Scientific molecular basis for treatment of reproductive failure in the human: An insight into the future

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Basis of Disease

Volumn 1822, Issue 12, 2012, Pages 1981-1996

  Silber, S J ^a,b   Barbey, N ^a  

^a ST LUKE S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Cryopreservation; Egg; ICSI; Ovary; Spermatogenic stem cell culture; X and Y chromosomes

Indexed keywords

FOLLITROPIN;

AGE; APE; AZOOSPERMIA; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CONVALESCENCE; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; CRYOPRESERVATION; EPIDIDYMIS; FEMALE INFERTILITY; FERTILIZATION IN VITRO; FOLLITROPIN BLOOD LEVEL; GENE CONTROL; GENE DELETION; GENE MUTATION; GENETIC ANALYSIS; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL CULTURE; INFERTILITY; INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION; MICROSURGERY; MOLECULAR MECHANICS; MONOZYGOTIC TWINS; OOCYTE; OVARIAN FREEZING; OVARIAN RESERVE; OVARY FUNCTION; OVARY TRANSPLANTATION; PREGNANCY RATE; PREPUBERTY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REPRODUCTIVE PROCEDURE; REVIEW; SPERMATOGENESIS; SPERMATOZOON MATURATION; TESTICULAR SPERM EXTRACTION; VITRIFICATION; X CHROMOSOME; Y CHROMOSOME;

FEMALE; HUMANS; INFERTILITY, FEMALE; INFERTILITY, MALE; MALE; PREGNANCY; REPRODUCTION; REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES, ASSISTED;

EID: 84868372279     PISSN: 09254439     EISSN: 1879260X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2012.10.004     Document Type: Review

References (206)

1. Connolly M.P., Pollard M.S., Hoorens S., Kaplan B.R., Oskowitz S.P., Silber S.J. Long-term economic benefits attributed to IVF-conceived children: a lifetime tax calculation. Am. J. Manag. Care 2008, 14(9):598-604.
2. Silber S.J. How to Get Pregnant: The Classic Guide to Overcoming Infertility, Completely Revised and Updated 2007, Little, Brown, Boston, MA. second ed.
3. SART Assisted Reproductive Technology Success Rates. National Summary and Fertility Clinic Reports 2005, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
4. Silber S.J. The relationship of abnormal semen parameters to male fertility. Hum. Reprod. 1989, 4(8):947-953.
5. Silber S.J. Evaluation and treatment of male infertility. Clin. Obstet. Gynecol. 2000, 43(4):854-888.
6. Silber S.J. The varicocele dilemma. Hum. Reprod. Update 2001, 7(1):70-77.
7. van der Steeg J.W., Steures P., Eijkemans M.J.C., Habbema J.D.F., Hompes P.G., Kremer J.A., van der Leeuw-Harmsen L., Bossuyt P.M., Repping S., Silber S.J., Mol B.W., van der Veen F. Role of semen analysis in subfertile couples. Fertil. Steril. 2011, 95(3):1013-1019. Collaborative Effort for Clinical Evaluation in Reproductive Medicine Study Group.
8. Silber S.J. The Y chromosome in the era of intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a personal review. Fertil. Steril. 2011, 95(8):2439-2448.
9. Silber S.J. Microsurgical aspects of varicocele. Fertil. Steril. 1979, 31(2):230-232.
10. Silber S.J., Grotjan H.E. Microscopic vasectomy reversal 30years later: a summary of 4010 cases by the same surgeon. J. Androl. 2004, 25(6):845-859.
11. Silber S.J. Testis biopsy and the infertile male. Contemporary Endocrinology: Office Andrology 2005, 215-240. Humana Press Inc., New Jersey. P.E. Patton, D.E. Battaglia (Eds.).
12. Baerwald A.R., Adams G.P., Pierson R.A. Ovarian antral folliculogenesis during the human menstrual cycle: a review. Hum. Reprod. Update 2012, 18(1):73-91.
13. Homburg R., van der Veen F., Silber S.J. Oocyte vitrification-women's emancipation set in stone. Fertil. Steril. 2009, 91:1319-1320.
14. Silber S.J., Kagawa N., Kuwayama M., Gosden R. Duration of fertility after fresh and frozen ovary transplantation. Fertil. Steril. 2010, 94(6):2191-2196.
15. S.J. Silber, Ovary Cryopreservation and Transplantation, Mol. Hum. Reprod. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2012.10.004.
16. Mosher W.D. Fecundity and infertility in the United States 1965-1982. Adv. Data 1985, 1:1.
17. Geber S., Paraschos T., Atkinson G., Margara R., Winston R.M.L. Results of IVF in patients with endometriosis: the severity of the disease does not affect the outcome, or the incidence of miscarriage. Hum. Reprod. 1995, 10(6):1507-1511.
18. Silber S.J., Nagy Z., Devroey P., Camus M., van Steirteghem A.C. The effect of female age and ovarian reserve on pregnancy rate in male infertility: treatment of azoospermia with sperm retrieval and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Hum. Reprod. 1997, 12(12):2693-2700.
19. Biacchiardi C.P., Paine L.D., Camanni M., Deltetto F., Delpiano E.M., Marchino G.L., Gennarelli G., Revelli A. Laparoscopic stripping of endometriomas negatively affects ovarian follicular reserve even if performed by experienced surgeons. Reprod. Biomed. Online 2011, 23(6):740-746.
20. Moll E., van der Veen F., van Wely M. The role of metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review. Hum. Reprod. Update 2007, 13(6):527-537.
21. Gosden R.G., Baird D.T., Wade J.C., Webb R. Restoration of fertility to oophorectomized sheep by ovarian autografts stored at -196 degrees C. Hum. Reprod. 1994, 9(4):597-603.
22. Kuwayama M., Vajta G., Kato O., Leibo S.P. Highly efficient vitrification method for cryopreservation of human oocytes. Reprod. Biomed. Online 2005, 11(3):300-308.
23. Silber S.J., Lenahan K.M., Levine D.J., Pineda J.A., Gorman K.S., Friez M.J., Crawford E.C., Gosden R.G. Ovarian transplantation between monozygotic twins discordant for premature ovarian failure. N. Eng. J. Med. 2005, 353(1):58-63.
24. Donnez J., Dolmans M.M., Demylle D., Jadoul P., Pirard C., Squifflet J., Martinez-Madrid B., van Langendonckt A. Livebirth after orthotopic transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue. Lancet 2004, 364(9443):1405-1410.
25. Meirow D., Levron J., Eldar-Geva T., Hardan I., Fridman E., Zalel Y., Schiff E., Dor J. Pregnancy after transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue in a patient with ovarian failure after chemotherapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 2005, 353(3):318-321.
26. Silber S.J., Gosden R.G. Ovarian transplantation in a series of monozygotic twins discordant for ovarian failure. N. Eng. J. Med. 2007, 356:1382-1384.
27. Silber S.J., DeRosa M., Pineda J., Lenahan K., Grenia D., Gorman K., Gosden R.G. A series of monozygotic twins discordant for ovarian failure: ovary transplantation (cortical versus microvascular) and cryopreservation. Hum. Reprod. 2008, 23(7):1531-1537.
28. Silber S.J., Grudzinskas G., Gosden R.G. Successful pregnancy after microsurgical transplantation of an intact ovary. N. Eng. J. Med. 2008, 359(24):2617-2618.
29. Wallace W.H., Critchley H.O., Anderson R.A. Optimizing reproductive outcome in children and young people with cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 2012, 30(1):3-5.
30. Bedaiwy M.A., Falcone T. Harvesting and autotransplantation of vascularized ovarian grafts: approaches and techniques. Reprod. Biomed. Online 2007, 14(3):360-371.
31. Silber S.J. Transplantation of a human testis for anorchia. Fertil. Steril. 1978, 30(2):181-187.
32. Gosden R.G., Telfer E., Faddy M.J., Brook D.J. Ovarian cyclicity and follicular recruitment in unilaterally ovariectomized mice. J. Reprod. Fertil. 1989, 87(1):257-264.
33. Faddy M.J., Gosden R.G., Gougeon A., Richardson S.J., Nelson J.F. Accelerated disappearance of ovarian follicles in mid-life: implications for forecasting menopause. Hum. Reprod. 1992, 7(10):1342-1346.
34. Gook D.A., Edgar D.H., Stern C. Effect of cooling rate and dehydration regimen on the histological appearance of human ovarian cortex following cryopreservation in 1,2-propanediol. Hum. Reprod. 1999, 14(8):2061-2068.
35. Newton H., Aubard Y., Rutherford A., Sharma V., Gosden R. Low temperature storage and grafting of human ovarian tissue. Hum. Reprod. 1996, 11(7):1487-1491.
36. Kagawa N., Silber S., Kuwayama M. Successful vitrification of bovine and human ovarian tissue. Reprod. Biomed. Online 2009, 18(4):568-577.
37. Keros V., Xella S., Hultenby K., Pettersson K., Sheikhi M., Volpe A., Hreinsson J., Hovatta O. Vitrification versus controlled-rate freezing in cryopreservation of human ovarian tissue. Hum. Reprod. 2009, 24(7):1670-1683.
38. F. Fuentes, R. Dubettier, Air separation method and plant, United States Patent. (2004) Patent No. US 6,776,005 B2.
39. Oktay K., Buyuk E., Veeck L., Zaninovic N., Xu K., Takeuchi T., Opsahl M., Rosenwaks Z. Embryo development after heterotopic transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue. Lancet 2004, 363(9412):837-840.
40. Rosendahl M., Loft A., Byskov A.G., Ziebe S., Schmidt K.T.L., Andersen A.N., Ottosen C., Andersen C.Y. Biochemical pregnancy after fertilization of an oocyte aspirated from a heterotopic autotransplant of cryopreserved ovarian tissue: case report. Hum. Reprod. 2006, 21(8):2006-2009.
41. Baird D.T., Webb R., Campbell B.K., Harkness L.M., Gosden R.G. Long-term ovarian function in sheep after ovariectomy and transplantation of autografts stored at -196°C. Endocrinology 1999, 140(1):462-471.
42. Donnez J., Silber S., Andersen C.Y., Demeestere I., Piver P., Meirow D., Pellicer A., Dolmans M.M. Children born after autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue. A review of 13 live births. Ann. Med. 2011, 43(6):437-450.
43. Bleyer W.A. The impact of childhood cancer on the United State and the world. CA Cancer J. Clin. 1990, 40(6):355-367.
44. Cancer incidence and survival among children and adolescents: United States SEER program, 1976-1995 1999, National Cancer Institue. L.A.G. Ries, M.A. Smith, J.G. Gurney, M. Linet, T. Tamra, J.L. Young, G.R. Bunin (Eds.).
45. Jeruss J.S., Woodruff T.K. Preservation of fertility in patients with cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 2009, 360(9):902-911.
46. Anderson R.A., Themmen A.P., Al-Qahtani A., Groome N.P., Cameron D.A. The effects of chemotherapy and long-term gonadotrophin suppression on the ovarian reserve in premenopausal women with breast cancer. Hum. Reprod. 2006, 21(10):2583-2592.
47. Anderson R.A., Cameron D.A. Assessment of the effect of chemotherapy on ovarian function in women with breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 2007, 25(12):1630-1631. (Author reply 1632).
48. Larsen E.C., Muller J., Schmiegelow K., Rechnitzer C., Andersen A.N. Reduced ovarian function in long-term survivors of radiation- and chemotherapy-treated childhood cancer. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2003, 88(11):5307-5314.
49. Lee S.J., Schover L.R., Partridge A.H., Patrizio P., Wallace W.H., Hagerty K., Beck L.N., Brennan L.V., Oktay K., American Society of Clinical Oncology American Society of Clinical Oncology recommendations on fertility preservation in cancer patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 2006, 24(18):2917-2931.
50. Andersen C.Y., Rosendahl M., Byskov A.G., Loft A., Ottosen C., Dueholm M., Schmidt K.L.T., Andersen A.N., Ernst E. Two successful pregnancies following autotransplantation of frozen/thawed ovarian tissue. Hum. Reprod. 2008, 23(10):2266-2272.
51. Coulam C.B., Adamson S.C., Annegers J.F. Incidence of premature ovarian failure. Obstet. Gynecol. 1986, 67(4):604-606.
52. Riboli E., Hunt K.J., Slimani N., Ferrari P., Norat T., Fahey M., Charrondiere U.R., Hemon B., Casagrande C., Vignat J., Overvad K., Tjonneland A., Clavel-Chapelon F., Thiebaut A., Wahrendorf J., Boeing H., Trichopoulos D., Trichopoulou A., Vineis P., Palli D., Bueno-De-Mesquita H.B., Peeters P.H., Lund E., Engeset D., Gonzalez C.A., Barricarte A., Berglund G., Hallmans G., Day N.E., Key T.J., Kaaks R., Saracci R. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): study of populations and data collection. Public Health Nutr. 2002, 5(6B):1113-1124.
53. Luborsky J.L., Meyer P., Sowers M.F., Gold E.B., Santoro N. Premature menopause in a multi-ethnic population study of the menopause transition. Hum. Reprod. 2003, 18(1):199-206.
54. Goswami D., Conway G.S. Premature ovarian failure. Hum. Reprod. Update 2005, 11(4):391-410.
55. Snieder H., MacGregor A.J., Spector T.D. Genes control the cessation of a woman's reproductive life: a twin study of hysterectomy and age at menopause. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1998, 83(6):1875-1880.
56. de Bruin J.P., Bovenhuis H., van Noord P.A., Pearson P.L., van Arendonk J.A., te Velde E.R., Kuurman W.W., Dorland M. The role of genetic factors in age at natural menopause. Hum. Reprod. 2001, 16(9):2014-2018.
57. van Asselt K.M., Kok H.S., Pearson P.L., Dubas J.S., Peeters P.H., Te Velde E.R., van Noord P.A. Heritability of menopausal age in mothers and daughters. Fertil. Steril. 2004, 82(5):1348-1351.
58. Su L.L. Monoamniotic twins: diagnosis and management. Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 2002, 81(11):995-1000.
59. Gosden R.G., Treloar S.A., Martin N.G., Cherkas L.F., Spector T.D., Faddy M.J., Silber S.J. Prevalence of premature ovarian failure in monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Hum. Reprod. 2007, 22(2):610-615.
60. Hilders C.G., Baranski A.G., Peters L., Ramkhelawan A., Trimbos J.B. Successful human ovarian autotransplantation to the upper arm. Cancer 2004, 101(12):2771-2778.
61. Kim S.S., Hwang I.T., Lee H.C. Heterotopic autotransplantation of cryobanked human ovarian tissue as a strategy to restore ovarian function. Fertil. Steril. 2004, 82(4):930-932.
62. Armenti V.T., Radomski J.S., Moritz M.J., Philips L.Z., McGrory C.H., Coscia L.A. Report from the National Transplantation Pregnancy Registry (NTPR): outcomes of pregnancy after transplantation. Clin. Transplant. 2000, 123-134.
63. Demeestere I., Simon P., Emiliani S., Delbaere A., Englert Y. Fertility preservation: successful transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue in a young patient previously treated for Hodgkin's disease. Oncologist 2007, 12(12):1437-1442.
64. Sanchez-Serrano M., Crespo J., Mirabet V., Cobo A.C., Escriba M.J., Simon C., Pellicer A. Twins born after transplantation of ovarian cortical tissue and oocyte vitrification. Fertil. Steril. 2010, 93(1):268.e11-268.e13.
65. Piver P., Amiot C., Agnani G., Pech J.C., Rohrilich P.S., Vidal E., Aubard Y., Roux C. Two pregnancies obtained after a new technique of autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue. Hum. Reprod. 2009, 24(15):10-35.
66. Rall W.F. Factors affecting the survival of mouse embryos cryopreserved by vitrification. Cryobiology 1987, 24(5):387-402.
67. Fahy G.M., MacFarlane D.R., Angell C.A., Meryman H.T. Vitrification as an approach to cryopreservation. Cryobiology 1984, 21(4):407-426.
68. Kuwayama M. Highly efficient vitrification for cryopreservation of human oocytes and embryos: the Cryotop method. Theriogenology 2007, 67(1):73-80.
69. Katayama K.P., Stehlik J., Kuwayama M., Kato O., Stehlik E. High survival rate of vitrified human oocytes results in clinical pregnancy. Fertil. Steril. 2003, 80(1):223-224.
70. Teramoto S., Kato O. Minimal ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate: a large-scale retrospective study. Reprod. Biomed. Online 2007, 15(2):134-138.
71. Zhang J., Chang L., Sone Y., Silber S. Minimal ovarian stimulation (mini-IVF) for IVF utilizing vitrification and cryopreserved embryo transfer. Reprod. Biomed. Online 2010, 21(4):485-495.
72. Baart E.B., Martini E., Eijkemans M.J., Van Opstal D., Beckers N.G.M., Verhoeff A., Macklon N.S., Fauser B.C.J.M. Milder ovarian stimulation for in-vitro fertilization reduces aneuploidy in human preimplantation embryo: a randomized controlled trial. Hum. Reprod. 2007, 22(4):980-988.
73. Collins J. Mild stimulation for in vitro fertilization: making progress downward. Hum. Reprod. Update 2009, 15(1):1-3.
74. de Jong D., Macklon N.S., Fauser B.C. A pilot study involving minimal ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization: extending the 'follicle-stimulating hormone window' combined with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist cetrorelix. Fertil. Steril. 2000, 73(5):1051-1054.
75. Devreker F., Pogonici E., De Maertelaer V., Revelard P., Van den Bergh M., Englert Y. Selection of good embryos for transfer depends on embryo cohort size: implications for the 'mild ovarian stimulation' debate. Hum. Reprod. 1999, 14(12):3002-3008.
76. Fauser B.C., Devroey P., Yen S.S., Gosden R., Crowley W.F., Baird D.T., Bouchard P. Minimal ovarian stimulation for IVF: appraisal of potential benefits and drawbacks. Hum. Reprod. 1999, 14(11):2681-2686.
77. Heijnen E.M., Eijkemans M.J., De Klerk C., Polinder S., Beckers N.G., Klinkert E.R., Broekmans F.J., Passchier J., Te Velde E.R., Macklon N.S., Fauser B.C. A mild treatment strategy for in-vitro fertilisation: a randomized non-inferiority trial. Lancet 2007, 369(9563):743-749.
78. Pelinck M.J., Vogel N.E.A., Arts E.G.J.M., Simons A.H.M., Heineman M.J., Hoek A. Cumulative pregnancy rates after maximum of nine cycles of modified natural cycle IVF and analysis of patient drop-out: a cohort study. Hum. Reprod. 2007, 22(9):2463-2470.
79. Polinder S., Heijnen E.M.E.W., Mackon N.S., Habbema J.D.F., Fauser B.J.C.M., Eijkemans M.J.C. Cost-effectiveness of a mild compared with a standard strategy for IVF: a randomized comparison using cumulative term live birth as the primary endpoint. Hum. Reprod. 2008, 23(2):316-323.
80. van der Gaast M.H., Eijkemans M.J., van der Net J.B., de Boer E.J., Burger C.W., van Leeuwen F.E., Fauser B.C., Macklon N.S. Optimum number of oocytes for a successful first IVF treatment cycle. Reprod. Biomed. Online 2006, 13(4):476-480.
81. Verberg M.F.G., Eijkemans M.J.C., Macklon N.S., Heijen E.M.E.W., Baart E.B., Hohmann F.P., Fauser B.C.J.M., Broekmans F.J. The clinical significance of the retrieval of a low number of oocytes following mild ovarian stimulation for IVF: a meta-analysis. Hum. Reprod. Update 2009, 12(1):5-12.
82. Verberg M.F.G., Macklon N.S., Nargund G., Frydman R., Devroey P., Broekmans F.J., Fauser B.C.J.M. Mild ovarian stimulation for IVF. Hum. Reprod. Update 2009, 15(1):13-29.
83. Verberg M.F., Eijkemans M.J., Heijnen E.M., Broekmans F.J., de Klerk C., Fauser B.C., Macklon N.S. Why do couples drop-out from IVF treatment? A prospective cohort study. Hum. Reprod. 2008, 23(9):2050-2055.
84. Check J.H. Mild ovarian stimulation. J. Assist. Reprod. Genet. 2007, 24(12):621-627.
85. Emperaire J.C., Ruffie A., Audebert A.J. Ovulation induction by endogenous LH released by the administration of an LHRH agonist after follicular stimulation for in vitro fertilization. J. Gynecol. Obstet. Biol. Reprod. (Paris) 1992, 21(5):489-494.
86. Gerris J., De Vits A., Joostens M., Van Royen E. Triggering of ovulation in human menopausal gonadotrophin-stimulated cycles: comparison between intravenously administered gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (100 and 500μg), GnRH agonist (buserelin, 500μg) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (10,000). Hum. Reprod. 1995, 10(1):56-62.
87. Griesinger G., Diedrich K., Devroey P., Kolibianakis E.M. GnRH agonist for triggering final oocyte maturation in the GnRH antagonist ovarian hyperstimulation protocol: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum. Reprod. Update 2006, 12(2):159-168.
88. Humaidan P., Ejdrup Bredkjar H., Bungum L., Bungum M., Grondahl M.L., Westergaard L., Yding Andersen C. GnRH agonist (buserelin) or hCG for ovulation induction in GnRH antagonist IVF/ICSI cycles: a prospective randomized study. Hum. Reprod. 2005, 20(5):1213-1220.
89. Tournaye, Devroey P., Liu J., Nagy Z., Lissens W., van Steirteghem A. Microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration and intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a new effective approach to infertility as a result of congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens. Fertil. Steril. 1994, 61(6):1045-1051.
90. Palermo G., Joris H., Devroey P., Van Steirteghem A. Pregnancies after intracytoplasmic injection of single spermatozoon into an oocyte. Lancet 1992, 340(8810):17-18.
91. Devroey P., Silber S., Nagy Z., Liu J., Tournaye H., Joris H., Verheyen G., van Steirteghem A. Ongoing pregnancies and birth after intracytoplasmic sperm injection with frozen-thawed epididymal spermatozoa. Hum. Reprod. 1995, 10(4):903-906.
92. Devroey P., Nagy P., Tournaye H., Liu J., Silber S., van Steirteghem A. Outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection with testicular spermatozoa in obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia. Hum. Reprod. 1996, 11(5):1015-1018.
93. Silber S.J., Nagy Z., Liu J., Tournay H., Lissens W., Ferec C., Liebaers I., Devroey P., van Steirteghem A.C. The use of epididymal and testicular spermatozoa for intracytoplasmic sperm injection: the genetic implications for male infertility. Hum. Reprod. 1995, 10(8):2031-2043.
94. Silber S.J., Nagy Z.P., Liu J., Godoy H., Devroey P., van Steirteghem A.C. Conventional in-vitro fertilization versus intracytoplasmic sperm injection for patients requiring microsurgical sperm aspiration. Hum. Reprod. 1994, 9(9):1705-1709.
95. Silber S.J., van Steirteghem A.C., Liu J., Nagy Z., Tournaye H., Devroey P. High fertilization and pregnancy rate after intracytoplasmic sperm injection with spermatozoa obtained from testicle biopsy. Hum. Reprod. 1995, 10(1):148-152.
96. Silber S.J., Devroey P., Tournaye H., van Steirteghem A.C. Fertilizing capacity of epididymal and testicular sperm using intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 1995, 7(2):281-293.
97. Silber S.J., van Steirteghem A., Nagy Z., Liu J., Tournaye H., Devroey P. Normal pregnancies resulting from testicular sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection for azoospermia due to maturation arrest. Fertil. Steril. 1996, 66(1):110-117.
98. Beharka R., Pacik D., Crha I. Long-tem experience with MESA, TESE techniques in the University Hospital (FN) in Brno. Rozhl. Chir. 2006, 85(10):526-529. (Slovak).
99. Diemer T., Hauptmann A., Weidner W. Treatment of azoospermia: surgical sperm retrieval (MESA, TESE, micro-TESE). Urologe A 2011, 50(1):38-46. (German).
100. Silber S.J., Rodriguez-Rigau L.J. Quantitative analysis of testicle biopsy: determination of partial obstruction and prediction of sperm count after surgery for obstruction. Fertil. Steril. 1981, 36(4):480-485.
101. Silber S.J., Patrizio P., Asch R.H. Quantitative evaluation of spermatogenesis by testicular histology in men with congenital absence of the vas deferens undergoing epididymal sperm aspiration. Hum. Reprod. 1990, 5(1):89-93.
102. Silber S.J. Microsurgical TESE and the distribution of spermatogenesis in non-obstructive azoospermia. Hum. Reprod. 2000, 15(11):2278-2284.
103. van Steirteghem A.C., Nagy Z., Joris H., Liu J., Staessen C., Smitz J., Wisanto A., Devroey P. High fertilization and implantation rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Hum. Reprod. 1993, 8(7):1061-1066.
104. Silber S.J. A modern view of male infertility. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 1994, 6(1):93-104.
105. Silber S.J., Ord T., Borrero C., Balmaceda J., Asch R.H. New treatment for infertility due to congenital absence of the vas deferens. Lancet 1987, 850-851.
106. Silber S.J. The use of epididymal sperm for the treatment of male infertility. Baillieres Clin. Obstet. Gynaecol. 1997, 11(4):739-752.
107. Silber S.J. Pregnancy caused by sperm from vasa efferentia. Fertil. Steril. 1988, 49(2):373-375.
108. Silber S.J., Ord T., Balmaceda J., Patrizio P., Asch R. Congenital absence of the vas deferens. The fertilizing capacity of human epididymal sperm. N. Engl. J. Med. 1990, 323(26):1788-1792.
109. Tournaye H., Liu J., Nagy P.Z., Camus M., Goossens A., Silber S., Van Steirteghem A.C., Devroey P. Correlation between testicular histology and outcome after intracytoplasmic sperm injection using testicular spermatozoa. Hum. Reprod. 1996, 11(1):127-132.
110. Tournaye H., Verheyen G., Nagy P., Ubaldi F., Goossens A., Silber S., Van Steirteghem A.C., Devroey P. Are there any predictive factors for successful testicular sperm recovery in azoospermic patients?. Hum. Reprod. 1997, 12(1):80-86.
111. Friedler S., Raziel A., Strassburger D., Soffer Y., Komarovsky D., Ron-El R. Testicular sperm retrieval by percutaneous fine needle sperm aspiration compared with testicular sperm extraction by open biopsy in men with non-obstructive azoospermia. Hum. Reprod. 1997, 12(7):1488-1493.
112. Rosenlund B., Kvst U., Ploen L., Rozell B.L., Sjoblom P., Hillensjo T. A comparison between open and percutaneous needle biopsies in men with azoospermia. Hum. Reprod. 1998, 13(5):1266-1271.
113. Silber S.J., Johnson L., Verheyen G., van Steirteghem A. Round spermatid injection. Fertil. Steril. 2000, 73(5):897-900.
114. Silber S.J. New concepts in operative andrology: a review. Int. J. Androl. 2000, 23(Suppl. 2):66-76.
115. Atlas of Human Spermatogenesis 1981, Grosse Verlag, Berlin. A.F. Holstein, E.D. Roosen-Runge (Eds.).
116. Schlegel P., Chang T. The testis, epididymis and ductus deferens. Campbell's Urology 1991, 190. Saunders, Philadelpha. 6th ed. P. Walsh, A. Retic, T. Stamey, E. Vaughan (Eds.).
117. Schlegel P.N., Su L.M. Physiologic consequences of testicular sperm extraction. Hum. Reprod. 1997, 12(8):1688-1692.
118. Schlegel P.N., Palermo G.D., Goldstein M., Menendez S., Zaninovic N., Veeck L.L., Rosenwaks Z. Testicular sperm extraction with intracytoplasmic sperm injection for non-obstructive azoospermia. Urology 1997, 49(3):435-440.
119. Schlegel P.N. Testicular sperm extraction: microdissection improves sperm yield with minimal tissue excision. Hum. Reprod. 1999, 14(1):131-135.
120. Reijo R., Lee T.Y., Salo P., Alagappan R., Brown L.G., Rosenberg M., Rozen S., Jaffe T., Straus D., Hovatta O., de la Chapelle A., Silber S., Page D.C. Diverse spermatogenic defects in humans caused by Y chromosome deletions encompassing a novel RNA-binding protein gene. Nat. Genet. 1995, 10(4):383-393.
121. Kuroda-Kawaguchi T., Skaletsky H., Brown L.G., Minx P.J., Cordum H.S., Waterston R.H., Wilson R.K., Silber S., Oates R., Rozen S., Page D.C. The AZFc region of the Y chromosome features massive palindromes and uniform recurrent deletions in infertile men. Nat. Genet. 2001, 29(3):279-286.
122. Silber S.J., Alagappan R., Brown L.G., Page D.C. Y chromosome deletions in azoospermic and severely oligozoospermic men undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection after testicular sperm extraction. Hum. Reprod. 1998, 13(12):3332-3337.
123. Silber S.J., Repping S. Transmission of male infertility to future generations: lessons from the Y chromosome. Hum. Reprod. Update 2002, 8(3):217-229.
124. Page D.C., Silber S., Brown L.G. Men with infertility caused by AZFc deletion can produce sons by intracytoplasmic sperm injection, but are likely to transmit the deletion and infertility. Hum. Reprod. 1999, 14(7):1722-1726.
125. Saxena R., Brown L.G., Hawkins T., Alagappan R.K., Skaletsky H., Reeve M.P., Reijo R., Rozen S., Dinulos M.B., Disteche C.M., Page D.C. The DAZ gene cluster on the human Y chromosome arose from an autosomal gene that was transposed, repeatedly amplified and pruned. Nat. Genet. 1996, 14(3):292-299.
126. Saxena R., de Vries J.W., Repping S., Alagappan R.K., Skaletsky H., Brown L.G., Ma P., Chen E., Hoovers J.M., Page D.C. Four DAZ genes in two clusters found in the AZFc region of the human Y chromosome. Genomics 2000, 67(3):256-267.
127. Skaletsky H., Kuroda-Kawaguchi T., Minx P.J., Cordum H.S., Hillier L., Brown L.G., Repping S., Pyntikova T., Ali J., Bieri T., Chinwalla A., Delehaunty A., Delehaunty K., Du H., Fewell G., Fulton L., Fulton R., Graves T., Hou S.F., Latrielle P., Leonard S., Mardis E., Maupin R., McPherson J., Miner T., Nash W., Nguyen C., Ozersky P., Pepin K., Rock S., Rohlfing T., Scott K., Schultz B., Strong C., Tin-Wollam A., Yang S.P., Waterson R.H., Wilson R.K., Rozen S., Page D.C. The male-specific region of the human Y chromosome is a mosaic of discrete sequence classes. Nature 2003, 423(6942):825-837.
128. Oates R.D., Silber S., Brown L.G., Page D.C. Clinical characterization of 42 oligospermic or azoospermic men with microdeletion of the AZFc region of the Y chromosome, and of 18 children conceived via ICSI. Hum. Reprod. 2002, 17(11):2813-2824.
129. Silber S.J., Page D.C., Brown L.G., Oates R. ICSI results with and without Y chromosomal deletions in men with severe oligozoospermia and azoospermia. 57th Annual Meeting of the ASRM, Orlando, Florida 2001, (Abstract P-83).
130. Devroey P., Liu J., Nagy Z., Tournaye H., Silber S.J., van Steirteghem A.C. Normal fertilization of human oocytes after testicular sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Fertil. Steril. 1994, 62(3):639-641.
131. Lahn B.T., Page D.C. Functional coherence of the human Y chromosome. Science 1997, 278(5338):675-680.
132. Lahn B.T., Page D.C. Retropostition of autosomal mRNA yielded testis-specific gene family on human Y chromosome. Nat. Genet. 1999, 21:429-433.
133. Lange J., Skaletsky H., van Daalen S.K., Embry S.L., Korver C.M., Brown L.G., Oates R.D., Silber S., Repping S., Page D.C. Isodicentric Y chromosomes and sex disorders as byproducts of homologous recombination that maintains palindromes. Cell 2009, 138(5):855-869.
134. Tiepolo L., Zuffardi O. Localization of factors controlling spermatogenesis in the nonfluorescent portion of the human Y chromosome on the long arm. Hum. Genet. 1976, 34(2):119-124.
135. Vogt P.H., Edelman A., Kirsch S., Henegariu O., Hirschmann P., Kiesewetter F., Kohn F.M., Schill W.B., Farah S., Ramos C., Hartmann M., Hartschuh W., Meschede D., Behre H.M., Castel A., Nieschlag E., Weidner W., Grone H.-J., Jung A., Engel W., Haidl G. Human Y chromosome azoospermia factors (AZF) mapped to different subregions in Yq11. Hum. Mol. Genet. 1996, 5(7):933-943.
136. Qureshi S.J., Ross A.R., Ma K., Cooke H.J., Intyre M.A., Chandley A.C., Hargreave T.B. Polymerase chain reaction screening for Y chromosome microdeletions: a first step toward the diagnosis of genetically-determined spermatogenic failure in men. Mol. Hum. Reprod. 1996, 2(10):775-779.
137. Pryor J.L., Kent-First M., Muallem A., van Bergen A.H., Nolten W.E., Meisner L., Roberts K.P. Microdeletions in the Y chromosome of infertile men. N. Engl. J. Med. 1997, 336:534-540.
138. Brown G.M., Furlong R.A., Sargent C.A., Erickson R.P., Longepied G., Mitchell M., Jones M.H., Hargreave T.B., Cooke H.J., Affara N.A. Characterisation of the coding sequence and fine mapping of the human DFFRY gene and comparative expression analysis and mapping to the Sxrb interval of the mouse Y chromosome of the Dffry gene. Hum. Mol. Genet. 1998, 7(1):97-107.
139. Sargent C., Boucher C., Kirsch S., Brown G., Weiss B., Trundley A., Burgoyne P., Sault N., Durand C., Levy N., Terriou P., Hargreave T., Cooke H., Mitchell M., Rappold G., Affara N. The critical region of overlap definings of the AZFa male infertility interval of proximal Yq contains three transcribe sequences. J. Med. Genet. 1999, 36(9):670-677.
140. Sun C., Skaletsky H., Birren B., Devon K., Tang Z., Silber S., Oates R., Page D.C. An azoospermic man with a de novo point mutation in the Y-chromosomal gene USP9Y. Nat. Genet. 1999, 23(4):429-432.
141. Sun C., Skaletsky H., Rozen S., Gromoll J., Nieschlag E., Oates R., Page D.C. Deletion of Azoospermia Factor a (AZFa) region of human Y chromosome cause by recombination between HERV15 proviruses. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2000, 9(15):2291-2296.
142. Kim S.W., Kim K.D., Paick J.S. Microdeletions within the azoospermia factor subregions of the Y chromosome in patients with idiopathic azoospermia. Fertil. Steril. 1999, 72(2):349-353.
143. Repping S., Skaletsky H., Lange J., Silber S., van der Veen F., Oates R.D., Page D.C., Rozen S. Recombination between palindromes P5 to P1 on the human Y chromosome causes massive deletions and spermatogenic failure. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 2002, 71(4):906-922.
144. Brandell R.A., Mielnik A., Liotta D., Ye Z., Veeck L.L., Palermo G.D., Schlegel P.N. AZFb deletions predict the absence of spermatozoa with testicular sperm extraction: preliminary report of a prognostic genetic test. Hum. Reprod. 1998, 13(10):2812-2815.
145. Martinez M.C., Bernabe M.J., Gomez E., Ballesteros A., Landeras J., Glover G., Gil-Salom M., Remohi J., Pellicer A. Screening for AZF deletion in a large series of severely impaired spermatogenesis patients. J. Androl. 2000, 21(5):651-655.
146. Ma K., Sharkey A., Kirsch S., Vogt P., Keil R., Hargreave T.B., McBeath S., Chandley A.C. Towards the molecular localisation of the AZF locus: mapping of microdeletions in azoospermic men within 14 subintervals of interval 6 of the human Y chromosome. Hum. Mol. Genet. 1992, 1(1):29-33.
147. Elliott D.J., Millar M.R., Oghene K., Ross A., Kiesewetter F., Pryor J., McIntyre M., Hargreave T.B., Saunders P.T.K., Vogt P.H., Chandley A.C., Cooke H. Expression of RBM in the nuclei of human germ cells is dependent on a critical region of the Y chromosome long arm. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1997, 94(8):3848-3853.
148. Ma K., Inglis J.D., Sharkey A., Bickmore W.A., Hill R.E., Prosser E.J., Speed R.M., Thomson E.J., Jobling M., Taylor K. A Y chromosome gene family with RNA-binding protein homology: candidates for the azoospermia factor AZF controlling human spermatogenesis. Cell 1993, 75(7):1287-1295.
149. Foote S., Vollrath D., Hilton A., Page D.C. The human Y chromosome: overlapping DNA clones spanning the euchromatic region. Science 1992, 258(5079):60-66.
150. Kobayashi K., Mizuno K., Hida A., Komaki R., Tomita K., Matsushita I., Namiki M., Iwamoto T., Tamura S., Minowada S., Nakahori Y. PCR analysis of the Y chromosome long arm in azoospermic patients: evidence for a second locus required for spermatogenesis. Hum. Mol. Genet. 1994, 3(11):1965-1967.
151. Chai N.N., Salido E.C., Yen P.H. Multiple functional copies of the RBM gene family, a spermatogenesis candidate on the human Y chromosome. Genomics 1997, 45(2):355-361.
152. Affara N., Bishop C., Brown W., Cooke H., Davey P., Ellis N., Graves J.M., Jones M., Mitchell M., Rappold G., Tyler-Smith C., Yen P., Lau Y.F. Report of the Second International Workshop on Y Chromosome Mapping 1995. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 1996, 73(1-2):33-76.
153. Reijo R., Alagappan R.K., Patrizio P., Page D.C. Severe oligozoospermia resulting from deletions of azoospermia factor gene on Y chromosome. Lancet 1996, 347(9011):1290-1293.
154. Menke D.B., Mutter G.L., Page D.C. Expression of DAZ, an azoospermia factor candidate, in human spermatogonia. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 1997, 60(1):237-241.
155. Hackstein J.H., Hochstenbach R. The elusive fertility genes of Drosophila: the ultimate haven for selfish genetic elements. Trends Genet. 1995, 11(5):195-200.
156. Cooke H.J., Lee M., Kerr S., Ruggiu M. A murine homologue of the human DAZ gene is autosomal and expressed only in male and female gonads. Hum. Mol. Genet. 1996, 5(4):513-516.
157. Eberhart C.G., Maines J.Z., Wasserman S.A. Meiotic cell cycle requirement for a fly homologue of human deleted in Azoospermia. Nature 1996, 381(6585):783-785.
158. Karashima T., Sugimoto A., Yamamoto M.A. A C. elegans homologue of DAZ/boule is involved in progression through meiosis during oogenesis. Worm Breed. Gaz. 1997, 15(1):65.
159. Ruggiu M., Speed R., Taggart M., McKay S.J., Kilanowski F., Saunders P., Dorin J., Cooke H.J. The mouse Dazla gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein essential for gametogenesis. Nature 1997, 389(6646):73-77.
160. Houston D.W., Zhang J., Maines J.Z., Wasserman S.A., King M.L. A Xenopus DAZ-like gene encodes an RNA component of germ plasm and is a functional homologue of Drosophila boule. Development 1998, 125(2):171-180.
161. Saut N., Terriou P., Navarro A., Levy N., Mitchell M.J. The human Y chromosome genes BPY2, CDY1 and DAZ are not essential for sustained fertility. Mol. Hum. Reprod. 2000, 6(9):789-793.
162. Moro E., Ferlin A., Yen P.H., Franchi P.G., Palka G., Foresta C. Male infertility caused by a de Novo partial deletion of the DAZ clusters on the Y chromosome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2000, 85(11):4069-4073.
163. Bienvenu T., Patrat C., McElreavey K., de Almeida M., Jouannet P. Reduction in the DAZ gene copy number in two infertile men with impaired spermatogenesis. Ann. Genet. 2001, 44(3):125-128.
164. de Vries J.W., Hoffer M.J., Repping S., Hoovers J.M., Leschot N.J., van der Veen F. Reduced copy number of DAZ genes in subfertile and infertile men. Fertil. Steril. 2002, 77(1):68-75.
165. Repping S., van Daalen S.K., Korver C.M., Brown L.G., Marszalek J.D., Gianotten J., Oates R.D., Silber S., van der Veen F., Page D.C., Rozen S. A family of human Y chromosomes has dispersed throughout Northern Eurasia despite a 1.8-Mb deletion in AZFc region. Genomics 2004, 83(6):1046-1052.
166. Blanco P., Shlumukova M., Sargent C.A., Jobling M.A., Affara N., Hurles M.E. Divergent outcomes of intrachromosomal recombination on the human Y chromosome: male infertility and recurrent polymorphism. J. Med. Genet. 2000, 37(10):752-758.
167. Kamp C., Hirschmann P., Voss H., Huellen K., Vogt P.H. Two long homologous retroviral sequence blocks in proximal Yq11 cause AZFa microdeletions as a result of intrachromosomal recombination events. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2000, 9(17):2563-2572.
168. Rozen S., Skaletsky H., Marszalek J.D., Minx P.J., Cordum H.S., Waterston R.H., Wilson R.K., Page D.C. Abundant gene conversion between arms of palindromes in human and ape Y chromosome. Nature 2003, 423(6942):873-876.
169. Jegalian K., Page D.C. A proposed path by which genes common to mammalian X and Y chromosomes evolve to become X inactivated. Nature 1998, 394(6695):776-780.
170. Jegalian K., Lahn B.T. Why the Y is so weird. Sci. Am. 2001, 284:56-61.
171. Lahn B.T., Page D.C. Four evolutionary strata on the human X chromosome. Science 1999, 286(5441):964-967.
172. Delbridge M.L., Harry J.L., Toder R., O'Neill R.J., Ma K., Chandley A.C., Graves J.A. A human candidate spermatogenesis gene, RBM1, is conserved and amplified on the marsupial Y chromosome. Nat. Genet. 1997, 15(2):131-136.
173. Delbridge M.L., Lingenfelter P.A., Disteche C.M., Graves J.A. The candidate spermatogenesis gene RBMY has a homologue on the human X chromosome. Nat. Genet. 1999, 22(3):223-224.
174. Mazeyrat S., Saut N., Mattei M.G., Mitchell M.J. RBMY evolved on the Y chromosome from a ubiquitously transcribed X-Y identical gene. Nat. Genet. 1999, 22(3):224-226.
175. Vogel T., Speed R.M., Teague P., Cooke H.J. Mice with Y chromosome deletion and reduced Rbm genes on a heterozygous Dazl1 null background mimic a human azoospermic factor phenotype. Hum. Reprod. 1999, 14(12):3023-3029.
176. Graves J.A. Two uses for old SOX. Nat. Genet. 1997, 16:114-115.
177. Pask A., Graves J.A. Sex chromosomes and sex-determining genes: insights from marsupials and monotremes. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 1999, 55(6-7):864-875.
178. Vidal V.P., Chaboissier M.C., de Rooij D.G., Schedl A. Sox9 induces testis development in XX transgenic mice. Nat. Genet. 2001, 28(3):216-217.
179. Short R.V. Human reproduction in an evolutionary context. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1995, 709:416-425.
180. Silber S.J. The disappearing male. Towards Reproductive Certainty-Fertility & Genetics Beyond 1999, 499-505. The Parthenon Publishing Group, New York/London. R. Jansen, D. Mortimer (Eds.).
181. Hughes J.F., Skaletsky H., Pyntikova T., Graves T.A., van Daalen S.K.M., Minx P.J., Fulton R.S., McGrath S.D., Locke D.P., Friedman C., Trask B.J., Mardis E.R., Warren W.C., Repping S., Rozen S., Wilson R.K., Page D.C. Chimpanzee and human Y chromosomes are remarkably divergent in structure and gene content. Nature 2010, 463(7280):536-539.
182. Noordam M.J., van Daalen S.K., Hovingh S.E., Korver C.M., van der Veen F., Repping S. A novel partial deletion of the Y chromosome azoospermia factor C region is caused by non-homologous recombination between palindromes and may be associated with increased sperm counts. Hum. Reprod. 2011, 26(3):713-723.
183. Wang P.J., McCarrey J.R., Yang F., Page D.C. An abundance of X-linked genes expressed in spermatogonia. Nat. Genet. 2001, 27(4):422-426.
184. Brinster R.L., Avarbock M.R. Germline transmission of donor haplotype following spermatogonial transplantation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1994, 91:11303-11307.
185. Brinster R.L., Zimmerman J.W. Spermatogenesis following male germ-cell transplantation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1994, 91:11289-11302.
186. Nagano M., Brinster R.L. Spermatogonial transplantation and reconstitution of donor cell spermatogenesis in recipient males. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Immunol. Scand. 1998, 106:47-55.
187. Ogawa T., Arechnaga J.M., Avarbock M.R., Brinster R.L. Transplantation of testis germinal cells into mouse seminiferous tubules. Int. J. Dev. Biol. 1997, 41(1):111-122.
188. Kanatsu-Shinohara M., Muneto T., Lee J., Takenaka M., Chuma S., Nakatsuji N., Horiuchi T., Shinohara T. Long term culture of male germline stem cells from hamster testes. Biol. Reprod. 2008, 78(4):611-617.
189. Nagano M., Patrizio P., Brinster R.L. Long-term survival of human spermatogonial stem cells in mouse testes. Fertil. Steril. 2002, 78(6):1225-1233.
190. Schlatt S., Rosiepen G., Weinbauer G.F., Rolf C., Brook P.F., Nieschlag E. Germ cell transfer into rat, bovine, monkey and human testes. Hum. Reprod. 1999, 14(1):144-150.
191. Avarbock M.R., Brinster C.J., Brinster R.L. Reconstitution of spermatogenesis from frozen spermatogonial stem cells. Nat. Med. 1996, 2:693-696.
192. Sadri-Ardekani H., Mizrak S.C., van Daalen S.K.M., Korver C.M., Roepers-Gajadien H.L., Koruji M., Hovingh S., de Reijke T.M., de la Rosette J.J.M.C.H., van der Veen F., de Rooij D.G., Repping S., van Pelt A.M.M. Propagation of human spermatogonial stem cells in vitro. JAMA 2009, 302(19):2127-2134.
193. Mizrak S.C., Chikhovskaya J.V., Sandri-Ardekani H., van Daalen S., Korver C.M., Hovingh S.E., Roepers-Gajadien H.L., Raya A., Fluiter K., de Reijke Th.M., de la Rosette J.J.M.C.H., Knegt A.C., Belmonte J.C., van der Veen F., de Rooij D.G., Repping S., van Pelt A.M.M. Embryonic stem cell-like cells derived from adult human testis. Hum. Reprod. 2010, 25(1):158-167.
194. Jemal A., Siegel R., Ward E., Hao Y., Xu J., Murray T., Thun M.J. Cancer statistics, 2008. CA Cancer J. Clin. 2008, 58(2):71-96.
195. Bleyer W.A. The impact of childhood cancer on the United States and the world. CA Cancer J. Clin. 1990, 40(6):355-367.
196. Blatt J. Pregnancy outcome in long-term survivors of childhood cancer. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 1999, 33(1):29-33.
197. van den Berg H., Repping S., van der Veen F. Parental desire and acceptability of spermatogonial stem cell cryopreservation in boys with cancer. Hum. Reprod. 2007, 22(2):594-597.
198. Wallace W.H., Anderson R.A., Irvine D.S. Fertility preservation for young patients with cancer: who is at risk and what can be offered?. Lancet Oncol. 2005, 6(4):209-218.
199. Jeruss J.S., Woodruff T.K. Preservation of fertility in patients with cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 2009, 360(9):902-911.
200. Brinster R.L. Male germline stem cells: from mice to men. Science 2007, 316(5823):404-405.
201. Nagano M., Avarbock M.R., Leonida E.B., Brinster C.J., Brinster R.L. Culture of mouse spermatogonial stem cells. Tissue Cell 1998, 30(4):389-397.
202. Kanatsu-Shinohara M., Ogonuki N., Inoue K., Miki H., Ogura A., Toyokuni S., Shinohara T. Long-term proliferation in culture and germline transmission of mouse male germline stem cells. Biol. Reprod. 2003, 69(2):612-616.
203. Kanatsu-Shinohara M., Ogonuki N., Iwano T., Lee J., Kazuki Y., Inoue K., Miki H., Takehashi M., Toyokuni S., Shinkai Y., Oshimura M., Ishino F., Ogura A., Shinohara T. Genetic and epigenetic properties of mouse male germline stem cells during long-term culture. Development 2005, 132(18):4155-4163.
204. Kanatsu-Shinohara M., Miki H., Inoue K., Ogonuki N., Toyokuni S., Ogura A., Shinohara T. Long-term culture of mouse male germline stem cells under serum-or feeder-free conditions. Biol. Reprod. 2005, 72(4):985-991.
205. Hamra F.K., Chapman K.M., Nguyen D.M., Williams-Stephens A.A., Hammer R.E., Garbers D.L. Self renewal, expansion, and transfection of rat spermatogonial stem cells in culture. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2005, 102(48):17430-17435.
206. Sadri-Ardekani H., Akhondi M.A., van der Veen F., Repping S., van Pelt A.M. In vitro propagation of human prepubertal spermatogonial stem cells. JAMA 2011, 305(23):2416-2418.