Expressing urine from a gel disposable diaper for biomonitoring using phthalates as an example

Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology

Volumn 22, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 625-631

  Liu, Liangpo ^a   Xia, Tongwei ^a,b   Guo, Lihua ^c   Cao, Lanyu ^c   Zhao, Benhua ^c   Zhang, Jie ^a   Dong, Sijun ^a   Shen, Heqing ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS   (China)

^b CHINA UNIVERSITY OF GEOSCIENCES   (China)

^c XIAMEN UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

biomonitoring; gel diaper; infant exposure; phthalates

Indexed keywords

PHTHALIC ACID DERIVATIVE;

ARTICLE; ELECTROSPRAY MASS SPECTROMETRY; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN; INFANT; TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY; URINE;

CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; HUMANS; INFANT; PHTHALIC ACIDS; SPECTROMETRY, MASS, ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION; TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY; URINE;

EID: 84867899779     PISSN: 15590631     EISSN: 1559064X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/jes.2012.51     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. ATSDR. Toxicological Profile for Di-n-butyl Phthalate. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry: Atlanta, GA, USA, 2001. Available at http://www.atsdr.cdc.-gov/toxprofiles/tp135.html.
2. ATSDR. Toxicological Profile for Di (2-ethyl) phthalate (DEHP). Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry: Atlanta, GA, USA, 2002. Available at: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp9.html.
3. Lambrot R., Muczynski V., Lecureuil C., Angenard G., Coffigny H., and Pairault C., et al. Phthalates impair germ cell development in the human fetal testis in vitro without change in testosterone production. Environ Health Persp 2009: 117: 32-37.
4. Masuyama H., Hiramatsu Y., Kunitomi M., Kudo T., and MacDonald P.N. Endocrine disrupting chemicals, phthalic acid and nonylphenol, activate Pregnane X receptor-mediated transcription. Mol Endocrinol 2000: 14: 421-428. (Pubitemid 32260533)
5. Swan S.H., Main K.M., Liu F., Stewart S.L., Kruse R.L., and Calafat A.M., et al. Decrease in anogenital distance among male infants with prenatal phthalate exposure. Environ Health Persp 2005: 113: 1056-1061. (Pubitemid 41149638)
6. Daston G., Faustman E., Ginsberg G., Fenner-Crisp P., Olin S., and Sonawane B., et al. A framework for assessing risks to children from exposure to environmental agents. Environ Health Persp 2004: 112: 238-256. (Pubitemid 38195834)
7. WHO. 2006 Principles for evaluating health risks in children associated with exposure to chemicals, Environmental Health Criteria 237. http://whqlibdoc.-who.int/publications/2006/924157237X-eng.pdf(Access 2011-2-8).
8. Itoh H., Yoshida K., and Masunaga S. Quantitative identification of unknown exposure pathways of phthalates based on measuring their metabolites in human urine. Environ Sci Technol 2007: 41: 4542-4547. (Pubitemid 47047386)
9. Lorber M., Angerer J., and Koch H. A simple pharmacokinetic model to characterize exposure of Americans to Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 2009: 20: 38-53.
10. Högberg J., Hanberg A., Berglund M., Skerfving S., Remberger M., and Calafat A.M., et al. Phthalate diesters and their metabolites in human breast milk, blood or serum, and urine as biomarkers of exposure in vulnerable populations. Environ Health Persp 2008: 116: 334-339. (Pubitemid 351395601)
11. Liu L., Bao H., Liu F., Zhang J., and Shen H. Phthalates exposure of the Chinese reproductive age couples and their effect on male semen quality, a primary study. Environ Int 2012: 42: 78-83. (doi:10.1016/j.envint.2011.04.05).
12. Wolff M.S., Teitelbaum S.L., Windham G., Pinney S.M., Britton J.A., and Chelimo C., et al. Pilot study of urinary biomarkers of phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols in girls. Environ Health Persp 2007: 115: 116-121. (Pubitemid 46050292)
13. Lee E.J., and Arbuckle T.E. Urine-sampling methods for environmental chemicals in infants and young children: urine sampling of chemicals in young children. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 2009: 19: 625-633.
14. Adibi J.J., Whyatt R.M., Williams P.L., Calafat A.M., Camann D., and Herrick R., et al. Characterization of phthalate exposure among pregnant women assessed by repeat air and urine samples. Environ Health Persp 2008: 116: 467-473. (Pubitemid 351864304)
15. Sathyanarayana S., Karr C.J., Lozano P., Brown E., Calafat A.M., and Liu F., et al. Baby care products: possible sources of infant phthalate exposure. Pediatrics 2008: 121: e260-e268. (Pubitemid 351198431)
16. Farrell M., Devine K., Lancaster G., and Judd B. A method comparison study to assess the reliability of urine collection pads as a means of obtaining urine specimens from non-toilet-trained children for microbiological examination. J Adv Nurs 2002: 37: 387-393.
17. Shvartzman P., and Nasri Y. Urine culture collected from gel-based diapers: developing a novel experimental laboratory method. J Am Board Fam Pract 2004: 17: 91-95.
18. Macfarlane P.I., Ellis R., Hughes C., Houghton C., and Lord R. Urine collection pads: are samples reliable for urine biochemistry and microscopy? Pediatr Nephrol 2005: 20: 170-179. (Pubitemid 40174030)
19. Hu Y.A., Barr D.B., Akland G., Melnyk L., Needham L., and Pellizzari E.D., et al. Collecting urine samples from young children using cotton gauze for pesticide studies. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 2000: 10: 703-709. (Pubitemid 32038554)
20. Hu Y., Beach J., Raymer J., and Gardner M. Disposable diaper to collect urine samples from young children for pyrethroid pesticide studies. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 2004: 14: 378-384. (Pubitemid 39372580)
21. Mukerjee M. Diapers-disposable. superabsorbers. Sci Am 2000: 283: 100-101.
22. Silva M.J., Slakman A.R., Reidy J.A., Preau Jr. J.L., Herbert A.R., and Calafat A.M., et al. Analysis of human urine for fifteen phthalate metabolites using automated solid-phase extraction. J Chromatogr B 2004: 805: 161-167. (Pubitemid 38534416)
23. Silva M.J., Samandar E., Preau Jr. J.L., Reidy J.A., Needham L.L., and Calafat A.M. Quantification of 22 phthalate metabolites in human urine. J Chromatogr B 2007: 860: 106-112. (Pubitemid 350161471)
24. Lin S., Ku H.Y., Su P.H., Chen J.W., Huang P.C., and Wang S.L., et al. Phthalate exposure in pregnant women and their children in central Taiwan. Chemosphere 2011: 82: 947-955.