In situ raman studies of electrically reduced graphene oxide and its field-emission properties

Journal of Physical Chemistry C

Volumn 117, Issue 10, 2013, Pages 5485-5491

  Sahoo, Satyaprakash ^a   Khurana, Geetika ^a   Barik, Sujit K ^a   Dussan, S ^a   Barrionuevo, D ^a   Katiyar, Ram S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO   (Puerto Rico)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FIELD-EMISSION PROPERTIES; GRAPHENE OXIDES; REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDES; SITU RAMAN; TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT; TURN-ON FIELD;

ELECTRIC FIELDS; GRAPHENE; RAMAN SCATTERING;

ELECTRIC PROPERTIES;

EID: 84875193490     PISSN: 19327447     EISSN: 19327455     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp400573w     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Novoselov, K. S; Geim, A. K; Morozov, S. V.; Jiang, D.; Zhang, Y.; Dubonos, S. V.; Grigorieva, I. V; Firsov, A. A. Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films Science 2004, 306, 666-669
2. Zhang, Y.; Tan, Y. W; Stormer, H. L; Kim, P. Experimental Observation of the Quantum Hall Effect and Berry's Phase in Graphene Nature 2005, 438, 201-204
3. Novoselov, K. S; Jiang, Z.; Zhang, Y.; Morozov, S. V; Stormer, H. L; Zeitler, U.; Maan, J. C; Boebinger, G. S; Kim, P.; Geim, A. K. Room-Temperature Quantum Hall Effect in Graphene Science 2007, 315, 1377-1378
4. Geim, A. K; Novoselov, K. S. The Rise of Graphene Nat. Mater. 2007, 6, 183-191
5. Balandin, A. A; Ghosh, S.; Bao, W.; Calizo, I.; Teweldebrhan, D.; Miao, F.; Lau, C. N. Superior Thermal Conductivity of Single-Layer Graphene Nano Lett. 2008, 8, 902-907
6. Mecklenburg, M.; Schuchardt, A.; Mishra, Y. K; Kaps, S.; Adelung, R.; Lotnyk, A.; Kienle, L.; Schulte, K. Aerographite: Ultra Lightweight, Flexible Nanowall, Carbon Microtube Material with Outstanding Mechanical Performance Adv. Mater. 2012, 24, 3486-3490
7. Berciaud, S.; Ryu, S.; Brus, L. E; Heinz, T. F. Probing the Intrinsic Properties of Exfoliated Graphene: Raman Spectroscopy of Free-Standing Monolayers Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 346-352
8. Sahoo, S.; Palai, R.; Katiyar, R. S. Polarized Raman scattering in monolayer, bilayer, and suspended bilayer graphene J. Appl. Phys. 2011, 110, 044320-044324
9. An, X.; Liu, F.; Jung, Y. J; Kar, S. Large-Area Synthesis of Graphene on Palladium and Their Raman Spectroscopy J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 16412-16420
10. Dikin, D. A; Stankovich, S.; Zimney, E. J; Piner, R. D; Geoffrey, H.; Dommett, B.; Evmenenko, G.; Nguyen, S. T; Ruoff, R. S. Preparation and Characterization of Graphene Oxide Paper Nature 2007, 448, 457-460
11. Liu, J.; Wang, R.; Cui, L.; Tang, J.; Liu, Z.; Kong, Q.; Yang, W.; Gooding, J. Using Molecular Level Modification To Tune the Conductivity of Graphene Papers J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 17939-17946
12. Park, S.; An, J.; Potts, J. R; Velamakanni, A.; Murali, S.; Ruoff, R. S. Hydrazine-Reduction of Graphite- and Graphene Oxide Carbon 2011, 49, 3019-3023
13. Wakeland, S.; Martinez, R.; Grey, J. K; Luhrs, C. C. Production of Graphene From Graphite Oxide Using Urea as Expansion-Reduction Agent Carbon 2010, 48, 3463-3470
14. Akhavan, O. The Effect of Heat Treatment on Formation of Graphene Thin Films from Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Carbon 2010, 48, 509-519
15. Moon, I. K; Lee, J.; Ruoff, R. S; Lee, H. Reduced Graphene Oxide by Chemical Graphitization Nat. Commun. 2010, 1, 1
16. Jung, I.; Vaupel, M.; Pelton, M.; Piner, R.; Dikin, D. A; Stankovich, S.; An, J.; Ruoff, R. S. Characterization of Thermally Reduced Graphene Oxide by Imaging Ellipsometry J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 8499-8506
17. Wang, X.; Zhi, L.; Müllen, K. Transparent, Conductive Graphene Electrodes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Nano Lett. 2008, 8, 323-327
18. Guo, Y.; Wu, B.; Liu, H.; Ma, Y.; Yang, Y.; Zheng, J.; Yu, G.; Liu, Y. Electrical Assembly and Reduction of Graphene Oxide in a Single Solution Step for Use in Flexible Sensors Adv. Mater. 2011, 23, 4626-4630
19. Panin, G. N; Kapitanova, O. O; Lee, S. W; Baranov, A. N; Kang, T. W. Resistive Switching in Al/Graphene Oxide/Al Structure Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2011, 50, 070110-1-070110-5
20. Hummers, W. S; Offeman, R. E. Preparation of Graphitic Oxide J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 1339-1339
21. Ferrari, A. C; Meyer, J. C; Scardaci, V.; Casiraghi, C.; Lazzeri, M.; Mauri, F.; Piscanec, S.; Jiang, D.; Novoselov, K. S; Roth, S. Raman Spectrum of Graphene and Graphene Layers Phys. Rev. Lett. 2006, 97, 187401-1-187401-4
22. Malarda, L. M; Pimentaa, M. A; Dresselhaus, G.; Dresselhaus, M. S. Raman Spectroscopy in Graphene Phys. Reports 2009, 473, 51-87
23. Castro, N. A. H; Guinea, F. Electron-Phonon Coupling and Raman Spectroscopy in Graphene Phys. Rev. B 2007, 75, 045404-1-045404-8
24. Dresselhaus, M. S; Dresselhaus, G.; Eklund, P. C. Raman Scattering in Fullerenes J. Raman Spectrosc. 1996, 27, 351-371
25. Kalbac, M.; Kong, J.; Dresselhaus, M. S. Raman Spectroscopy as a Tool to Address Individual Graphene Layers in Few-Layer Graphene J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 19046-19050
26. Ramesha, G. K; Sampath, S. Electrochemical Reduction of Oriented Graphene Oxide Films: An in Situ Raman Spectroelectrochemical Study J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113, 7985-7989
27. Stankovich, S.; Dikin, D. A.; Piner, R. D; Kohlhaas, K. A; Kleinhammes, A.; Jia, Y.; Wu, Y.; Nguyen, S. T; Ruoff, R. S. Synthesis of Graphene-Based Nanosheets via Chemical Reduction of Exfoliated Graphite Oxide Carbon 2007, 45, 1558-1565
28. Tung, V. C; Allen, M. J; Yang, Y.; Kaner, R. B. High-Throughput Solution Processing of Large-Scale Graphene Nat. Nanotechnol. 2009, 4, 25-29
29. Fowler, R. H; Nordheim, L. W. Electron Emission in Intense Electric Fields Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 1928, 119, 173-181
30. Heer, W. A; Chatelain, A.; Ugarte, D. A. A Carbon Nanotube Field-Emission Electron Source Science 1995, 270, 1179-1180
31. Vayssieres, L. Growth of Arrayed Nanorods and Nanowires of ZnO from Aqueous Solutions Adv. Mater. 2003, 15, 464-466
32. Verma, V. P; Das, S.; Lahiri, I.; Choi, W. Large-Area Graphene on Polymer Film for Flexible and Transparent Anode in Field Emission Device Appl. Phys. Lett. 2010, 96, 203108-203110
33. Liu, B. D; Bando, Y.; Tang, C. C; Xu, F. F; Golberg, D. Excellent Field-Emission Properties of P-Doped GaN Nanowires J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 21521-21524
34. Yamaguchi, H.; Murakami, K.; Eda, G.; Fujita, T.; Guan, P.; Wang, W.; Gong, C.; Boisse, J.; Miller, S.; Acik, M. Field Emission from Atomically Thin Edges of Reduced Graphene Oxide ACS Nano 2011, 5, 4945-4952
35. Jang, E. Y; Gonzalez, J. C; Choi, A.; Kim, W. J; Kozlov, M. E; Kim, T.; Kang, T. J; Baek, S. J; Kim, D. W; Park, Y. W Fibers of Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanoribbons Nanotechnology 2012, 23, 235601-8
36. Lee, D. H; Lee, J. A; Lee, W. J; Choi, D. S; Lee, W. J; Kim, S. O. Facile Fabrication and Field Emission of Metal-Particle-Decorated Vertical N-Doped Carbon Nanotube/Graphene Hybrid Films J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 21184-21189
37. Liu, N.; Fang, G.; Zeng, W.; Zhou, H.; Long, H.; Zhao, X. Enhanced Field Emission from Three-Dimensional Patterned Carbon Nanotube Arrays Grown on Flexible Carbon Cloth J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 3478-3484
38. Collins, P. G; Zettl, A. A Simple and Robust Electron Beam Source from Carbon Nanotubes Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 69, 1969-1971
39. Calderon-Colon, X.; Geng, H.; Gao, B.; An, L.; Cao, G.; Zhou, O. A Carbon Nanotube Field Emission Cathode with High Current Density and Long-Term Stability Nanotechnology 2009, 20, 325707-1-325707-5