Effects of stereoscopic viewing on presence, anxiety, and cybersickness in a virtual reality environment for public speaking

Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments

Volumn 21, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 254-267

  Ling, Yun ^a   Brinkman, Willem Paul ^a   Nefs, Harold T ^a   Qu, Chao ^a   Heynderickx, Ingrid ^a  

^a DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HELMET MOUNTED DISPLAYS; THREE DIMENSIONAL COMPUTER GRAPHICS; VIRTUAL REALITY;

HEAD MOUNTED DISPLAYS; PRACTICAL IMPORTANCE; PUBLIC SPEAKING; STATISTICAL EFFECTS; STEREOSCOPIC RENDERINGS; STEREOSCOPIC VIEWING; VIRTUAL REALITY EXPOSURE THERAPIES; VIRTUAL-REALITY ENVIRONMENT;

STEREO IMAGE PROCESSING;

EID: 84866532607     PISSN: 10547460     EISSN: 15313263     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/PRES_a_00111     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
2. Anderson, P. L., Rothbaum, B. O., & Hodges, L. (2001). Virtual reality: Using the virtual world to improve quality of life in the real world. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 65(1), 78-91.
3. Anderson, P. L., Zimand, E., Hodges, L. E., & Rothbaum, B. O. (2005). Cognitive behavioral therapy for publicspeaking anxiety using virtual reality for exposure. Depression and Anxiety, 22(3), 156-158.
4. Barfield, W., Hendrix, C., & Bystrom, K. E. (1999). Effects of stereopsis and head tracking on performance using desktop virtual environment displays. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 8(2), 237-240.
5. Busscher, B., de Vliegher, D., Ling, Y., & Brinkman, W.-P. (2011). Physiological measures and self-report to evaluate neutral virtual reality worlds. Journal of CyberTherapy and Rehabilitation, 4(1), 15-25.
6. Cho, D., Park, J., Kim, G. J., Hong, S., Han, S. H., & Lee, S. (2003). The dichotomy of presence elements: The where and what. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality 2003, 273-274.
7. Choi, Y. H., Vincelli, F., Riva, G., Wiedorhold, B. K., Lee, J. H., & Park, K. H. (2005). Effects of group experiential cognitive therapy for the treatment of panic disorder with agoraphobia. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 8(4), 387-393.
8. Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155-159.
9. de Graaf, R., Ten Have, M., van Gool, C., & van Dorsselaer, S. (2011). Prevalence of mental disorders and trends from 1996 to 2009. Results from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 47(2), 203-213.
10. Emmelkamp, P. M. G., Bruynzeel, M., Drost, L., & Van der Mast, C. A. P. G. (2001). Virtual reality treatment in acrophobia: A comparison with exposure in vivo. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 4(3), 335-339.
11. Evans, B. J. W. (2007). Pickwell's binocular vision anomalies: Investigation and treatment (5th ed.). London: Butterworth-Heinemann.
12. Freeman, J., Avons, S. E., Meddis, R., Pearson, D. E., & IJsselsteijn, W. I. (2000). Using behavioral realism to estimate presence: A study of the utility of postural responses to motion stimuli. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 9(2), 149-164.
13. Gamito, P., Oliveira, J., Morais, D., Baptista, A., Santos, N., Soares, F. et al. (2010). Training presence: The importance of virtual reality experience on the "sense of being there." Annual Review of Cybertherapy and Telemedicine 2010, 128-133.
14. Garner, M., Clarke, G., Graystone, H., & Baldwin, D. S. (2011). Defensive startle response to emotional social cues in social anxiety. Psychiatry Research, 186(1), 150-152.
15. Gregg, L., & Tarrier, N. (2007). Virtual reality in mental health: A review of the literature. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 42(5), 343-354.
16. Hall, E. T. (1966). The hidden dimension. New York: Anchor Books.
17. Harris, S. R., Kemmerling, R. L., & North, M. M. (2002). Brief virtual reality therapy for public speaking anxiety. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 5(6), 543-550.
18. Heimberg, R. G., Dodge, C. S., Hope, D. A., Kennedy, C. R., Zollo, L. J., & Becker, R. E. (1990). Cognitive behavioral group treatment for social phobia-Comparison with a credible placebo control. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14(1), 1-23.
19. Heimberg, R. G., Liebowitz, M. R., Hope, D. A., Schneier, F. R., Holt, C. S., Welkowitz, L. A. et al. (1998). Cognitive behavioral group therapy vs. phenelzine therapy for social phobia-12-week outcome. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55(12), 1133-1141.
20. Heimberg, R. G., Salzman, D. G., Holt, C. S., & Blendell, K. A. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral group treatment for social phobia-Effectiveness at 5-year follow-up. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 17(4), 325-339.
21. Hendrix, C., & Barfield, W. (1995). Presence in virtual environments as a function of visual and auditory cues. Proceedings of the Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium '95, 74-82.
22. Herbelin, B. (2005). Virtual reality exposure therapy for social phobia. Ph.D. Thesis. Institut des systèmes informatiques et multimédias, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne.
23. Hoffman, H. G., Prothero, J., Wells, M. J., & Groen, J. (1998). Virtual chess: Meaning enhances users' sense of presence in virtual environments. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 10(3), 251-263.
24. Howard, I. P., & Rogers, B. J. (2002). Seeing in depth, Vol. 2: Depth perception. Toronto: I. Porteous.
25. IJsselsteijn, W. A. (2004). Presence in depth. Eindhoven, The Netherlands: Eindhoven University of Technology.
26. IJsselsteijn, W. A., de Ridder, H., Freeman, J., & Avons, S. E. (2000). Presence: Concept, determinants and measurement. Human Vision and Electronic Imaging V, 3959, 520-529.
27. IJsselsteijn, W. A., de Ridder, H., Freeman, J., & Avons, S. E. (2001). Effects of stereoscopic presentation, image motion, and screen size on subjective and objective corroborative measures of presence. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 10(3), 298-311.
28. Juan, M. C., & Perez, D. (2009). Comparison of the levels of presence and anxiety in an acrophobic environment viewed via HMD or CAVE. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 18(3), 232-248.
29. Kennedy, R. S., Lane, N. E., Berbaum, K. S., & Lilienthal, M. G. (1993). Simulator sickness questionnaire: An enhanced method for quantifying simulator sickness. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 3, 203-220.
30. Kessler, R. C., McGonagle, K. A., Zhao, S. Y., Nelson, C. B., Hughes, M., Eshleman, S. et al. (1994). Lifetime and12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States-Results from the national comorbidity survey. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51(1), 8-19.
31. Kessler, R. C., Stein, M. B., & Berglund, P. (1998). Social phobia subtypes in the national comorbidity survey. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155(5), 613-619.
32. Kim, Y. Y., Kim, H. J., Kim, E. N., Ko, H. D., & Kim, H. T. (2005). Characteristic changes in the physiological components of cybersickness. Psychophysiology, 42(5), 616-625.
33. Klinger, E., Legeron, P., Roy, S., Chemin, I., Lauer, F., & Nugues, P. (2004). Virtual reality exposure in the treatment of social phobia. Studies in Health Technology Information, 99, 91-119.
34. Krijn, M., Emmelkamp, P. M. G., Biemond, R., de Ligny, C. D., Schuemie, M. J., & van der Mast, C. A. P. G. (2004). Treatment of acrophobia in virtual reality: The role of immersion and presence. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42(2), 229-239.
35. Krijn, M., Emmelkamp, P. M. G., Olafsson, R. P., & Biemond, R. (2004). Virtual reality exposure therapy of anxiety disorders: A review. Clinical Psychology Review, 24(3), 259-281.
36. Lambooij, M., Fortuin, M., IJsselsteijn, W., Evans, B., & Heynderickx, I. (2010). Measuring visual fatigue and visual discomfort associated with 3-D displays. Journal of the Society for Information Display, 18(11), 931-943.
37. Lister, H. A., Piercey, C. D., & Joordens, C. (2010). The effectiveness of 3-D video virtual reality for the treatment of fear of public speaking. Journal of CyberTherapy & Rehabilitation, 3(4), 375-382.
38. Lombard, M., & Ditton, T. (1997). At the heart of it all: The concept of presence. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 3(2).
39. Miyahira, S. D., Folen, R. A., Stetz, M., Rizzo, A., & Kawasaki, M. M. (2010). Use of immersive virtual reality for treating anger. Proceedings of the Annual Review of Cybertherapy and Telemedicine 2010, 82-86.
40. Morris, L. D., Louw, Q. A., & Crous, L. C. (2010). Feasibility and potential effect of a low-cost virtual reality system on reducing pain and anxiety in adult burn injury patients during physiotherapy in a developing country. Burns, 36(5), 659-664.
41. Parsons, T. D., & Rizzo, A. A. (2008). Affective outcomes of virtual reality exposure therapy for anxiety and specific phobias: A meta-analysis. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 39(3), 250-261.
42. Paul, G. L. (Ed.). (1966). Insight vs. densensitization in psychotherapy. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
43. Powers, M. B., & Emmelkamp, P. M. (2008). Virtual reality exposure therapy for anxiety disorders: A meta-analysis. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(3), 561-569.
44. Price, M., & Anderson, P. (2007). The role of presence in virtual reality exposure therapy. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 21(5), 742-751.
45. Riley, J. M. (2001). The utility of measures of attention and situation awareness for quantifying telepresence. Ph.D. Dissertation, Mississippi State University.
46. Rothbaum, B. O., Anderson, P., Zimand, E., Hodges, L., Lang, D., & Wilson, J. (2006). Virtual reality exposure therapy and standard (in vivo) exposure therapy in the treatment of fear of flying. Behavior Therapy, 37(1), 80-90.
47. Schooten, B. W. v., Dijk, E. M. A. G. v., & Zudilova-Seinstra, E. (2010). The effect of stereoscopy and motion cues on 3D interpretation task performance. Proceedings of AVI '10, 167-170.
48. Schubert, T., Friedmann, F., & Regenbrecht, H. (2001). The experience of presence: Factor analytic insights. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 10(3), 266-281.
49. Schuemie, M. (2003). Human-computer interaction and presence in virtual reality exposure therapy. Delft, The Netherlands: Delft University of Technology.
50. Schuemie, M. J., Bruynzeel, M., Drost, L., Brinckman, M., de Haan, G., Emmelkamp, P. M. G., & van der Mast, C. A. P. G. (2000). Treatment of acrophobia in virtual reality: A pilot study. In F. Broeckx and L. Pauwels (Eds.), Proceedings of the Euromedia 2000 Conference, 271-275.
51. Seay, A. F., Krum, D. M., Hodges, L., & Ribarsky, W. (2001). Simulator sickness and presence in a high FOV virtual environment. Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality 2001 Conference, 299-300.
52. Sharples, S., Cobb, S., Moody, A., & Wilson, J. R. (2008). Virtual reality induced symptoms and effects (VRISE): Comparison of head mounted display (HMD), desktop and projection display systems. Displays, 29(2), 58-69.
53. Slater, M. (2009). Place illusion and plausibility can lead to realistic behaviour in immersive virtual environments. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, Biological Sciences, 364(1535), 3549-3557.
54. Slater, M., Pertaub, D. P., Barker, C., & Clark, D. M. (2006). An experimental study on fear of public speaking using a virtual environment. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 9(5), 627- 633.
55. Slater, M., Pertaub, D. P., & Steed, A. (1999). Public speaking in virtual reality: Facing an audience of avatars. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 19(2), 6-9.
56. Slater, M., Steed, A., & Usoh, M. (1993). The virtual treadmill: A naturalistic metaphor for navigation in immersive virtual environments. Paper presented at the First Eurographics Workshop on Virtual Reality.
57. Slater, M., Usoh, M., & Steed, A. (1994). Depth of presence in virtual environments. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 3(2), 130-144.
58. Steinicke, F., Bruder, G., Hinrichs, K., & Steed, A. (2010). Gradual transitions and their effects on presence and distance estimation. Computers & Graphics-UK, 34(1), 26-33.
59. Stevens, J. (1996). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
60. Strickland, D., Hodges, L., North, M., & Weghorst, S. (1997). Overcoming phobias by virtual exposure. Communications of the ACM, 40(8), 34-39.
61. Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2006). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
62. Tam, W. J., Renaud, R., Vincent, A., Martin, T., & Blanchfield, P. (2003). Stereoscopic video telephony: Naturalness and sense of presence. In B. Javidi and F. Okano (Eds.), Three-Dimensional TV, Video, and Display, II, Proceedings of the SPIE, Vol. 5243 (pp. 19-29). doi: 10.1117/12.510787
63. Wiederhold, B. K., Jang, D. P., Kaneda, M., Cabral, I., Lurie, Y., May, T. et al. (Eds.). (2001). An investigation into physiological responses in virtual environments: An objective measurement of presence. Amsterdam: IOS Press.
64. Wiederhold, B. K., & Wiederhold, M. D. (1999). Clinical observations during virtual reality therapy for specific phobias. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 2(2), 161-168.
65. Wiederhold, B. K., & Wiederhold, M. D. (2005). Virtual reality therapy for anxiety disorders: Advances in evaluation and treatment. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
66. Witmer, B. G., Jerome, C. J., & Singer, M. J. (2005). The factor structure of the presence questionnaire. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 14(3), 298-312.
67. Witmer, B. G., & Singer, M. J. (1998). Measuring presence in virtual environments: A presence questionnaire. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 7(3), 225-240.
68. Yabuki, N., Miyashita, K., & Fukuda, T. (2011). An invisible height evaluation system for building height regulation to preserve good landscapes using augmented reality. Automation in Construction, 20(3), 228-235.