Gemcitabine-loaded liposomes: Rationale, potentialities and future perspectives

International Journal of Nanomedicine

Volumn 7, Issue , 2012, Pages 5423-5436

  Federico, Cinzia ^a   Morittu, Valeria M ^a   Britti, Domenico ^a   Trapasso, Elena ^a   Cosco, Donato ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO   (Italy)

Author keywords

Gemcitabine; Liposomes; Multidrug; Poly(ethylene glycol); Tumors

Indexed keywords

CYTARABINE; DEOXYCYTIDINE; DOXORUBICIN; GEMCITABINE; LIPOSOME; PACLITAXEL; TAMOXIFEN;

ANAPLASTIC THYROID CANCER; ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; BONE MARROW TOXICITY; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CARDIOTOXICITY; COLLOID; COMPLEX FORMATION; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG CYTOTOXICITY; DRUG DISTRIBUTION; DRUG DOSE COMPARISON; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG ELIMINATION; DRUG FORMULATION; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG RETENTION; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG STABILITY; DRUG STRUCTURE; ENCAPSULATION; HUMAN; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; LIPOSOMAL DELIVERY; LUNG CANCER; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; METASTASIS; NONHUMAN; PANCREAS CARCINOMA; PLASMA HALF LIFE; PROSTATE CANCER; REVIEW; SOLID TUMOR; THYROID CARCINOMA; TUMOR LOCALIZATION;

ANTIMETABOLITES, ANTINEOPLASTIC; DEOXYCYTIDINE; FORECASTING; HUMANS; LIPOSOMES; NANOCAPSULES; NANOMEDICINE; NEOPLASMS;

EID: 84870307894     PISSN: 11769114     EISSN: 11782013     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S34025     Document Type: Review

References (73)

1. Cavallaro G, Licciardi M, Salmaso S, Caliceti P, Giammona G. Folate-mediated targeting of polymeric conjugates of gemcitabine. Int J Pharm. 2006;307(2):258-269.
2. Immordino ML, Dosio F, Cattel L. Stealth liposomes: review of the basic science, rationale, and clinical applications, existing and potential. Int J Nanomedicine. 2006;1(3):297-315.
3. Trapani G, Denora N, Trapani A, Laquintana V. Recent advances in ligand targeted therapy. J Drug Target. 2012;20(1):1-22.
4. Heinemann V. Role of gemcitabine in the treatment of advanced and metastatic breast cancer. Oncology. 2003;64(3):191-206.
5. Pauwels B, Korst AE, Lardon F, Vermorken JB. Combined modality therapy of gemcitabine and radiation. Oncologist. 2005;10(1):34-51.
6. Mini E, Nobili S, Caciagli B, Landini I, Mazzei T. Cellular pharmacology of gemcitabine. Ann Oncol. 2006;17 Suppl 5:7-12.
7. Lostao MP, Mata JF, Larrayoz IM, etal. Electrogenic uptake of nucleosides and nucleoside-derived drugs by the human nucleoside transporter 1 (hCNT1) expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. FEBS Lett. 2000;481(2):137-140.
8. Ueno H, Kiyosawa K, Kaniwa N. Pharmacogenomics of gemcitabine: can genetic studies lead to tailor-made therapy? Br J Cancer. 2007;97(2):145-151.
9. Ritzel MW, Ng AM, Yao SY, etal. Recent molecular advances in studies of the concentrative-dependent nucleoside transporter (CNT) family: identification and characterization of novel human and mouse proteins (hCNT3 and mCNT3) broadly selective for purine and pyrimidine nucleosides (system cib). Mol Membr Biol. 2001;18(1):65-72.
10. Bhutia YD, Hung SW, Patel B, Lovin D, Govindarajan R. CNT1 expression influences proliferation and chemosensitivity in drug-resistant pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2011;71(5):1825-1835.
11. Cosco D, Bulotta A, Ventura M, etal. In vivo activity of gemcitabine-loaded PEGylated small unilamellar liposomes against pancreatic cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2009;64(5):1009-1020.
12. Allen C, Dos SN, Gallagher R, etal. Controlling the physical behavior and biological performance of liposome formulations through use of surface grafted poly(ethylene glycol). Biosci Rep. 2002;22(2):225-250.
13. Knop K, Hoogenboom R, Fischer D, Schubert US. Poly(ethylene glycol) in drug delivery: pros and cons as well as potential alternatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2010;49(36):6288-6308.
14. Bergman AM, Pinedo HM, Peters GJ. Determinants of resistance to 2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine (gemcitabine). Drug Resist Updat. 2002;5(1):19-33.
15. Brusa P, Immordino ML, Rocco F, Cattel L. Antitumor activity and pharmacokinetics of liposomes containing lipophilic gemcitabine prodrugs. Anticancer Res. 2007;27(1A):195-199.
16. Ohhashi S, Ohuchida K, Mizumoto K, etal. Down-regulation of deoxycytidine kinase enhances acquired resistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer. Anticancer Res. 2008;28(4B):2205-2212.
17. Zhang X, Yashiro M, Qiu H, etal. Establishment and characterization of multidrug-resistant gastric cancer cell lines. Anticancer Res. 2010;30(3):915-921.
18. Gabizon AA, Shmeeda H, Zalipsky S. Pros and cons of the liposome platform in cancer drug targeting. J Liposome Res. 2006;16(3):175-183.
19. Dasanu CA. Gemcitabine: vascular toxicity and prothrombotic potential. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2008;7(6):703-706.
20. Reddy LH, Couvreur P. Novel approaches to deliver gemcitabine to cancers. Curr Pharm Des. 2008;14(11):1124-1137.
21. Celia C, Cosco D, Paolino D, Fresta M. Gemcitabine-loaded innovative nanocarriers vs Gemzar: Biodistribution, pharmacokinetic features and in vivo antitumor activity. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2011;8(12):1609-1629.
22. Barenholz YC. Doxil®-The first FDA-approved nano-drug: lessons learned. J Control Release. 2012;160(2):117-134.
23. Paolino D, Cosco D, Cilurzo F, Fresta M. Innovative drug delivery systems for the administration of natural compounds. Curr Bioact Compd. 2007;3:262-277.
24. Muthu MS, Singh S. Targeted nanomedicines: effective treatment modalities for cancer, AIDS and brain disorders. Nanomedicine (Lond). 2009;4(1):105-118.
25. Yang F, Jin C, Jiang Y, etal. Liposome based delivery systems in pancreatic cancer treatment: from bench to bedside. Cancer Treat Rev. 2011;37(8):633-642.
26. Torchilin V. Antibody-modified liposomes for cancer chemotherapy. Expert Opin Drug Del. 2008;5(9):1003-1025.
27. Yan X, Scherphof GL, Kamps JA. Liposome opsonization. J Liposome Res. 2005;15(1-2):109-139.
28. Decuzzi P, Causa F, Ferrari M, Netti PA. The effective dispersion of nanovectors within the tumor microvasculature. Ann Biomed Eng. 2006;34(4):633-641.
29. Cosco D, Paolino D, Muzzalupo R, etal. Novel PEG-coated niosomes based on bola-surfactant as drug carriers for 5-fluorouracil. Biomed Microdevices. 2009;11(5):1115-1125.
30. Pasut G, Veronese FM. PEGylation for improving the effectiveness of therapeutic biomolecules. Drugs Today (Barc). 2009;45(9):687-695.
31. Veronese FM, Pasut G. PEGylation, successful approach to drug delivery. Drug Discov Today. 2005;10(21):1451-1458.
32. Gabizon A, Shmeeda H, Barenholz Y. Pharmacokinetics of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin: review of animal and human studies. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2003;42(5):419-436.
33. Niu G, Cogburn B, Hughes J. Preparation and characterization of doxorubicin liposomes. Methods Mol Biol. 2010;624:211-219.
34. Duggan ST, Keating GM. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin: a review of its use in metastatic breast cancer, ovarian cancer, multiple myeloma and AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. Drugs. 2011;71(18):2531-2558.
35. Celano M, Calvagno MG, Bulotta S, etal. Cytotoxic effects of gemcitabine-loaded liposomes in human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells. BMC Cancer. 2004;4:63.
36. Calvagno MG, Celia C, Paolino D, etal. Effects of lipid composition and preparation conditions on physical-chemical properties, technological parameters and in vitro biological activity of gemcitabine-loaded liposomes. Curr Drug Deliv. 2007;4(1):89-101.
37. Castelli F, Raudino A, Fresta M. A mechanistic study of the permeation kinetics through biomembrane models: gemcitabine-phospholipid bilayer interaction. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2005;285(1):110-117.
38. Liang W, Levchenko T, Khaw BA, Torchilin V. ATP-containing immunoliposomes specific for cardiac myosin. Curr Drug Deliv. 2004;1(1):1-7.
39. Immordino ML, Brusa P, Rocco F, Arpicco S, Ceruti M, Cattel L. Preparation, characterization, cytotoxicity and pharmacokinetics of liposomes containing lipophilic gemcitabine prodrugs. J Control Release. 2004;100(3):331-346.
40. Couvreur P, Stella B, Reddy LH, etal. Squalenoyl nanomedicines as potential therapeutics. Nano Lett. 2006;6(11):2544-2548.
41. Reddy LH, Dubernet C, Mouelhi SL, Marque PE, Desmaele D, Couvreur P. A new nanomedicine of gemcitabine displays enhanced anticancer activity in sensitive and resistant leukemia types. J Control Release. 2007;124(1-2):20-27.
42. Pili B, Reddy LH, Bourgaux C, Lepetre-Mouelhi S, Desmaele D, Couvreur P. Liposomal squalenoyl-gemcitabine: formulation, characterization and anticancer activity evaluation. Nanoscale. 2010;2(8):1521-1526.
43. Ishida T, Harada M, Wang XY, Ichihara M, Irimura K, Kiwada H. Accelerated blood clearance of PEGylated liposomes following preceding liposome injection: effects of lipid dose and PEG surface-density and chain length of the first-dose liposomes. J Control Release. 2005;105(3):305-317.
44. Dams ET, Laverman P, Oyen WJ, etal. Accelerated blood clearance and altered biodistribution of repeated injections of sterically stabilized liposomes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000;292(3):1071-1079.
45. Ishida T, Kiwada H. Accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon upon repeated injection of PEGylated liposomes. Int J Pharm. 2008;354(1-2):56-62.
46. Paolino D, Cosco D, Molinaro R, Celia C, Fresta M. Supramolecular devices to improve the treatment of brain diseases. Drug Discov Today. 2011;16(7-8):311-324.
47. Ishihara T, Maeda T, Sakamoto H, etal. Evasion of the accelerated blood clearance phenomenon by coating of nanoparticles with various hydrophilic polymers. Biomacromolecules. 2010;11(10):2700-2706.
48. Xu H, Wang KQ, Deng YH, Chen da W. Effects of cleavable PEG-cholesterol derivatives on the accelerated blood clearance of PEGylated liposomes. Biomaterials. 2010;31(17):4757-4763.
49. Pasut G, Canal F, Dalla Via L, Arpicco S, Veronese FM, Schiavon O. Antitumoral activity of PEG-gemcitabine prodrugs targeted by folic acid. J Control Release. 2008;127(3):239-248.
50. Paolino D, Cosco D, Racanicchi L, etal. Gemcitabine-loaded PEGylated unilamellar liposomes vs GEMZAR: biodistribution, pharmacokinetic features and in vivo antitumor activity. J Control Release. 2010;144(2):144-150.
51. Vono M, Cosco D, Celia C, etal. In vitro evaluation of the activity of gemcitabine-loaded pegylated unilamellar liposomes against papillary thyroid cancer cells. The Open Drug Delivery Journal. 2010;4:55-62.
52. Dan N. Effect of liposome charge and PEG polymer layer thickness on cell-liposome electrostatic interactions. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002;1564(2):343-348.
53. Borowik T, Widerak K, Ugorski M, Langner M. Combined effect of surface electrostatic charge and poly(ethyl glycol) on the association of liposomes with colon carcinoma cells. J Liposome Res. 2005;15(3-4):199-213.
54. Celia C, Calvagno MG, Paolino D, etal. Improved in vitro anti-tumoral activity, intracellular uptake and apoptotic induction of gemcitabine-loaded pegylated unilamellar liposomes. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2008;8(4):2102-2113.
55. Celia C, Malara N, Terracciano R, etal. Liposomal delivery improves the growth-inhibitory and apoptotic activity of low doses of gemcitabine in multiple myeloma cancer cells. Nanomedicine. 2008;4(2):155-166.
56. Bornmann C, Graeser R, Esser N, etal. A new liposomal formulation of gemcitabine is active in an orthotopic mouse model of pancreatic cancer accessible to bioluminescence imaging. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2008;61(3):395-405.
57. Jantscheff P, Ziroli V, Esser N, etal. Anti-metastatic effects of liposomal gemcitabine in a human orthotopic LNCaP prostate cancer xenograft model. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2009;26(8):981-992.
58. Moog R, Burger AM, Brandl M, etal. Change in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behavior of gemcitabine in human tumor xenografts upon entrapment in vesicular phospholipid gels. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2002;49(5):356-366.
59. Kim IY, Kang YS, Lee DS, etal. Antitumor activity of EGFR targeted pH-sensitive immunoliposomes encapsulating gemcitabine in A549 xenograft nude mice. J Control Release. 2009;140(1):55-60.
60. Celano M, Schenone S, Cosco D, etal. Cytotoxic effects of a novel pyrazolopyrimidine derivative entrapped in liposomes in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells in vitro and in xenograft tumors in vivo. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2008;15(2):499-510.
61. Drulis-Kawa Z, Dorotkiewicz-Jach A. Liposomes as delivery systems for antibiotics. Int J Pharm. 2010;387(1-2):187-198.
62. Robert NJ, Vogel CL, Henderson IC, etal. The role of the liposomal anthracyclines and other systemic therapies in the management of advanced breast cancer. Semin Oncol. 2004;31(6 Suppl 13):106-146.
63. Injac R, Strukelj B. Recent advances in protection against doxorubicin-induced toxicity. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2008;7(6):497-516.
64. Colomer R. What is the best schedule for administration of gemcitabine-taxane? Cancer Treat Rev. 2005;31 Suppl 4:S23-S28.
65. Harasym TO, Tardi PG, Harasym NL, Harvie P, Johnstone SA, Mayer LD. Increased preclinical efficacy of irinotecan and floxuridine co-encapsulated inside liposomes is associated with tumor delivery of synergistic drug ratios. Oncol Res. 2007;16(8):361-374.
66. Tardi PG, Gallagher RC, Johnstone S, etal. Coencapsulation of irinotecan and floxuridine into low cholesterol-containing liposomes that coordinate drug release in vivo. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007;1768(3):678-687.
67. Tardi PG, Dos Santos N, Harasym TO, etal. Drug ratio-dependent antitumor activity of irinotecan and cisplatin combinations in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cancer Ther. 2009;8(8):2266-2275.
68. Cosco D, Paolino D, Maiuolo J, Russo D, Fresta M. Liposomes as multicompartmental carriers for multidrug delivery in anticancer chemotherapy. Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2011;1:66-75.
69. Cosco D, Paolino D, Cilurzo F, Casale F, Fresta M. Gemcitabine and tamoxifen-loaded liposomes as multidrug carriers for the treatment of breast cancer diseases. Int J Pharm. 2012;422(1-2):229-237.
70. Zheng A, Kallio A, Härkönen P. Tamoxifen-induced rapid death of MCF-7 breast cancer cells is mediated via extracellularly signal-regulated kinase signaling and can be abrogated by estrogen. Endocrinology. 2007;148(6):2764-2777.
71. Brauch H, Jordan VC. Targeting of tamoxifen to enhance antitumor action for the treatment and prevention of breast cancer: the 'personalised' approach? Eur J Cancer. 2009;45(13):2274-2283.
72. Paolino D, Cosco D, Licciardi M, Giammona G, Fresta M, Cavallaro G. Polyaspartyl hydrazide copolymer-based supramolecular vesicular aggregates as delivery devices for anticancer drugs. Biomacromolecules. 2008;9(4):1117-1130.
73. Licciardi M, Paolino D, Celia C, Giammona G, Cavallaro G, Fresta M. Folate-targeted supramolecular vesicular aggregates based on polyaspartyl-hydrazide copolymers for the selective delivery of antitumoral drugs. Biomaterials. 2010;31(28):7340-7354.