Life-History and Spatial Determinants of Somatic Growth Dynamics in Komodo Dragon Populations

PLoS ONE

Volumn 7, Issue 9, 2012, Pages

  Laver, Rebecca J ^a   Purwandana, Deni ^b   Ariefiandy, Achmad ^b   Imansyah, Jeri ^b   Forsyth, David ^c   Ciofi, Claudio ^d   Jessop, Tim S ^a,e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

^b The Komodo Survival Program   (Indonesia)

^c ARTHUR RYLAH INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH   (Australia)

^d UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE   (Italy)

^e Zoos Victoria ^*  (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGE; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; BODY GROWTH; BODY SIZE; CONTROLLED STUDY; COST; ENERGY; FEMALE; GROWTH RATE; INBREEDING; INDONESIA; KOMODO DRAGON; LIFE HISTORY; LIZARD; LONGEVITY; MALE; NONHUMAN; ONTOGENY; POPULATION DENSITY; POPULATION DYNAMICS; PREY; REPRODUCTION; SEX DIFFERENCE;

ANIMALS; FEMALE; INDONESIA; ISLANDS; LIZARDS; MALE; POPULATION DENSITY;

SQUAMATA; VARANUS KOMODOENSIS;

EID: 84866563082     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045398     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Caley MJ, Schwarzkopf L, (2004) Complex growth rate evolution in a latitudinally widespread species. Evolution 58: 862-869.
2. Roff DA (1992) The evolution of life histories: theory and analysis. New York: Chapman and Hall.
3. Stearns SC (1992) The evolution of life histories. Oxford, U.K: Oxford University Press.
4. Ballinger RE, Congdon JD, (1980) Food resource limitation of body growth rates in Sceloporus scalaris (Sauria: Iguanidae). Copeia 1980: 921-923.
5. Forsman A, Lindell LE, (1991) Trade-off between growth and energy storage in male Vipera berus (L.) under different prey densities. Funct Ecol 5: 717-723.
6. Madsen T, Shine R, (2000) Silver spoons and snake body sizes: prey availability early in life influences long-term growth rates of free-ranging pythons. J Anim Ecol 69: 952-958.
7. Tinkle DW, Wilbur HM, Tilley SG, (1970) Evolutionary strategies in lizard reproduction. Evolution 24: 55-74.
8. Kirkpatrick M (1988) The evolution of growth patterns and size. In: Ebenman B, Persson L, editors. Size-structured populations. Berlin: Springer. 13-28.
9. Forsman A, (1993) Growth rate in different colour morphs of the adder, Vipera berus, in relation to yearly weather variation. Oikos 66: 279-285.
10. Trivers RL, (1976) Sexual selection and resource-accruing abilities in Anolis garmani. Evolution 30: 253-269.
11. Ferguson GW, Fox SF, (1984) Annual variation of survival advantage of large juvenile side-blotched lizards, Uta stansburiana: its causes and evolutionary significance. Evolution 38: 342-349.
12. Civantos E, Salvador A, Veiga JP, (1999) Body size and microhabitat affect winter survival of hatchling Psamodromus algirus lizards. Copeia 1999: 1112-1117.
13. Sinervo B, Doughty P, Huey RB, Zamudio K, (1992) Allometric engineering: a causal analysis of natural selection on offspring size. Science 258: 1927-1930.
14. Taylor EN, DeNardo DF, (2005) Sexual size dimorphism and growth plasticity: an experiment on the western diamond-backed rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox). J Exp Zool 303A: 598-607.
15. Cox RM, (2006) A test of the reproductive cost hypothesis for sexual size dimorphism in Yarrow's Spiny Lizard, Sceloporus jarovii. J Anim Ecol 75: 1361-1369.
16. Wootton RJ, (1979) Energy cost of egg production and environmental determinants of fecundity in teleost fishes. Symp Zool Soc Lond 44: 133-159.
17. Andersson M (1994) Sexual selection. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
18. Blanckenhorn WU, (2000) The evolution of body size: what keeps organisms small? Q Rev Biol 75: 385-407.
19. Shine R, (1989) Ecological causes for the evolution of sexual dimorphism: a review of the evidence. Q Rev Biol 64: 419-461.
20. Keller LF, Waller DM, (2002) Inbreeding effects in wild populations. Trends Ecol Evol 17: 230-241.
21. Iraeta P, Monasterio C, Salvador A, Diaz JA, (2006) Mediterranean hatchling lizards grow faster at higher altitude: a reciprocal transplant experiment. Funct Ecol 20: 865-872.
22. Gibbons JW, (1967) Variation in growth rates in three populations of the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta. Herpetologica 23: 296-303.
23. Dunham AE, (1978) Food availability as a proximate factor influencing individual growth rates in the Iguanid lizard Sceloporus Merriami. Ecology 59: 770-778.
24. Andrews RM (1982) Patterns of growth in reptiles. In: Gans C, Tough H, editors. Biology of the reptilia. New York: Academic. 273-319.
25. Congdon JD, (1989) Proximate and evolutionary constraints on energy relations of reptiles. Physiol Zool 62: 356-373.
26. Massot M, Clobert J, Pilorge T, Lecomte J, Barbault R, (1992) Density dependence in the common lizard: demographic consequences of a density manipulation. Ecology 73: 1742-1756.
27. Bjorndal KA, Bolten AB, Chaloupka MY, (2000) Green turtle somatic growth model: evidence for density dependence. Ecol Appl 10: 269-282.
28. Frankham R, (1998) Inbreeding and extinction: island populations. Conserv Biol 12: 665-675.
29. Lester NP, Shuter BJ, Abrams PA, (2004) Interpreting the von Bertalanffy model of somatic growth in fishes: the cost of reproduction. Proc Biol Sci 271: 1625-1631.
30. Chaloupka MY, Balazs GH, (2005) Modelling the effect of fibropapilloma disease on the somatic growth dynamics of Hawaiian green sea turtles. Mar Biol 147: 1251-1260.
31. Krueger BH, Chaloupka MY, Leighton PA, Dunn JA, Horrocks JA, (2011) Somatic growth rates for a hawksbill turtle population in coral reef habitat around Barbados. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 432: 269-276.
32. English S, Bateman AW, Clutton-Brock TH (In press) Lifetime growth in wild meerkats: incorporating life history and environmental factors into a standard growth model. Oecologia.
33. Burnham KP, Anderson DR, editors (2003) Model selection and multimodel inference: a practical information-theoretic approach. 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag.
34. Johnston G, (2011) Growth and survivorship as proximate causes of sexual size dimorphism in peninsula dragon lizards Ctenophorus fionni. Austral Ecol 36: 117-125.
35. Jessop TS, Madsen T, Sumner J, Rudiharto H, Phillips JA, et al. (2006) Maximum body size among insular Komodo dragon populations co-varies with large prey density. Oikos 112: 422-429.
36. Jessop TS, Madsen T, Ciofi C, Imansyah MJ, Purwandana D, et al. (2007) Island differences in population size structure and catch per unit effort and their conservation implications for Komodo dragons. Biol Conserv 135: 247-255.
37. Ciofi C, Bruford MW, (1999) Genetic structure and gene flow among Komodo dragon populations inferred by microsatellite loci analysis. Mol Ecol 8: S17-S30.
38. Ciofi C, de Boer ME, (2004) Distribution and conservation of the Komodo monitor (Varanus komodoensis). Herpetol J 14: 99-107.
39. Halverson J, Spelman L (2002) Sex determination and its role in management in Komodo dragons: biology management: Smithsonian Institution Press.
40. Wikelski M, Thom C, (2000) Marine iguanas shrink to survive El Nino: changes in bone metabolism enable these adult lizards to reversibly alter their length. Nature 403: 37.
41. Limpus C, Chaloupka MY, (1997) Nonparametric regression modelling of green sea turtle growth rates (southern Great Barrier Reef). Mar Ecol Prog Ser 149: 23-34.
42. Wood SN (2006) Generalized additve models: an introduction with R. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC Press.
43. (R Development Core Team, 2011) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. The R Project for Statistical Computing website. Available: http://www.R-project.org. Accessed 2011 March 17.
44. White GC, Burnham KP, (1999) Program MARK: survival estimation from populations of marked animals. Bird Study 46: 120-138.
45. Krebs CJ, editor (1998) Ecological Methodology. 2nd ed. New York: Harper & Row Publishers.
46. Ariefiandy A, Purwandana D, Coulson G, Forsyth DM, Jessop TS (2011) Monitoring the primary prey of the Komodo dragon: distance sampling or faecal counts? Wildl Biol: in press.
47. Ciofi C (2002) Conservation genetics. In: Murphy JB, Ciofi C, de La Panouse C, Walsh T, editors. Komodo dragons: biology and conservation: Smithsonian Institution Press. 129-164.
48. Ciofi C, Bruford MW, (1998) Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the Komodo dragon Varanus komodoensis. Mol Ecol 7: 134-136.
49. Belkhir K, Borsa P, Chikhi L, Raufaste N, Bonhomme F (2000) GENETIX 4.01, Logiciel sous Windows pour la genetique des populations. Montpellier, France: Laboratoire Genome et Populations, CNRS UPR 9060, Universite de Montpellier II.
50. Ware DM, (1980) Bioenergetics of stock and recruitment. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 37: 1012-1024.
51. Roff DA, (1983) An allocation model of growth and reprodution in fish. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 40: 1395-1404.
52. Heino M, Kaitala V, (1999) Evolution of resource allocation between growth and reproduction in animals with indeterminate growth. J Evol Biol 12: 423-429.
53. Taylor EN, DeNardo DF (2008) Proximate determinants of sexual size dimorphism in the western diamond-backed rattlesnakes (Crotalus atrox). In: Hayes WK, Beaman KR, Cardwell MD, Bush SP, editors. The Biology of Rattlesnakes. Loma Linda, CA, USA: Loma Linda Press. 91-100.
54. Wikelski M, Trillmich F, (1997) Body size and sexual size dimorphism in marine iguanas fluctuate as a result of opposing natural and sexual selection: an island comparison. Evolution 51: 922-936.
55. Cox RM, Calsbeek R, (2010) Sex-specific selection and intraspecific variation in sexual size dimorphism. Evolution 64: 798-809.
56. Shine R, (1980) "Costs" of reproduction in reptiles. Oecologia 46: 92-100.
57. Caswell H (2001) Matrix Population Models. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer.
58. Le Galliard J-F, Fitze P, Ferrière R, Clobert J, (2005) Sex ratio bias, male aggression, and population collapse in lizards. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102: 18231-18236.
59. Sebens KP, (1987) The ecology of indeterminate growth in animals. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 18: 371-407.
60. Spencer R-J, Janzen FJ, Thompson MB, (2006) Counterintuitive density-dependent growth in a long-lived vertebrate after removal of nest predators. Ecology 87: 3109-3118.
61. Schoener TW, (1973) Population growth regulated by intraspecific competition for energy or time: some simple representations. Theor Popul Biol 4: 56-84.
62. Schoener TW (1997) Competition and the niche. In: Gans C, Tinkle DW, editors. Biology of the Reptilia. London: Academic Press. 35-136.
63. Charnov EL, (1974) Optimal foraging, the marginal value theorem. Theor Popul Biol 9: 129-136.
64. Milinski M, (1982) Optimal foraging: the influence of intraspecific competition on diet selection. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 11: 109-115.
65. Schoener TW, Schoener A, (1978) Estimating and interpreting body-size growth in some Anolis lizards. Copeia 1978: 390-405.
66. Booth DJ, (1995) Juvenile groups in a coral-reef damselfish: density-dependent effects on individual fitness and population demography. Ecology 76: 91-106.
67. Courchamp F, Clutton-Brock T, Grenfell B (1999) Inverse density dependence and the Allee effect. Trends Ecol Evol 14.
68. Forsman A, (1991) Variation in sexual size dimorphism and maximum body size among adder populations: effects of prey size. J Anim Ecol 60: 253-267.
69. Chaloupka MY, Limpus CJ, (1997) Robust statistical modelling of hawksbill sea turtle growth rates (southern Great Barrier Reef). Mar Ecol Prog Ser 146: 1-8.
70. Balazs GH, Chaloupka MY, (2004) Spatial and temporal variability in somatic growth of green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) resident in the Hawaiian Archipelago. Mar Biol 145: 1043-1059.
71. Wainright SC, Fuller CM, Michener RH, Richards RA, (1996) Spatial variation of trophic position and growth rate of juvenile striped bass (Morone saxatilis) in the Delaware River. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 53: 685-692.
72. Sorci G, Clobert J, Belichon S, (1996) Phenotypic plasticity of growth and survival in the common lizard Lacerta vivipara. J Anim Ecol 65: 781-790.
73. McCarty JP, (2001) Variation in growth of nestling tree swallows across multiple temporal and spatial scales. Auk 118: 176-190.