Women on display: The effect of portraying the self online on women's self-objectification

Computers in Human Behavior

Volumn 29, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 1483-1489

  De Vries, Dian A ^a   Peter, Jochen ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Objectification; Online self portrayal; Self objectification; Social network sites

Indexed keywords

INTERNET ACTIVITY; OBJECTIFICATION; ON-LINE EXPERIMENTS; ONLINE AUDIENCE; ONLINE SELF-PORTRAYAL; POTENTIAL IMPACTS; SELF-OBJECTIFICATION; SOCIAL NETWORK SITES;

BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH; BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING; HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION;

SOCIAL NETWORKING (ONLINE);

EID: 84874904779     PISSN: 07475632     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2013.01.015     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. American Psychological Association, Task force on the sexualization of girls (2007). Report of the APA Task Force on the Sexualization of girls. < http://www.psych.yorku.ca/leeat/3480/documents/SexualizationofWomentaskforce. pdf >.
2. J.S. Aubrey Effects of sexually objectifying media on self-objectification and body surveillance in undergraduates: Results of a 2-year panel study Journal of Communication 56 2006 366 386 10.1111/j.1460-2466. 2006.00024.x
3. J.S. Aubrey Exposure to sexually objectifying media and body self-perceptions among college women: An examination of the selective exposure hypothesis and the role of moderating variables Sex Roles 55 2006 159 172 10.1007/s11199-006-9070-7 (Pubitemid 44893032)
4. J.S. Aubrey Looking good versus feeling good: An investigation of media frames of health advice and their effects on women's body-related self-perceptions Sex Roles 63 2010 50 63 10.1007/s11199-010-9768-4
5. J.S. Aubrey, J.R. Henson, K.M. Hopper, and S.E. Smith A picture is worth twenty words (about the self): Testing the priming influence of visual sexual objectification on women's self-objectification Communication Research Reports 26 2009 271 284 10.1080/08824090903293551
6. danah boyd Why youth (heart) social network sites: The role of networked publics in teenage social life D. Buckingham, MacArthur foundation series on digital learning - youth, identity, and digital media volume 2008 MIT Press Cambridge, MA 119 142 < http://www.danah.org/papers/WhyYouthHeart.pdf >
7. R.M. Calogero A test of objectification theory: The effect of the male gaze on appearance concerns in college women Psychology of Women Quarterly 28 2004 16 21 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2004.00118.x (Pubitemid 38483717)
8. R.M. Calogero Operationalizing self-objectification: Assessment and related methodological issues S. Tantleff-Dunn, R.M. Calogero, J.K. Thompson, Self-objectification in women: Causes, consequences, and counteractions 2011 American Psychological Association Washington, DC, US 23 49 10.1037/12304-002
9. R.M. Calogero, S. Tantleff-Dunn, and J.K. Thompson Objectification theory: An introduction S. Tantleff-Dunn, R.M. Calogero, J.K. Thompson, Self-objectification in women: Causes, consequences, and counteractions 2011 American Psychological Association Washington, DC, US 3 21 10.1037/12304-001
10. M. Castells Communication power and counter power in the network society International Journal of Communication 1 2007 238 266 http://dx.doi.org/1932- 8036/20070238
11. J. Cohen A power primer Psychological Bulletin 112 1992 155 159 10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
12. P. DiMaggio, E. Hargittai, W.R. Neuman, and J.P. Robinson Social implications of the Internet Annual Review of Sociology 27 2001 307 336 10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.307 (Pubitemid 33342716)
13. J.R. Dominick Who do you think you are? Personal home pages and self-presentation on the world wide web Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 76 1999 646 658 10.1177/107769909907600403
14. B.L. Fredrickson, and T. Roberts Objectification theory: Towards understanding women's lived experiences and mental health risks Psychology of Women Quarterly 21 1997 173 206 10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00108.x
15. B.L. Fredrickson, T.A. Roberts, S.M. Noll, D.M. Quinn, and J.M. Twenge That swimsuit becomes you: Sex differences in self-objectification, restrained eating, and math performance Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 75 1998 269 284 10.1037/0022-3514.75.1.269 (Pubitemid 128452436)
16. S. Grabe, L.M. Ward, and J.S. Hyde Role of the media in body image concerns among women: A meta-analysis of experimental and correlational studies Psychological Bulletin 134 2008 460 476 10.1037/0033-2909.134.3.460
17. E. Halliwell, and H. Dittmar Does size matter? The impact of models body size on advertising effectiveness and women's body-focused anxiety Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 23 2004 104 122 10.1521/jscp. 23.1.104.26989 (Pubitemid 38361629)
18. B. Harper, and M. Tiggemann The effect of thin ideal media images on women's self-objectification, mood, and body image Sex Roles 58 2008 649 657 10.1007/s11199-007-9379-x
19. W.C. Jacobsen, and R. Forste The wired generation: Academic and social outcomes of electronic media use among university students Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking 14 2011 275 280 10.1089/cyber.2010.0135
20. N.C. Krämer, and S. Winter Impression management 2.0: The relationship of self-esteem, extraversion, self-efficacy, and self-presentation within social networking sites Journal of Media Psychology 20 2008 106 116 10.1027/1864-1105.20.3.106
21. J.R. Landis, and G.G. Koch The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data Biometrics 33 1977 159 174 10.2307/2529310 (Pubitemid 8054849)
22. M.R. Leary, and R.M. Kowalski Impression management: A literature review and two-component model Psychological Bulletin 107 1990 34 47 10.1037/0033-2909.107.1.34
23. A. Lenhart, K. Purcell, A. Smith, and K. Zickuhr Social media and mobile Internet use among teens and young adults 2010 Pew Internet & American Life Project Washington, DC < http://www.web.pewinternet.org/~/media/Files/ Reports/2010/PIP-Social-Media-and-Young-Adults-Report-Final-with-toplines.pdf >
24. A.M. Manago, M.B. Graham, P.M. Greenfield, and G. Salimkhan Self-presentation and gender on MySpace Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 29 2008 446 458 10.1016/j.appdev.2008.07.001
25. B. Moradi, and Y. Huang Objectification theory and psychology of women: A decade of advances and future directions Psychology of Women Quarterly 32 2008 377 398 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2008.00452.x
26. B. Moradi Addressing gender and cultural diversity in body image: Objectification theory as a framework for integrating theories and grounding research Sex Roles 63 2010 138 148 10.1007/s11199-010-9824-0
27. M.M. Morry, and S.L. Staska Magazine exposure: Internalization, self-objectification, eating attitudes, and body satisfaction in male and female university students Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science 33 2001 269 279 10.1037/h0087148
28. T.A. Pempek, Y.A. Yermolayeva, and S.L. Calvert College students' social networking experiences on Facebook Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 30 2009 227 238 10.1016/j.appdev.2008.12.010
29. T. Reichert, J. Lambiase, S. Morgan, M. Carstarphen, and S. Zavoina Cheesecake and beefcake: No matter how you slice it, sexual explicitness in advertising continues to increase Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 76 1999 7 20 10.1177/107769909907600102
30. U.D. Reips The web experiment method: Advantages, disadvantages, and solutions M.H. Birnbaum, Psychological experiments on the Internet 2000 Academic Press San Diego, CA 89 117 < http://www.iscience.deusto.es/archive/reips/ papers/Reips2000PsychExp.pdf >
31. J. Ringrose Are you sexy, flirty or a slut? Exploring 'sexualization' and how teen girls perform/negotiate digital sexual identity on social networking sites R. Gill, & C. Scharff, New femininities: Postfeminism, neoliberalism and subjectivity 2011 Palgrave London 99 116 < http://www.58.192.114.227/ humanities/sociology/htmledit/uploadfile/system/20110629/20110629182715425. pdf#page=122 >
32. D.R. Roskos-Ewoldsen, B. Roskos-Ewoldsen, and F.D. Carpentier Media priming: An updated synthesis J. Bryant, M.B. Oliver, Media effects: Advances in theory and research 2009 Routledge New York 74 93
33. B.R. Schlenker, and B.A. Pontari The strategic control of information: Impression management and self-presentation in daily life A. Tesser, R.B. Felson, J.M. Suls, Psychological perspectives on self and identity 1st ed. 2000 American Psychological Association Washington, DC 199 232 http://dx.doi.org/10. 1037/10357-008
34. B.R. Schlenker, D.W. Dlugolecki, and K. Doherty The impact of self-presentations on self-appraisals and behavior: The power of public commitment Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 20 1994 20 33 10.1177/0146167294201002
35. A. Siibak Constructing the self through the photo selection - visual impression management on social networking websites Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace 3 2009 1 9 < http://www.cyberpsychology. eu/view.php?cisloclanku=2009061501&article=1 >
36. J.K. Swim, L.L. Hyers, L.L. Cohen, and M.J. Ferguson Everyday sexism: Evidence for its incidence, nature, and psychological impact from three daily diary studies Journal of Social Issues 57 2001 31 53 10.1111/0022-4537.00200 (Pubitemid 32456060)
37. M. Tiggemann Mental health risks of self-objectification: A review of the empirical evidence for disordered eating, depressed mood, and sexual dysfunction S. Tantleff-Dunn, J.K. Thompson, R.M. Calogero, Self-objectification in women: Causes, consequences, and counteractions 2011 American Psychological Association Washington, DC, US 139 159
38. P.M. Valkenburg, and J. Peter Online communication among adolescents: An integrated model of its attraction, opportunities, and risks Journal of Adolescent Health 48 2011 121 127 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.08.020
39. L. Vandenbosch, and S. Eggermont Understanding sexual objectification: A comprehensive approach toward media exposure and girls' internalization of beauty ideals, self-objectification, and body surveillance Journal of Communication 62 2012 869 887 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01667.x
40. J.B. Walther Computer-mediated communication: Impersonal, interpersonal, and hyperpersonal interaction Communication Research 23 1996 3 43 10.1177/009365096023001001
41. S.S. Wang, S. Moon, K.H. Kwon, C.A. Evans, and M.A. Stefanone Face off: Implications of visual cues on initiating friendship on Facebook Computers in Human Behavior 26 2010 226 234 10.1016/j.chb.2009.10.001
42. B. Zhong, M. Hardin, and T. Sun Less effortful thinking leads to more social networking? The associations between the use of social network sites and personality traits Computers in Human Behavior 27 2011 1265 1271 10.1016/j.chb.2011.01.008