Cardiovascular and renal effects of chronic exposure to high altitude

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation

Volumn 27, Issue SUPPL.4, 2012, Pages

  Hurtado, Abdias ^a   Escudero, Elizabeth ^a   Pando, Jackeline ^b   Sharma, Shailendra ^c   Johnson, Richard J ^c  

^a UNIVERSIDAD PERUANA CAYETANO HEREDIA   (Peru)

^b UNIVERSITY COLLEGE CORK   (Ireland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

chronic mountain sickness; high altitude; high altitude renal syndrome; hypoxia

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; ALTITUDE; ALTITUDE DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECT; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DIABETES MELLITUS; GLOMERULUS FILTRATION RATE; HIGH ALTITUDE RENAL SYNDROME; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; HYPERURICEMIA; HYPOXIA; INCIDENCE; KIDNEY DISEASE; KIDNEY FUNCTION; LONG TERM EXPOSURE; MICROALBUMINURIA; OBESITY; POLYCYTHEMIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULMONARY HYPERTENSION; REVIEW; SEA LEVEL;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ALTITUDE; CORONARY DISEASE; HEART; HUMANS; KIDNEY DISEASES;

EID: 84871842788     PISSN: 09310509     EISSN: 14602385     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs427     Document Type: Review

References (62)

1. Moore LG. Human genetic adaptation to high altitude. High Alt Med Biol 2001; 2: 257-279
2. Beall CM. Andean, Tibetan, and Ethiopian patterns of adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia. Integr Comp Biol 2006; 46: 18-24
3. Beall CM, Decker MJ, Brittenham GM et al. An Ethiopian pattern of human adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002; 99: 17215-8
4. Beall CM. Two routes to functional adaptation: Tibetan and Andean high altitude natives. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007; 104(Suppl. 1): 8655-8660
5. Monge CC, Arregui A, León-Velarde F. Pathophysiology and epidemiology of chronic mountain sickness. Int J Sports Med 1992; 13: S79-S81
6. Jefferson JA, Escudero E, Hurtado ME et al. Excessive erythrocytosis, chronic mountain sickness, and serum cobalt levels. Lancet 2002; 359: 407-408
7. Picon-Reategui E. Basal metabolic rate and body composition at high altitudes. J Appl Physiol 1961; 16: 431-434
8. Beall CM, Brittenham GM, Strohl KP et al. Hemoglobin concentration of high-altitude Tibetans and Bolivian Aymara. Am J Physiol Anthropol 1997; 104: 427-447
9. Beall CM. Adaptations to altitude: a current assessment. Annu Rev Anthropol 2001; 30: 423-456
10. Winslow RM, Chapman KW, Gibson CC et al. Different hematologic responses to hypoxia in Sherpas and Quechua Indians. J Appl Physiol 1989; 66: 1561-1569
11. Beall CM, Brittenham GM, Strohl KP et al. Hemoglobin concentration of high-altitude Tibetans and Bolivian Aymara. Am J Phys Anthropol 1998; 106: 385-400
12. Groves BM, Droma T, Sutton JR et al. Minimal hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in normal Tibetans at 3,658 m. J Appl Physiol 1993; 74: 312-318
13. Penaloza D, Arias-Stella J. The heart and pulmonary circulation at high altitudes: healthy highlanders and chronic mountain sickness. Circulation 2007; 115: 1132-1146
14. Hoit BD, Dalton ND, Erzurum SC, Laskowski D, Strohl KP, Beall CM. Nitric oxide and cardiopulmonary hemodynamics in Tibetan highlanders. J Appl Physiol 2005; 99: 1796-1801
15. Angelo M, Singel DJ, Stamler JS. An S-nitrosothiol (SNO) synthase function of hemoglobin that utilizes nitrite as a substrate. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103: 8366-8371
16. Janocha AJ, Koch CD, Tiso M et al. Nitric oxide during altitude acclimatization. N Engl J Med 2011; 365: 1942-1944
17. Hoppeler H, Vogt M, Weibel ER, Flück M. Response of skeletal muscle mitochondria to hypoxia. Exp Physiol 2003; 88: 109-119
18. Scheinfeldt LB, Soi S, Thompson S et al. Genetic adaptation to high altitude in the Ethiopian highlands. Genome Biol 2012; 13: R1
19. Perocchi F, Gohil VM, Girgis HS et al. MICU1 encodes a mitochondrial EF hand protein requires for Ca2+ uptake. Nature 2010; 467: 291-296
20. Zeng L, Sachdev P, Yan L et al. Vav3 mediates receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling, regulates GTPase activity, modulates cell morphology, and induces cell transformation. Mol Cell Biol 2000; 20: 9212-9224
21. Semenza GL. HIF-1: mediator of physiological and pathophysiological responses to hypoxia. J Appl Physiol 2000; 88: 1474-1480
22. Beall CM, Cavalleri GL, Deng L et al. Natural selection on EPAS1 (HIF2alpha) associated with low hemoglobin concentration in Tibetan highlanders. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2010; 107: 11459-11464
23. Simonson TS, Yang Y, Huff CD et al. Genetic evidence for highaltitude adaptation in Tibet. Science 2010; 329: 72-75
24. Yi X, Liang Y, Huerta-Sanchez E et al. Sequencing of 50 human exomes reveals adaptation to high altitude. Science 2010; 329: 75-78
25. Xu S, Li S, Yang Y et al. A genome-wide search for signals of high altitude adaptation in Tibetans. Mol Biol Evol 2011; 28: 1003-1011
26. Bigham AW, Bauchet M, Pinto D et al. Identifying signatures of natural selection in Tibetan and Andean populations using dense genomes scan data. PLoS Genet 2010; 6: e1001116
27. Mejía OM, Prchal JT, León-Velarde F et al. Genetic association analysis of chronic mountain sickness in an Andean high-altitude population. Haematologica 2005; 90: 13-19
28. Bigham AW, Mao X, Mei R et al. Identifying positive selection candidate loci for high-altitude adaptation in Andean population. Hum Genomics 2009; 4: 79-90
29. Naeije R. Physiological adaptation of the cardiovascular system to high altitude. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2010; 52: 456-466
30. Moret PR. Coronary blood flow and myocardial metabolism in man at high altitude. In: Porter R, Knight J (eds). High Altitude Physiology Cardiac and Respiratory Aspects, A Ciba Foundation Symposium. London: Churchill Livingstone, 1971, pp. 131-144
31. Hochachka PW, Clark CM, Holden JE et al. 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the Sherpa heart: a phosphocreatine/adenosine triphosphate signature of metabolic defense against hypobaric hypoxia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996; 93: 1215-1220
32. Lenfant C, Torrance J, English E et al. Effect of altitude on oxygen binding by hemoglobin and on organic phosphate levels. J Clin Invest 1968; 47: 2652-2656
33. Ruiz L, Penaloza D. Altitude and hypertension. Mayo Clin Proc 1977; 52: 442-445
34. Sun SF. Epidemiology of hypertension on the Tibetan Plateau. Hum Biol 1986; 58: 507-515
35. Zhao X, Li S, Ba S et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among herdsmen living at 4,300 m in Tibet. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25: 583-589
36. Chen W, Liu Q, Wang H et al. Prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease: a population study in the Tibetan population. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 26: 1592-1599
37. Hurtado A. Animals in high altitude: resident man. In: Handbook of Physiology: Adaptation to the Environment. Washington, DC: American Physiological Society, 1964, pp. 843-860
38. Mortimer EA, Jr, Monson RR, MacMahon B. Reduction in mortality from coronary heart disease in men residing at high altitude. N Engl J Med 1977; 296: 581-585
39. Baibas N, Trichopoulou A, Voridis E et al. Residence in mountainous compared with lowland areas in relation to total and coronary mortality. A study in rural Greece. J Epidemiol Community Health 2005; 59: 274-278
40. Faeh D, Gutzwiller F, Bopp M; Swiss National Cohort Study Group. Lower mortality from coronary heart disease and stroke at higher altitudes in Switzerland. Circulation 2009; 120: 495-501
41. Ezzati M, Horwitz ME, Thomas DS et al. Altitude, life expectancy and mortality from ischaemic heart disease, stroke, COPD and cancers: national population-based analysis of US counties. J Epidemiol Community Health 2012; 66: e17
42. Sasaki H, Fukuda S, Otani H et al. Hypoxic preconditioning triggers myocardial angiogenesis: a novel approach to enhance contractile functional reserve in rat with myocardial infarction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2002; 34: 335-348
43. Arias Stella J, Topilsky M. Anatomy of the coronary circulation at high altitude. In: Porter R, Knight J (eds). High Altitude Physiology: Cardiac and Respiratory Aspects, A Ciba Foundation Symposium. London: Churchill Livingstone, 1971, pp. 149-154
44. Rakusan K, Cicutti N, Kolar F. Cardiac function, microvascular structure, and capillary hematocrit in hearts of polycythemic rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2001; 281: H2425-H2431
45. Luks AM, Johnson RJ, Swenson ER. Chronic kidney disease at high altitude. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008; 19: 2262-2271
46. Arestegui AH, Fuquay R, Sirota J et al. High altitude renal syndrome (HARS). J Am Soc Nephrol 2011; 22: 1963-1968
47. Becker EL, Schilling JA, Harvey RB. Renal function in man acclimatized to high altitude. J Appl Physiol 1957; 10: 79-80
48. Lozano R, Monge C. Renal function in high-altitude natives and in natives with chronic mountain sickness. J Appl Physiol 1965; 20: 1026-1027
49. Schoutsen B, De Jong JW, Harmsen E et al. Myocardial xanthine oxidase/dehydrogenase. Biochim Biophys Acta 1983; 762: 519-524
50. Hare JM, Johnson RJ. Uric acid predicts clinical outcomes in heart failure: insights regarding the role of xanthine oxidase and uric acid in disease pathophysiology. Circulation 2003; 107: 1951-1953
51. Johnson RJ, Kang DH, Feig D et al. Is there a pathogenetic role for uric acid in hypertension and cardiovascular and renal disease? Hypertension 2003; 41: 1183-1190
52. Denman M, Szur L, Ansell BM. Hyperuricaemia in polycythaemia vera. Ann Rheum Dis 1966; 25: 340-344
53. Jefferson JA, Escudero E, Hurtado ME et al. Hyperuricemia, hypertension, and proteinuria associated with high-altitude polycythemia. Am J Kidney Dis 2002; 39: 1135-1142
54. Sanchez-Lozada LG, Tapia E, Avila-Casado C et al. Mild hyperuricemia induces glomerular hypertension in normal rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2002; 283: F1105-F1110
55. Rennie D, Marticorena E, Monge C et al. Urinary protein excretion in high-altitude residents. J Appl Physiol 1971; 31: 257-259
56. Naeye RL. Children at high altitude: pulmonary and renal abnormalities. Circ Res 1965; 16: 33-38
57. Brenner BM, Garcia DL, Anderson S. Glomeruli and blood pressure. Less of one, more the other? Am J Hypertens 1988; 1: 335-347
58. Nakagawa T, Mazzali M, Kang DH et al. Hyperuricemia causes glomerular hypertrophy in the rat. Am J Nephrol 2003; 23: 2-7
59. Mazzali M, Kanellis J, Han L et al. Hyperuricemia induces a primary renal arteriolopathy in rats by a blood pressure-independent mechanism. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2002; 282: F991-F997
60. Bosman DR, Osborne CA, Marsden JT et al. Erythropoietin response to hypoxia in patients with diabetic autonomic neuropathy and non-diabetic chronic renal failure. Diabet Med 2002; 19: 65-69
61. Brookhart MA, Bradbury BD, Avorn J et al. The effect of altitude change on anemia treatment response in hemodialysis patients. Am J Epidemiol 2011; 173: 768-777
62. Brookhart MA, Schneeweiss S, Avorn J et al. The effect of altitude on dosing and response to erythropoietin in ESRD. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008; 19: 1389-1395