study (oxi-Stress). Available from: http://clinicaltrials. gov/ct2/show/NCT01234506 [last accessed 16 Nov 2012].
27. Zhang W, Wang X, Liu Y, et al. (2008). Dietary flaxseed lignan extract lowers plasma cholesterol and glucose concentrations in hypercholesterolaemic subjects. Br J Nutr 99:1301-9.