메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 103, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 306-326

Do extraverts get more bang for the buck? Refining the affective-reactivity hypothesis of extraversion

Author keywords

Affective reactivity; BAS; Extraversion; Mood induction; Positive affect

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFFECT; ARTICLE; EXTRAVERSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; PERSONALITY TEST; PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL; REWARD; SATISFACTION;

EID: 84871677865     PISSN: 00223514     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0028372     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (113)

References (105)
  • 1
    • 0031942241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motivational deficits after brain injury: A neuropsychological approach using new assessment techniques
    • doi:10.1037/ 0894-4105.12.1.115
    • Al-Adawi, S., Powell, J. H., & Greenwood, R. J. (1998). Motivational deficits after brain injury: A neuropsychological approach using new assessment techniques. Neuropsychology, 12, 115-124. doi:10.1037/ 0894-4105.12.1.115
    • (1998) Neuropsychology , vol.12 , pp. 115-124
    • Al-Adawi, S.1    Powell, J.H.2    Greenwood, R.J.3
  • 2
    • 0032212956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catecholamine modulation of prefrontal cortical cognitive function
    • doi: 10.1016/S1364-6613(98)01240-6
    • Arnsten, A. F. (1998). Catecholamine modulation of prefrontal cortical cognitive function. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2, 436-447. doi: 10.1016/S1364-6613(98)01240-6
    • (1998) Trends in Cognitive Sciences , vol.2 , pp. 436-447
    • Arnsten, A.F.1
  • 3
    • 0033158786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A neuropsychological theory of positive affect and its influence on cognition
    • doi:10.1037/0033-295X.106.3.529
    • Ashby, F. G., Isen, A. M., & Turken, A. U. (1999). A neuropsychological theory of positive affect and its influence on cognition. Psychological Review, 106, 529-550. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.106.3.529
    • (1999) Psychological Review , vol.106 , pp. 529-550
    • Ashby, F.G.1    Isen, A.M.2    Turken, A.U.3
  • 4
    • 33847641489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opioids for hedonic experience and dopamine to get ready for it
    • doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0521-1
    • Barbano, M. F., & Cador, M. (2007). Opioids for hedonic experience and dopamine to get ready for it. Psychopharmacology, 191, 497-506. doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0521-1
    • (2007) Psychopharmacology , vol.191 , pp. 497-506
    • Barbano, M.F.1    Cador, M.2
  • 5
    • 33750223898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural substrates of psychostimulant-induced arousal
    • doi:10.1038/ sj.npp.1301159
    • Berridge, C. W. (2006). Neural substrates of psychostimulant-induced arousal. Neuropsychopharmacology, 31, 2332-2340. doi:10.1038/ sj.npp.1301159
    • (2006) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.31 , pp. 2332-2340
    • Berridge, C.W.1
  • 6
    • 59349111600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissecting components of reward: "Liking," "wanting," and learning
    • doi:10.1016/j.coph.2008.12.014
    • Berridge, K. C., Robinson, T. E., & Aldridge, J. W. (2009). Dissecting components of reward: "Liking," "wanting," and learning. Current Opinion in Pharmacology, 9, 65-73. doi:10.1016/j.coph.2008.12.014
    • (2009) Current Opinion in Pharmacology , vol.9 , pp. 65-73
    • Berridge, K.C.1    Robinson, T.E.2    Aldridge, J.W.3
  • 7
    • 51549110592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The International Affective Picture System (IAPS) in the study of emotion and attention
    • J. A. Coan & J. J. B. Allen (Eds.), Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
    • Bradley, M. M., & Lang, P. J. (2007). The International Affective Picture System (IAPS) in the study of emotion and attention. In J. A. Coan & J. J. B. Allen (Eds.), Handbook of emotion elicitation and assessment (pp. 29-46). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
    • (2007) Handbook of emotion elicitation and assessment , pp. 29-46
    • Bradley, M.M.1    Lang, P.J.2
  • 9
    • 38549137059 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: The BIS/BAS Scales
    • doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.2.319
    • Carver, C. S., & White, T. L. (1994). Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: The BIS/BAS Scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 319-333. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.2.319
    • (1994) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.67 , pp. 319-333
    • Carver, C.S.1    White, T.L.2
  • 12
    • 28844491747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in extraversion and dopamine genetics reflect reactivity of neural reward circuitry
    • doi:10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.09.018
    • Cohen, M. X., Young, J., Baek, J. M., Kessler, C., & Ranganath, C. (2005). Individual differences in extraversion and dopamine genetics reflect reactivity of neural reward circuitry. Cognitive Brain Research, 25, 851-861. doi:10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.09.018
    • (2005) Cognitive Brain Research , vol.25 , pp. 851-861
    • Cohen, M.X.1    Young, J.2    Baek, J.M.3    Kessler, C.4    Ranganath, C.5
  • 13
    • 0019003846 scopus 로고
    • Influence of extraversion and neuroticism on subjective well-being: Happy and unhappy people
    • doi:10.1037/ 0022-3514.38.4.668
    • Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1980). Influence of extraversion and neuroticism on subjective well-being: Happy and unhappy people. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38, 668-678. doi:10.1037/ 0022-3514.38.4.668
    • (1980) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.38 , pp. 668-678
    • Costa, P.T.1    McCrae Jr., R.R.2
  • 14
    • 0038647952 scopus 로고
    • Professional manual of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory and NEO Five-Factor Inventory
    • Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources
    • Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Professional manual of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory and NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
    • (1992)
    • Costa, P.T.1    McCrae, Jr.R.R.2
  • 15
    • 5044250427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS): Construct validity, measurement properties and normative data in a large non-clinical sample
    • doi:10.1348/0144665031752934
    • Crawford, J. R., & Henry, J. D. (2004). The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS): Construct validity, measurement properties and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43, 245-265. doi:10.1348/0144665031752934
    • (2004) British Journal of Clinical Psychology , vol.43 , pp. 245-265
    • Crawford, J.R.1    Henry, J.D.2
  • 16
    • 0032800569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobiology of the structure of personality: Dopamine, facilitation of incentive motivation, and extra-version
    • doi:10.1017/ S0140525X99002046
    • Depue, R. A., & Collins, P. F. (1999). Neurobiology of the structure of personality: Dopamine, facilitation of incentive motivation, and extra-version. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22, 491-517. doi:10.1017/ S0140525X99002046
    • (1999) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.22 , pp. 491-517
    • Depue, R.A.1    Collins, P.F.2
  • 17
    • 26644451838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A neurobehavioral model of affiliative bonding: Implications for conceptualizing a human trait of affiliation
    • doi: 10.1017/S0140525X05000063
    • Depue, R. A., & Morrone-Strupinsky, J. V. (2005). A neurobehavioral model of affiliative bonding: Implications for conceptualizing a human trait of affiliation. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 28, 313-350. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X05000063
    • (2005) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.28 , pp. 313-350
    • Depue, R.A.1    Morrone-Strupinsky, J.V.2
  • 19
    • 0002683619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality and subjective well-being
    • D. Kahneman, E. Diener, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
    • Diener, E., & Lucas, R. E. (1999). Personality and subjective well-being. In D. Kahneman, E. Diener, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology (pp. 213-229). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
    • (1999) Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology , pp. 213-229
    • Diener, E.1    Lucas, R.E.2
  • 20
    • 36849092393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of neural regions associated with anticipatory versus consummatory phases of incentive processing
    • Dillon, D. G., Holmes, A. J., Jahn, A. L., Bogdan, R., Wald, L. L., & Pizzagalli, D. A. (2008). Dissociation of neural regions associated with anticipatory versus consummatory phases of incentive processing. Psychophysiology, 45, 36-49.
    • (2008) Psychophysiology , vol.45 , pp. 36-49
    • Dillon, D.G.1    Holmes, A.J.2    Jahn, A.L.3    Bogdan, R.4    Wald, L.L.5    Pizzagalli, D.A.6
  • 21
    • 33746287731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mini-IPIP scales: Tiny-yet-effective measures of the Big Five factors of personality
    • doi:10.1037/1040- 3590.18.2.192
    • Donnellan, M. B., Oswald, F. L., Baird, B. M., & Lucas, R. E. (2006). The mini-IPIP scales: Tiny-yet-effective measures of the Big Five factors of personality. Psychological Assessment, 18, 192-203. doi:10.1037/1040- 3590.18.2.192
    • (2006) Psychological Assessment , vol.18 , pp. 192-203
    • Donnellan, M.B.1    Oswald, F.L.2    Baird, B.M.3    Lucas, R.E.4
  • 22
    • 49649105511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A test of the factor structure equivalence of the 50-item IPIP five-factor model measure across gender and ethnic groups
    • doi:10.1080/00223890802248869
    • Ehrhart, K. H., Roesch, S. C., Ehrhart, M. G., & Kilian, B. (2008). A test of the factor structure equivalence of the 50-item IPIP five-factor model measure across gender and ethnic groups. Journal of Personality Assessment, 90, 507-516. doi:10.1080/00223890802248869
    • (2008) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.90 , pp. 507-516
    • Ehrhart, K.H.1    Roesch, S.C.2    Ehrhart, M.G.3    Kilian, B.4
  • 23
    • 85047673567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approach-avoidance motivation in personality: Approach and avoidance temperaments and goals
    • doi:10.1037/0022- 3514.82.5.804
    • Elliot, A. J., & Thrash, T. M. (2002). Approach-avoidance motivation in personality: Approach and avoidance temperaments and goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 804-818. doi:10.1037/0022- 3514.82.5.804
    • (2002) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.82 , pp. 804-818
    • Elliot, A.J.1    Thrash, T.M.2
  • 24
    • 80054730089 scopus 로고
    • The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised
    • Sevenoaks, England: Hodder & Stoughton
    • Eysenck, H. J., & Eysenck, S. B. G. (1991). The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised. Sevenoaks, England: Hodder & Stoughton.
    • (1991)
    • Eysenck, H.J.1    Eysenck, S.B.G.2
  • 25
    • 0001822479 scopus 로고
    • Trait theories of anxiety
    • J. Strelau & H. J. Eysenck (Eds.), New York, NY: Plenum Press.
    • Eysenck, M. (1987). Trait theories of anxiety. In J. Strelau & H. J. Eysenck (Eds.), Personality dimensions and arousal (pp. 79-97). New York, NY: Plenum Press.
    • (1987) Personality dimensions and arousal , pp. 79-97
    • Eysenck, M.1
  • 26
    • 85047685372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a structure- and process-integrated view of personality: Traits as density distributions of states
    • doi:10.1037/0022- 3514.80.6.1011
    • Fleeson, W. (2001). Toward a structure- and process-integrated view of personality: Traits as density distributions of states. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 1011-1027. doi:10.1037/0022- 3514.80.6.1011
    • (2001) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.80 , pp. 1011-1027
    • Fleeson, W.1
  • 27
    • 0018835848 scopus 로고
    • The three arousal model: Implications of Gray's two-factor learning theory for heart rate, electrodermal activity, and psychopathy
    • doi:10.1111/j.1469- 8986.1980.tb00117.x
    • Fowles, D. C. (1980). The three arousal model: Implications of Gray's two-factor learning theory for heart rate, electrodermal activity, and psychopathy. Psychophysiology, 17, 87-104. doi:10.1111/j.1469- 8986.1980.tb00117.x
    • (1980) Psychophysiology , vol.17 , pp. 87-104
    • Fowles, D.C.1
  • 28
    • 33847179367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Required sample size to detect the mediated effect
    • doi:10.1111/ j.1467-9280.2007.01882.x
    • Fritz, M. S., & MacKinnon, D. P. (2007). Required sample size to detect the mediated effect. Psychological Science, 18, 233-239. doi:10.1111/ j.1467-9280.2007.01882.x
    • (2007) Psychological Science , vol.18 , pp. 233-239
    • Fritz, M.S.1    MacKinnon, D.P.2
  • 29
    • 43149085061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approach-motivated positive affect reduces breadth of attention
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02112.x
    • Gable, P. A., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2008). Approach-motivated positive affect reduces breadth of attention. Psychological Science, 19, 476-482. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02112.x
    • (2008) Psychological Science , vol.19 , pp. 476-482
    • Gable, P.A.1    Harmon-Jones, E.2
  • 30
    • 0002490643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A broad-bandwidth, public-domain, personality inventory measuring the lower-level facets of several five-factor models
    • I. Mervielde, I. Deary, F. De Fruyt, & F. Ostendorf (Eds.), Tilburg, the Netherlands: Tilburg University Press.
    • Goldberg, L. R. (1999). A broad-bandwidth, public-domain, personality inventory measuring the lower-level facets of several five-factor models. In I. Mervielde, I. Deary, F. De Fruyt, & F. Ostendorf (Eds.), Personality psychology in Europe (Vol. 7, pp. 7-28). Tilburg, the Netherlands: Tilburg University Press.
    • (1999) Personality psychology in Europe , vol.7 , pp. 7-28
    • Goldberg, L.R.1
  • 31
    • 0034239650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Susceptibility to positive and negative mood states: Test of Eysenck's, Gray's and Newman's theories
    • doi:10.1016/ S0191-8869(99)00198-1
    • Gomez, R., Cooper, A., & Gomez, A. (2000). Susceptibility to positive and negative mood states: Test of Eysenck's, Gray's and Newman's theories. Personality and Individual Differences, 29, 351-365. doi:10.1016/ S0191-8869(99)00198-1
    • (2000) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.29 , pp. 351-365
    • Gomez, R.1    Cooper, A.2    Gomez, A.3
  • 32
    • 0031206105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of reward and punishment on response disinhibition, moods, heart rate and skin conductance level during instrumental learning
    • doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(97)00031-7
    • Gomez, R., & McLaren, S. (1997). The effects of reward and punishment on response disinhibition, moods, heart rate and skin conductance level during instrumental learning. Personality and Individual Differences, 23, 305-316. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(97)00031-7
    • (1997) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.23 , pp. 305-316
    • Gomez, R.1    McLaren, S.2
  • 33
    • 0001842937 scopus 로고
    • Causal models of personality and how to test them
    • J. R. Royce (Ed.), London, England: Academic Press.
    • Gray, J. A. (1973). Causal models of personality and how to test them. In J. R. Royce (Ed.), Multivariate analysis and psychological theory (pp. 409-463). London, England: Academic Press.
    • (1973) Multivariate analysis and psychological theory , pp. 409-463
    • Gray, J.A.1
  • 37
    • 0003160861 scopus 로고
    • An arousal-decision model for partial reinforcement and discrimination learning
    • R. M. Gilbert & N. S. Sutherland (Eds.), London, England: Academic Press.
    • Gray, J. A., & Smith, P. T. (1969). An arousal-decision model for partial reinforcement and discrimination learning. In R. M. Gilbert & N. S. Sutherland (Eds.), Animal discrimination learning (pp. 243-272). London, England: Academic Press.
    • (1969) Animal discrimination learning , pp. 243-272
    • Gray, J.A.1    Smith, P.T.2
  • 38
    • 0001883622 scopus 로고
    • Emotion elicitation using films
    • doi:10.1080/02699939508408966
    • Gross, J. J., & Levenson, R. W. (1995). Emotion elicitation using films. Cognition & Emotion, 9, 87-108. doi:10.1080/02699939508408966
    • (1995) Cognition & Emotion , vol.9 , pp. 87-108
    • Gross, J.J.1    Levenson, R.W.2
  • 39
    • 0032020651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relations between affect and personality: Support for the affect-level and affective-reactivity views
    • doi: 10.1177/0146167298243005
    • Gross, J. J., Sutton, S. K., & Ketelaar, T. (1998). Relations between affect and personality: Support for the affect-level and affective-reactivity views. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 279-288. doi: 10.1177/0146167298243005
    • (1998) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.24 , pp. 279-288
    • Gross, J.J.1    Sutton, S.K.2    Ketelaar, T.3
  • 41
    • 0037265894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interpreting the magnitudes of correlation coefficients
    • doi:10.1037/0003-066X.58.1.78
    • Hemphill, J. F. (2003). Interpreting the magnitudes of correlation coefficients. American Psychologist, 58, 78-79. doi:10.1037/0003- 066X.58.1.78
    • (2003) American Psychologist , vol.58 , pp. 78-79
    • Hemphill, J.F.1
  • 42
    • 8744259745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of naltrexone on the subjective response to amphetamine in healthy volunteers
    • doi:10.1097/01.jcp.0000144893.29987.e5
    • Jayaram-Lindström, N., Wennberg, P., Hurd, Y. L., & Franck, J. (2004). Effects of naltrexone on the subjective response to amphetamine in healthy volunteers. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 24, 665-669. doi:10.1097/01.jcp.0000144893.29987.e5
    • (2004) Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology , vol.24 , pp. 665-669
    • Jayaram-Lindström, N.1    Wennberg, P.2    Hurd, Y.L.3    Franck, J.4
  • 43
    • 0003414592 scopus 로고
    • Oxford, England: Oxford University Press
    • Jeffreys, H. (1961). Theory of probability. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
    • (1961) Theory of probability
    • Jeffreys, H.1
  • 44
    • 84874504137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canli (Ed.), Biology of personality and individual differences. New York, NY: Guilford Press
    • Knutson, B., & Bhanji, J. (2006). Neural substrates for emotional traits? In T. Canli (Ed.), Biology of personality and individual differences (pp. 116-132). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
    • (2006) Neural substrates for emotional traits? , pp. 116-132
    • Knutson, B.1    Bhanji, J.2
  • 45
    • 23344445294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional magnetic resonance imaging of reward prediction
    • doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000173463.24758.f6
    • Knutson, B., & Cooper, J. C. (2005). Functional magnetic resonance imaging of reward prediction. Current Opinion in Neurology, 18, 411- 417. doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000173463.24758.f6
    • (2005) Current Opinion in Neurology , vol.18 , pp. 411-417
    • Knutson, B.1    Cooper, J.C.2
  • 46
    • 46649092057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hedonic brain: A functional neuroanatomy of human pleasure
    • M. L. Kringelbach & K. C. Berridge (Eds.), New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    • Kringelbach, M. L. (2010). The hedonic brain: A functional neuroanatomy of human pleasure. In M. L. Kringelbach & K. C. Berridge (Eds.), Pleasures of the brain (pp. 2202-2221). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    • (2010) Pleasures of the brain , pp. 2202-2221
    • Kringelbach, M.L.1
  • 47
    • 70350002327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a functional neuroanatomy of pleasure and happiness
    • doi:10.1016/j.tics.2009.08.006
    • Kringelbach, M. L., & Berridge, K. C. (2009). Towards a functional neuroanatomy of pleasure and happiness. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 13, 479-487. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2009.08.006
    • (2009) Trends in Cognitive Sciences , vol.13 , pp. 479-487
    • Kringelbach, M.L.1    Berridge, K.C.2
  • 48
    • 46649089066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pleasures of the brain
    • Oxford, England: Oxford University Press
    • Kringelbach, M. L., & Berridge, K. C. (2010). Pleasures of the brain. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
    • (2010)
    • Kringelbach, M.L.1    Berridge, K.C.2
  • 49
    • 0001362461 scopus 로고
    • Extraversion, neuroticism, and susceptibility to positive and negative mood induction procedures
    • doi:10.1016/0191-8869(89)90233-X
    • Larsen, R. J., & Ketelaar, T. (1989). Extraversion, neuroticism, and susceptibility to positive and negative mood induction procedures. Personality and Individual Differences, 10, 1221-1228. doi:10.1016/0191- 8869(89)90233-X
    • (1989) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.10 , pp. 1221-1228
    • Larsen, R.J.1    Ketelaar, T.2
  • 50
    • 0026195942 scopus 로고
    • Personality and susceptibility to positive and negative emotional states
    • doi:10.1037/0022-3514.61.1.132
    • Larsen, R. J., & Ketelaar, T. (1991). Personality and susceptibility to positive and negative emotional states. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 132-140. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.61.1.132
    • (1991) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.61 , pp. 132-140
    • Larsen, R.J.1    Ketelaar, T.2
  • 51
    • 0036897933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amphetamine-induced increases in extracellular dopamine, drug wanting, and novelty seeking: A PET/[11C]raclopride study in healthy men
    • doi:10.1016/S0893-133X(02)00366-4
    • Leyton, M., Boileau, I., Benkelfat, C., Diksic, M., Baker, G., & Dagher, A. (2002). Amphetamine-induced increases in extracellular dopamine, drug wanting, and novelty seeking: A PET/[11C]raclopride study in healthy men. Neuropsychopharmacology, 27, 1027-1035. doi:10.1016/S0893- 133X(02)00366-4
    • (2002) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.27 , pp. 1027-1035
    • Leyton, M.1    Boileau, I.2    Benkelfat, C.3    Diksic, M.4    Baker, G.5    Dagher, A.6
  • 52
    • 30644460902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of wake-active dopaminergic neurons in the ventral periaqueductal gray matter
    • doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2244- 05.2006
    • Lu, J., Jhou, T. C., & Saper, C. B. (2006). Identification of wake-active dopaminergic neurons in the ventral periaqueductal gray matter. The Journal of Neuroscience, 26, 193-202. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2244- 05.2006
    • (2006) The Journal of Neuroscience , vol.26 , pp. 193-202
    • Lu, J.1    Jhou, T.C.2    Saper, C.B.3
  • 53
    • 1642372898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extraversion and emotional reactivity
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.86.3.473
    • Lucas, R. E., & Baird, B. M. (2004). Extraversion and emotional reactivity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86, 473-485. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.86.3.473
    • (2004) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.86 , pp. 473-485
    • Lucas, R.E.1    Baird, B.M.2
  • 54
    • 0034276625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-cultural evidence for the fundamental features of extraversion
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.79.3.452
    • Lucas, R. E., Diener, E., Grob, A., Suh, E. M., & Shao, L. (2000). Cross-cultural evidence for the fundamental features of extraversion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 452-468. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.79.3.452
    • (2000) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.79 , pp. 452-468
    • Lucas, R.E.1    Diener, E.2    Grob, A.3    Suh, E.M.4    Shao, L.5
  • 55
    • 0034573095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing the relation between extraversion and pleasant affect
    • doi:10.1037/0022-3514.79.6.1039
    • Lucas, R. E., & Fujita, F. (2000). Factors influencing the relation between extraversion and pleasant affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 1039-1056. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.79.6.1039
    • (2000) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.79 , pp. 1039-1056
    • Lucas, R.E.1    Fujita, F.2
  • 56
    • 43049092272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explaining the extraversion/positive affect relation: Sociability cannot account for extraverts' greater happiness
    • doi:10.1111/ j.1467-6494.2008.00490.x
    • Lucas, R. E., Le, K., & Dyrenforth, P. S. (2008). Explaining the extraversion/positive affect relation: Sociability cannot account for extraverts' greater happiness. Journal of Personality, 76, 385-414. doi:10.1111/ j.1467-6494.2008.00490.x
    • (2008) Journal of Personality , vol.76 , pp. 385-414
    • Lucas, R.E.1    Le, K.2    Dyrenforth, P.S.3
  • 57
    • 85004720978 scopus 로고
    • Refining the measurement of mood: The UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist
    • doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1990.tb02343.x
    • Matthews, G., Jones, D. M., & Chamberlain, A. G. (1990). Refining the measurement of mood: The UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist. British Journal of Psychology, 81, 17-42. doi:10.1111/j.2044- 8295.1990.tb02343.x
    • (1990) British Journal of Psychology , vol.81 , pp. 17-42
    • Matthews, G.1    Jones, D.M.2    Chamberlain, A.G.3
  • 59
    • 2442681557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neural substrates of reward processing in humans: The modern role of FMRI
    • doi:10.1177/1073858404263526
    • McClure, S. M., York, M. K., & Montague, P. R. (2004). The neural substrates of reward processing in humans: The modern role of FMRI. Neuroscientist, 10, 260-268. doi:10.1177/1073858404263526
    • (2004) Neuroscientist , vol.10 , pp. 260-268
    • McClure, S.M.1    York, M.K.2    Montague, P.R.3
  • 60
    • 75649130411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of state extraversion on four types of affect
    • doi:10.1002/per.738
    • McNiel, J. M., Lowman, J. C., & Fleeson, W. (2010). The effect of state extraversion on four types of affect. European Journal of Personality, 24, 18-35. doi:10.1002/per.738
    • (2010) European Journal of Personality , vol.24 , pp. 18-35
    • McNiel, J.M.1    Lowman, J.C.2    Fleeson, W.3
  • 61
    • 0034239633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Film-induced incentive motivation and positive activation in relation to agentic and affiliative components of extraversion
    • doi:10.1016/S0191- 8869(99)00187-7
    • Morrone, J. V., Depue, R. A., Scherer, A. J., & White, T. L. (2000). Film-induced incentive motivation and positive activation in relation to agentic and affiliative components of extraversion. Personality and Individual Differences, 29, 199-216. doi:10.1016/S0191- 8869(99)00187-7
    • (2000) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.29 , pp. 199-216
    • Morrone, J.V.1    Depue, R.A.2    Scherer, A.J.3    White, T.L.4
  • 62
    • 33947120612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parsing positive emotion in relation to agentic and affiliative components of extraversion
    • doi:10.1016/ j.paid.2006.10.005
    • Morrone-Strupinsky, J., & Lane, R. (2007). Parsing positive emotion in relation to agentic and affiliative components of extraversion. Personality and Individual Differences, 42, 1267-1278. doi:10.1016/ j.paid.2006.10.005
    • (2007) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.42 , pp. 1267-1278
    • Morrone-Strupinsky, J.1    Lane, R.2
  • 63
    • 37349020265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene and approach-related personality traits: Meta-analysis and new data
    • Munafò, M. R., Yalcin, B., Willis-Owen, S. A., & Flint, J. (2008). Association of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene and approach-related personality traits: Meta-analysis and new data. Biological Psychiatry, 15, 197-206.
    • (2008) Biological Psychiatry , vol.15 , pp. 197-206
    • Munafò, M.R.1    Yalcin, B.2    Willis-Owen, S.A.3    Flint, J.4
  • 64
    • 0032229802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased dopaminergic transmission mediates the wake-promoting effects of CNS stimulants
    • Nishino, S., Mao, J., Sampathkumaran, R., & Shelton, J. (1998). Increased dopaminergic transmission mediates the wake-promoting effects of CNS stimulants. Sleep Research Online, 1, 49-61.
    • (1998) Sleep Research Online , vol.1 , pp. 49-61
    • Nishino, S.1    Mao, J.2    Sampathkumaran, R.3    Shelton, J.4
  • 65
    • 84925800413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The core emotional systems of the mammalian brain: The fundamental substrates of human emotions
    • J. Corrigall & H. Payne (Eds.), New York, NY: Routledge.
    • Panksepp, J. (2006). The core emotional systems of the mammalian brain: The fundamental substrates of human emotions. In J. Corrigall & H. Payne (Eds.), About a body: Working with the embodied mind (pp. 14-32). New York, NY: Routledge.
    • (2006) About a body: Working with the embodied mind , pp. 14-32
    • Panksepp, J.1
  • 66
    • 84903409340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuropsychology of impulsive antisocial sensation seeking personality traits: From dopamine to hippocampal function? In R
    • M. Stelmack (Ed.), On the psychobiology of personality: Essays in honor of Marvin Zuckerman. London, England: Elsevier
    • Pickering, A. D. (2004). The neuropsychology of impulsive antisocial sensation seeking personality traits: From dopamine to hippocampal function? In R. M. Stelmack (Ed.), On the psychobiology of personality: Essays in honor of Marvin Zuckerman (pp. 453-476). London, England: Elsevier.
    • (2004) , pp. 453-476
    • Pickering, A.D.1
  • 67
    • 0001164341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuroscience of personality
    • L. Pervin & O. John (Eds.)(2nd ed.), New York, NY: Guilford Press.
    • Pickering, A. D., & Gray, J. A. (1999). The neuroscience of personality. In L. Pervin & O. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality (2nd ed., pp. 277-299). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
    • (1999) Handbook of personality , pp. 277-299
    • Pickering, A.D.1    Gray, J.A.2
  • 68
    • 84926957022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The behavioral activation system: Challenges and opportunities
    • P. J. Corr (Ed.), doi:10.1017/ CBO9780511819384.005
    • Pickering, A. D., & Smillie, L. D. (2008). The behavioral activation system: Challenges and opportunities. In P. J. Corr (Ed.), The reinforce- ment sensitivity theory of personality (pp. 120-154). doi:10.1017/ CBO9780511819384.005
    • (2008) The reinforce- ment sensitivity theory of personality , pp. 120-154
    • Pickering, A.D.1    Smillie, L.D.2
  • 69
    • 23044534918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What do we assess when we assess a Big 5 trait? A content analysis of the affective, behavioral, and cognitive processes represented in the Big 5 personality inventories
    • doi:10.1177/0146167202289013
    • Pytlik Zillig, L. M., Hemenover, S. H., & Dienstbier, R. A. (2002). What do we assess when we assess a Big 5 trait? A content analysis of the affective, behavioral, and cognitive processes represented in the Big 5 personality inventories. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 847-858. doi:10.1177/0146167202289013
    • (2002) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.28 , pp. 847-858
    • Pytlik Zillig, L.M.1    Hemenover, S.H.2    Dienstbier, R.A.3
  • 70
    • 33747885112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A premature consensus: Are happiness and sadness truly opposite affects?
    • doi:10.1007/s11031-006-9004-2
    • Rafaeli, E., & Revelle, W. (2006). A premature consensus: Are happiness and sadness truly opposite affects? Motivation and Emotion, 30, 1-12. doi:10.1007/s11031-006-9004-2
    • (2006) Motivation and Emotion , vol.30 , pp. 1-12
    • Rafaeli, E.1    Revelle, W.2
  • 71
    • 0008924529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extraversion and dopamine: Individual differ- ences in response to changes in dopaminergic activity as a possible biological basis of extraversion
    • doi: 10.1027//1016-9040.3.1.37
    • Rammsayer, T. H. (1998). Extraversion and dopamine: Individual differ- ences in response to changes in dopaminergic activity as a possible biological basis of extraversion. European Psychologist, 3, 37-50. doi: 10.1027//1016-9040.3.1.37
    • (1998) European Psychologist , vol.3 , pp. 37-50
    • Rammsayer, T.H.1
  • 72
    • 84874483741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R Development Core Team. R [Computer software]
    • R Development Core Team. (2010). R [Computer software]. Retrieved from http://www.r-project.org/
    • (2010)
  • 73
    • 0036592360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine agonist and antagonist responders as related to types of nicotine craving and facets of extraversion
    • doi:10.1016/S0278-5846(01)00329-3
    • Reuter, M., Netter, P., Toll, C., & Hennig, J. (2002). Dopamine agonist and antagonist responders as related to types of nicotine craving and facets of extraversion. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 26, 845-853. doi:10.1016/S0278-5846(01)00329-3
    • (2002) Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry , vol.26 , pp. 845-853
    • Reuter, M.1    Netter, P.2    Toll, C.3    Hennig, J.4
  • 74
    • 32844465980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular genetics support Gray's personality theory: The interaction of COMT and DRD2 polymorphisms predicts the behavioural approach system
    • doi:10.1017/ S1461145705005419
    • Reuter, M., Schmitz, A., Corr, P., & Hennig, J. (2006). Molecular genetics support Gray's personality theory: The interaction of COMT and DRD2 polymorphisms predicts the behavioural approach system. The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 9, 155-166. doi:10.1017/ S1461145705005419
    • (2006) The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.9 , pp. 155-166
    • Reuter, M.1    Schmitz, A.2    Corr, P.3    Hennig, J.4
  • 75
    • 0007110814 scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in personality and motivation: "Non-cognitive" determinants of cognitive performance
    • A. Baddeley & L. Weiskrantz (Eds.), Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
    • Revelle, W. (1993). Individual differences in personality and motivation: "Non-cognitive" determinants of cognitive performance. In A. Baddeley & L. Weiskrantz (Eds.), Attention: Selection, awareness, and control: A tribute to Donald Broadbent (pp. 346-373). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
    • (1993) Attention: Selection, awareness, and control: A tribute to Donald Broadbent , pp. 346-373
    • Revelle, W.1
  • 76
    • 84874452243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time of day and activation states: Interactions with impulsivity and neuroticism. Paper presented at the European Association of Personality Psychology Ghent Belgium.
    • Revelle, W., & Anderson, K. J. (1996). Time of day and activation states: Interactions with impulsivity and neuroticism. Paper presented at the European Association of Personality Psychology, Ghent, Belgium.
    • (1996)
    • Revelle, W.1    Anderson, K.J.2
  • 77
    • 84858398440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In D. Sander & K. Scherer (Eds.), Oxford companion to emotion & the affective sciences. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press
    • Revelle, W., & Scherer, K. R. (2010). Personality and emotion. In D. Sander & K. Scherer (Eds.), Oxford companion to emotion & the affective sciences. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
    • (2010) Personality and emotion
    • Revelle, W.1    Scherer, K.R.2
  • 78
    • 51349132317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality is more than reinforcement sensitivity
    • Revelle, W., & Wilt, J. (2008). Personality is more than reinforcement sensitivity. European Journal of Personality, 22, 407-409.
    • (2008) European Journal of Personality , vol.22 , pp. 407-409
    • Revelle, W.1    Wilt, J.2
  • 79
    • 0029995617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobehavioral mechanisms of reward and motivation
    • doi:10.1016/S0959-4388(96)80077-8
    • Robbins, T. W., & Everitt, B. J. (1996). Neurobehavioral mechanisms of reward and motivation. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 6, 228-236. doi:10.1016/S0959-4388(96)80077-8
    • (1996) Current Opinion in Neurobiology , vol.6 , pp. 228-236
    • Robbins, T.W.1    Everitt, B.J.2
  • 80
    • 14044274312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinguishing whether dopamine regulates liking, wanting, and/or learning about rewards
    • doi:10.1037/0735-7044.119.1.5
    • Robinson, S., Sandstrom, S. M., Denenberg, V. H., & Palmiter, R. D. (2005). Distinguishing whether dopamine regulates liking, wanting, and/or learning about rewards. Behavioral Neuroscience, 119, 5-15. doi:10.1037/0735-7044.119.1.5
    • (2005) Behavioral Neuroscience , vol.119 , pp. 5-15
    • Robinson, S.1    Sandstrom, S.M.2    Denenberg, V.H.3    Palmiter, R.D.4
  • 81
    • 0019774651 scopus 로고
    • The measurement of extraversion: A comparison of the Eysenck Personality Inventory and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
    • doi:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1981.tb00498.x
    • Rocklin, T., & Revelle, W. (1981). The measurement of extraversion: A comparison of the Eysenck Personality Inventory and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. British Journal of Social Psychology, 20, 279-284. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1981.tb00498.x
    • (1981) British Journal of Social Psychology , vol.20 , pp. 279-284
    • Rocklin, T.1    Revelle, W.2
  • 82
    • 0028671874 scopus 로고
    • A review of the effects of dopaminergic agents in humans: Implications for medication development
    • In L. Erinoff & R. M. Brown (Eds.), Neurobiological models for evaluating mechanisms underlying cocaine addiction (NIDA Research Monograph 145). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
    • Rothman, R. B. (1994). A review of the effects of dopaminergic agents in humans: Implications for medication development. In L. Erinoff & R. M. Brown (Eds.), Neurobiological models for evaluating mechanisms underlying cocaine addiction (NIDA Research Monograph 145, pp. 67-87). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
    • (1994) , pp. 67-87
    • Rothman, R.B.1
  • 83
    • 66849115379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bayesian t tests for accepting and rejecting the null hypothesis
    • doi:10.3758/PBR.16.2.225
    • Rouder, J. N., Speckman, P. L., Sun, D., & Morey, R. D. (2009). Bayesian t tests for accepting and rejecting the null hypothesis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 16, 225-237. doi:10.3758/PBR.16.2.225
    • (2009) Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , vol.16 , pp. 225-237
    • Rouder, J.N.1    Speckman, P.L.2    Sun, D.3    Morey, R.D.4
  • 84
    • 0033125011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Core affect, prototypical emotional episodes, and other things called emotion: Dissecting the elephant
    • doi:10.1037/0022-3514.76.5.805
    • Russell, J. A., & Feldman Barrett, L. (1999). Core affect, prototypical emotional episodes, and other things called emotion: Dissecting the elephant. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 805-819. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.76.5.805
    • (1999) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.76 , pp. 805-819
    • Russell, J.A.1    Feldman Barrett, L.2
  • 85
    • 77953758903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • More than happy: The need for disentangling positive emotions
    • doi:10.1177/0963721409359290
    • Sauter, D. (2010). More than happy: The need for disentangling positive emotions. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19, 36-40. doi:10.1177/0963721409359290
    • (2010) Current Directions in Psychological Science , vol.19 , pp. 36-40
    • Sauter, D.1
  • 86
    • 0031867046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons
    • Schultz, W. (1998). Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons. Journal of Neurophysiology, 80, 1-27.
    • (1998) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.80 , pp. 1-27
    • Schultz, W.1
  • 88
    • 51349093283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is reinforcement sensitivity? Neuroscience paradigms for approach-avoidance process theories of personality
    • doi:10.1002/per.674
    • Smillie, L. D. (2008). What is reinforcement sensitivity? Neuroscience paradigms for approach-avoidance process theories of personality. European Journal of Personality, 22, 359-384. doi:10.1002/per.674
    • (2008) European Journal of Personality , vol.22 , pp. 359-384
    • Smillie, L.D.1
  • 89
    • 80054745393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in reward-prediction-error: Extraversion and feedback-related negativity
    • doi:10.1093/scan/nsq078
    • Smillie, L. D., Cooper, A., & Pickering, A. D. (2011). Individual differ- ences in reward-prediction-error: Extraversion and feedback-related negativity. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 6, 646-652. doi:10.1093/scan/nsq078
    • (2011) Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience , vol.6 , pp. 646-652
    • Smillie, L.D.1    Cooper, A.2    Pickering, A.D.3
  • 90
    • 72249109163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in DRD2 dopamine gene predicts extraverted personality
    • doi:10.1016/j.neulet 9280.1997.2009.10.095
    • Smillie, L. D., Cooper, A., Proitsi, P., Powell, J., & Pickering, A. D. (2010). Variation in DRD2 dopamine gene predicts extraverted person- ality. Neuroscience Letters, 468, 234-237. doi:10.1016/j.neulet 9280.1997.2009.10.095
    • (2010) Neuroscience Letters , vol.468 , pp. 234-237
    • Smillie, L.D.1    Cooper, A.2    Proitsi, P.3    Powell, J.4    Pickering, A.D.5
  • 91
    • 33947697651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinguishing between learning and motivation in behavioral tests of the reinforcement sensitivity theory of personality.
    • doi:10.1177/0146167206296951
    • Smillie, L. D., Dalgleish, L. I., & Jackson, C. J. (2007). Distinguishing between learning and motivation in behavioral tests of the reinforcement
    • (2007) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.33 , pp. 476-489
    • Smillie, L.D.1    Dalgleish, L.I.2    Jackson, C.J.3
  • 92
    • 33644814360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional impulsivity and reinforcement sensitivity theory
    • doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00369.x
    • Smillie, L. D., & Jackson, C. J. (2006). Functional impulsivity and reinforcement sensitivity theory. Journal of Personality, 74, 47-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00369.x
    • (2006) Journal of Personality , vol.74 , pp. 47-84
    • Smillie, L.D.1    Jackson, C.J.2
  • 93
    • 0346938412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prefrontal brain asymmetry: A biological substrate of the behavioral approach and inhibition systems
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00413.x
    • Sutton, S. K., & Davidson, R. J. (1997). Prefrontal brain asymmetry: A biological substrate of the behavioral approach and inhibition systems. Psychological Science, 8, 204-210. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00413.x
    • (1997) Psychological Science , vol.8 , pp. 204-210
    • Sutton, S.K.1    Davidson, R.J.2
  • 94
    • 0002348036 scopus 로고
    • Structures of mood and personality and their relevance to assessing anxiety, with an emphasis on self-report
    • A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • Tellegen, A. (1985). Structures of mood and personality and their relevance to assessing anxiety, with an emphasis on self-report. In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 681-706). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1985) Anxiety and the anxiety disorders , pp. 681-706
    • Tellegen, A.1
  • 96
    • 78649904946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconsidering anhedonia in depression: Lessons from translational neuroscience
    • doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.06.006
    • Treadway, M. T., & Zald, D. H. (2011). Reconsidering anhedonia in depression: Lessons from translational neuroscience. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 35, 537-555. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.06.006
    • (2011) Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews , vol.35 , pp. 537-555
    • Treadway, M.T.1    Zald, D.H.2
  • 97
    • 33746377946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating the dopaminergic basis of extraversion in humans: A multilevel approach
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.91.1.171
    • Wacker, J., Chavanon, M. L., & Stemmler, G. (2006). Investigating the dopaminergic basis of extraversion in humans: A multilevel approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 171-187. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.91.1.171
    • (2006) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.91 , pp. 171-187
    • Wacker, J.1    Chavanon, M.L.2    Stemmler, G.3
  • 98
    • 0024023344 scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales
    • doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
    • Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063-1070. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
    • (1988) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.54 , pp. 1063-1070
    • Watson, D.1    Clark, L.A.2    Tellegen, A.3
  • 99
    • 0030538086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative effectiveness and validity of mood induction procedures: A meta- analysis
    • doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0992(199607)26:4<557::AID-EJSP769>3.0.CO; 2-4
    • Westermann, R., Spies, K., Stahl, G., & Hesse, F. W. (1996). Relative effectiveness and validity of mood induction procedures: A meta- analysis. European Journal of Social Psychology, 26, 557-580. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0992(199607)26:4<557::AID-EJSP769>3.0.CO; 2-4
    • (1996) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.26 , pp. 557-580
    • Westermann, R.1    Spies, K.2    Stahl, G.3    Hesse, F.W.4
  • 100
  • 101
    • 84866769528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamic role of personality states in mediating the relationship between extraversion and positive affect.
    • Advance online publication. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2011.00756.x
    • Wilt, J., Noftle, E. E., Fleeson, W., & Spain, J. S. (2012). The dynamic role of personality states in mediating the relationship between extraversion and positive affect. Journal of Personality. Advance online publication. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2011.00756.x
    • (2012) Journal of Personality.
    • Wilt, J.1    Noftle, E.E.2    Fleeson, W.3    Spain, J.S.4
  • 103
    • 2642519680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine, learning and motivation
    • doi:10.1038/nrn1406
    • Wise, R. A. (2004). Dopamine, learning and motivation. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 5, 483-494. doi:10.1038/nrn1406
    • (2004) Nature Reviews Neuroscience , vol.5 , pp. 483-494
    • Wise, R.A.1
  • 104
    • 33748772269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced specificity of autobiographical memories following a negative mood induction
    • doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2005.10.011
    • Yeung, C. A., Dalgleish, T., Golden, A., & Schartau, P. (2006). Reduced specificity of autobiographical memories following a negative mood induction. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 1481-1490. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2005.10.011
    • (2006) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.44 , pp. 1481-1490
    • Yeung, C.A.1    Dalgleish, T.2    Golden, A.3    Schartau, P.4
  • 105
    • 0033412141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure of self-reported current affect: Integration and beyond
    • doi:10.1037/0022-3514.77.3.600
    • Yik, M. S. M., Russell, J. A., & Barrett, L. F. (1999). Structure of self-reported current affect: Integration and beyond. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 600-619. doi:10.1037/0022- 3514.77.3.600
    • (1999) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.77 , pp. 600-619
    • Yik, M.S.M.1    Russell, J.A.2    Barrett, L.F.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.