The paradox at the base of the pyramid: Environmental sustainability and market-based poverty alleviation

International Journal of Technology Management

Volumn 60, Issue 1-2, 2012, Pages 44-59

  Arnold, Denis G ^a   Williams, Laura H D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHARLOTTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Base of the pyramid; BoP; Ecological sustainability; Environmental sustainability; International business; Management ethics; Poverty; Social responsibility; Social sustainability

Indexed keywords

CONTRACTS; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT;

BASE OF THE PYRAMIDS; ECOLOGICAL SUSTAINABILITY; ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY; INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS; MANAGEMENT ETHICS; POVERTY; SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES; SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY;

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT;

EID: 84866522848     PISSN: 02675730     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1504/IJTM.2012.049105     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Andrews, K.R. (1971) The Concept of Corporate Strategy, 2nd ed. 1980; 3rd ed. 1987, Irwin, Homewood, IL.
2. Arnold, D.G. (2010) 'Transnational corporations and the duty to respect basic human rights', Business Ethics Quarterly, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp.371-399.
3. Arnold, D.G. (2011) 'Introduction: Climate change and ethics', The Ethics of Global Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
4. Arnold, D.G. and Valentin, A. (in press) 'CSR at the base of the pyramid: Exploitation, empowerment, and poverty alleviation', Journal of Business Research.
5. Banjeree, S.B. (2003) 'Who sustains whose development? Sustainable development and the reinvention of nature', Organization Studies, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp.143-180.
6. Banjeree, S.B. (2008) 'Corporate social responsibility: The good, the bad, and the ugly', Critical Sociology, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp.51-79.
7. BoP Protocol (2011) 'Base of the pyramid protocol', available at http://www.bop-protocol.org/(accessed on 12/6/2011).
8. CEMEX (2011) CEMEX Website: Sustainable Development: Low Income Housing, available at http://www.cemex.com/SustainableDevelopment/LowIncomeHousing.aspx (accessed on 26/6/2011).
9. Chivian, E. and Bernstein, A. (2008) 'How is biodiversity threatened by human activity?', in Chivian, E. and Bernstein, A. (Eds.): Sustaining Life: How Human Health Depends on Biodiversity, pp.29-73, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
10. Cragg, W. (2012) 'Ethics, enlightened self interest and the corporate responsibility to respect human rights: A critical look at the justificatory foundations of the proposed UN human rights framework', Business Ethics Quarterly, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp.9-36.
11. Cragg, W., Arnold, D. and Muchlinski, P. (2012) 'Human rights and business', Business Ethics Quarterly, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp.1-7.
12. Cross, J. and Street, A. (2009) 'Anthropology at the bottom of the pyramid', Anthropology Today, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp.4-9.
13. Daly, H. and Farley, J. (2004) Ecological Economics: Principles And Applications, Island Press.
14. Doh, J., Husted, B.W., Matten, D. and Santoro, M. (2010) 'Ahoy there!: Toward greater congruence and synergy between international business and business ethics theory and research', Business Ethics Quarterly, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp.481-502.
15. Donaldson, T. (1991) The Ethics of International Business, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
16. Dyllick, T. and Hockert, K. (2002) 'Beyond the business case for corporate sustainability', Business Strategy and the Environment, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp.130-141. (Pubitemid 34268282)
17. Elms, H., Brammer, S., Harris, J. D. and Phillips, R.A. (2010) 'New directions in strategic management and business ethics', Business Ethics Quarterly, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp.401-425.
18. Gardetti, M.A. and D'Andrea, G. (2010) 'Masisa Argentina and the evolution of its strategy at the base of the pyramid: An alternative to the BoP protocol process?', Greener Management International, No. 56, pp.75-91.
19. Goodland, R. (1995) 'The concept of environmental sustainability', Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, Vol. 26, pp.1-24. (Pubitemid 3018695)
20. Hammond, A., Kramer, W., Katz, R., Tran, J. and Walker, C. (2007) The Next Four Billion: Market Size and Business Strategy at the Base of the Pyramid, World Resources Institute and International Finance Corporation, Washington, DC, available at http://www.wri.org/publication/the-next-4-billion (accessed on 24/6/2011).
21. Hart, S.L. (2010) Capitalism at the Crossroads: Next Generation Business Strategies for a Post-Crisis World, 3rd ed., Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
22. Hart, S.L. (2011) 'Taking the green leap to the base of the pyramid', in London, T. and Hart, S.L. (Eds.): Next Generation Business Strategies for the Base of the Pyramid: New Approaches for Building Mutual Value, pp.79-102, Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.
23. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2007) 'Summary for policymakers', in M.L. Parry, O.F. Canziani, J.P. Palutikof, P.J. van der Linden and C.E. Hanson (Eds.): Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
24. International Energy Agency (2007) Renewables in Global Energy Supply: An IEA Fact Sheet, OECD/IEA, available at http://www.iea.org/papers/2006/ renewable-factsheet.pdf (accessed on 11/7/2011).
25. ITC e-Choupal (2011) ITC Website: E-Choupal: Let's Put India First, available at http://www.itcportal.com/sustainability/lets-put-india-first/ echoupal.aspx (accessed on 26/6/2011).
26. IUCN (2011) About the IUCN Red List, 24 May 2011, available at http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/species/red-list/about-The-red-list/ (accessed on 9/7/2011).
27. Karamchandani, A., Kubzansky, M., and Lalwani, N. (2011) 'Is the bottom of the pyramid really for you?', Harvard Business Review, Vol. 89, No. 3, pp.107-111.
28. Karnani, A. (2007) 'The mirage of marketing to the bottom of the pyramid: How the private sector can help alleviate poverty', California Management Review, Vol. 49, No. 4, pp.90-111.
29. Kubzansky, M., Cooper, A. and Barbary, V. (2011) Promise and Progress: Market-based Solutions to Poverty in Africa, Monitor Group, available at http://www.monitor.com/Portals/0/MonitorContent/imported/MonitorUnitedStates/ Articles/PDFs/Monitor-Promise-and-Progress-May-24-2011.pdf (accessed on 24/6/2011).
30. Landrum, N.E. (2007) 'Advancing the base of the pyramid debate', Strategic Management Review, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp.1-12.
31. London, T. (2011) 'Building better ventures with the base of the pyramid: A roadmap', in London, T. and Hart, S.L. (Eds.): Next Generation Business Strategies for the Base of the Pyramid: New Approaches for Building Mutual Value, pp.19-44, Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.
32. London, T. and Hart, S.L. (2004) 'Reinventing strategies for emerging markets: Beyond the transnational model', Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp.350-370. (Pubitemid 39447414)
33. London, T. and Hart, S.L. (2011) Next Generation Business Strategies for the Base of the Pyramid: New Approaches for Building Mutual Value, Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.
34. Matten, D. and Crane, A. (2005) 'Corporate citizenship: Toward an extended theoretical conceptualization', Academy of Management Review, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp.169-179.
35. Meadows, D.H, Randers, J. and Meadows, D. (2004) Limits to Growth: The 30-Year Update, Chelsea Green, White River Junction, VT.
36. Melillo, J. and Sala, O. (2008) 'Ecosystem services', in Chivian, E. and Bernstein, A. (Eds.): Sustaining Life: How Human Health Depends on Biodiversity, pp.75-115, Oxford University Press.
37. Muchlinski, P. (2012) 'Implementing the new UN corporate human rights framework: Implications for corporate law, governance, and regulation', Business Ethics Quarterly, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp.145-77.
38. Orlitzky, M. (2011) 'Institutional logics in the study of organizations: The social construction of the relationship between corporate social and financial performance', Business Ethics Quarterly, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp.409-444.
39. Pimm, S.L., Alves, M.A.S., Chivian, E. and Bernstein, A. (2008) 'What is biodiversity', in Chivian, E. and Bernstein, A. (Eds.): Sustaining Life: How Human Health Depends on Biodiversity, pp.3-27, Oxford University Press.
40. Prahalad, C.K. (2004) The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid: Eradicating Poverty Through Profits, Wharton School Publishing, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
41. Prahalad, C.K. and Hart, S.L. (2002) 'The fortune at the bottom of the pyramid', Strategy + Business, No. 26, pp.1-15.
42. Rangan, V.K., Chu, M. and Petkoski, D. (2011) 'Segmenting the base of the pyramid', Harvard Business Review, Vol. 89, No. 6, pp.113-117.
43. Scherer, A.G., Palazzo, G. and Baumann, D. (2006) 'Global rules and private actors: Toward a new role of the transnational corporation in global governance', Business Ethics Quarterly, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp.505-532.
44. Shue, H. (1996) Basic Rights: Subsistence, Affluence, and U.S. Foreign Policy, revised edition, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
45. Simanis, E. and Hart, S. (2008) Base of the Pyramid Protocol, 2nd ed., available at http://www.bop-protocol.org/docs/(accessed on 6/2011).
46. Tietenberg, T. and Lewis, L. (2008) Environmental & Natural Resource Economics, 8th ed., Pearson, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
47. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (2010) Human Development Report: The Real Wealth of Nations: Pathways to Human Development, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), New York.
48. United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General on the Issue of Human Rights and Transnational Corporations and Other Business Enterprises (2008) Protect, Respect and Remedy: A Framework for Business and Human Rights, United Nations Doc., A/HRC/8/5 7 April.
49. Vogel, D. (2006) The Market for Virtue: The Potential and Limits of Corporate Social Responsibility, Brookings Institute Press, Washington, DC.
50. Wackernagel, M., Schulz, N.B., Deumling, D., Linares, A.C., Jenkins, M., Kapos, V., et al. (2002) 'Tracking the ecological overshoot of the human economy', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 99, No. 14, pp.9266-9271. (Pubitemid 34764602)
51. Widmer R., Oswald-Krapf H., Sinha-Khetriwal D., Schnellmann M. and Boni H. (2005) 'Global Perspectives on E-waste,' Environmental Impact Assessment Review, Vol. 25, No. 5, pp.436-458. (Pubitemid 40817044)
52. World Bank (2011) 'The World Bank world development indicators', available at http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development- indicators/(accessed on 12/6/2011).
53. World Commission on Environment and Development (1987) Our Common Future, Oxford University Press, New York.
54. World Wildlife Fund (WWF) (2010) Living Planet Report 2010: Biodiversity, Biocapacity and Development, available at http://www.footprintnetwork.org/ press/LPR2010.pdf (accessed on 14/6/2011).
55. Worrell, E., Price, L., Martin, N., Hendriks, C. and Ozawa Meida, L. (2001) 'Carbon dioxide emissions from the global cement industry', Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, Vol. 26, pp.303-329. (Pubitemid 34103862)