Prized edible Asian mushrooms: Ecology, conservation and sustainability

Fungal Diversity

Volumn 56, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 31-47

  Mortimer, Peter E ^a,b   Karunarathna, Samantha C ^c,d   Li, Qiaohong ^a,b   Gui, Heng ^b,c   Yang, Xueqing ^a,b   Yang, Xuefei ^a   He, Jun ^a,b   Ye, Lei ^b,c   Guo, Jiayu ^a   Li, Huili ^c   Sysouphanthong, Phongeun ^c,d   Zhou, Dequn ^e   Xu, Jianchu ^b   Hyde, Kevin D ^c,d  

^a KUNMING INSTITUTE OF BOTANY   (China)

^b WORLD AGROFORESTRY CENTRE ICRAF   (Kenya)

^c MAE FAH LUANG UNIVERSITY   (Thailand)

^d Mushroom Research Foundation   (Thailand)

^e KUNMING UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (China)

Author keywords

Greater Mekong Sub region; Medicinal foods; Mushroom species; Non timber forest products

Indexed keywords

ASTRAEUS HYGROMETRICUS; BASIDIOMYCOTA; BOLETUS EDULIS; FUNGI; MORCHELLA; MORCHELLA CONICA; PHAEOGYROPORUS PORTENTOSUS; PLEUROTUS; TERMITOMYCES; TERMITOMYCES EURHIZUS; THELEPHORA GANBAJUN; TRICHOLOMA; TUBER (TRUFFLE); TUBER INDICUM;

EID: 84866110770     PISSN: 15602745     EISSN: 18789129     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s13225-012-0196-3     Document Type: Article

References (165)

1. Amaranthus M, Pilz D (1996) Productivity and sustainable harvest of wild mushrooms. In: Pilz, D., Molina, R. (Eds.), Managing Forest Ecosystems to Conserve Fungus Diversity and Sustain Wild Mushroom Harvests. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PNW-371:42-61
2. Amaranthus MP, Pilz D, Moore A, Abbott R, Luoma D (1996) American Matsutake (Tricholoma magnivelare) across spatial and tempora scales. In: Paper presented at the Forest Soils Biology and Forest Management Symposia, Sacramento, CA
3. Amaranthus MP, Weigand JF, Abbott R (1998) Managing high-elevation forests to produce American matsutake (Tricholoma magnivelare), high-quality timber, and nontimber forest products. West J Appl For 13(4):120-128
4. Arnolds E (1995) Conservation and management of natural populations of edible fungi. Can J Bot 73:987-998
5. Bandala VM, Montoya L, Jarvio D (2004) Two interesting records of Boletes found in coffee plantations in Eastern Mexico. Persoonia 18:365-380
6. Batra LR (1979) Insect-fungus Symbiosis, Nutrition. Mutualism and Commensalism, John Wiley
7. Berkeley MJ (1847) Decades of fungi. Dec. XV-XIX. Ceylon fungi. Lond J Bot 6:479-514
8. Binder M, Hibbett DS (2006) Molecular systematics and biological diversification of Boletales. Mycologia 98:971-81
9. Boa E (2007) Wild edible fungia global overview of their use and importance to people. Daya Publishing House, Delhi
10. Bonito G, Trappe J, Donovan S, Vilgalys R (2011) The Asian black truffle Tuber indicum can form ectomycorrhizas with North American host plants and complete its life cycle in non-native soils. Fungal Ecol 4:83-93
11. Boonyanuphap J, Hansawasdi C (2011) Spatial distribution of Beta glucan containing wild mushroom communities in subtropical dry forest, Thailand. Fungal Divers 46:29-42
12. Butkrachang S, Boonchieng E, Sardsud U, Sukchotiratana M, Plikomol A, Chairote G, Narongchai P (2007) Wild mushroom database of Chiang Mai community forest. Asian J Biol 3:65-70
13. Cannon PF, Hywel-Jones NL, Maczey N, Norbu L, Tshitila ST, Lhendup P (2009) Steps towards sustainable harvest of Ophiocordyceps sinensis in Bhutan. Biodivers Conserv 18:2263-2281
14. Carlile MJ, Watkinson SC (1994) The Fungi. Academic, London
15. Chandra A, Purkayastha R (1977) Physiological studies on Indian edible mushrooms. Trans Br Mycol Soc 69(1):63-70
16. Chandrasrikul A (2011) Checklist of Mushrooms (Basidiomycetes) in Thailand, Open Biodiversity series, Vol. 30
17. Chang ST, Buswell JA (1996) Mushroom nutriceuticals. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 12(5):473-476
18. Chang S, Miles PG (2004) Mushrooms Cultivation, Nutritional Value, Medicinal Effect, and Environmental Impact. ISBN: 978-0-8493-1043-0:27-37 doi: 10.1201/9780203492086.ch2
19. Chen CJ, Hu WH (2002) SX330 and culture techniques of Clitocybe maxima. Edible Fungi 24(2):15
20. Chen SJ, Yin DH, Li L, Zha X, Shuen JH and Zhama C (2000) Resources and distribution of Cordyceps sinensis in Naqu Tibet. Zhong Yaocai 2311:673-675 (Chinese, English abstract)
21. Chen J, Deng X, Liu P (2009) Research status and significant progress on the genus Tuber. Microbiol 36:1013-1018
22. Chen G, Zhou D, Yang Y, Yang X (2011) Fruiting pattern of Tricholoma matsutake and its relationship with meteorological factors in Yunnan, China. Plant Divers Resour 33(5):547-555
23. Cheng YH, Zhao Q, Yang ZL, Zhou DQ, Xu ZZ (2009) Brief of Morchella spp. planting by Populus bonatii material. Chinese Agr Sci Bull 25(21):170-172
24. Chevalier G, Grente J (1979) Application pratique de la symbiose Ectomycorhizienne: production a Grande Echelle de plants Mycorhizes par la Truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.). Mushroom Sci 102:483-505
25. Chu HF, Wang LY, Han HX (2004) Fauna Sinica, volume 38, Lepidoptera: Hepialidae, Epiplemidae. Science Press, Beijing, p 291, In Chinese with English abstract
26. Cunningham AB, Yang X (2011) Fungi and the future, in: Mushrooms in forests and Woodlands. Earthscan Publishers, UK, p 189
27. Daba AS, Ezeronye OU (2003) Anti-cancer effect of polysaccharides isolated from higher basidiomycetes mushrooms. Afr J Biotechnol 2(12):672-678
28. Dai YC, Yang ZL, Cui BK, Yu CJ, Zhou LW (2009) Species diversity and utilization of medicinal mushrooms and fungi in China (Review). Int J Med Mushrooms 11:287-302
29. De Silva DD, Rapior S, Françoise F, Bahkali AH, Hyde KD (2012) Medicinal mushrooms in supportive cancer therapies: an approach to anti-cancer effects and putative mechanisms of action. Fungal Divers 10.1007/s13225-012- 0151-3
30. Dell B, Malajczuk N, Dunstan W, Gong MQ, Chen YL, Lumyong S, Lumyong P, Supriyanto, Ekwey L (2000) Edible forest fungi in SE Asiacurrent practices and future management. In Proceedings of the International Workshop Biotechnology Applications for Reforestation and Biodiversity Conservation, Nepal, 1999, BIO-REFOR: 123-130
31. Dell B, Sanmee R, Lumyong P, Lumyong S (2005) Ectomycorrhizal fungi in dry and wet dipterocarp forests in northern Thailanddiversity and use as food. Proceedings of the 8th Round Table Conference on Dipterocarps, Ho Chi Minh City
32. Devkota S (2006) Yarsagumba (Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc.), traditional utilization in Dolpa District, western Nepal. Our Nat 4:48-52
33. Devkota S (2009) The frequency and relationship of flowering plants on the distribution pattern of Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Yarchagunbu) in the Highlands of Dolpa District, Nepal. Banko Janakari 19(1):29-36
34. Dring DM (1973) Gasteromycetes. In: Ainsworth GC, Sparrow FK, Sussman AS (eds) The Fungi; an Advanced Treatise. IVB. Academic Press, London. ISBN 0-12-045604-4
35. Du P, Cui BK, Dai YC (2011a) High genetic diversity in wild culinary-medicinal wood ear analysis. Int J Med Mushrooms 13:289-298
36. Du P, Cui BK, Dai YC (2011b) Genetic diversity of wild Auricularia polytricha in Yunnan Province of South-western China revealed by sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) analysis. J Med Plants Res 5:1374-1381
37. Egli S (2011) Mycorrhizal mushroom diversity and productivityan indicator of forest health? Annals Forest Sci 68(1):81-88
38. FAO (1995) Non-Wood Forest Products for Rural Income and Sustainable Forestry, vol 7. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome
39. García-Montero LG, Díaz P, Massimo GD, García-Abril A (2010) A review of research on Chinese Tuber species. Mycol Prog 9:315-335
40. Gardner S, Sidisunthorn P, Anusarnsunthorn V (2000) A Field Guide to Forest Trees of Northern Thailand. Asia Books Co., Ltd, Bangkok, p 560
41. Ge ZW, Yang ZL, Vellinga EC (2010) The genus Macrolepiota (Agaricaceae, Basidiomycota) in China. Fungal Divers 45:81-98
42. Goldway M, Amir R, Goldberg D, Hadar Y, Levanon D (2000) Morchella conica exhibiting a long fruiting season. Mycol Res 104:1000-1004
43. Gui MY, Zhu P, Guo YH, Liu P, Pu CX (2002) Study on the biological characters of Morchella conica. China Wild Plant Resour 21(3):7-10
44. Gui MY, Liu B, Zhou P, Guo YH, Pu CX, Ma SB (2005) A preliminary study on the ecology of edible Thelephora. Sw China J Agric Sci 18:325-327 (in Chinese)
45. Hall IR, Lyon AJE, Wang Y, Sinclair L (1998a) Ectomycorrhizal fungi with edible fruiting bodies Boletus edulis. Econ Bot 52(1):44-56
46. Hall IR, Zambonelli A, Primavera F (1998b) Ectomycorrhizal fungi with edible fruiting bodies Tuber magnatum, Tuberaceae. Econ Bot 52:192-200
47. He J, Zhou Z, Yang H, Xu J (2011) Integrative management of commercialized wild mushroom: A case study of Thelephora ganbajun in Yunnan, Southwest China. Environ manage 48:98-108
48. Heim R (1936) Observations sur la flore mycologique malgache. III, Trois bolets gigantesque d'Afrique et de Madagascar. Revue de Mycologie 1:3-18
49. Heinemann P, Rammeloo J (1982) Observations sur le genre Phlebopus (Boletineae). Mycotaxon 15:384-404
50. Hens L, Boon EK (2003) Causes of Biodiversity Loss: a Human Ecological Analysis. Futuro dos Recursos no 1:1-28
51. Hosford D, Pilz D, Molina R, Amaranthus M (1997) Ecology and Management of the Commercially Harvested American Matsutake Mushroom. United States Department of Agriculture Ecology and Management of Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station
52. Hu HD, Wang Y, Hu BY (2005) Cultivation of Tuber formosanum on limed soil in Taiwan. New Zeal J Crop Hort 33:363-366
53. Huang QR (2005) Study of the submerged culture of Clitocybe maxima mycelia and its effect on isolated muscular fatigue induced by electric stimulation in toad. Food Sci 26:86-90
54. Hyde KD, Bahkali AH, Moslem MA (2010) Fungian unusual source for cosmetics. Fungal Divers 43:1-9
55. Ji KP, Hei MX, Zhang CX, Liu J, Wang WB, Hou JY (2009) Semiartificial simulate cultivation of Phlebopus portentosus and the durability of hyphae on host roots. Microbio 36:377-382
56. Ji KP, Cao Y, Zhang CX, He MX, Liu J, Wang WB, Wang Y (2011) Cultivation of Phlebopus portentosus in southern China. Mycol Prog 10(3):293-300
57. Kanwal HK, Karan Acharya K, Ramesh G, Reddy MS (2010) Molecular Characterization of Morchella species from the Western Himalayan Region of India. Curr Microbiol 62:1245-1252
58. Karunarathna SC, Yang ZL, Olivier R, Ko Ko TW, Vellinga EC, Zhao RL, Bahkali AK, Chukeatirote E, Degreef J, Callac P, Hyde KD (2011a) Lentinus giganteus revisited: new collections from Sri Lanka and Thailand. Mycotaxon 118:57-71
59. Karunarathna SC, Yang ZL, Zhao R, Vellinga EC, Bahkali AH, Chukeatirote E, Hyde KD (2011b) Three new species of Lentinus from northern Thailand. Mycol Prog 10:389-398
60. Kasparavicius J (2001) Influence of climatic conditions on the growth of fruit bodies of Boletus edulis. Botanica Lithuanica 7(1):73-78
61. Kendrick B (2000) The Fifth Kingdom, 3rd edn. Focus Publishing, Newburyport
62. Kerekes J, Desjardin DE (2009) A monograph of the genera Crinipellis and Moniliophthora from Southeast Asia including a molecular phylogeny of the nrITS region. Fungal Divers 37:101-152
63. Kim HO, Yun JW (2005) A comparative study on the production of exopolysaccharides between two entomopathogenic fungi Cordyceps militaris and Cordyceps sinensis in submerged mycelial cultures. J Appl Microbiol 99:728-738
64. Kobayasi Y (1982) Keys to the texa of genera Cordyceps and Torrubiella. Trans Mycol Soc Japan 23:329-364
65. Kone NA, Dosso K, Konate S, Kouadio JY, Linsenmair KE (2011) Environmental and biological determinants of Termitomyces species seasonal fructification in central and southern Cote d'Ivoire. Insect Soc 58(3):371-382
66. Koune J (2001) Threatened Mushrooms in Europe. Nature and Environment No. 122. Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg Cedex. ISBN 92-871-4666-7
67. Kumla J, Bussaban B, Suwannarach N, Lumyong S, Danell E (2012) Basidiome formation of an edible wild, putatively ectomycorrhizal fungus, Phlebopus portentosus without host plant. doi: 10.3852/11-074
68. Le TH, Nuytinck J, Stubbe D, Verbeken A, Lumyong S, Desjardin ED (2007a) Lactarius in Northern Thailand: 2. Lactarius subgenus Plinthogali. Fungal Divers 27:61-94
69. Le TH, Nuytinck J, Verbeken A, Lumyong S, Desjardin ED (2007b) Lactarius in Northern Thailand: 1. Lactarius subgenus Piperites. Fungal Divers 24:173-224
70. Lei QY, Zhou JJ, Wang QB (2009) Notes on three boletus species from China. Mycosystema 28:56-59
71. Li TH, Song B (2003) Bolete species known from China. Gui Zhou Science 21(1-2):78-85
72. Li YC, Feng B, Yang ZL (2011) Zangia, a new genus of Boletaceae supported by molecular and morphological evidence. Fungal Divers 49:125-143
73. Liang J, Jia XZ, Wang Y, Zhang XY, Nguyen H (2004) The physiological characteristics and salinity and alkalinity resistance of two ectomycorrhizal fungi. Scientia Silvae Sinicae 40(6):115-120
74. Lin ZS (2005) Culture isolation and investigation of bioactivities from Termitomyces eurhizus. Dissertation, southern Taiwan University of technology and science, Tainan
75. Liu P, Yan M, Wang X, Sun P, Yang X (1999) Notes on the resources of matsutake-group and their reasonable utilization as well as effective conservation in China (in Chinese). J Nat Res 14(3):245-252
76. Lu Y, Ao Z, Cheng C, Wu C, Zheng Y (2007) Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the mycelial extract of Termitomyces albuminosus. Chinese Traditional Patent Medicine 12
77. Mallick SK, Swatilekha M, Bhutia SK, Maiti TK (2010) Immunostimulatory properties of a polysaccharide isolated from Astraeus hygrometricus. J Med Food 13(3):665-72
78. Mao XL (2000) The Macrofungi in China. Henan Scientific and Technological Press, Zhenzhou
79. Masaphy S (2010) Biotechnology of morel mushrooms: successful fruiting body formation and development in a soilless system. Biotech Lett 32:1523-1527
80. Menzies NK, Li C (2010) One Eye on the Forest, One Eye on the Market: Multi-Tiered Regulation of Matsutake Harvesting, Conservation and Trade in North-Western Yunnan Province Wild Product Governance. Earthscan, London
81. Miller OK, Miller SL (1988) Gasteromycetes. Mad River Press, Eureka
82. Molina R, Vance N, Weigand JF, Pilz D, Amaranthus MP (1997) Special forest products: integrating social, economic, and biological considerations into ecosystem management. In: Kohm KA, Franklin JF (eds) Creating a Forestry for the 21st Century: The Science of Ecosystem Management. Island Press, Washington, DC, pp 315-336
83. Mondal S, Chakraborty I, Pramanik M, Rout D, Islam SS (2004) Structural studies of water-soluble polysaccharides of an edible mushroom, Termitomyces eurhizus. A reinvestigation. Carbohyd Res 339(6):1135-1140
84. Moore D, Chiu SW (2001) In: Pointing SB, Hyde KD (eds) Fungal products as food. In Bio-Exploitation of Filamentous Fungi. Fungal Diversity Press, Hong Kong, pp 223-251
85. Moore D, Robson GD, Trinci APJ (2011) 21st Century Guidebook to Fungi. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, http://www.cambridge.org/gb/knowledge/ isbn/item6026594/?site-locale=en-GB. ISBN 9780521186957
86. Morgan AP (1889) North American Fungi: the Gastromycetes. J Cincinnati Soc Nat Hist 12:8-22
87. Namgyel P, Tshitila (2003) Rare, endangered, over-exploitation and extinction of plant species? Putting Cordycepsa high value medicinal plant-to test. Council of Research and Extension and Bhutan Trust Fund for Environmental Conservation, Thimphu
88. Napoli C, Mello A, Borra A, Vizzini A, Sourzat P and Bonfante P (2009) Tuber melanosporum, when dominant, affects fungal dynamics in truffle grounds. New Phytol: 1-11
89. Neves MA, Capelari M (2007) A preliminary checklist of Boletales from Brazil and notes on Boletales specimens at the Instituto de Botanica (SP) Herbarium, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Sitientibus serie ciencias bio 7:163-169
90. Paterson RRM (2008) CordycepsA traditional Chinese medicine and another fungal therapeutic biofactory? Phytochemistry 69:1469-1495
91. Pegler DN (1983) The genus Lentinus: a world monograph. HMSO, London
92. Pegler DN (1986) Agaric Flora of Sri Lanka. Kew: Bull Add Ser 12:1-519
93. Pegler DN, Yao YJ, Li Y (1994) The Chinese 'Caterpillar Fungus'. Mycologist 8:3-5
94. Peng J (2006) Agro-Waste for Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms in Taiwan. TPHealth, No. 44, Sec. 2, Yongsing Rd., Dongshan Township Ilan, Taiwan
95. Perini C ed. (1998) Conservation of fungi in Europe. Proceedings of the 4th meeting of the European Council for the Conservation of Fungi. Vipiteno (Sterzing, Italy), 9-14 September 1997. Siena, Italy, Universita degli Studi de Siena: pp 159
96. Phosri C, Watling R, Martin MP, Whalley AJS (2004) The genus Astraeus in Thailand. Mycotaxon 89:453-463
97. Phosri C, Martin MP, Sihanonth P, Whalley AS, Watling R (2007) Molecular study of the genus Astraeus. Mycol Res 111(3):275-286
98. Pilz D, Molina R (1996) Managing forest ecosystems to conserve fungus diversity and sustain wild mushroom harvests. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-371. Portland, OR: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station: pp 104
99. Ponce RA, Águeda B, Ágreda T, Modrego MP, Aldea J, Fernándea-Toirán LM, Martínez-Peńa (2011) Rockroses and Boletus edulis ectomycorrhizal association: realized niche and climatic suitability in Spain. Fungi Ecol 4:224-232
100. Ren DJ, Song MS, Yao YJ (2005) Literature review of Tuber species in China. J Fungal Res 3:37-46
101. Ruksawong P, Flegel TW (2001) Thai mushrooms and other fungi. National Science and Technology Development Agency (in Thai). Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning (ONEP), Thailand, Open Biodiversity Series
102. Samils N, Olivera A, Danell E, Alexander SJ, Fischer C, Colinas C (2008) The socioeconomic impact of truffle cultivation in rural Spain. Econ Bot 62:331-340
103. Sanmee R, Dell B, Lumpong P, Izumori K, Lumyong S (2003) Nutritive value of popular wild edible mushrooms from Northern Thailand. Food Chem 82:527-532
104. Sanmee R, Tulloss RE, Lumyong P, Dell B, Lumyong S (2008) Studies on Amanita (Basidiomycetes: Amanitaceae) in northern Thailand. Fungal Divers 32:97-123
105. Sanmee R, Lumpong P, Bell D, Lumyong S (2010) In vitro cultivation and fruit body formation of the black bolete, Phlebopus portentosus, a popular edible ectomycorrhizal fungus in Thailand. Mycoscience 51:15-22
106. Segedin BP (1987) An annotated checklist of Agarics and Boletes recorded from New Zealand. NZ J Bot 25:185-215
107. Shao-Yu J (2006) Cultivation of Termitomyces albuminosus and its taste quality and evalution of physiological activities. National Chung Hsing University, Taipei
108. Singer R (1936) Das System der Agaricales (in German). Annales Mycologici 34(4/5):286-378
109. Singer R (1944) New genera of fungi. I. Mycologia 36(4):358-68. doi: 10.2307/3754752
110. Singer R (1986) The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy, 4th edn. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, pp 744-746
111. Singh N, Pathak R, Kathait AS, Rautela D, Dubey A (2010) Collection of Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc. in the interior villages of Chamoli District in Garhwal Himalaya (Uttarakhand) and its Social Impacts. J Am Sci 6(6):120-132
112. Stefani OPF, Sokolski S, Wurtz T, Piche Y, Hamelin R, Fortin A, Berube JA (2010) Morchella tomentosa: a unique belowground structure and a new clade of morels. Mycologia 102:1082-1088
113. Su KM, Zhao YC (2007) The mushrooms in Chuxiong region and technologies relating to artifical promoted production [M]. Yunnan science and technology press, Kunming (in Chinese)
114. Sun Y (2006) Pharmacological function and application prospect of the edible fungi Polysacchatide. J Community Med 4(2):29-30
115. Sung JM (1996) Cordyceps of Korea. Kyo-Hak. Publishing, Seoul, p 299
116. Sung GH, Hywell-Jones NL, Sung JM, Luangsa-ard JJ, Shrestha B, Spatafora JW (2007) Phylogenetic classification of Cordyceps and the clavicipitaceous Fungi. Stud Mycol 57:5-59
117. Sysouphanthong P, Thongkantha S, Zhao R-L, Soytong K, Hyde KD (2010) Mushroom diversity in sustainable shade tea forest and the effect of fire damage. Biodivers Conserv 19:1401-1415
118. Tan B, Miao W (2009) Research review on active and nutritional components of Termitomyces. Biotechnol 19(3):93-95
119. Tao K, Liu B (1990) Ecology and nutritive value of Tuber sinese. J Shan xi Univ (Nat Sci Ed) 13:319-329
120. Tapingkae T (2005) Part II Mushroom for Better Life, Mushroom growing in Lao PDR. Rural Science and Technology Development Center, Thailand
121. Tarkka MT, Piechulla B (2007) Aromatic weapons: truffles attack plants by the production of volatiles. New Phytol 175:381-383
122. Thongklang N, Hyde KD, Bussaban B, Lumyong S (2010) Culture condition, inoculum production and host response of a wild mushroom, Phlebopus portentosus strain CMUHH121-005. Maejo Int J Sci Technol 5(3):413-425
123. Trappe JM (1979) The orders, families and genera of hypogeous ascomycotina (truffles and their relatives). Mycotaxon 9:297-340
124. Trappe JM, Molina R, Luoma DL, Cázares E, Pilz D, Smith JE, Castellano MA, Miller SL, Trappe MJ (2009) Diversity, ecology, and conservation of Truffle fungi in forests of the Pacific northwest. United States Department of Agriculture, Portland, p 194
125. Udugama S, Wickramaratna K (1991) Artificial production of naturally occurring Lentinus giganteus (Uru Paha), a Sri Lankan edible mushroom. Horticultural Crop Research & Development Institute (HORDI), Gannoruwa
126. Van de Putte K, Nuytinck J, Stubbe D, Le TH, Verbeken A (2010) Lactarius volemus sensu lato (Russulales) from northern Thailand: morphological and phylogenetic species concepts explored. Fungal Divers 45:99-130
127. Wang GD (1995) Cordyceps spp.: Ecology, Cultivation and Application. Scientific and Technical Literature Publishing House, Beijing, pp 1-307
128. Wang L, Du D (2005) Research Progress of the Edible Fungi. J ZheJiang Sci Tech 255(5):49-53
129. Wang XL, Yao YJ (2011) Host insect species of Ophiocordyceps sinensis: a review. Zookeys 127:43-59
130. Wang Y, Hall IR, Evans LA (1997) Ectomycorrhizal fungi with edible fruiting bodies.1. Tricholoma matsutake and related fungi. Econ Bot 51(3):311-327
131. Wang XE, Yao FJ, Li Y (2005a) Research advancement of truffle. Edible Fungi China 24:6-9
132. Wang Y, Di Y, Yang J (2005b) Antioxidation of Termitomyces albuminosus in hypercholesterolemia rats. China Prev Med 6(1):10-12
133. Wang ZC, Li JH, Jiang HY, Li SF, Wen L (2011) The artificial promoted production of Boletus edulis (in Chinese). J ChongQing Fore Sci Tech 1:38-40
134. Wannathes N, Desjardin DE, Hyde KD, Perry BA, Lumyong S (2009a) A monograph of Marasmius (Basidiomycota) from northern Thailand based on morphological and molecular (ITS sequences). Fungal Divers 37:209-306
135. Wannathes N, Desjardin DE, Lumyong S (2009b) Four new species of Marasmius section Globulares from northern Thailand. Fungal Divers 36:155-163
136. Watling R (2001) Australia boletes: their diversity and possible origin. Austral Syst Bot 14:407-416
137. Watling R, Gregory NM (1988) Observation on the boletes of the Cooloola Sandmass, Queensland and notes on their distribution in Australia. Part 2 B. Smooth spored taxa of the family Gyrodontaceae and the genus Pulveroboletus. Proc R Soc Qd 99:65-76
138. Weckerle CS, Yang Y, Huber FK, Li Q (2010) People, money, and protected areas: the collection of the caterpillar mushroom Ophiocordyceps sinensis in the Baima Xueshan Nature Reserve, Southwest China. Biodivers Conserv 19:2685-2698
139. Weden C, Danell E, Camacho FJ, Backlund A (2004) The population of the hypogeous fungus Tuber aestivum syn. Tuber uncinatum on the island of Gotland. Mycorrhiza 14:19-23
140. Wei T, Yao Y (2003) Current situations and prospect of researches on Termitomyces ecology. J Jilin Agric Univ 25(3):282-287
141. Winkler D (2008) Yartsa Gunbu (Cordyceps sinensis) and the fungal commodification of Tibet's rural economy. Econ Bot 62:291-305
142. Wu N (1997) Rangeland Resources and Conditions in western Sichuan. In: Miller DJ, Craig SR (eds) Rangelands and Pastoral Development in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas. ICIMOD, Kathmandu, pp 23-40
143. Yang ZL (2011) Molecular techniques revolutionize knowledge of basidiomycete evolution. Fungal Divers 50:47-58
144. Yang ZL, Zang M (2003) Tropical affinities of higher fungi in southern China. Acta Bot Yunnanica 25:129-144
145. Yang X, He J, Li C, Ma J, Yang Y, Xu J (2006a) Management of matutake in NW-Yunnan and key issues for its sustainable utilization. In: Kleinn C, Yang Y, Weyerhäuser H, Stark M (eds) Sino-German Symposium on the sustainable harvest of Non-timber forest products in China. Göttingen, Germany, pp 42-52
146. Yang X, Skidmore AK, Melick DR, Zhou Z, Xu J (2006b) Mapping non-wood forest product (matsutake mushrooms) using logistic regression and a GIS expert system. Ecol Model 198(1-2):208-218
147. Yang X, He J, Li C, Ma J, Yang Y, Xu J (2008) Matsutake trade in Yunnan Province, China: an overview. Econ Bot 62(3):269-277
148. Yang XQ, Kodikara GRL, Luedeling E, Yang XF, He J, Liu P, Xu J (2012) Looking below the ground: prediction of Tuber indicum habitat using the weight of evidence method. Ecol Model (in press)
149. Yao YJ (2004) Conservation and rational use of the natural resources of Cordyceps sinensis. Sci News 15:28-29 [In Chinese]
150. Yujin Z, Huachun G, Rongchun L (2010) Status of termite-mushroom artificial domestication cultivation-A review. Acta Microbiol Sin 50(10):1288-1292
151. Zang M (1997) Taxonomy, mycogeography and ecto-mycorrhizal association with the Boletales from China. I. Family Strobilomycetaceae. Mycosystema 16(4):264-269
152. Zang M, Kinjo N (1998) Notes on the alpine Cordyceps of China and nearby nations. Mycotaxon 66:215-229
153. Zappa S, Gioacchini AM, Guidi C, Guescini M, Pierleoni R, Zambonelli A, Stocchi V (2004) Determination of specific volatile organic compounds synthsised during Tuber borchii fruit body developement by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 18:199-205
154. Zhang DC, Wang Y (1990) Study on Chinese truffle and its ecology. Edible Fungi China 9:25-27
155. Zhang P, Chen ZH, Xiao B, Tolgor B, Bao HY, Yang ZL (2010) Lethal amanitas of East Asia characterized by morphological and molecular data. Fungal Divers 42:119-133
156. Zhao RL (2008) Systematics of Agaricus, Cyathus and Micropsalliota in northern Thailand. PhD thesis, KMITL, Bangkok, Thailand
157. Zhao Y, Hou B, Tang B, Li X, Yang X (2009) Application of ultrasonics to enhance the efficiency of cleaning Thelephora ganbajun. Ultrason Sonochem 16:209-211
158. Zhao Q, Kang PD, Qi SW, Chen YH, Xu ZZ (2010a) Current statues of morels resources and sustainable development strategies. Southwest China J Agric Sci 23(1):266-269
159. Zhao RL, Desjardin DE, Soytong K, Perry BA, Hyde KD (2010b) A monograph of Micropsalliota in northern Thailand based on morphological and molecular data. Fungal Divers 43:33-79
160. Zhao RL, Hyde KD, Desjardin DE, Raspé O, Soytong K, Guinberteau J, Karunarathna SC, Callac P (2011a) Agaricus flocculosipes sp. nov., a new potentially cultivatable species from the palaeotropics. Mycoscience doi 10.1007/s10267-011-0169-5
161. Zhao RL, Karunarathna SC, Raspé O, Parra LA, Guinberteau J, Moinard M, De Kesel A, Barroso G, Courtecuisse R, Hyde KD, Guelly AK, Desjardin DE, Callac P (2011b) Major clades in tropical Agaricus. Fungal Divers 51:279-296
162. Zheng S, Li C, Ng TB, Wang HX (2007) A lectin with mitogenic activity from the edible wild mushroom Boletus edulis. Process Biochem 42(12):1620-1624
163. Zhishu B, Zheng G, Taihui L (1997) The Macrofungus Flora of China's Guangdong Province. Polit Sci: pp 756
164. Zhou JQ, Wang LX, Duan YY, Pen W (1992) Assessment of ten common edible mushroom. Edible Fungi China 11:23-26
165. Zhu JS, James R (2004) Presented at the American Physiological Society's (APS) annual scientific conference, Experimental Biology 2003, held April 17-21, 2004, in Washington DC