Low-density lipoprotein, its susceptibility to oxidation and the role of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and carboxyl ester lipase lipases in atherosclerotic plaque formation

Archives of Medical Science

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 151-158

  Burchardt, Paweł ^a   Zurawski, Jakub ^a   Zuchowski, Bartosz ^a   Kubacki, Tomasz ^a   Murawa, Dawid ^b   Wiktorowicz, Krzysztof ^a   Wysocki, Henryk ^a  

^a POZNAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Poland)

^b Wielkopolska Cancer Center   (Poland)

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; Carboxyl ester lipase; Lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2; Lipoproteins

Indexed keywords

1 ALKYL 2 ACETYLGLYCEROPHOSPHOCHOLINE ESTERASE; CARBOXYLESTER LIPASE; CHOLESTEROL; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; LIPID; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL LIPASE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; ATHEROGENESIS; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CATABOLISM; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DIABETES MELLITUS; ENZYME METABOLISM; ENZYME MODIFICATION; FAT INTAKE; HUMAN; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE; INSULIN RESISTANCE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X;

EID: 84874817947     PISSN: 17341922     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2013.33176     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Graham I. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary. Atherosclerosis 2007; 194: 1-45.
2. Hui DY, Howles PN. Carboxyl ester lipase: structure-function relationship and physiological role in lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis. J Lipid Res 2002; 43: 2017-30.
3. Steinberg D, Witztum JL. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein and atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30: 2311.
4. Steinberg D. The LDL modification hypothesis of atherogenesis: an update. J Lipid Res 2009; 50: S376-80.
5. Zalewski A, Macphee C. Role of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 in atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005; 25: 923-31.
6. Hirayama S, Miida T. Small dense LDL: an emerging risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Clin Chim Acta 2012; 24: 414, 215-24.
7. Baker RG, Hayden MS, Ghosh S. NF-kappaB, inflammation, and metabolic disease. Cell Metabolism 2011; 13: 11-22.
8. Pung YF, Chilian WM. Corruption of coronary collateral growth in metabolic syndrome: role of oxidative stress. World J Cardiol 2010; 2: 421-7.
9. Collins T, Cybulsky M. NF-kppa B: pivotal mediator or innocenty bystender inatherogenesis. J Clin Invest 2001; 107: 255-64.
10. Mertens A, Hobvoet P. Oxidized and HDL: antagonists in atherothrombosis. FASEB J 2001; 15: 2073-84.
11. Yoshida H, Kisugi R. Mechanisms of LDL oxidation. Clinica Chimica Acta 2010; 411: 23-24, 1875-82.
12. Andrews AM, Jaron D, Buerk DG, Kirby PL, Barbee KA. Direct, real-time measurement of shear stress-induced nitric oxide produced from endothelial cells in vitro. Nitric Oxide 2010; 23: 335-42.
13. Tsimikas S. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein biomarkers in atherosclerosis. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2006; 8: 55-61.
14. Misra MK, Sarwat M, Bhakuni P, Tuteja R, Tuteja N. Oxidative stress and ischemic myocardial syndromes. Med Sci Monit 2009; 15: RA209-19.
15. Holvoet P, Lee DH, Steffes M, Gross M, Jacobs DR Jr. Association between circulating oxidized low-density lipoprotein and incidence of the metabolic syndrome. JAMA 2008; 299: 2287-93.
16. Holvoet P, Vanhaecke J, Janssens S, Van de Werf F, Collen D. Oxidized LDL and malondialdehyde-modified LDL in patients with acute coronary syndromes and stable coronary artery disease. Circulation 1998; 98: 1487-94.
17. Steinbrecher UP. Oxidation of human low densitylipoprotein results in derivatization of lysine residues of apolipoprotein B by lipid peroxide decomposition products. J Biol Chem 1987; 262: 3603-8.
18. Itabe H. Oxidative modification of LDL: its pathological role in atherosclerosis clinic. Rev Allerg Immunol 2009; 37: 4-11.
19. Adachi H, Tsujimoto M. Endothelial scavenger receptors. Progress in Lipid Research 2006; 45: 379-404.
20. Brown MS, Basu SK, Falck JR, Ho YK, Goldstein JL. The scavenger cell pathway for lipoprotein degradation: specificity of the binding site that mediates the uptake of negatively- charged LDL by macrophages. J Supramol Struct 1980; 13: 67-81.
21. Brkic S, Tomic S, Maric D, Novakov Mikic A, Turkulov V. Lipid peroxidation is elevated in female patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Med Sci Monit 2010; 16: CR628-32.
22. Obrosova IG. Increased sorbitol pathway activity generates oxidative stress in tissue sites for diabetic complications. Antioxidants Redox Signal 2005; 7: 1543-52.
23. Karpe F, an GD. Adipose tissue function in the insulin-resistance syndrome. Biochem Soc Trans 2005; 33: 1045-48.
24. Goossens GH. The role of adipose tissue dysfunction in the pathogenesis of obesity-related insulin resistance. Physiol Behav 2008; 94: 206-18.
25. Lee C, Sigari F, Segrado T, et al. All apoB-containing lipoproteins induce monocyte chemotaxis and adhesion when minimally modified: modulation of lipoprotein bioactivity by platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999; 19: 1437-46.
26. De Gennaro C, Bianchi V M, Pascale V, et al. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA): an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase and a novel cardiovascular risk molecule. Med Sci Monit 2009; 15: RA91-101.
27. Sung HJ, Kim J, Kim Y, Jang SW, Ko J. N-acetyl cysteine suppresses the foam cell formation that is induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein via regulation of gene expression. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39: 3001-7
28. Setorki M, Asgary S, Eidi A, Rohani AH. Effects of acute verjuice consumption with a high-cholesterol diet on some biochemical risk factors of atherosclerosis in rabbits. Med Sci Monit 2010; 16: BR124-30.
29. Hasnain B, Mooradian A. Recent trials of antioxidant therapy: what should we be telling our patients? Cleve Clin J Med 2004; 71: 327-34.
30. Jayakumari N, Thejaseebai G. High prevalence of low serum paraoxonase1 in subjects with coronary artery disease. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2009; 45: 278-84.
31. Alwaili K, Awan Z, Alshahrani A, Genest J. High-density lipoproteins and cardiovascular disease: 2010 update. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2010; 8: 413-23.
32. McPherson PA, Young IS, McEneny J. A dual role for lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.43) in lipoprotein oxidation. Free Radic Biol Med 2007; 43: 1484-93.
33. Murphy AJ, Woollard KJ, Hoang A, et al. High-density lipoprotein reduces the human monocyte inflammatory response. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008; 28: 2071-7.
34. Stafforini DM, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA, Prescott SM. Platelet activating factor acetylhydrolases. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 17895-8.
35. Watson AD, Navab M, Hama SY, et al. Effect of platelet activating factor-acetylhydrolase on the formation and action of minimally oxidized low density lipoprotein. J Clin Invest 1995; 95: 774-82.
36. Min JH, Jain MK, Wilder C, et al. Membrane-bound plasma platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase acts on substrate in the aqueous phase. Biochemistry 1999; 38: 12935-42.
37. Lundberg AM, Hansson GK. Innate immune signals in atherosclerosis. Clin Immunol 2010; 134: 5-24.
38. Jayaraman H, Gantz DL, Gursky O. Effects of phospholipase A2 and its products on structural stability of human LDL: relevance to formation of LDL-derived lipid droplets. J Lipid Res 2011; 52: 549-57.
39. Wong WT, Ng CH, Tsang SY, Huang Y, Chen ZY. Relative contribution of individual oxidized components in ox-LDL to inhibition on endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat aorta. Nutr Metabolism Cardiovasc Dis 2011; 21: 157-64.
40. Markakis KP, Koropouli MK, Grammenou-Savvoglou S, et al. Implication of lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 activity in oxLDL uptake by macrophages. J Lipid Res 2010; 51: 2191-201.
41. Reddy KJ, Singh M, Bangit JR, Batsell RR. The role of lipoprotein- associated phospholipase A2 on cardiovascular disease risk assessment and plaque rupture: a clinical review. J Clin Lipidology 2009; 4: 85-93.
42. Ishihara M, Iwasaki T, Nagano M, et al. Functional impairment of two novel mutations detected in lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) deficiency patients. J Hum Genet 2004; 49: 302-7.
43. Koshy B, Miyashita A, Jean P, et al. Genetic deficiency of plasma lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (PLA2G7 V297F Null Mutation) and risk of Alzheimer's disease in Japan. J Alzheimer's Dis 2010; 21: 775-80.
44. Thompson AR, Drenos F, Hafez H, Humphries SE. Candidate gene association studies in abdominal aortic aneurysm disease: a review and meta-analysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2008; 35: 19-30.
45. Mallat Z, Lambeau G, Tedgui A. Lipoprotein-associated and secreted phospholipases A2 in cardiovascular disease. Roles as biological effectors and biomarkers. Circulation 2010; 122: 2183-200.
46. Holmes RS, Cox LA. Comparative structures and evolution of vertebrate carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) genes and proteins with a major role in reverse cholesterol transport. Cholesterol 2011; 2011: 781643.
47. Li F, Hui DY. Synthesis and secretion of the pancreatic-type carboxyl ester lipase by human endothelial cells. Biochem J 1998; 329: 675-9.
48. Howles PN, Carter CP, Hui DY. Dietary free and esterified cholesterol absorption in cholesterol esterase (bile saltstimulated lipase) gene-targeted mice. J Biol Chem 1996; 271: 7196-202.
49. Weng W, Li L, van Bennekum AM, et al. Intestinal absorption of dietary cholesteryl ester is decreased but retinyl ester absorption is normal in carboxyl ester lipase knockout mice. Biochemistry 1999; 38: 4143-9.
50. Kirby RJ, Zheng S, Tso P, Howles PN, Hui DY. Bile salt-stimulated carboxyl ester lipase influences lipoprotein assembly and secretion in intestine. A process mediated via ceramide hydrolysis. J Biol Chem 2002; 277: 4104-9.
51. Brodt-Eppley J, White P, Jenkins S, Hui DY. Plasma cholesterol esterase level is a determinant for an atherogenic lipoprotein profile in normolipidemic human subjects. Biochim Biophys Acta 1995; 1272: 69-72.
52. Shamir R, Johnson WJ, Morlock-Fitzpatrick K, et al. Pancreatic carboxyl ester lipase: a circulating enzyme that modifies normal and oxidized lipoproteins in vitro. J Clin Invest 1996; 97: 1696-704.
53. Li L, Weng W, Harrison EH, Fisher EA. Plasma carboxyl ester lipase activity modulates apolipoprotein B-containing lipoprotein metabolism in a transgenic mouse model. Metabol Clin Exp 2008; 57: 1361-8.
54. Camarota LM, Chapman JM, Hui DY, Howles PN. Carboxyl ester lipase cofractionates with scavenger receptor BI in hepatocyte lipid rafts and enhances selective uptake and hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters from HDL3. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 27599-606.
55. Reiner Z, Catapano A, De Backer G, et al. ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidemias. Eur Heart J 2011; 32: 1769-818.
56. Rizzo M, Barylski M, Rizvi AA, Montalto G, Mikhailidis DP, Banach M. Combined dyslipidemia: should the focus be LDL cholesterol or atherogenic dyslipidemia? Curr Pharm Des 2012 Dec 26 [Epub ahead of print].