메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 123, Issue 12, 2012, Pages 2406-2413

Deep brain stimulation: Subthalamic nucleus electrophysiological activity in awake and anesthetized patients

Author keywords

Deep brain stimulation; General anesthesia; Ketamine; Microelectrode recording; Subthalamic nucleus

Indexed keywords

GADOLINIUM; KETAMINE; KETANEST; REMIFENTANIL;

EID: 84869097396     PISSN: 13882457     EISSN: 18728952     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2012.04.027     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (52)

References (53)
  • 1
    • 0345215186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine decreases intracranial pressure and electroencephalographic activity in traumatic brain injury patients during propofol sedation
    • Albanèse J., Arnaud S., Rey M., Thomachot L., Alliez B., Martin C. Ketamine decreases intracranial pressure and electroencephalographic activity in traumatic brain injury patients during propofol sedation. Anesthesiology 1997, 87:1328-1334.
    • (1997) Anesthesiology , vol.87 , pp. 1328-1334
    • Albanèse, J.1    Arnaud, S.2    Rey, M.3    Thomachot, L.4    Alliez, B.5    Martin, C.6
  • 2
    • 0028307361 scopus 로고
    • Propofol-contrasting effects in movement disorders
    • Anderson B.J., Marks P.V., Futter M.E. Propofol-contrasting effects in movement disorders. Br J Neurosurg 1994, 8:387-388.
    • (1994) Br J Neurosurg , vol.8 , pp. 387-388
    • Anderson, B.J.1    Marks, P.V.2    Futter, M.E.3
  • 3
    • 0035029414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of dexmedetomidine infusion for awake craniotomy
    • Bekker A.Y., Kaufman B., Samir H., Doyle W. The use of dexmedetomidine infusion for awake craniotomy. Anesth Analg 2001, 92:1251-1253.
    • (2001) Anesth Analg , vol.92 , pp. 1251-1253
    • Bekker, A.Y.1    Kaufman, B.2    Samir, H.3    Doyle, W.4
  • 4
    • 57149090487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus for the treatment of Parkinson's disease
    • Benabid A.L., Chabardes S., Mitrofanis J., Pollak P. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Lancet Neurol 2009, 8:67-81.
    • (2009) Lancet Neurol , vol.8 , pp. 67-81
    • Benabid, A.L.1    Chabardes, S.2    Mitrofanis, J.3    Pollak, P.4
  • 5
    • 18744418445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporary suppression of tremor by remifentanil in a patient with Parkinson's disease during cataract extraction under local anesthesia
    • Bohmdorfer W., Schwarzinger P., Binder S., Sporn P. Temporary suppression of tremor by remifentanil in a patient with Parkinson's disease during cataract extraction under local anesthesia. Anaesthesist 2003, 52:795-797.
    • (2003) Anaesthesist , vol.52 , pp. 795-797
    • Bohmdorfer, W.1    Schwarzinger, P.2    Binder, S.3    Sporn, P.4
  • 8
    • 81355141542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subthalamic deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease under different anesthetic modalities: a comparative cohort study
    • Chen S.Y., Tsai S.T., Lin S.H., Chen T.Y., Hung H.Y., Lee C.W., et al. Subthalamic deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease under different anesthetic modalities: a comparative cohort study. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 2011, 89:372-380.
    • (2011) Stereotact Funct Neurosurg , vol.89 , pp. 372-380
    • Chen, S.Y.1    Tsai, S.T.2    Lin, S.H.3    Chen, T.Y.4    Hung, H.Y.5    Lee, C.W.6
  • 9
    • 0033428823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Core assessment program for surgical interventional therapies in Parkinson's disease (CAPSIT-PD)
    • Defer G., Widner H., Marie R.M., Remy P., Levivier M. Core assessment program for surgical interventional therapies in Parkinson's disease (CAPSIT-PD). Mov Disord 1999, 14:572-584.
    • (1999) Mov Disord , vol.14 , pp. 572-584
    • Defer, G.1    Widner, H.2    Marie, R.M.3    Remy, P.4    Levivier, M.5
  • 10
    • 33744955097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propofol-induced dyskinesias controlled with dexmedetomidine during deep brain stimulation surgery
    • Deogaonkar A., Deogaonkar M., Lee J.Y., Ebrahim Z., Schubert A. Propofol-induced dyskinesias controlled with dexmedetomidine during deep brain stimulation surgery. Anesthesiology 2006, 104:1337-1339.
    • (2006) Anesthesiology , vol.104 , pp. 1337-1339
    • Deogaonkar, A.1    Deogaonkar, M.2    Lee, J.Y.3    Ebrahim, Z.4    Schubert, A.5
  • 11
    • 52649100591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dexmedetomidine and arousal affect of subthalamic neurons
    • Elias W.J., Durieux M.E., Huss D., Frysinger R.C. Dexmedetomidine and arousal affect of subthalamic neurons. Mov Disord 2008, 23:1317-1320.
    • (2008) Mov Disord , vol.23 , pp. 1317-1320
    • Elias, W.J.1    Durieux, M.E.2    Huss, D.3    Frysinger, R.C.4
  • 12
    • 18744368748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling of the sedative and airway obstruction effects of propofol in patients with Parkinson disease undergoing stereotactic surgery
    • Fabregas N., Rapado J., Gambus P.L., Valero R., Carrero E., Salvador L., et al. Modeling of the sedative and airway obstruction effects of propofol in patients with Parkinson disease undergoing stereotactic surgery. Anesthesiology 2002, 97:1378-1386.
    • (2002) Anesthesiology , vol.97 , pp. 1378-1386
    • Fabregas, N.1    Rapado, J.2    Gambus, P.L.3    Valero, R.4    Carrero, E.5    Salvador, L.6
  • 13
    • 0032975404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computer analysis of the tonic, phasic, and kinesthetic activity of pallidal discharges in parkinsonian patients
    • Favre J., Taha J.M., Baumann T., Burchiel K.J. Computer analysis of the tonic, phasic, and kinesthetic activity of pallidal discharges in parkinsonian patients. Surg Neurol 1999, 51:665-673.
    • (1999) Surg Neurol , vol.51 , pp. 665-673
    • Favre, J.1    Taha, J.M.2    Baumann, T.3    Burchiel, K.J.4
  • 14
    • 0030046875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscarinic signaling in the central nervous system: recent developments and anaesthetic implications
    • Fisher D., Durieux M.E. Muscarinic signaling in the central nervous system: recent developments and anaesthetic implications. Anesthesiology 1996, 84:173-189.
    • (1996) Anesthesiology , vol.84 , pp. 173-189
    • Fisher, D.1    Durieux, M.E.2
  • 16
    • 2342474607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine is a safe, effective, and appropriate technique for emergency department pediatric procedural sedation
    • Green S., Krauss B. Ketamine is a safe, effective, and appropriate technique for emergency department pediatric procedural sedation. Emerg Med J 2004, 21:271-272.
    • (2004) Emerg Med J , vol.21 , pp. 271-272
    • Green, S.1    Krauss, B.2
  • 17
    • 14044271987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correspondence of microelectrode mapping with magnetic resonance imaging for subthalamic nucleus procedure
    • Hamani C., Richter E.O., Andrade-Souza Y., Hutchison W., Saint-Cyr J.A., Lozano A.M. Correspondence of microelectrode mapping with magnetic resonance imaging for subthalamic nucleus procedure. Surg Neurol 2005, 63:249-253.
    • (2005) Surg Neurol , vol.63 , pp. 249-253
    • Hamani, C.1    Richter, E.O.2    Andrade-Souza, Y.3    Hutchison, W.4    Saint-Cyr, J.A.5    Lozano, A.M.6
  • 18
    • 84855376477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus for advanced Parkinson disease using general anesthesia: long-term results
    • Harries A.M., Kausar J., Roberts S.A., Mocroft A.P., Hodson J.A., Pall H.S., et al. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus for advanced Parkinson disease using general anesthesia: long-term results. J Neurosurg 2012, 116:107-113.
    • (2012) J Neurosurg , vol.116 , pp. 107-113
    • Harries, A.M.1    Kausar, J.2    Roberts, S.A.3    Mocroft, A.P.4    Hodson, J.A.5    Pall, H.S.6
  • 19
    • 33845233452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implantation of electrodes for deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in advanced Parkinson's disease with the aid of intraoperative microrecording under general anesthesia
    • Hertel F., Züchner M., Weimar I., Gemmar P., Noll B., Bettag M., et al. Implantation of electrodes for deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in advanced Parkinson's disease with the aid of intraoperative microrecording under general anesthesia. Neurosurgery 2006, 59:1138-1145.
    • (2006) Neurosurgery , vol.59 , pp. 1138-1145
    • Hertel, F.1    Züchner, M.2    Weimar, I.3    Gemmar, P.4    Noll, B.5    Bettag, M.6
  • 21
    • 0028845699 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of the chiral forms of ketamine with opioid, phencyclidine, and muscarinic receptors
    • Hustveit O., Maurset A., Oye I. Interaction of the chiral forms of ketamine with opioid, phencyclidine, and muscarinic receptors. Pharmacol Toxicol 1995, 77:355-359.
    • (1995) Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.77 , pp. 355-359
    • Hustveit, O.1    Maurset, A.2    Oye, I.3
  • 22
    • 0031784165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiological identification of the subthalamic nucleus in surgery for Parkinson's disease
    • Hutchison W.D., Allan R.J., Opitz H., Levy R., Dostrovsky J.O., Lang A.E., et al. Neurophysiological identification of the subthalamic nucleus in surgery for Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 1998, 44:622-628.
    • (1998) Ann Neurol , vol.44 , pp. 622-628
    • Hutchison, W.D.1    Allan, R.J.2    Opitz, H.3    Levy, R.4    Dostrovsky, J.O.5    Lang, A.E.6
  • 23
    • 0344687383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pallidal neuronal activity: implications for models of dystonia
    • Hutchison W.D., Lang A.E., Dostrovsky J.O., Lozano A.M. Pallidal neuronal activity: implications for models of dystonia. Ann Neurol 2003, 53:480-488.
    • (2003) Ann Neurol , vol.53 , pp. 480-488
    • Hutchison, W.D.1    Lang, A.E.2    Dostrovsky, J.O.3    Lozano, A.M.4
  • 24
    • 0000824998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microelectrode recordings in movement disorder surgery
    • Karger, Basel, A.M. Lozano (Ed.)
    • Hutchison W.D., Lozano A.M. Microelectrode recordings in movement disorder surgery. Movement disorder surgery 2000, 103-117. Karger, Basel. A.M. Lozano (Ed.).
    • (2000) Movement disorder surgery , pp. 103-117
    • Hutchison, W.D.1    Lozano, A.M.2
  • 25
    • 0026446397 scopus 로고
    • Ketamine-induced anesthesia involves the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-channel complex in mice
    • Irifune M., Shimizu T., Nomoto M., Fukuda T. Ketamine-induced anesthesia involves the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-channel complex in mice. Brain Res 1992, 596:1-9.
    • (1992) Brain Res , vol.596 , pp. 1-9
    • Irifune, M.1    Shimizu, T.2    Nomoto, M.3    Fukuda, T.4
  • 26
    • 0025993931 scopus 로고
    • Dissociative anesthesia and striatal neuronal electrophysiology
    • Kelland M.D., Chiodo L.A., Freeman A.S. Dissociative anesthesia and striatal neuronal electrophysiology. Synapse 1991, 9:75-78.
    • (1991) Synapse , vol.9 , pp. 75-78
    • Kelland, M.D.1    Chiodo, L.A.2    Freeman, A.S.3
  • 27
    • 33745854279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation: summary and meta-analysis of outcomes
    • Kleiner-Fisman G., Herzog J., Fisman D.N., Tamma F., Lyons K.E., Pahwa R., et al. Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation: summary and meta-analysis of outcomes. Mov Disord 2006, 21(Suppl. 14):290-304.
    • (2006) Mov Disord , vol.21 , Issue.SUPPL. 14 , pp. 290-304
    • Kleiner-Fisman, G.1    Herzog, J.2    Fisman, D.N.3    Tamma, F.4    Lyons, K.E.5    Pahwa, R.6
  • 28
  • 29
    • 48049091158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease: correlation with intraoperative multi-unit recordings but not with the type of anesthesia
    • Lefaucheur J.P., Gurruchaga J.M., Pollin B., von Raison F., Mohsen N., Shin M., et al. Outcome of bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease: correlation with intraoperative multi-unit recordings but not with the type of anesthesia. Eur Neurol 2008, 60:186-199.
    • (2008) Eur Neurol , vol.60 , pp. 186-199
    • Lefaucheur, J.P.1    Gurruchaga, J.M.2    Pollin, B.3    von Raison, F.4    Mohsen, N.5    Shin, M.6
  • 30
    • 0032531683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrical stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in advanced Parkinson's disease
    • Limousin P., Krack P., Pollak P., Benazzouz A., Ardouin C., Hoffmann D., et al. Electrical stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in advanced Parkinson's disease. N Engl J Med 1998, 339:1105-1111.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 1105-1111
    • Limousin, P.1    Krack, P.2    Pollak, P.3    Benazzouz, A.4    Ardouin, C.5    Hoffmann, D.6
  • 31
    • 41249092714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease
    • Limousin P., Martinez-Torres I. Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease. Neurotherapeutics 2008, 5:309-319.
    • (2008) Neurotherapeutics , vol.5 , pp. 309-319
    • Limousin, P.1    Martinez-Torres, I.2
  • 32
    • 51449087328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subthalamic deep brain stimulation after anesthetic inhalation in Parkinson disease: a preliminary study
    • Lin S.H., Chen T.Y., Lin S.Z., Shyr M.H., Chou Y.C., Hsieh W.A., et al. Subthalamic deep brain stimulation after anesthetic inhalation in Parkinson disease: a preliminary study. J Neurosurg 2008, 109:238-244.
    • (2008) J Neurosurg , vol.109 , pp. 238-244
    • Lin, S.H.1    Chen, T.Y.2    Lin, S.Z.3    Shyr, M.H.4    Chou, Y.C.5    Hsieh, W.A.6
  • 35
    • 80052691168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI-guided subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation without microelectrode recording: can we dispense with surgery under local anesthesia?
    • Nakajima T., Zrinzo L., Foltynie T., Olmos I.A., Taylor C., Hariz M.I., et al. MRI-guided subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation without microelectrode recording: can we dispense with surgery under local anesthesia?. Sterotact Funct Neurosurg 2011, 89:318-325.
    • (2011) Sterotact Funct Neurosurg , vol.89 , pp. 318-325
    • Nakajima, T.1    Zrinzo, L.2    Foltynie, T.3    Olmos, I.A.4    Taylor, C.5    Hariz, M.I.6
  • 36
    • 0034853535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease: somatotopic organization and physiological characteristics
    • Rodriguez-Oroz M.C., Rodriguez M., Guridi J., Mewes K., Chockkman V., Vitek J., et al. The subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease: somatotopic organization and physiological characteristics. Brain 2001, 124:1777-1790.
    • (2001) Brain , vol.124 , pp. 1777-1790
    • Rodriguez-Oroz, M.C.1    Rodriguez, M.2    Guridi, J.3    Mewes, K.4    Chockkman, V.5    Vitek, J.6
  • 37
    • 33750285490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical experience with dexmedetomidine for implantation of deep brain stimulators in Parkinson's disease
    • Rozet I., Muangman S., Vavilala M.S., Lee L.A., Souter M.J., Domino K.J., et al. Clinical experience with dexmedetomidine for implantation of deep brain stimulators in Parkinson's disease. Anesth Analg 2006, 103:1224-1228.
    • (2006) Anesth Analg , vol.103 , pp. 1224-1228
    • Rozet, I.1    Muangman, S.2    Vavilala, M.S.3    Lee, L.A.4    Souter, M.J.5    Domino, K.J.6
  • 38
    • 53549099664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anesthesia for functional neurosurgery: the role of dexmedetomidine
    • Rozet I. Anesthesia for functional neurosurgery: the role of dexmedetomidine. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2008, 21:537-543.
    • (2008) Curr Opin Anaesthesiol , vol.21 , pp. 537-543
    • Rozet, I.1
  • 39
    • 0033054286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multisecond oscillations in firing rate in the basal ganglia: robust modulation by dopamine receptor activation and anesthesia
    • Ruskin D.N., Bergstrom D.A., Kaneoke Y., Patel B.N., Twery M.J., Walters J.R. Multisecond oscillations in firing rate in the basal ganglia: robust modulation by dopamine receptor activation and anesthesia. J Neurophysiol 1999, 81:2046-2055.
    • (1999) J Neurophysiol , vol.81 , pp. 2046-2055
    • Ruskin, D.N.1    Bergstrom, D.A.2    Kaneoke, Y.3    Patel, B.N.4    Twery, M.J.5    Walters, J.R.6
  • 40
    • 0035193561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The involvement of the μ-opioid receptor in ketamine-induced respiratory depression and antinociception
    • Sarton E., Teppema L.J., Olievier C., Nieuwenhuijs D., Matthes H.W., Kieffer B.L., et al. The involvement of the μ-opioid receptor in ketamine-induced respiratory depression and antinociception. Anesth Analg 2001, 93:1495-1500.
    • (2001) Anesth Analg , vol.93 , pp. 1495-1500
    • Sarton, E.1    Teppema, L.J.2    Olievier, C.3    Nieuwenhuijs, D.4    Matthes, H.W.5    Kieffer, B.L.6
  • 42
    • 33745102100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A techique for minimally altering anatomically based subthalamic electrode targeting by microelectrode recording
    • Senatus P.B., Teeple D., McClelland S., Pullman S.L., Yu Q., Ford B., et al. A techique for minimally altering anatomically based subthalamic electrode targeting by microelectrode recording. Neurosurg Focus 2006, 20(5):E8.
    • (2006) Neurosurg Focus , vol.20 , Issue.5
    • Senatus, P.B.1    Teeple, D.2    McClelland, S.3    Pullman, S.L.4    Yu, Q.5    Ford, B.6
  • 43
    • 37049001646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson's disease: postoperative CT-MRI fusion images confirm accuracy of electrode placement using intraoperative multi-unit recording
    • Shin M., Lefaucher J.P., Penholate M.F., Brugières P., Gurruchaga J.M., Nguyen J.P. Subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson's disease: postoperative CT-MRI fusion images confirm accuracy of electrode placement using intraoperative multi-unit recording. Neurophysiol Clin 2007, 37:457-466.
    • (2007) Neurophysiol Clin , vol.37 , pp. 457-466
    • Shin, M.1    Lefaucher, J.P.2    Penholate, M.F.3    Brugières, P.4    Gurruchaga, J.M.5    Nguyen, J.P.6
  • 46
    • 77749277129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulator placement using high-field interventional magnetic resonance imaging and a skull-mounted aiming device: technique and application accuracy
    • Starr P.A., Martin A.J., Ostrem J.L., Talke P., Levesque N., Larson P.S. Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulator placement using high-field interventional magnetic resonance imaging and a skull-mounted aiming device: technique and application accuracy. J Neurosurg 2010, 112:479-490.
    • (2010) J Neurosurg , vol.112 , pp. 479-490
    • Starr, P.A.1    Martin, A.J.2    Ostrem, J.L.3    Talke, P.4    Levesque, N.5    Larson, P.S.6
  • 47
    • 33645534728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microelectrode-guided implantation of deep brain stimulators into the globus pallidus internus for dystonia: techniques, electrode locations, and outcomes
    • Starr P.A., Turner R.S., Rau G., Lindsey N., Heath S., Voltz M., et al. Microelectrode-guided implantation of deep brain stimulators into the globus pallidus internus for dystonia: techniques, electrode locations, and outcomes. J Neurosurg 2006, 104:488-501.
    • (2006) J Neurosurg , vol.104 , pp. 488-501
    • Starr, P.A.1    Turner, R.S.2    Rau, G.3    Lindsey, N.4    Heath, S.5    Voltz, M.6
  • 48
    • 57549098370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of fentanyl or alfentanil in suppressing reflex sneezing after propofol sedation and periocular injection
    • Tao J., Nunery W., Kresovsky S., Lister L., Mote T. Efficacy of fentanyl or alfentanil in suppressing reflex sneezing after propofol sedation and periocular injection. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2008, 24:465-467.
    • (2008) Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.24 , pp. 465-467
    • Tao, J.1    Nunery, W.2    Kresovsky, S.3    Lister, L.4    Mote, T.5
  • 49
    • 34547593576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential dynamic of action on cortical and subcortical structures of anesthetic agents during induction of anesthesia
    • Velly L.J., Rey M.F., Bruder N.J., Gouvitsos F.A., Witjas T., Regis J.M., et al. Differential dynamic of action on cortical and subcortical structures of anesthetic agents during induction of anesthesia. Anesthesiology 2007, 107:202-212.
    • (2007) Anesthesiology , vol.107 , pp. 202-212
    • Velly, L.J.1    Rey, M.F.2    Bruder, N.J.3    Gouvitsos, F.A.4    Witjas, T.5    Regis, J.M.6
  • 51
    • 0034126875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subunit-dependent inhibition of human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and other ligand-gated ion channels by dissociative anaesthetics ketamine and dizocilpine
    • Yamakura T., Chavez-Noriega L.E., Harris R.A. Subunit-dependent inhibition of human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and other ligand-gated ion channels by dissociative anaesthetics ketamine and dizocilpine. Anesthesiology 2000, 92:1144-1153.
    • (2000) Anesthesiology , vol.92 , pp. 1144-1153
    • Yamakura, T.1    Chavez-Noriega, L.E.2    Harris, R.A.3
  • 52
    • 33847327430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereotactic surgery for subthalamic nucleus stimulation under general anesthesia: a retrospective evaluation of Japanese patients with Parkinson's disease
    • Yamada K., Goto S., Kuratsu J., Matsuzaki K., Tamura T., Nagahiro S., et al. Stereotactic surgery for subthalamic nucleus stimulation under general anesthesia: a retrospective evaluation of Japanese patients with Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2007, 13:101-107.
    • (2007) Parkinsonism Relat Disord , vol.13 , pp. 101-107
    • Yamada, K.1    Goto, S.2    Kuratsu, J.3    Matsuzaki, K.4    Tamura, T.5    Nagahiro, S.6
  • 53
    • 0026548237 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of ketamine enantiomers on NMDA receptor currents in cultured neurons
    • Zeilhofer H.U., Swandulla D., Geisslinger G., Brune K. Differential effects of ketamine enantiomers on NMDA receptor currents in cultured neurons. Eur J Pharmacol 1992, 213:155-158.
    • (1992) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.213 , pp. 155-158
    • Zeilhofer, H.U.1    Swandulla, D.2    Geisslinger, G.3    Brune, K.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.