Antibody against TcdB, but not TcdA, prevents development of gastrointestinal and systemic clostridium difficile disease

Journal of Infectious Diseases

Volumn 207, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 323-330

  Steele, Jennifer ^a   Mukherjee, Jean ^a   Parry, Nicola ^b   Tzipori, Saul ^a  

^a TUFTS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

anti toxin antibodies; Clostridium difficile; systemic disease; TcdA; TcdB

Indexed keywords

ALPACA POLYCLONAL ANTIBODY; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; PLACEBO; POLYCLONAL ANTIBODY; TCDA TOXIN; TCDB TOXIN; TOXIN; TOXIN ANTIBODY; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VIRULENCE FACTOR;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANTIBODY SPECIFICITY; ARTICLE; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION; CYTOKINE RESPONSE; DRUG EFFICACY; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; FATALITY; GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE; IMMUNOCYTOTOXICITY; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PIGLET; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ANIMALS; ANTIBODIES, BACTERIAL; ANTIBODIES, MONOCLONAL, HUMANIZED; BACTERIAL PROTEINS; BACTERIAL TOXINS; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; CLOSTRIDIUM INFECTIONS; ENTEROCOLITIS, PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS; ENTEROTOXINS; GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; GERM-FREE LIFE; HUMANS; SWINE;

EID: 84871775506     PISSN: 00221899     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis669     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Gerding DN. Global epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in 2010. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2010; 31(Suppl 1):S32-4.
2. Rupnik M, Wilcox MH, Gerding DN. Clostridium difficile infection: new developments in epidemiology and pathogenesis. Nat Rev Micro-biol 2009; 7:526-36.
3. Lyerly DM, Saum KE, MacDonald DK, Wilkins TD. Effects of Clos-tridium difficile toxins given intragastrically to animals. Infect Immun 1985; 47:349-52.
4. Triadafilopoulos G, Pothoulakis C, O'Brien MJ, LaMont JT. Differential effects of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B on rabbit ileum. Gas-troenterology 1987; 93:273-9.
5. Ehrich M. Interaction of Clostridium difficile toxins and mouse hepatic microsomes. Toxicon 1983; 21:903-7.
6. Hamm EE. Identification of Clostridium difficile toxin B cardiotoxicity using a zebrafish embryo model of intoxication. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:14176-81.
7. Libby JM, Jortner BS, Wilkins TD. Effects of the two toxins of Clos-tridium difficile in antibiotic-associated cecitis in hamsters. Infect Immun 1982; 36:822-9.
8. Kim PH, Iaconis JP, Rolfe RD. Immunization of adult hamsters against Clostridium difficile-associated ileocecitis and transfer of protection to infant hamsters. Infect Immun 1987; 55:2984-92.
9. Kyne L, Warny M, Qamar A, Kelly CP. Association between antibody response to toxin A and protection against recurrent Clostridium difficile diarrhoea. Lancet 2001; 357:189-93.
10. Babcock GJ, Broering TJ, Hernandez HJ, et al. Human monoclonal antibodies directed against toxins A and B prevent Clostridium difficile-induced mortality in hamsters. Infect Immun 2006; 74: 6339-47.
11. Leav BA, Blair B, Leney M, et al. Serum anti-toxin B antibody correlates with protection from recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Vaccine 2010; 28:965-9.
12. Lyras D, O'Connor JR, Howarth PM, et al. Toxin B is essential for virulence of Clostridium difficile. Nature 2009; 458:1176-9.
13. Kuehne SA, Cartman ST, Heap JT, Kelly ML, Cockayne A, Minton NP. The role of toxin A and toxin B in Clostridium difficile infection. Nature 2010; 467:711-3.
14. Steele J, Feng H, Parry N, Tzipori S. Piglet models of acute or chronic Clostridium difficile illness. J Infect Dis 2010; 201:428-34.
15. Yang G, Zhou B, Wang J, et al. Expression of recombinant Clostridium difficile toxin A and B in Bacillus megaterium. BMC Microbiol 2008; 8:192.
16. Lowy I, Molrine DC, Leav BA, et al. Treatment with monoclonal antibodies against Clostridium difficile toxins. N Engl J Med 2010; 362:197-205.
17. Taylor CP, Tummala S, Molrine D, et al. Open-label, dose escalation phase I study in healthy volunteers to evaluate the safety and pharma-cokinetics of a human monoclonal antibody to Clostridium difficile toxin A. Vaccine 2008; 26:3404-9.
18. Akiyoshi DE, Rich CM, O'Sullivan-Murphy S, et al. Characterization of a human monoclonal antibody against Shiga toxin 2 expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Infect Immun 2005; 73:4054-61.
19. Killgore G, Thompson A, Johnson S, et al. Comparison of seven techniques for typing international epidemic strains of Clostridium difficile: restriction endonuclease analysis, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, PCR-ribotyping, multilocus sequence typing, multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis, amplified fragment length polymorphism, and surface layer protein A gene sequence typing. J Clin Microbiol 2008; 46:431-7.
20. He X, Wang J, Steele J, et al. An ultrasensitive rapid immunocytotox-icity assay for detecting Clostridium difficile toxins. J Microbiol Methods 2009; 78:97-100.
21. Steele J, Chen K, Sun X, et al. Systemic dissemination of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B is associated with severe, fatal disease in animal models. J Infect Dis 2012; 205:384-91.
22. Keel MK, Songer JG. The distribution and density of Clostridium difficile toxin receptors on the intestinal mucosa of neonatal pigs. Vet Pathol 2007; 44:814-22.
23. He X, Sun X, Wang J, et al. Antibody-enhanced, Fcγ R-mediated endo-cytosis of Clostridium difficile toxin A. Infect Immun 2009; 77:2294-303.
24. Carter GP, Rood JI, Lyras D. The role of toxin A and toxin B in Clos-tridium difficile-associated disease: Past and present perspectives. Gut Microbes 2010; 1:58-64.