Upregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-ouabain system in the brain is the core mechanism in the genesis of all types of hypertension

International Journal of Hypertension

Volumn 2012, Issue , 2012, Pages

  Takahashi, Hakuo ^a  

^a KANSAI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALDOSTERONE; ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; AMILORIDE; ANGIOTENSIN II; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; CANRENONE; DIGITALIS; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; HYPERTENSIVE FACTOR; IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTOR AGONIST; OUABAIN; ROSTAFUROXIN; SODIUM CHANNEL; TEMPOL; TRIAMTERENE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTION; BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; BRAIN REGION; DISEASE ACTIVITY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DROWSINESS; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; HYPOTHALAMIC PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS; MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DETERMINATION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; RENIN ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM; REVIEW; SODIUM BLOOD LEVEL; SODIUM INTAKE; SODIUM METABOLISM; UPREGULATION; XEROSTOMIA;

EID: 84872166174     PISSN: 20900384     EISSN: 20900392     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2012/242786     Document Type: Review

References (76)

1. Borkowski K. R., Quinn P., Adrenaline and the development of spontaneous hypertension in rats. Journal of Autonomic Pharmacology 1985 5 2 89 100 2-s2.0-0021803766 (Pubitemid 15037796)
2. Bouvier M., De Champlain J., Increased apparent norepinephrine release rate in anesthetized DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. Clinical and Experimental Hypertension A 1985 7 11 1629 1645 2-s2.0-0022387912 (Pubitemid 16176224)
3. Cabassi A., Vinci S., Calzolari M., Bruschi G., Borghetti A., Regional sympathetic activity in pre-hypertensive phase of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Life Sciences 1998 62 12 1111 1118 2-s2.0-0032512804 10.1016/S0024- 3205(98)00034-4 (Pubitemid 28085432)
4. Takahashi H., Iyoda I., Yamasaki H., Retardation of the development of hypertension in DOCA-salt rats by renal denervation. Japanese Circulation Journal 1984 48 6 567 574 2-s2.0-0021215310 (Pubitemid 14097992)
5. Kline R. L., Kelton P. M., Mercer P. F., Effect of renal denervation on the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 1978 56 5 818 822 2-s2.0-0018080926 (Pubitemid 9032139)
6. Campese V. M., Kogosov E., Renal afferent denervation prevents hypertension in rats with chronic renal failure. Hypertension 1995 25 4, part 2 878 882 2-s2.0-0028953330
7. Krum H., Schlaich M., Whitbourn R., Sobotka P. A., Sadowski J., Bartus K., Kapelak B., Walton A., Sievert H., Thambar S., Abraham W. T., Esler M., Catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation for resistant hypertension: a multicentre safety and proof-of-principle cohort study. The Lancet 2009 373 9671 1275 1281 2-s2.0-64049084640 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60566-3
8. Guyton A. C., Long-term arterial pressure control: an analysis from animal experiments and computer and graphic models. American Journal of Physiology 1990 259 5, part 2 R865 R877 2-s2.0-0025011680 (Pubitemid 20387146)
9. Bisognano J. D., Bakris G., Nadim M. K., Sanchez L., Kroon A. A., Schafer J., De Leeuw P. W., Sica D. A., Baroreflex activation therapy lowers blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension: results from the double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled rheos pivotal trial. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2011 58 7 765 773 2-s2.0-79961189578 10.1016/j.jacc.2011. 06.008
10. Huang B. S., Ahmadi S., Ahmad M., White R. A., Leenen F. H. H., Central neuronal activation and pressor responses induced by circulating ANG II: role of the brain aldosterone-"ouabain" pathway. American Journal of Physiology 2010 299 2 H422 H430 2-s2.0-77955462845 10.1152/ajpheart.00256.2010
11. Xue B., Beltz T. G., Yu Y., Guo F., Gomez-Sanchez C. E., Hay M., Johnson A. K., Central interactions of aldosterone and angiotensin II in aldosterone- and angiotensin II-induced hypertension. American Journal of Physiology 2011 300 2 H555 H564 2-s2.0-79551491358 10.1152/ajpheart.00847.2010
12. Kjeldsen S. E., Flaaten B., Eide I., Helgeland A., Leren P., Increased peripheral release of noradrenaline and uptake of adrenaline in essential hypertension? Clinical Science 1981 61 supplement 7 215s 217s 2-s2.0-0019779767 (Pubitemid 12222733)
13. Levitan D., Massry S. G., Romoff M., Campese V. M., Plasma catecholamines and autonomic nervous system function in patients with early renal insufficiency and hypertension: effect of clonidine. Nephron 1984 36 1 24 29 2-s2.0-0021323768 (Pubitemid 14211339)
14. Franco-Morselli R., Elghozi J. L., Joly E., Di Giuilio S., Meyer P., Increased plasma adrenaline concentrations in benign essential hypertension. British Medical Journal 1977 2 6097 1251 1254 2-s2.0-0017691620 (Pubitemid 8215934)
15. Grobecker H., Roizen M. F., Weise V., Saavedra J. M., Kopin I. J., Sympathoadrenal medullary activity in young, spontaneously hypertensive rats. Nature 1975 258 5532 267 268 2-s2.0-0016858170 10.1038/258267a0
16. Kenney M. J., Morgan D. A., Mark A. L., Sympathetic nerve responses to sustained stimulation of somatic afferents in Dahl rats. Journal of Hypertension 1991 9 10 963 968 2-s2.0-0025783749
17. Bouvier M., de Champlain J., Increased basal and reactive plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine levels in awake DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. Journal of the Autonomic Nervous System 1986 15 2 191 195 2-s2.0-0022600884 (Pubitemid 16161212)
18. Katholi R. E., Winternitz S. R., Oparil S., Decrease in peripheral sympathetic nervous system activity following renal denervation or unclipping in the one-kidney one-clip Goldblatt hypertensive rat. The Journal of Clinical Investigation 1982 69 1 55 62 2-s2.0-0020041779 (Pubitemid 12212245)
19. Stekiel W. J., Contney S. J., Lombard J. H., Sympathetic neural control of vascular muscle in reduced renal mass hypertension. Hypertension 1991 17 6, part 2 1185 1191 2-s2.0-0025953601
20. Goldstein D. S., Plasma catecholamines and essential hypertension. An analytical review. Hypertension 1983 5 1 86 99 2-s2.0-0020673352 (Pubitemid 13179794)
21. Penesova A., Radikova Z., Cizmarova E., Kvetňanský R., Blazicek P., Vlcek M., Koska J., Vigas M., The role of norepinephrine and insulin resistance in an early stage of hypertension. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2008 1148 490 494 2-s2.0-57649223723 10.1196/annals.1410.036
22. Esler M. D., Eikelis N., Lambert E., Straznicky N., Neural mechanisms and management of obesity-related hypertension. Current Cardiology Reports 2008 10 6 456 463 2-s2.0-58249092194 10.1007/s11886-008-0072-7
23. Grassi G., Seravalle G., Quarti-Trevano F., Scopelliti F., Dell'Oro R., Bolla G., Mancia G., Excessive sympathetic activation in heart failure with obesity and metabolic syndrome: characteristics and mechanisms. Hypertension 2007 49 3 535 541 2-s2.0-33847029977 10.1161/01.HYP.0000255983.32896.b9
24. Smith M. M., Minson C. T., Obesity and adipokines: effects on sympathetic overactivity. Journal of Physiology 2012 590, part 8 1787 1801
25. Rahmouni K., Morgan D. A., Morgan G. M., Mark A. L., Haynes W. G., Role of selective leptin resistance in diet-induced obesity hypertension. Diabetes 2005 54 7 2012 2018 2-s2.0-21344432100 10.2337/diabetes.54.7.2012 (Pubitemid 40911263)
26. Mancilha-Carvalho J. J., de Oliveira R., Esposito R. J., Blood pressure and electrolyte excretion in the Yanomamo Indians, an isolated population. Journal of Human Hypertension 1989 3 5 309 314 2-s2.0-0024418296 (Pubitemid 19247898)
27. Riquier-Brison A. D. M., Leong P. K. K., Pihakaski-Maunsbach K., McDonough A. A., Angiotensin II stimulates trafficking of NHE3, NaPi2, and associated proteins into the proximal tubule microvilli. American Journal of Physiology 2010 298 1 F177 F186 2-s2.0-74049118932 10.1152/ajprenal.00464.2009
28. DiBona G. F., Neurogenic regulation of renal tubular sodium readsorption. American Journal of Physiology 1977 233 2 F73 F81 2-s2.0-0017665170
29. Kubo M., Kiyohara Y., Kato I., Tanizaki Y., Arima H., Tanaka K., Nakamura H., Okubo K., Iida M., Trends in the incidence, mortality, and survival rate of cardiovascular disease in a Japanese community: the Hisayama study. Stroke 2003 34 10 2349 2354 2-s2.0-0141754090 10.1161/01.STR.0000090348.52943.A2 (Pubitemid 37221940)
30. Möhring J., Möhring B., Just S., Description of the DOCA escape phenomenon in the rat. Naunyn Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 1970 266 4 406 407
31. Krück F., Kramer H. J., Third factor and edema formation. Contributions to Nephrology 1978 13 12 20 2-s2.0-0018169301
32. Doris P. A., Endogenous inhibitors of the Na,K pump. Mineral and Electrolyte Metabolism 1996 22 5-6 303 310 2-s2.0-0029825229 (Pubitemid 26370439)
33. Takahashi H., Matsusawa M., Okabayashi H., Suga K., Ikegaki I., Nishimura M., Yoshimura M., Endogenous digitalislike substance in an adult population in Japan. American Journal of Hypertension 1988 1 3, part 3 168s 172s 2-s2.0-0023706672
34. Komiyama Y., Nishimura N., Dong X. H., Hirose S., Kosaka C., Masaki H., Masuda M., Takahashi H., Liquid chromatography mass spectrometric analysis of ouabainlike factor in biological fluid. Hypertension Research 2000 23, supplement S21 S27 2-s2.0-0033804313
35. Takahashi H., Matsusawa M., Suga K., Ikegaki I., Nishimura M., Yoshimura M., Ihara N., Yamada H., Sano Y., Hypothalamic digitalis-like substance is released with sodium-loading in rats. American Journal of Hypertension 1988 1 2 146 151 2-s2.0-0023937668
36. Kojima I., Yoshihara S., Ogata E., Involvement of endogenous digitalis-like substance in genesis of deoxycorticosterone-salt hypertension. Life Sciences 1982 30 21 1775 1781 2-s2.0-0020321652 10.1016/0024-3205(82)90313- 7 (Pubitemid 12054098)
37. Hamlyn J. M., Blaustein M. P., Bova S., DuCharme D. W., Harris D. W., Mandel F., Mathews W. R., Ludens J. H., Identification and characterization of a ouabain-like compound from human plasma. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1991 88 14 6259 6263 2-s2.0-0025821399 (Pubitemid 21914926)
38. Yuan C. M., Manunta P., Hamlyn J. M., Chen S., Bohen E., Yeun J., Haddy F. J., Pamnani M. B., Long-term ouabain administration produces hypertension in rats. Hypertension 1993 22 2 178 187 2-s2.0-0027312742 (Pubitemid 23234064)
39. Tripodi G., Piscone A., Borsani G., Tisminetzky S., Salardi S., Sidoli A., James P., Pongor S., Bianchi G., Baralle F. E., Molecular cloning of an adducin-like protein: evidence of a polymorphism in the normotensive and hypertensive rats of the milan strain. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1991 177 3 939 947 2-s2.0-0025787051
40. Manunta P., Ferrandi M., Messaggio E., Ferrari P., A new antihypertensive agent that antagonizes the prohypertensive effect of endogenous Ouabain and Adducin. Cardiovascular and Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2006 4 1 61 66 2-s2.0-33646352478 10.2174/187152506775268811 (Pubitemid 43796700)
41. Ferrari P., Torielli L., Ferrandi M., Padoani G., Duzzi L., Florio M., Conti F., Melloni P., Vesci L., Corsico N., Bianchi G., PST2238: a new antihypertensive compound that antagonizes the long-term pressor effect of ouabain. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 1998 285 1 83 94 2-s2.0-7844239580 (Pubitemid 28207572)
42. Bianchi G., Tripodi M. G., Casari G., Torielli L., Cusi D., Barlassina C., Stella P., Zagato L., Barber B. R.,Adducin may control blood pressure both in rats and humans. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 1995 22 1 S7 S9 2-s2.0-0029619624 (Pubitemid 26062026)
43. Staessen J. A., Thijs L., Stolarz-Skrzypek K., Main results of the ouabain and adducin for Specific Intervention on Sodium in Hypertension Trial (OASIS-HT): a randomized placebo-controlled phase-2 dose-finding study of rostafuroxin. Trials 2011 12 13 27
44. Yamada H., Naruse M., Naruse K., Demura H., Takahashi H., Yoshimura M., Ochi J., Histological study on ouabain immunoreactivities in the mammalian hypothalamus. Neuroscience Letters 1992 141 2 143 146 2-s2.0-0026683488 10.1016/0304-3940(92)90881-7
45. Takahashi H., Matsuzawa M., Okabayashi H., Suga K., Ikegaki I., Yoshimura M., Ijichi H., Okamura H., Murakami S., Ibata Y., Evidence for a digitalis-like substance in the hypothalamopituitary axis in rats: implications in the central cardiovascular regulation associated with an excess intake of sodium. Japanese Circulation Journal 1987 51 10 1199 1207 2-s2.0-0023550941 (Pubitemid 18013529)
46. Yamada H., Ihara N., Takahashi H., Yoshimura M., Sano Y., Distribution of the endogenous digitalis-like substance (EDLS)-containing neurons labeled by digoxin antibody in hypothalamus and three circumventricular organs of dog and macaque. Brain Research 1992 584 1-2 237 243 2-s2.0-0026729405 10.1016/0006-8993(92)90900-T
47. Takahashi H., Iyoda I., Takeda K., Centrally-induced vasopressor responses to sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase inhibitor, ouabain, may be mediated via angiotensin II in the anteroventral third ventricle in the brain. Japanese Circulation Journal 1984 48 11 1243 1250 2-s2.0-0021685415 (Pubitemid 15181974)
48. Iyoda I., Takahashi H., Lee L. C., Cardiovascular and sympathetic responses to ouabain injected into the hypothalamus in rats. Cardiovascular Research 1986 20 4 294 298 2-s2.0-0022610595 (Pubitemid 16120839)
49. Yoshika M., Komiyama Y., Takahashi H., An ouabain-like factor is secreted from immortalized hypothalamic cells in an aldosterone-dependent manner. Neurochemistry International 2011 59 2 104 108 2-s2.0-79960350166 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.04.019
50. Minami J., Ishimitsu T., Matsuoka H., Is there overlap in blood-pressure response to the blockers of the renin-angiotensin system between lower and higher renin subjects? American Journal of Hypertension 2008 21 2 130 131 2-s2.0-38949162239 10.1038/ajh.2007.40 (Pubitemid 351231571)
51. Hirose S., Ohsawa T., Inagami T., Murakami K., Brain renin from bovine anterior pituitary: isolation and properties. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 1982 257 11 6316 6321 2-s2.0-0020324435 (Pubitemid 12029544)
52. Tada M., Fukamizu A., Seo M. S., Takahashi S., Murakami K., Renin expression in the kidney and brain is reciprocally controlled by captopril. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1989 159 3 1065 1071 2-s2.0-0024588337 (Pubitemid 19101090)
53. Nishimura M., Nanbu A., Ohtsuka K., Takahashi H., Iwai N., Kinoshita M., Yoshimura M., Sodium intake regulates renin gene expression differently in the hypothalamus and kidney of rats. Journal of Hypertension 1997 15 5 509 516 2-s2.0-0030927383 10.1097/00004872-199715050-00006 (Pubitemid 27216009)
54. Huang B. S., Cheung W. J., Wang H., Tan J., White R. A., Leenen F. H. H., Activation of brain renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system by central sodium in Wistar rats. American Journal of Physiology 2006 291 3 H1109 H1117 2-s2.0-33748435794 10.1152/ajpheart.00024.2006 (Pubitemid 44343654)
55. Weinberger M. H., White W. B., Ruilope L. M., MacDonald T. M., Davidson R. C., Roniker B., Patrick J. L., Krause S. L., Effects of eplerenone versus losartan in patients with low-renin hypertension. American Heart Journal 2005 150 3 426 433 2-s2.0-24944492935 10.1016/j.ahj.2004.12.005 (Pubitemid 41317608)
56. Mann J. F. E., Rascher W., Schomig A., Contribution of the sympathetic nervous system to the centrally-induced pressor action of angiotensin II in rats. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 1982 9 2 193 201 2-s2.0-0019950019 (Pubitemid 12038762)
57. Takahasi H., Matsusawa M., Ikegaki I., Nishimura M., Yoshimura M., Yamada H., Sano Y., Brain renin-angiotensin system and the hypothalamic, digitalis-like Na+, K+-ATPase inhibitor in rats. Clinical and Experimental Hypertension A 1988 10 6 1285 1287 2-s2.0-0024208633 (Pubitemid 19051368)
58. Sakamoto M., Nishimura M., Takahashi H., Brain atrial natriuretic peptide family abolishes cardiovascular haemodynamic alterations caused by hypertonic saline in rats. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 1999 26 9 684 690 2-s2.0-0032861611 10.1046/j.1440-1681.1999.03112.x (Pubitemid 29437239)
59. DiBona G. F., Neural regulation of renal tubular sodium reabsorption and renin secretion. Federation Proceedings 1985 44 13 2816 2822 2-s2.0-0022343651
60. Huang B. S., Van Vliet B. N., Leenen F. H. H., Increases in CSF [Na+] precede the increases in blood pressure in Dahl S rats and SHR on a high-salt diet. American Journal of Physiology 2004 287 3 H1160 H1166 2-s2.0-4143092554 10.1152/ajpheart.00126.2004 (Pubitemid 39096661)
61. +-induced hypertension in rats. American Journal of Physiology 1998 274 3, part 2 R635 R644 2-s2.0-0031897283
62. Wang H., Huang B. S., Leenen F. H. H., Brain sodium channels and ouabainlike compounds mediate central aldosterone-induced hypertension. American Journal of Physiology 2003 285 6 H2516 H2523 2-s2.0-0344440820 (Pubitemid 37443069)
63. Huang B. S., Cheung W. J., Wang H., Tan J., White R. A., Leenen F. H. H., Activation of brain renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system by central sodium in Wistar rats. American Journal of Physiology 2006 291 3 H1109 H1117 2-s2.0-33748435794 10.1152/ajpheart.00024.2006 (Pubitemid 44343654)
64. Fukiyama K., McCubbin J. W., Page I. H., Chronic hypertension elicited by infusion of angiotensin into vertebral arteries of unanaesthetized dogs. Clinical Science 1971 40 3 283 291 2-s2.0-0015028363
65. Collister J. P., Hendel M. D., Chronic effects of angiotensin II and AT1 receptor antagonists in subfornical organ-lesioned rats. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 2005 32 5-6 462 466 2-s2.0-20344402115 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04212.x (Pubitemid 40780276)
66. Zhang Z. H., Yu Y., Kang Y. M., Wei S. G., Felder R. B., Aldosterone acts centrally to increase brain renin-angiotensin system activity and oxidative stress in normal rats. American Journal of Physiology 2008 294 2 H1067 H1074 2-s2.0-39149132486 10.1152/ajpheart.01131.2007 (Pubitemid 351253321)
67. Heesch C. M., Crandall M. E., Turbek J. A., Converting enzyme inhibitors cause pressure-independent resetting of baroreflex control of sympathetic outflow. American Journal of Physiology 1996 270 4, part 2 R728 R737 2-s2.0-15844420664
68. Heran B. S., Chen J. M., Wang J. J., Wright J. M., Blood pressure lowering efficacy of potassium-sparing diuretics (that block the epithelial sodium channel) for primary hypertension. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010 1 CD008167 2-s2.0-77950900288
69. Grandi A. M., Imperiale D., Santillo R., Barlocco E., Bertolini A., Guasti L., Venco A., Aldosterone antagonist improves diastolic function in essential hypertension. Hypertension 2002 40 5 647 652 2-s2.0-0036841840 10.1161/01.HYP.0000036399.80194.D8 (Pubitemid 35278600)
70. Ferrari P., Rostafuroxin: an ouabain-inhibitor counteracting specific forms of hypertension. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 2010 1802 12 1254 1258 2-s2.0-78049232372 10.1016/j.bbadis.2010.01.009
71. Mathis K. W., Venegas-Pont M., Masterson C. W., Stewart N. J., Wasson K. L., Ryan M. J., Oxidative stress promotes hypertension and albuminuria during the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus. Hypertension 2012 59 3 673 679
72. Brown J., Branche G., Streets M., King A., Dowdy V., Batts J., Centrally acting alpha-2 agonists, peripherally acting adrenergic-blocking drugs, and direct vasodilators in the treatment of mild and moderate essential hypertension. Clinical Cardiology 1989 12 supplement 4 IV78 IV81 2-s2.0-0024810228
73. Chapman N., Chen C. Y., Fujita T., Hobbs F. R., Kim S. J., Staessen J. A., Tanomsup S., Wang J. G., Williams B., Time to re-appraise the role of alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonists in the management of hypertension? Journal of Hypertension 2010 28 9 1796 1803 2-s2.0-77955851626 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32833b912c
74. Takahashi H., Okabayashi H., Suga K., Matsuzawa M., Ikegaki I., Yoshimura M., Sympatholytic effects of the intravenously injected alpha1-adrenergic blocker, bunazosin, in anaesthetized rats. Journal of Hypertension 1987 5 6 677 682 2-s2.0-0023608398 (Pubitemid 18029946)
75. Iyoda I., Takahashi H., Takeda K., Centrally-induced vasodepressor responses to diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker, in rats. Journal of Hypertension 1985 3 6 639 644 2-s2.0-0022405422 (Pubitemid 16205141)
76. Huang B. S., Murzenok P. P., Leenen F. H. H., Sympathoinhibitory and depressor responses to long-term infusion of nifedipine in spontaneously hypertensive rats on high-salt diet. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 2000 36 6 704 710 2-s2.0-0033646642