Falls prevention in older adults assessment and management

Australian Family Physician

Volumn 41, Issue 12, 2012, Pages 930-935

  Waldron, Nicholas ^a   Hill, Anne Marie ^b   Barker, Anna ^c  

^a DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME   (Australia)

^c MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Accidental falls; Elderly; Exercise; Prevention; Vitamin D

Indexed keywords

BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; VITAMIN D;

AGED; ARTICLE; EXERCISE; FALLING; FRACTURE; HUMAN; RISK ASSESSMENT; VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY;

ACCIDENTAL FALLS; AGED; BENZODIAZEPINES; EXERCISE; FRACTURES, BONE; HUMANS; RISK ASSESSMENT; VITAMIN D; VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY;

EID: 84871133838     PISSN: 03008495     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Sartini M, Cristina ML, Spagnolo AM, et al. The epidemiology of domestic injurious falls in a community dwelling elderly population: an outgrowing economic burden. Eur J Public Health 2010;20:604-6.
2. Nitz JC, Low Choy NL. Falling is not just for older women: support for preemptive prevention intervention before 60. Climacteric 2008;11:461-6.
3. Sterling DA, O'Connor JA, Bonadies J. Geriatric falls: injury severity is high and disproportionate to mechanism. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2001;50:116-9.
4. Vu MQ, Weintraub N, Rubenstein LZ. Falls in the nursing home: are they preventable? J Am Med Dir Assoc 2006;7:S53-8, 52.
5. Delbaere K, Crombez G, Vanderstraeten G, Willems T, Cambier D. Fearrelated avoidance of activities, falls and physical frailty. A prospective community-based cohort study. Age Ageing 2004;33:368-73.
6. Vellas BJ, Wayne SJ, Romero LJ, Baumgartner RN, Garry PJ. Fear of falling and restriction of mobility in elderly fallers. Age Ageing 1997;26:189-93.
7. Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Healthcare (ACSQHC). Preventing falls and harm from falls in older people: best practice guidelines for Australian community care. Canberra (ACT): Commonwealth of Australia, 2009.
8. Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, Gillespie WJ, et al. Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009(2):CD007146.
9. Cameron ID, Murray GR, Gillespie LD, et al. Interventions for preventing falls in older people in nursing care facilities and hospitals. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010(1):CD005465.
10. Michael YL, Whitlock EP, Lin JS, Fu R, O'Connor EA, Gold R. Primary care-relevant interventions to prevent falling in older adults: a systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2010;153:815-25.
11. Thomas S, Mackintosh S, Halbert J. Does the 'Otago Exercise Programme' reduce mortality and falls in older adults?: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Age Ageing 2010;39:681-7.
12. Summary of the Updated American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatrics Society clinical practice guideline for prevention of falls in older persons. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011;59:148-57.
13. Sherrington C, Tiedemann A, Fairhall N, Close JC, Lord SR. Exercise to prevent falls in older adults: an updated meta-analysis and best practice recommendations. New South Wales Public Health Bulletin 2011;22:78-83.
14. Chase CA, Mann K, Wasek S, Arbesman M. Systematic review of the effect of home modification and fall prevention programs on falls and the performance of community-dwelling older adults. Am J Occup Ther 2012;66:284-91.
15. Moller J. Current costing models: are they suitable for allocating health resources? The example of fall injury prevention in Australia. Accid Anal Prev 2005;37:25-33.
16. Kreisfeld RH, J. Hospital separations due to injury and poisoning 2005-06. Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2010.
17. Monagle S. Reducing falls in community dwelling elderly. The role of GP care planning. Aust Family Physician 2002;31:1111-5.
18. Campbell AJ, Borrie MJ, Spears GF. Risk factors for falls in a communitybased prospective study of people 70 years and older. J Gerontol 1989;44:M112-7.
19. Low Choy NL, Brauer SG, Nitz JC. Age-related changes in strength and somatosensation during midlife: rationale for targeted preventive intervention programs. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007;1114:180-93.
20. Muir SW, Gopaul K, Montero Odasso MM. The role of cognitive impairment in fall risk among older adults: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Age Ageing 2012;41:299-308.
21. Deandrea S, Lucenteforte E, Bravi F, Foschi R, La Vecchia C, Negri E. Risk factors for falls in community-dwelling older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiol 2010;21:658-68.
22. Low Choy NL, Brauer S, Nitz JC. Linking stability to demographics, strength and sensory system function in women over 40 to support preemptive preventive intervention. Climacteric 2008;11:144-54.
23. Whitney JC, Lord SR, Close JC. Streamlining assessment and intervention in a falls clinic using the Timed Up and Go test and physiological profile assessments. Age Ageing 2005;34:567-71.
24. Davies AJ, Steen N, Kenny RA. Carotid sinus hypersensitivity is common in older patients presenting to an accident and emergency department with unexplained falls. Age Ageing 2001;30:289-93.
25. Kenny RA, Richardson DA, Steen N, Bexton RS, Shaw FE, Bond J. Carotid sinus syndrome: a modifiable risk factor for nonaccidental falls in older adults (SAFE PACE). J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;38:1491-6.
26. Ryan DJ, Nick S, Colette SM, Roseanne K. Carotid sinus syndrome, should we pace? A multicentre, randomised control trial (Safepace 2). Heart 2010;96:347-51.
27. Campbell AJ, Robertson MC. Rethinking individual and community fall prevention strategies: a meta-regression comparing single and multifactorial interventions. Age Ageing 2007;36:656-62.
28. B ell JS, Blacker N, Edwards S, et al. Osteoporosis - pharmacological prevention and management in older people. Aust Fam Physician 2012;41:110-8.
29. National Falls Prevention for Older People Initiative (2000). Step Out with Confidence - A study into the information needs and perceptions of older Australians concerning falls and their prevention. Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care, Managing Innovation - Marketing Consultancy Network Pty Ltd. 2000. Available at www.health.gov.au/internet/ main/publishing.nsf/Content/F8258F38E1722BB1CA25702F00779E08/$Fil e/fallsinfo.pdf [Accessed 31 October 2012].
30. Hill KD, Moore KJ, Dorevitch MI, Day LM. Effectiveness of falls clinics: an evaluation of outcomes and client adherence to recommended interventions. J Am Geriatr Soc 2008;56:600-8.
31. Pahor M, Blair SN, Espeland M, et al. Effects of a physical activity intervention on measures of physical performance: results of the lifestyle interventions and independence for Elders Pilot (LIFE-P) study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2006;61:1157-65.
32. Hill A-M, Hoffmann T, McPhail S, et al. Factors associated with older patients' engagement in exercise after hospital discharge. Arch Phys Med Rehab 2011;92:1395-403.
33. Whitehead CH, Wundke R, Crotty M. Attitudes to falls and injury prevention: what are the barriers to implementing falls prevention strategies? Clin Rehabil 2006;20:536-42.
34. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Willett WC, Orav EJ, et al. A pooled analysis of vitamin D dose requirements for fracture prevention. N Engl J Med 2012;367:40-9.
35. Sanders KM, Stuart AL, Williamson EJ, et al. Annual high-dose oral vitamin D and falls and fractures in older women: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2010;303:1815-22.
36. Preville M, Hebert R, Boyer R, Bravo G. Correlates of psychotropic drug use in the elderly compared to adults aged 18-64: results from the Quebec Health Survey. Aging Ment Health 2001;5:216-24.
37. B loch F, Thibaud M, Dugue B, Breque C, Rigaud AS, Kemoun G. Psychotropic drugs and falls in the elderly people: updated literature review and meta-analysis. J Aging Health 2011;23:329-46.
38. B oyle N, Naganathan V, Cumming RG. Medication and falls: risk and optimization. Clin Geriatr Med 2010;26:583-605.
39. Jorm AF, Grayson D, Creasey H, Waite L, Broe GA. Long-term benzodiazepine use by elderly people living in the community. Aust N Z J Public Health 2000;24:7-10.
40. Jorm AF, Grayson D, Creasey H, Waite L, Broe GA. Long-term benzodiazepine use by elderly people living in the community. Aust New Z J Public Health 2000;24:7-10.
41. Glass J, Lanctot KL, Herrmann N, Sproule BA, Busto UE. Sedative hypnotics in older people with insomnia: meta-analysis of risks and benefits. BMJ 2005;331:1169.
42. van der Hooft CS, Schoofs MW, Ziere G, et al. Inappropriate benzodiazepine use in older adults and the risk of fracture. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;66:276-82.
43. Kripke DF, Langer RD, Kline LE. Hypnotics' association with mortality or cancer: a matched cohort study. BMJ open 2012;2(1):e000850.
44. McCurry SM, Logsdon RG, Teri L, Vitiello MV. Evidence-based psychological treatments for insomnia in older adults. Psychol Aging 2007;22:18-27.
45. L emoine P, Nir T, Laudon M, Zisapel N. Prolonged-release melatonin improves sleep quality and morning alertness in insomnia patients aged 55 years and older and has no withdrawal effects. J Sleep Res 2007;16:372-80.
46. Voshaar RC, Gorgels WJ, Mol AJ, et al. Tapering off long-term benzodiazepine use with or without group cognitive-behavioural therapy: three-condition, randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2003;182:498-504.
47. Voshaar RC, Couvee JE, van Balkom AJ, Mulder PG, Zitman FG. Strategies for discontinuing long-term benzodiazepine use: meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 2006;189:213-20.
48. Kunz D, Bineau S, Maman K, Milea D, Toumi M. Benzodiazepine discontinuation with prolonged-release melatonin: hints from a German longitudinal prescription database. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2012;13:9-16.
49. L ord SR, Dayhew J, Howland A. Multifocal glasses impair edge-contrast sensitivity and depth perception and increase the risk of falls in older people. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50:1760-6.
50. Haran MJ, Cameron ID, Ivers RQ, et al. Effect on falls of providing single lens distance vision glasses to multifocal glasses wearers: VISIBLE randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2010;340:c2265.
51. Campbell AJ, Robertson MC, La Grow SJ, et al. Randomised controlled trial of prevention of falls in people aged > or =75 with severe visual impairment: the VIP trial. BMJ 2005;331:817.
52. B arker AL, Nitz JC, Low Choy NL, Haines T. Measuring fall risk and predicting who will fall: clinimetric properties of four fall risk assessment tools for residential aged care. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2009;64:916-24.
53. Flicker L, MacInnis RJ, Stein MS, et al. Should older people in residential care receive vitamin D to prevent falls? Results of a randomized trial. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005;53:1881-8.
54. Campbell AJ, Robertson MC. Comprehensive approach to fall prevention on a national level: New Zealand. Clin Geriatr Med 2010;26:719-31.
55. Zermansky AG, Alldred DP, Petty DR, et al. Clinical medication review by a pharmacist of elderly people living in care homes - randomised controlled trial. Age Ageing 2006;35:586-91.
56. Stafford AC, Alswayan MS, Tenni PC. Inappropriate prescribing in older residents of Australian care homes. J Clinical Pharm Ther 2011;36:33-44.
57. Gillespie WJ, Gillespie LD, Parker MJ. Hip protectors for preventing hip fractures in older people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010(10):CD001255.
58. Spink MJ, Menz HB, Fotoohabadi MR, et al. Effectiveness of a multifaceted podiatry intervention to prevent falls in community dwelling older people with disabling foot pain: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2011;342:d3411.