Reading with a filtered fovea: The influence of visual quality at the point of fixation during reading

Psychonomic Bulletin and Review

Volumn 19, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 1078-1084

  Jordan, Timothy R ^a   McGowan, Victoria A ^a   Paterson, Kevin B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Eye movements; Reading; Spatial frequencies

Indexed keywords

EID: 84870186928     PISSN: 10699384     EISSN: 15315320     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3758/s13423-012-0307-x     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Allen, P. A., Smith, A. F., Lien, M. C., Kaut, K. P., & Canfield, A. (2009). A multi-stream model of visual word recognition. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 71, 281-296.
2. Bailey, I. L., & Lovie, J. E. (1980). The design and use of a new near-vision chart. American Journal of Optometry and Physiological Optics, 57, 378-387.
3. Blakemore, C., & Campbell, F. W. (1969). Adaptation to spatial stimuli. The Journal of Physiology, 2000, 11-13.
4. Boden, C., & Giaschi, D. (2009). The role of low-spatial frequencies in lexical decision and masked priming. Brain and Cognition, 69, 580-591.
5. Drieghe, D. (2008). Foveal processing and word skipping during reading. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 15, 856-860.
6. Duchowski, A. T. (2007). Eye tracking methodology: Theory and practice. London: Springer.
7. Engbert, R., Nuthmann, A., Richter, E., & Kliegl, R. (2005). SWIFT: A dynamical model of saccade generation during reading. Psychological Review, 112, 777-813.
8. Faye, E. E. (1984). Clinical Low Vision. Boston: Little, Brown & Co.
9. Ferris, F. L., & Bailey, I. L. (1996). Standardizing the measurement of visual acuity for clinical research studies. Ophthalmology, 103, 181-182.
10. Fine, E. M., & Rubin, G. S. (1999). Reading with a central field loss: Number of letters masked is more important than the size of the mask in degrees. Vision Research, 39, 747-756.
11. Green, D. G. (1970). Regional variations in the visual acuity for interference fringes on the retina. The Journal of Physiology, 207, 351-356.
12. Jordan, T. R. (1990). Presenting words without interior letters: Superiority over single letters and influence of postmask boundaries. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 16, 893-909.
13. Jordan, T. R. (1995). Perceiving exterior letters of words: Differential influences of letter-fragment and nonletter fragment masks. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 21, 512-530.
14. Jordan, T. R., McGowan, V. A., & Paterson, K. B. (2011). Out of sight, out of mind: The rarity of assessing and reporting participants' visual abilities when studying perception of linguistic stimuli. Perception, 40, 873-876.
15. Legge, G. E., Rubin, G. S., Pelli, D. G., & Schleske, M. M. (1985). Psychophysics of reading. II. Low vision. Vision Research, 25, 253-266.
16. McConkie, G. W., Kerr, P. W., Reddix, M. D., & Zola, D. (1988). Eye movement control during reading: I. The location of initial fixations in words. Vision Research, 28, 1107-1118.
17. McConkie, G. W., & Rayner, K. (1975). The span of the effective stimulus during a fixation in reading. Perception & Psychophysics, 17, 578-586.
18. Montés-Micó, R. (2007). Role of the tear film in the optical quality of the human eye. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, 33, 1631-1635.
19. O'Regan, J. K., Lévy-Schoen, A., Pynte, J., & Brugaillère, B. (1984). Convenient fixation location within isolated words of different length and structure. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 10, 250-257.
20. Owsley, C. (2011). Aging and vision. Vision Research, 51, 1610-22.
21. Patching, G. R., & Jordan, T. R. (2005a). Assessing the role of different spatial frequencies in word perception by good and poor readers. Memory & Cognition, 33, 961-971.
22. Patching, G. R., & Jordan, T. R. (2005b). Spatial frequency sensitivity differences between adults of good and poor reading ability. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 46, 2219-2224.
23. Pelli, D. G., Robson, J. G., & Wilkins, A. J. (1988). The design of a new letter chart for measuring contrast sensitivity. Clinical Vision Science, 2, 187-199.
24. Pollatsek, A., Reichle, E. D., & Rayner, K. (2006). Tests of the E-Z Reader model: Exploring the interface between cognition and eye-movement control. Cognitive Psychology, 52, 1-56.
25. Rayner, K. (2009). Eye movements and attention in reading, scene perception, and visual search. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62, 1457-1506.
26. Rayner, K., & Bertera, J. H. (1979). Reading without a fovea. Science, 206, 468-469.
27. Rayner, K., Inhoff, A. W., Morrison, R. E., Slowiaczek, M. L., & Bertera, J. H. (1981). Masking of foveal and parafoveal vision during eye fixations in reading. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 7, 167-179.
28. Rayner, K., Liversedge, S. P., & White, S. J. (2006). Eye movements when reading disappearing text: The importance of the word to the right of fixation. Vision Research, 46, 310-323.
29. Rayner, K., Liversedge, S. P., White, S. J., & Vergilino-Perez, D. (2003). Reading disappearing text: Cognitive control of eye movements. Psychological Science, 14, 385-388.
30. Reichle, E. D., Liversedge, S. P., Rayner, K., & Pollatsek, A. (2009). Encoding multiple words simultaneously in reading is implausible. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 13, 115-119.
31. Reichle, E. D., Pollatsek, A., Fisher, D. L., & Rayner, K. (1998). Toward a model of eye movement control in reading. Psychological Review, 105, 125-157.
32. Reichle, E. D., Rayner, K., & Pollatsek, A. (2003). The E-Z Reader model of eye-movement control in reading: Comparisons to other models. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 26, 445-526.
33. Reingold, E. M., & Rayner, K. (2006). Examining the word identification stages hypothesized by the E - Z reader model. Psychological Science, 17, 742-746.
34. Ridder, W. H., & Tomlinson, A. (1993). Suppression of contrast sensitivity during eyelid blinks. Vision Research, 33, 1795-1802.
35. Ridder, W. H., & Tomlinson, A. (1995). Spectral characteristics of blink suppression in normal observers. Vision Research, 35, 2569-2578.
36. Riggs, L. A. (1965). Visual acuity. In C. H. Graham (Ed.), Vision and visual perception (pp. 321-349). New York: Wiley.
37. Robson, J. G. (1966). Spatial and temporal contrast sensitivity functions of the visual system. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 56, 141-142.
38. Stevens, M., & Grainger, J. (2003). Letter visibility and the viewing position effect in visual word recognition. Perception & Psychophysics, 65, 133-151.
39. Whittaker, S. G., & Lovie-Kitchin, J. (1993). Visual requirements for reading. Optometry and Vision Science, 70, 54-65.
40. Young, L. K., Liversedge, S. P., Love, G. D., Myers, R. M., & Smithson, H. E. (2011). Reading impairment depends on aberration type and magnitude. Journal of Vision, 11(13), 1-19. 20.