Communicative functions of GPI-anchored surface proteins in unicellular eukaryotes

Critical Reviews in Microbiology

Volumn 39, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 70-78

  Simon, Martin C ^a   Kusch, Jürgen ^a  

^a France   (Germany)

Author keywords

Antigenic variation; Cell cell communication; Glycosylphosphatidylinositol; Kairomone; Phospholipase C

Indexed keywords

GLYCOSYLPHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL; OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEIN; PHOSPHOLIPASE C;

ANTIGENIC VARIATION; CELL COMMUNICATION; ENZYME ACTIVITY; EUKARYOTE; GLYCOBIOLOGY; INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN SECRETION; PROTIST; REVIEW;

ALVEOLATA; CELL COMMUNICATION; GLYCOSYLPHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOLS;

PROTISTA;

EID: 84871414122     PISSN: 1040841X     EISSN: 15497828     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/1040841X.2012.691459     Document Type: Review

References (60)

1. Arai H, Inoue K, Nishikawa K, Banno Y, Nozawa Y, Nojima S. (1986). Properties of acid phospholipases in lysosome and extracellular medium of Tetrahymena pyriformis. J Biochem, 99, 125-133. (Pubitemid 16188305)
2. Azzouz N, Striepen B, Gerold P, Capdeville Y, Schwarz RT. (1995). Glycosylinositol-phosphoceramide in the free-living protozoan Paramecium primaurelia: modification of core glycans by mannosyl phosphate. EMBO J, 14, 4422-4433.
3. Benwakrim A, Trémolière A, Labarre J, Capdeville Y. (1998). The lipid moiety of the GPI-anchor of the major plasma membrane proteins in Paramecium primaurelia is a ceramide: variation of the amidelinked fatty acid composition as a function of growth temperature. Protist, 149, 39-50. (Pubitemid 28331588)
4. Bisharyan Y. (2010). GPI-anchored proteins in ciliated protozoa: from Ca signaling to mitochondrial extrusion. PhD thesis, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. Available at: http://hdl.handle. net/1813/14909
5. Bisharyan Y, Clark TG. (2011). Calcium-dependent mitochondrial extrusion in ciliated protozoa. Mitochondrion, 11, 909-918.
6. Capdeville Y. (2000). Paramecium GPI proteins: variability of expression and localization. Protist, 151, 161-169. (Pubitemid 30647878)
7. Christensen ST, Sørensen H, Beyer NH, Kristiansen K, Rasmussen L, Rasmussen MI. (2001). Cell death in Tetrahymena thermophila: new observations on culture conditions. Cell Biol Int, 25, 509-519. (Pubitemid 32595149)
8. Clark TG, Forney JD. (2003). Free-living and parasitic ciliates. In: Craig A, Scherf A, ed. Antigenic Variation. Oxford: Elsevier Books, 375-402.
9. Cross ML, Matthews RA. (1992). Ichthyophthiriasis in carp. Cyprinus carpio L.: fate of parasites in immunized fish. J Fish Dis, 15, 497-505.
10. Deregnaucourt C. (1992). Turnover of the GPI-anchored surface antigen in Paramecium. Partial release of its acetylated form into the culture medium. Eur J Protistol, 28, 220-225.
11. Ferguson MA. (1999). The structure, biosynthesis and functions of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors, and the contributions of trypanosome research. J Cell Sci, 112 (Pt 17), 2799-2809. (Pubitemid 29430025)
12. Florin-Christensen J, Florin-Christensen M, Rasmussen L, Knudsen J. (1986). An acid phospholipase C from Tetrahymena culture medium. Comp Biochem Physiol, 85B, 143-148.
13. Flötenmeyer M, Momayezi M, Plattner H. (1999). Immunolabeling analysis of biosynthetic and degradative pathways of cell surface components (glycocalyx) in Paramecium cells. Eur J Cell Biol, 78, 67-77. (Pubitemid 29083953)
14. Ghiladi M, Christensen ST, Schousboe P, Rasmussen L. (1992). Compounds stimulating growth and multiplication in ciliates. Do also free-living cells release growth factors? Naturwissenschaften, 79, 234-235.
15. Gomer RH, Yuen IS, Firtel RA. (1991). A secreted 80 × 10(3) Mr protein mediates sensing of cell density and the onset of development in Dictyostelium. Development, 112, 269-278.
16. Gomer RH, Jang W, Brazill D. (2011). Cell density sensing and size determination. Dev Growth Differ, 53, 482-494.
17. Hammarström S, Olsen A, Teglund S, Baranov V. (1998). The nature and expression of the human CEA family. In: Stanners CP, ed. Cell Adhesion and Communication Mediated by the CEA Family: Basic and Clinical Perspectives. Vol. 5. Amsterdam: Hardwood Academic Publishers, 1-30.
18. Harumoto T, Miyake A. (1993). Possible participation of surface antigens of Paramecium in predator-prey interaction. J Eukaryot Microbiol, 40, 27A.
19. Harumoto T. (1994). The role of trichocyst discharge and backward swimming in escaping behavior of Paramecium from Dileptus margaritifer. J Eukaryot Microbiol, 41, 560-564.
20. Jones IG. (1965). Studies on the characterization and structure of the immobilization antigens of Paramecium aurelia. Biochem J, 96, 17-23.
21. Juergensmeyer EB. (1969). Serotype expression and transformation in Tetrahymena pyriformis. J Protozool, 16, 344-352.
22. Klöppel C, Müller A, Marker S, Simon M. (2009). Two isoforms of eukaryotic phospholipase C in Paramecium affecting transport and release of GPI-anchored proteins in vivo. Eur J Cell Biol, 88, 577-592.
23. Ko YG, Hung CY, Thompson GA Jr. (1995). Temperature regulation of the Tetrahymena mimbres glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein lipid composition. Biochem J, 307 (Pt 1), 115-121.
24. Kobayashi T, Nishizaki R, Ikezawa H. (1997). The presence of GPI-linked protein(s) in an archaeobacterium, Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, closely related to eukaryotes. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1334, 1-4. (Pubitemid 27063938)
25. Kopp M, Tollrian R. (2003). Reciprocal phenotypic plasticity in a predator-prey system: inducible offences against inducible defences? Ecol Lett, 6, 742-748. (Pubitemid 36941109)
26. Kuhlmann HW, Heckmann K. (1985). Interspecific morphogens regulating prey-predator relationships in protozoa. Science, 227, 1347-1349.
27. Kuhlmann H-W. (1993). Giants in Lembadion bullinum (Ciliophora, Hymenostomata)-General morphology and inducing conditions. Arch Protistenkd, 143, 325-336.
28. Kusch J, Heckmann K. (1992). Isolation of the Lembadion-factor, a morphogenetically active signal, that induces Euplotes cells to change from their ovoid form into a larger lateral winged morph. Dev Genet, 13, 241-246.
29. Kusch J. (1993a). Induction of defensive morphological changes in ciliates. Oecologia, 94, 571-575. (Pubitemid 24408517)
30. Kusch J. (1993b). Behavioural and morphological changes in ciliates induced by the predator Amoeba proteus. Oecologia, 96, 354-359.
31. Kusch J. (1994). The cell cycle of Euplotes aediculatus (Ciliophora) at various population densities. Arch Protistenkd, 144, 1-6. (Pubitemid 2075498)
32. Kusch J. (1995). Adaptation of inducible defence in Euplotes daidaleos (Ciliophora) to predation risks by various predators. Microbial Ecol, 30, 79-88. (Pubitemid 26481777)
33. Kusch J. (1999). Self-recognition as the original function of an amoeban defense-inducing kairomone. Ecology, 80, 715-720. (Pubitemid 29126142)
34. Lauc G. (2006). Sweet secret of the multicellular life. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1760, 525-526.
35. Lauc G, Heffer-Lauc M. (2006). Shedding and uptake of gangliosides and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1760, 584-602.
36. Lauc G, Rudan I, Campbell H, Rudd PM. (2010). Complex genetic regulation of protein glycosylation. Mol Biosyst, 6, 329-335.
37. Lin TL, Clark TG, Dickerson H. (1996). Passive immunization of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) against the ciliated protozoan parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis by use of murine monoclonal antibodies. Infect Immun, 64, 4085-4090. (Pubitemid 26318127)
38. Low MG, Prasad AR. (1988). A phospholipase D specific for the phosphatidylinositol anchor of cell-surface proteins is abundant in plasma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 85, 980-984. (Pubitemid 18073946)
39. Low MG. (1989). Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol: a versatile anchor for cell surface proteins. FASEB J, 3, 1600-1608.
40. Margolin P, Loefer JB, Owen RD. (1959). Immobilizing antigens of Tetrahymena pyriformis. J Protozool, 6, 207-215.
41. Momayezi M, Albrecht P, Plattner H, Schmidt HJ. (2004). Temperatureinduced change of variant surface antigen expression in Paramecium involves antigen release into the culture medium with considerable delay between transcription and surface expression. J Membr Biol, 200, 15-23. (Pubitemid 39180534)
42. Müller A, Klöppel C, Smith-Valentine M, Van Houten J, Simon M. (2012). Selective and programmed cleavage of GPI-anchored proteins from the surface membrane by phospholipase C. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1818, 117-124.
43. Naghibalhossaini F, Stanners CP. (2004). Minimal mutations are required to effect a radical change in function in CEA family members of the Ig superfamily. J Cell Sci, 117, 761-769. (Pubitemid 38263220)
44. Naghibalhossaini F, Yoder AD, Tobi M, Stanners CP. (2007). Evolution of a tumorigenic property conferred by glycophosphatidyl-inositol membrane anchors of carcinoembryonic antigen gene family members during the primate radiation. Mol Biol Cell, 18, 1366-1374. (Pubitemid 46626631)
45. Orlean P, Menon AK. (2007). Thematic review series: lipid posttranslational modifications. GPI anchoring of protein in yeast and mammalian cells, or: how we learned to stop worrying and love glycophospholipids. J Lipid Res, 48, 993-1011. (Pubitemid 46708667)
46. Oxley D, Bacic A. (1999). Structure of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor of an arabinogalactan protein from Pyrus communis suspension-cultured cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 96, 14246-14251. (Pubitemid 30000636)
47. Paquette CA, Rakochy V, Bush A, Van Houten JL. (2001). Glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins in Paramecium tetraurelia: possible role in chemoresponse. J Exp Biol, 204, 2899-2910. (Pubitemid 34861396)
48. Paulick MG, Bertozzi CR. (2008). The glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor: a complex membrane-anchoring structure for proteins. Biochemistry, 47, 6991-7000. (Pubitemid 351956348)
49. Peters-Regehr T, Kusch J, Heckmann K. (1997). Primary structure and origin of a predator released protein that induces defensive morphological changes in Euplotes. Eur J Protistol, 33, 389-395. (Pubitemid 28065474)
50. Preer JR Jr. (1959). Studies on the immobilization antigens of Paramecium. I. Assay methods. J Immunol, 83, 276-283.
51. Preer JR. (1986). Surface antigens of Paramecium. In: Gall JG, ed. The Molecular Biology of Ciliated Protozoa. New York: Academic Press, 301-339.
52. Roberts WL, Myher JJ, Kuksis A, Low MG, Rosenberry TL. (1988). Lipid analysis of the glycoinositol phospholipid membrane anchor of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase. Palmitoylation of inositol results in resistance to phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. J Biol Chem, 263, 18766-18775. (Pubitemid 19016334)
53. Simon MC, Marker S, Schmidt HJ. (2006). Inefficient serotype knock down leads to stable coexistence of different surface antigens on the outer membrane in Paramecium tetraurelia. Eur J Protistol, 42, 49-53.
54. Simon MC, Schmidt HJ. (2007). Antigenic variation in ciliates: antigen structure, function, expression. J Eukaryot Microbiol, 54, 1-7. (Pubitemid 46184532)
55. Stanners CP, Fuks A. (1998). Properties of adhesion mediated by the human CEA family. In: Stanners CP, ed. Cell Adhesion and Communication Mediated by the CEA Family: Basic and Clinical Perspectives. Vol. 5. Amsterdam: Hardwood Academic Publishers, 57-71.
56. Tollrian R, Harvell CD. (1999). The evolution of inducible defenses. Chicago: Princeton University Press.
57. Van Donk E. (2007). Chemical information transfer in freshwater plankton. Ecol Inf, 2, 112-120. (Pubitemid 47374036)
58. Xu C, Clark TG, Leff AA, Dickerson HW. (1995). Analysis of the soluble and membrane-bound immobilization antigens of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. J Eukaryot Microbiol, 42, 558-564.
59. Yuen IS, Taphouse C, Halfant KA, Gomer RH. (1991). Regulation and processing of a secreted protein that mediates sensing of cell density in Dictyostelium. Development, 113, 1375-1385.
60. Zoldoš V, Grgurevi S, Lauc G. (2010). Epigenetic regulation of protein glycosylation. BioMol Concepts, 1, 253-261.