메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 1, 2012, Pages

A survey of pharmaceutical company representative interactions with doctors in Libya

Author keywords

Gift giving; Pharmaceutical promotion; Pharmaceutical representative visits

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; AGED; ANESTHESIST; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GENERAL PRACTITIONER; GIFT GIVING; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA; MALE; MEDICAL PRACTICE; NONMEDICAL OCCUPATIONS; PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY REPRESENTATIVE; PHYSICIAN; PRIVATE PRACTICE; QUESTIONNAIRE; REIMBURSEMENT; RESIDENT; REVIEW; SEX DIFFERENCE; SOCIAL INTERACTION; SURGEON; WORK EXPERIENCE;

EID: 84866979288     PISSN: 19932820     EISSN: 18196357     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3402/ljm.v7i0.18556     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (24)

References (86)
  • 1
    • 79957479225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug companies increase prices in face of change. NewYork Times
    • Available from: [downloaded 15 November 2009], 16 November 2009, A1
    • Wilson D. Drug companies increase prices in face of change. NewYork Times, 16 November 2009, A1. Available from: http:// www.nytimes.com/2009/11/16/business/16drugprices.html?_r_1 [downloaded 15 November 2009].
    • (2009)
    • Wilson, D.1
  • 4
    • 0030116133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physicians, pharmaceutical sales representatives, and the cost of prescribing
    • Caudill TS, Johnson MS, Rich EC, McKinney WP. Physicians, pharmaceutical sales representatives, and the cost of prescribing. Arch Fam Med. 1996; 5: 201_6.
    • (1996) Arch Fam Med. , vol.5 , pp. 201-206
    • Caudill, T.S.1    Johnson, M.S.2    Rich, E.C.3    McKinney, W.P.4
  • 6
    • 0035486827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The performance and problems of the Turkish pharmaceutical industry: Is there a need to develop a national drug policy
    • Kisa A. The performance and problems of the Turkish pharmaceutical industry: is there a need to develop a national drug policy? J Med Syst. 2001; 25: 309_18.
    • (2001) J Med Syst. , vol.25 , pp. 309-318
    • Kisa, A.1
  • 7
    • 0026099667 scopus 로고
    • Kennedy hearings say no more free lunch _ or much else _ from drug firms
    • Randall T. Kennedy hearings say no more free lunch _ or much else _ from drug firms. JAMA. 1991; 265: 440_2.
    • (1991) JAMA. , vol.265 , pp. 440-442
    • Randall, T.1
  • 8
    • 0030256952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why do American drug companies spend more than $12 billion a year pushing drugs? Is it education or promotion? Characteristics of materials distributed by drug companies: Four points of view
    • Wolfe SM. Why do American drug companies spend more than $12 billion a year pushing drugs? Is it education or promotion? Characteristics of materials distributed by drug companies: four points of view. J Gen Intern Med. 1996; 11: 637_9.
    • (1996) J Gen Intern Med. , vol.11 , pp. 637-639
    • Wolfe, S.M.1
  • 9
    • 0028272428 scopus 로고
    • Centers for education and research in therapeutics
    • Woosley RL. Centers for education and research in therapeutics. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1994; 55: 249_55.
    • (1994) Clin Pharmacol Ther. , vol.55 , pp. 249-255
    • Woosley, R.L.1
  • 10
    • 0038777089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who pays for the pizza? Redefining the relationships between doctors and drug companies. 1: Entanglement
    • Moynihan R. Who pays for the pizza? Redefining the relationships between doctors and drug companies. 1: entanglement. BMJ. 2003; 326: 1189_92.
    • (2003) BMJ. , vol.326 , pp. 1189-1192
    • Moynihan, R.1
  • 11
    • 0034684955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physicians and the pharmaceutical industry _ is a gift ever just a gift
    • Wazana A. Physicians and the pharmaceutical industry _ is a gift ever just a gift? JAMA. 2000; 283: 373_80.
    • (2000) JAMA. , vol.283 , pp. 373-380
    • Wazana, A.1
  • 12
    • 6944238651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doctors and drug companies
    • Blumenthal D. Doctors and drug companies. N Engl J Med. 2004; 351: 1885_90.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med. , vol.351 , pp. 1885-1890
    • Blumenthal, D.1
  • 13
    • 2942670589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food for thought: Why physicians should reconsider gifts from pharmaceutical companies
    • Williams SC. Food for thought: why physicians should reconsider gifts from pharmaceutical companies. Curr Surg. 2003; 60: 152_3.
    • (2003) Curr Surg. , vol.60 , pp. 152-153
    • Williams, S.C.1
  • 15
    • 0034265828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1999 LeTourneau award. An analysis of antikickback and self-referral law in modern health care
    • Morrison AW. 1999 LeTourneau award. An analysis of antikickback and self-referral law in modern health care. J Leg Med. 2000; 21: 351_94.
    • (2000) J Leg Med. , vol.21 , pp. 351-394
    • Morrison, A.W.1
  • 16
    • 25144474846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • House of Commons Health Committee, Available from, [downloaded 5 April]
    • House of Commons Health Committee. The influence of the pharmaceutical industry. Available from: http://www.parliament. the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm200405/cmselect/cmhealth/42/42. pdf [downloaded 5 April 2005].
    • (2005) The influence of the pharmaceutical industry
  • 18
    • 84866973378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SESRIC, Available from: http://www. sesric.org/website-search.php?cx_010499498461835971889%3 Amf5xgbwpfye&cof_FORID%3A11&q_pharmaceutical&siteurl, [downloaded 29 September]
    • SESRIC. Pharmaceutical industry production, consumption and trade in OIC member countries. Available from: http://www. sesric.org/website-search.php?cx_010499498461835971889%3 Amf5xgbwpfye&cof_FORID%3A11&q_pharmaceutical&siteurl_ http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sesric.org%2F [downloaded 29 September 2011].
    • (2011) Pharmaceutical industry production, consumption and trade in OIC member countries
  • 19
    • 84867027308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Libyan health service capacity. London: The human development resource centre (HDRC)
    • Available from: [downloaded 1 February 2011]
    • Bolton L. Libyan health service capacity. London: The human development resource centre (HDRC). Available from: http:// hdrc.dfid.gov.uk/2011/02/libyan-health-service-capacity/ [downloaded 1 February 2011].
    • (2011)
    • Bolton, L.1
  • 20
    • 84867029225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Australian Trade Commission
    • Available from: [downloaded 22 April]
    • The Australian Trade Commission. Health and medical to Libya. Available from: http://austrade.gov.au/Health-and-medical-to-Libya/default.aspx [downloaded 22 April 2009].
    • (2009) Health and medical to Libya
  • 21
    • 0025719561 scopus 로고
    • The ethics of accepting gifts from pharmaceutical companies
    • Margolis LH. The ethics of accepting gifts from pharmaceutical companies. Pediatrics. 1991; 88: 1233_7.
    • (1991) Pediatrics. , vol.88 , pp. 1233-1237
    • Margolis, L.H.1
  • 22
    • 0024826182 scopus 로고
    • Doctors, drug companies, and gifts
    • Chren MM, Landefeld CS, Murray TH. Doctors, drug companies, and gifts. JAMA. 1989; 262: 3448_51.
    • (1989) JAMA. , vol.262 , pp. 3448-3451
    • Chren, M.M.1    Landefeld, C.S.2    Murray, T.H.3
  • 23
    • 0026762810 scopus 로고
    • Pharmaceutical promotions _ A free lunch
    • Waud DR. Pharmaceutical promotions _ a free lunch? N Engl J Med. 1992; 327: 351_3.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med. , vol.327 , pp. 351-353
    • Waud, D.R.1
  • 24
    • 85047690095 scopus 로고
    • Patient perceptions of physician acceptance of gifts from the pharmaceutical industry
    • Mainous AG 3rd, Hueston WJ, Rich EC. Patient perceptions of physician acceptance of gifts from the pharmaceutical industry. Arch Fam Med. 1995; 4: 335_9.
    • (1995) Arch Fam Med. , vol.4 , pp. 335-339
    • Mainous III, A.G.1    Hueston, W.J.2    Rich, E.C.3
  • 25
    • 0029399573 scopus 로고
    • Patients' attitudes about gifts to physicians from pharmaceutical companies
    • Blake RL Jr, Early EK. Patients' attitudes about gifts to physicians from pharmaceutical companies. J Am Board Fam Pract. 1995; 8: 457_64.
    • (1995) J Am Board Fam Pract. , vol.8 , pp. 457-464
    • Blake Jr., R.L.1    Early, E.K.2
  • 26
    • 0022702054 scopus 로고
    • Physicians' opinions of the accuracy, accessibility, and frequency of use of ten sources of new drug information
    • McCue JD, Hansen CJ, Gal P. Physicians' opinions of the accuracy, accessibility, and frequency of use of ten sources of new drug information. South Med J. 1986; 79: 441_3.
    • (1986) South Med J. , vol.79 , pp. 441-443
    • McCue, J.D.1    Hansen, C.J.2    Gal, P.3
  • 27
    • 0030116133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physicians, pharmaceutical sales representatives, and the cost of prescribing
    • Caudill TS, Johnson MS, Rich EC, McKinney WP. Physicians, pharmaceutical sales representatives, and the cost of prescribing. Arch Fam Med. 1996; 5: 201_6.
    • (1996) Arch Fam Med. , vol.5 , pp. 201-206
    • Caudill, T.S.1    Johnson, M.S.2    Rich, E.C.3    McKinney, W.P.4
  • 28
    • 68949196324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with physicians' reliance on pharmaceutical sales representatives
    • Anderson BL, Silverman GK, Loewenstein GF, Zinberg S, Schulkin J. Factors associated with physicians' reliance on pharmaceutical sales representatives. Acad Med. 2009; 84: 994_1002.
    • (2009) Acad Med. , vol.84 , pp. 994-1002
    • Anderson, B.L.1    Silverman, G.K.2    Loewenstein, G.F.3    Zinberg, S.4    Schulkin, J.5
  • 29
    • 34447276404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of pharmaceutical promotion on prescribing decisions of general practitioners in Eastern Turkey
    • Vancelik S, Beyhun NE, Acemoglu H, Calikoglu O. Impact of pharmaceutical promotion on prescribing decisions of general practitioners in Eastern Turkey. BMC Public Health. 2007; 25: 122.
    • (2007) BMC Public Health. , vol.25 , pp. 122
    • Vancelik, S.1    Beyhun, N.E.2    Acemoglu, H.3    Calikoglu, O.4
  • 30
    • 0020419587 scopus 로고
    • Rational prescribing and sources of information
    • Haayer F. Rational prescribing and sources of information. Soc Sci Med. 1982; 16: 2017_23.
    • (1982) Soc Sci Med. , vol.16 , pp. 2017-2023
    • Haayer, F.1
  • 31
    • 42149133188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attitudes to pharmaceutical promotion techniques among healthcare professionals in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
    • Burashnikova IS, Ziganshin AU, Ziganshina LE. Attitudes to pharmaceutical promotion techniques among healthcare professionals in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. Int J Risk Saf Med. 2008; 20: 57_71.
    • (2008) Int J Risk Saf Med. , vol.20 , pp. 57-71
    • Burashnikova, I.S.1    Ziganshin, A.U.2    Ziganshina, L.E.3
  • 33
    • 70349281440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of interactions between pharmaceutical representatives and ophthalmology trainees
    • e3
    • Wang Y, Adelman RA. A study of interactions between pharmaceutical representatives and ophthalmology trainees. Am J Ophthalmol. 2009; 148: 619_622. e3.
    • (2009) Am J Ophthalmol. , vol.148 , pp. 619-622
    • Wang, Y.1    Adelman, R.A.2
  • 34
    • 0030312190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National survey on the attitudes of Canadian physicians towards drug-detailing by pharmaceutical representatives
    • Strang D, Gagnon M, Molloy W, Bedard M, Darzins P, Etchells E, et al. National survey on the attitudes of Canadian physicians towards drug-detailing by pharmaceutical representatives. Ann R Coll Physicians Surg Can. 1996; 29: 474_8.
    • (1996) Ann R Coll Physicians Surg Can. , vol.29 , pp. 474-478
    • Strang, D.1    Gagnon, M.2    Molloy, W.3    Bedard, M.4    Darzins, P.5    Etchells, E.6
  • 35
    • 0028952727 scopus 로고
    • The accuracy of drug information from pharmaceutical sales representatives
    • Ziegler MG, Lew P, Singer BC. The accuracy of drug information from pharmaceutical sales representatives. JAMA. 1995; 273: 1296_8.
    • (1995) JAMA. , vol.273 , pp. 1296-1298
    • Ziegler, M.G.1    Lew, P.2    Singer, B.C.3
  • 36
    • 0028236944 scopus 로고
    • Attitudes of general practitioners in New Zealand to pharmaceutical representatives
    • Thomson AN, Craig BJ, Barham PM. Attitudes of general practitioners in New Zealand to pharmaceutical representatives. Br J Gen Pract. 1994; 44: 220_3.
    • (1994) Br J Gen Pract. , vol.44 , pp. 220-223
    • Thomson, A.N.1    Craig, B.J.2    Barham, P.M.3
  • 37
    • 0027374099 scopus 로고
    • Pharmaceutical representatives and emergency medicine residents: A national survey
    • Reeder M, Dougherty J, White LJ. Pharmaceutical representatives and emergency medicine residents: a national survey. Ann Emerg Med. 1993; 22: 1593_6.
    • (1993) Ann Emerg Med. , vol.22 , pp. 1593-1596
    • Reeder, M.1    Dougherty, J.2    White, L.J.3
  • 39
    • 77957857735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Japanese practicing physicians' relationships with pharmaceutical representatives: A national survey
    • Saito S, Mukohara K, Bito S. Japanese practicing physicians' relationships with pharmaceutical representatives: a national survey. PLoS One. 2010; 5: e12193.
    • (2010) PLoS One. , vol.5
    • Saito, S.1    Mukohara, K.2    Bito, S.3
  • 40
    • 77955478534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A survey of german physicians in private practice about contacts with pharmaceutical sales representatives
    • Lieb K, Brandtönies S. A survey of german physicians in private practice about contacts with pharmaceutical sales representatives. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2010; 107: 392_8.
    • (2010) Dtsch Arztebl Int. , vol.107 , pp. 392-398
    • Lieb, K.1    Brandtönies, S.2
  • 41
    • 84866998133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Kaiser Family Foundation
    • Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation; 2002, [downloaded September], PageID=13965
    • The Kaiser Family Foundation. National survey of physicians part II: doctors and prescription drugs. Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation; 2002. http://www.kff.org/ rxdrugs/loader.cfm?url=/commonspot/security/getfile.cfm& PageID=13965 [downloaded September 2012].
    • (2012) National survey of physicians part II: Doctors and prescription drugs
  • 42
    • 84856356649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of promotional strategies of pharmaceutical companies on doctors' prescription pattern in Southeast Nigeria
    • Ijoma U, Onwuekwe I, Onodugo O, Aguwa E, Ejim E, Onyedum C, et al. Effect of promotional strategies of pharmaceutical companies on doctors' prescription pattern in Southeast Nigeria. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2010; 9: 1_6.
    • (2010) TAF Prev Med Bull. , vol.9 , pp. 1-6
    • Ijoma, U.1    Onwuekwe, I.2    Onodugo, O.3    Aguwa, E.4    Ejim, E.5    Onyedum, C.6
  • 43
    • 84867017255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug promotion: What we know, what we have yet to learn. Geneva: World Health Organization
    • Available from: [downloaded 22 September 2006], 2005
    • Norris P, Herxheimer A, Lexchin J, Mansfield P. Drug promotion: what we know, what we have yet to learn. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005. Available from: http://www.who.int/ entity/medicines/areas/rational_use/drugPromodhai.pdf [downloaded 22 September 2006].
    • (2006)
    • Norris, P.1    Herxheimer, A.2    Lexchin, J.3    Mansfield, P.4
  • 44
    • 84855261739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethical evaluation of pharmaceutical marketing in Pakistan
    • Ahmad M, Awan MHA, Murtaza G. Ethical evaluation of pharmaceutical marketing in Pakistan. Acta Bioethica. 2011; 17: 215_24.
    • (2011) Acta Bioethica. , vol.17 , pp. 215-224
    • Ahmad, M.1    Awan, M.H.A.2    Murtaza, G.3
  • 45
    • 32944475619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical evaluation of the claims made by pharmaceutical companies in drug promotional material in Pakistan
    • Rohra DK, Gilani AH, Memon IK, Perven G, Khan MT, Zafar H, et al. Critical evaluation of the claims made by pharmaceutical companies in drug promotional material in Pakistan. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2006; 9: 50_9.
    • (2006) J Pharm Pharm Sci. , vol.9 , pp. 50-59
    • Rohra, D.K.1    Gilani, A.H.2    Memon, I.K.3    Perven, G.4    Khan, M.T.5    Zafar, H.6
  • 46
    • 57049167934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug promotional brochure as a source of drug information in Bangladesh: A critical analysis of the brochures
    • Islam MS, Farah SS. Drug promotional brochure as a source of drug information in Bangladesh: a critical analysis of the brochures. Calicut Med J. 2008; 6: e5.
    • (2008) Calicut Med J. , vol.6
    • Islam, M.S.1    Farah, S.S.2
  • 47
    • 49249113511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug promotional practices in Mumbai: A qualitative study
    • Roy N, Madhiwalla N, Pai SA. Drug promotional practices in Mumbai: a qualitative study. Indian J Med Ethics. 2007; 4: 57_61.
    • (2007) Indian J Med Ethics. , vol.4 , pp. 57-61
    • Roy, N.1    Madhiwalla, N.2    Pai, S.A.3
  • 48
    • 12244271064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influences on GPs' decision to prescribe new drugs-the importance of who says what
    • Prosser H, Almond S, Walley T. Influences on GPs' decision to prescribe new drugs-the importance of who says what. Fam Pract. 2003; 20: 61_8.
    • (2003) Fam Pract. , vol.20 , pp. 61-68
    • Prosser, H.1    Almond, S.2    Walley, T.3
  • 49
    • 0036739553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of commercial information on prescription quantity in primary care
    • Caamaño F, Figueiras A, Gestal-Otero JJ. Influence of commercial information on prescription quantity in primary care. Eur J Public Health. 2002; 12: 187_91.
    • (2002) Eur J Public Health. , vol.12 , pp. 187-191
    • Caamaño, F.1    Figueiras, A.2    Gestal-Otero, J.J.3
  • 50
    • 85012557075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All gifts large and small: Toward an understanding of the ethics of pharmaceutical industry giftgiving
    • Katz D, Caplan AL, Merz JF. All gifts large and small: toward an understanding of the ethics of pharmaceutical industry giftgiving. Am J Bioeth. 2003; 3: 39_46.
    • (2003) Am J Bioeth. , vol.3 , pp. 39-46
    • Katz, D.1    Caplan, A.L.2    Merz, J.F.3
  • 51
    • 84867027313 scopus 로고
    • The role of 'self-concept' in industrial buying: An empirical investigation in the purchasing of office machines
    • [dissertation]
    • Reddy A. The role of 'self-concept' in industrial buying: an empirical investigation in the purchasing of office machines. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill [dissertation]; 1971.
    • (1971) University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
    • Reddy, A.1
  • 52
    • 0000545329 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between prior brand knowledge and information acquisition order
    • Simonson I, Huber J, Payne J. The relationship between prior brand knowledge and information acquisition order. J Consum Res. 1988; 14: 566_78.
    • (1988) J Consum Res. , vol.14 , pp. 566-578
    • Simonson, I.1    Huber, J.2    Payne, J.3
  • 53
    • 66149130668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of exposure to small pharmaceutical promotional items on treatment preferences
    • Grande D, Frosch DL, Perkins AW, Kahn BE. Effect of exposure to small pharmaceutical promotional items on treatment preferences. Arch Intern Med. 2009; 169: 887_93.
    • (2009) Arch Intern Med. , vol.169 , pp. 887-893
    • Grande, D.1    Frosch, D.L.2    Perkins, A.W.3    Kahn, B.E.4
  • 54
    • 0042380097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prescription drug samples _ does this marketing strategy counteract policies for quality use of medicines
    • Groves KE, Sketris I, Tett SE. Prescription drug samples _ does this marketing strategy counteract policies for quality use of medicines? J Clin Pharm Ther. 2003; 28: 259_71.
    • (2003) J Clin Pharm Ther. , vol.28 , pp. 259-271
    • Groves, K.E.1    Sketris, I.2    Tett, S.E.3
  • 56
    • 0033775802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influences of drug companies' advertising programs on physicians
    • Gü ldal D, Semin S. The influences of drug companies' advertising programs on physicians. Int J Health Serv. 2000; 30: 585_95.
    • (2000) Int J Health Serv. , vol.30 , pp. 585-595
    • Gü ldal, D.1    Semin, S.2
  • 57
    • 0035237391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physicians' perceptions and uses of commercial drug information sources
    • Spiller LD, Wymer WW. Physicians' perceptions and uses of commercial drug information sources. Health Mark Q. 2001; 19: 91_106.
    • (2001) Health Mark Q. , vol.19 , pp. 91-106
    • Spiller, L.D.1    Wymer, W.W.2
  • 58
    • 0042821318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How does direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) affect prescribing? A survey in primary care environments with and without legal DTCA
    • Mintzes B, Barer ML, Kravitz RL, Bassett K, Lexchin J, Kazanjian A, et al. How does direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) affect prescribing? A survey in primary care environments with and without legal DTCA. CMAJ. 2003; 169: 405_12.
    • (2003) CMAJ. , vol.169 , pp. 405-412
    • Mintzes, B.1    Barer, M.L.2    Kravitz, R.L.3    Bassett, K.4    Lexchin, J.5    Kazanjian, A.6
  • 59
    • 0036027218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct-to-consumer advertising of prescription drugs: The evidence says no
    • Lexchin J, Mintzes B. Direct-to-consumer advertising of prescription drugs: the evidence says no. J Public Policy Mark. 2002; 21: 194_201.
    • (2002) J Public Policy Mark. , vol.21 , pp. 194-201
    • Lexchin, J.1    Mintzes, B.2
  • 60
    • 84867027897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of drug sample availability on physician prescribing behavior: A systematic review
    • Warrier R, Monaghan MS, Maio A, Huggett K, Rich E. Effect of drug sample availability on physician prescribing behavior: a systematic review. Clin Rev Opin. 2010; 2: 41_8.
    • (2010) Clin Rev Opin. , vol.2 , pp. 41-48
    • Warrier, R.1    Monaghan, M.S.2    Maio, A.3    Huggett, K.4    Rich, E.5
  • 61
    • 33746786455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giving and receiving of gifts between pharmaceutical companies and medical specialists in Australia
    • McNeill PM, Kerridge IH, Henry DA, Stokes B, Hill SR, Newby D, et al. Giving and receiving of gifts between pharmaceutical companies and medical specialists in Australia. Intern Med J. 2006; 36: 571_8.
    • (2006) Intern Med J. , vol.36 , pp. 571-578
    • McNeill, P.M.1    Kerridge, I.H.2    Henry, D.A.3    Stokes, B.4    Hill, S.R.5    Newby, D.6
  • 62
    • 52849134606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethical problems of physicians in relationship with pharmaceutical representatives in Denizli, Turkey
    • Acar K, Zencir M, Ozsahin A, Cetin CB. Ethical problems of physicians in relationship with pharmaceutical representatives in Denizli, Turkey. Internet J Law Healthc Ethics. 2002; 1: 33.
    • (2002) Internet J Law Healthc Ethics. , vol.1 , pp. 33
    • Acar, K.1    Zencir, M.2    Ozsahin, A.3    Cetin, C.B.4
  • 63
    • 0343715092 scopus 로고
    • The consumer as financial opinion leader
    • Stern B, Gould S. The consumer as financial opinion leader. J Retail Bank. 1988; 10: 43_52.
    • (1988) J Retail Bank. , vol.10 , pp. 43-52
    • Stern, B.1    Gould, S.2
  • 66
    • 77955624723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymmetric social interactions in physician prescription behavior: The role of opinion leaders
    • Nair H, Manchanda P, Bhatia T. Asymmetric social interactions in physician prescription behavior: the role of opinion leaders. J Marketing Res. 2010; 47: 883_95.
    • (2010) J Marketing Res. , vol.47 , pp. 883-895
    • Nair, H.1    Manchanda, P.2    Bhatia, T.3
  • 67
    • 0030850639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physicians' preferences for information sources: A meta-analytic study
    • Haug JD. Physicians' preferences for information sources: a meta-analytic study. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 1997; 85: 223_32.
    • (1997) Bull Med Libr Assoc. , vol.85 , pp. 223-232
    • Haug, J.D.1
  • 68
    • 0031112693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of information resources preferred by primary care physicians
    • Thompson M. Characteristics of information resources preferred by primary care physicians. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 1997; 85: 187_92.
    • (1997) Bull Med Libr Assoc. , vol.85 , pp. 187-192
    • Thompson, M.1
  • 69
    • 33847102609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors that influence prescribing decisions among Turkish physicians
    • Kisa S. Factors that influence prescribing decisions among Turkish physicians. Clin Res Regul Aff. 2006; 23: 177_89.
    • (2006) Clin Res Regul Aff. , vol.23 , pp. 177-189
    • Kisa, S.1
  • 70
    • 26844512087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors that influence prescribers in their selection and use of COX-2 selective inhibitors as opposed to non-selective NSAIDs
    • Gunnarsdó ttir AI, Kinnear M. Factors that influence prescribers in their selection and use of COX-2 selective inhibitors as opposed to non-selective NSAIDs. Pharm World Sci. 2005; 27: 316_20.
    • (2005) Pharm World Sci. , vol.27 , pp. 316-320
    • Gunnarsdó ttir, A.I.1    Kinnear, M.2
  • 71
    • 33747085562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narrative review: The promotion of gabapentin: An analysis of internal industry documents
    • Steinman MA, Bero LA, Chren MM, Landefeld CS. Narrative review: the promotion of gabapentin: an analysis of internal industry documents. Ann Intern Med. 2006; 145: 284_93.
    • (2006) Ann Intern Med. , vol.145 , pp. 284-293
    • Steinman, M.A.1    Bero, L.A.2    Chren, M.M.3    Landefeld, C.S.4
  • 72
    • 0029941891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Auditing GPs' prescribing habits: Cardiovascular prescribing frequently continues medication initiated by specialists
    • de Vries CS, van Diepen NM, Tromp TF, de Jong-van den Berg LT. Auditing GPs' prescribing habits: cardiovascular prescribing frequently continues medication initiated by specialists. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1996; 50: 349_52.
    • (1996) Eur J Clin Pharmacol. , vol.50 , pp. 349-352
    • de Vries, C.S.1    van Diepen, N.M.2    Tromp, T.F.3    de Jong-van den Berg, L.T.4
  • 73
    • 0024408317 scopus 로고
    • Doctors and detailers: Therapeutic education or pharmaceutical promotion
    • Lexchin J. Doctors and detailers: therapeutic education or pharmaceutical promotion? Int J Health Serv. 1989; 19: 663_79.
    • (1989) Int J Health Serv. , vol.19 , pp. 663-679
    • Lexchin, J.1
  • 74
    • 0000181838 scopus 로고
    • The physician as prescriber: Relations between knowledge about prescription drugs, encounters with patients and the pharmaceutical industry, and prescription volume
    • Williams P, Cockerill R, Lowy F. The physician as prescriber: relations between knowledge about prescription drugs, encounters with patients and the pharmaceutical industry, and prescription volume. Health and Canadian Society. 1995; 3: 135_66.
    • (1995) Health and Canadian Society. , vol.3 , pp. 135-166
    • Williams, P.1    Cockerill, R.2    Lowy, F.3
  • 75
    • 84867029229 scopus 로고
    • Report on the 1989 survey of the prescribing experiences and attitudes toward prescription drugs of Ontario physicians
    • Williams P, Cockerill R. Report on the 1989 survey of the prescribing experiences and attitudes toward prescription drugs of Ontario physicians. Toronto: Government of Ontario; 1990.
    • (1990) Toronto: Government of Ontario;
    • Williams, P.1    Cockerill, R.2
  • 76
    • 0031856479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commercial detailing techniques used by pharmaceutical representatives to influence prescribing
    • Roughead EE, Harvey KJ, Gilbert AL. Commercial detailing techniques used by pharmaceutical representatives to influence prescribing. Aust N Z J Med. 1998; 28: 306_10.
    • (1998) Aust N Z J Med. , vol.28 , pp. 306-310
    • Roughead, E.E.1    Harvey, K.J.2    Gilbert, A.L.3
  • 77
    • 84866998134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eastern Mediterranean Regional Health Systems Observatory
    • Geneva: World Health Organization
    • Eastern Mediterranean Regional Health Systems Observatory. Health system profile: Libya. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2007.
    • (2007) Health system profile: Libya
  • 78
    • 84867001810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social policy and trends
    • In: Otman W, editor, Springer: Berlin
    • Otman WA, Karlberg E. Social policy and trends. In: Otman W, editor. The Libyan economy. Springer: Berlin; 2007, pp. 87_149.
    • (2007) The Libyan economy , pp. 87-149
    • Otman, W.A.1    Karlberg, E.2
  • 79
    • 0017655316 scopus 로고
    • The function of drug company representatives
    • Hemminki E, Pesonen T. The function of drug company representatives. Scand J Soc Med. 1977; 5: 105_14.
    • (1977) Scand J Soc Med. , vol.5 , pp. 105-114
    • Hemminki, E.1    Pesonen, T.2
  • 80
    • 0016374073 scopus 로고
    • Compliance without pressure: Some further data on the foot-in-the-door technique
    • Pliner P, Hart H, Kohl J, Saari D. Compliance without pressure: some further data on the foot-in-the-door technique. J Exp Soc Psychol. 1974; 10: 17_22.
    • (1974) J Exp Soc Psychol. , vol.10 , pp. 17-22
    • Pliner, P.1    Hart, H.2    Kohl, J.3    Saari, D.4
  • 81
    • 0020320465 scopus 로고
    • Scientific versus commercial sources of influence on the prescribing behavior of physicians
    • Avorn J, Chen M, Hartley R. Scientific versus commercial sources of influence on the prescribing behavior of physicians. Am J Med. 1982; 73: 4_8.
    • (1982) Am J Med. , vol.73 , pp. 4-8
    • Avorn, J.1    Chen, M.2    Hartley, R.3
  • 82
    • 0037762579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of general practitioners who frequently see drug industry representatives: National cross sectional study
    • Watkins C, Moore L, Harvey I, Carthy P, Robinson E, Brawn R. Characteristics of general practitioners who frequently see drug industry representatives: national cross sectional study. BMJ. 2003; 326: 1178_9.
    • (2003) BMJ. , vol.326 , pp. 1178-1179
    • Watkins, C.1    Moore, L.2    Harvey, I.3    Carthy, P.4    Robinson, E.5    Brawn, R.6
  • 83
    • 0035669189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newly admitted psychiatric patient prescriptions and pharmaceutical sales visits
    • Schwartz TL, Kuhles DJ 2nd, Wade M. Masand PS. Newly admitted psychiatric patient prescriptions and pharmaceutical sales visits. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2001; 13: 159_62.
    • (2001) Ann Clin Psychiatry. , vol.13 , pp. 159-162
    • Schwartz, T.L.1    Kuhles II, D.J.2    Wade, M.3    Masand, P.S.4
  • 84
    • 0023924650 scopus 로고
    • The role of commercial sources in the adoption of a new drug
    • Peay MY, Peay ER. The role of commercial sources in the adoption of a new drug. Soc Sci Med. 1988; 26: 1183_9.
    • (1988) Soc Sci Med. , vol.26 , pp. 1183-1189
    • Peay, M.Y.1    Peay, E.R.2
  • 86
    • 0003745146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geneva: World Health Organization; 1988. Available from: [downloaded 3 August]
    • World Health Organization. Ethical criteria for medicinal drug promotion. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1988. Available from: http://www.who.int/medicinedocs [downloaded 3 August 2008].
    • (2008) Ethical criteria for medicinal drug promotion
    • Organization, H.W.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.