메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 108, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 810-826

Level dependence of spatial processing in the primate auditory cortex

Author keywords

Marmoset; Single neuron; Sound localization

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; CALLITHRIX; CONTROLLED STUDY; EXCITATORY JUNCTION POTENTIAL; FEMALE; MALE; NERVE CELL; NERVE CELL EXCITABILITY; NOISE; NONHUMAN; PRIMARY AUDITORY CORTEX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECEPTIVE FIELD; SOUND; SOUND DETECTION; SOUND INTENSITY; SPATIAL DISCRIMINATION;

EID: 84865628468     PISSN: 00223077     EISSN: 15221598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jn.00500.2011     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (35)

References (72)
  • 1
    • 0026531613 scopus 로고
    • Encoding of sound-source location and movement: Activity of single neurons and interactions between adjacent neurons in the monkey auditory cortex
    • Ahissar M, Ahissar E, Bergman H, Vaadia E. Encoding of sound-source location and movement: activity of single neurons and interactions between adjacent neurons in the monkey auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol 67: 203-215, 1992.
    • (1992) J Neurophysiol , vol.67 , pp. 203-215
    • Ahissar, M.1    Ahissar, E.2    Bergman, H.3    Vaadia, E.4
  • 2
    • 0027325379 scopus 로고
    • Audition and the auditory pathway of a vocal New World primate, the common marmoset
    • Aitkin L, Park V. Audition and the auditory pathway of a vocal New World primate, the common marmoset. Prog Neurobiol 41: 345-367, 1993.
    • (1993) Prog Neurobiol , vol.41 , pp. 345-367
    • Aitkin, L.1    Park, V.2
  • 3
    • 0023007954 scopus 로고
    • Frequency representation in auditory cortex of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus jacchus)
    • Aitkin LM, Merzenich MM, Irvine DR, Clarey JC, Nelson JE. Frequency representation in auditory cortex of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus jacchus). J Comp Neurol 252: 175-185, 1986.
    • (1986) J Comp Neurol , vol.252 , pp. 175-185
    • Aitkin, L.M.1    Merzenich, M.M.2    Irvine, D.R.3    Clarey, J.C.4    Nelson, J.E.5
  • 4
    • 0037436106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrast tuning in auditory cortex
    • Barbour DL, Wang X. Contrast tuning in auditory cortex. Science 299: 1073-1075, 2003.
    • (2003) Science , vol.299 , pp. 1073-1075
    • Barbour, D.L.1    Wang, X.2
  • 6
    • 0031026567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time course of forward masking tuning curves in cat primary auditory cortex
    • Brosch M, Schreiner CE. Time course of forward masking tuning curves in cat primary auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol 77: 923-943, 1997.
    • (1997) J Neurophysiol , vol.77 , pp. 923-943
    • Brosch, M.1    Schreiner, C.E.2
  • 7
    • 0029902168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The structure of spatial receptive fields of neurons in primary auditory cortex of the cat
    • Brugge JF, Reale RA, Hind JE. The structure of spatial receptive fields of neurons in primary auditory cortex of the cat. J Neurosci 16: 4420-4437, 1996.
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 4420-4437
    • Brugge, J.F.1    Reale, R.A.2    Hind, J.E.3
  • 8
    • 0028999443 scopus 로고
    • Monaural inhibition in cat auditory cortex
    • Calford MB, Semple MN. Monaural inhibition in cat auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol 73: 1876-1891, 1995.
    • (1995) J Neurophysiol , vol.73 , pp. 1876-1891
    • Calford, M.B.1    Semple, M.N.2
  • 9
    • 70449635981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The synaptic representation of sound source location in auditory cortex
    • Chadderton P, Agapiou JP, McAlpine D, Margrie TW. The synaptic representation of sound source location in auditory cortex. J Neurosci 29: 14127-14135, 2009.
    • (2009) J Neurosci , vol.29 , pp. 14127-14135
    • Chadderton, P.1    Agapiou, J.P.2    McAlpine, D.3    Margrie, T.W.4
  • 10
    • 33645455799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical connections of the auditory cortex in marmoset monkeys: Core and medial belt regions
    • de la Mothe LA, Blumell S, Kajikawa Y, Hackett TA. Cortical connections of the auditory cortex in marmoset monkeys: core and medial belt regions. J Comp Neurol 496: 27-71, 2006.
    • (2006) J Comp Neurol , vol.496 , pp. 27-71
    • de la Mothe, L.A.1    Blumell, S.2    Kajikawa, Y.3    Hackett, T.A.4
  • 11
    • 0031739141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azimuth coding in primary auditory cortex of the cat. I. Spike synchrony versus spike count representations
    • Eggermont JJ, Mossop JE. Azimuth coding in primary auditory cortex of the cat. I. Spike synchrony versus spike count representations. J Neurophysiol 80: 2133-2150, 1998.
    • (1998) J Neurophysiol , vol.80 , pp. 2133-2150
    • Eggermont, J.J.1    Mossop, J.E.2
  • 12
    • 0024991697 scopus 로고
    • Effect of bilateral auditory cortex lesions on sound localization in Japanese macaques
    • Heffner HE, Heffner RS. Effect of bilateral auditory cortex lesions on sound localization in Japanese macaques. J Neurophysiol 64: 915-931, 1990.
    • (1990) J Neurophysiol , vol.64 , pp. 915-931
    • Heffner, H.E.1    Heffner, R.S.2
  • 13
    • 0025290907 scopus 로고
    • Single-unit selectivity to azimuthal direction and sound pressure level of noise bursts in cat high-frequency primary auditory cortex
    • Imig TJ, Irons WA, Samson FR. Single-unit selectivity to azimuthal direction and sound pressure level of noise bursts in cat high-frequency primary auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol 63: 1448-1466, 1990.
    • (1990) J Neurophysiol , vol.63 , pp. 1448-1466
    • Imig, T.J.1    Irons, W.A.2    Samson, F.R.3
  • 14
    • 0000740893 scopus 로고
    • Physiology of the auditory brainstem
    • edited by Popper AN, Fay RR. New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Irvine D. Physiology of the auditory brainstem. In: The Mammalian Auditory Pathway: Neurophysiology, edited by Popper AN, Fay RR. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1992, p. 153-231.
    • (1992) The Mammalian Auditory Pathway: Neurophysiology , pp. 153-231
    • Irvine, D.1
  • 15
    • 0023753068 scopus 로고
    • Directionality of sound pressure transformation at the pinna of echolocating bats
    • Jen PH, Chen DM. Directionality of sound pressure transformation at the pinna of echolocating bats. Hear Res 34: 101-117, 1988.
    • (1988) Hear Res , vol.34 , pp. 101-117
    • Jen, P.H.1    Chen, D.M.2
  • 16
    • 0021678338 scopus 로고
    • Role of cat primary auditory cortex for sound-localization behavior
    • Jenkins WM, Merzenich MM. Role of cat primary auditory cortex for sound-localization behavior. J Neurophysiol 52: 819-847, 1984.
    • (1984) J Neurophysiol , vol.52 , pp. 819-847
    • Jenkins, W.M.1    Merzenich, M.M.2
  • 17
    • 0034710908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subdivisions of auditory cortex and processing streams in primates
    • Kaas JH, Hackett TA. Subdivisions of auditory cortex and processing streams in primates. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 11793-11799, 2000.
    • (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.97 , pp. 11793-11799
    • Kaas, J.H.1    Hackett, T.A.2
  • 18
    • 1942489861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Information tuning of populations of neurons in primary visual cortex
    • Kang K, Shapley RM, Sompolinsky H. Information tuning of populations of neurons in primary visual cortex. J Neurosci 24: 3726-3735, 2004.
    • (2004) J Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 3726-3735
    • Kang, K.1    Shapley, R.M.2    Sompolinsky, H.3
  • 19
    • 2442594786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracortical pathways determine breadth of subthreshold frequency receptive fields in primary auditory cortex
    • Kaur S, Lazar R, Metherate R. Intracortical pathways determine breadth of subthreshold frequency receptive fields in primary auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol 91: 2551-2567, 2004.
    • (2004) J Neurophysiol , vol.91 , pp. 2551-2567
    • Kaur, S.1    Lazar, R.2    Metherate, R.3
  • 20
    • 65449161883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multisensory interactions in primate auditory cortex: FMRI and electrophysiology
    • Kayser C, Petkov CI, Logothetis NK. Multisensory interactions in primate auditory cortex: fMRI and electrophysiology. Hear Res 258: 80-88, 2009.
    • (2009) Hear Res , vol.258 , pp. 80-88
    • Kayser, C.1    Petkov, C.I.2    Logothetis, N.K.3
  • 21
    • 0031945757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Head-related transfer functions of the barn owl: Measurement and neural responses
    • Keller CH, Hartung K, Takahashi TT. Head-related transfer functions of the barn owl: measurement and neural responses. Hear Res 118: 13-34, 1998.
    • (1998) Hear Res , vol.118 , pp. 13-34
    • Keller, C.H.1    Hartung, K.2    Takahashi, T.T.3
  • 23
    • 80755143826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial tuning to sound-source azimuth in the inferior colliculus of unanesthetized rabbit
    • Kuwada S, Bishop B, Alex C, Condit DW, Kim DO. Spatial tuning to sound-source azimuth in the inferior colliculus of unanesthetized rabbit. J Neurophysiol 106: 2698-2708, 2011.
    • (2011) J Neurophysiol , vol.106 , pp. 2698-2708
    • Kuwada, S.1    Bishop, B.2    Alex, C.3    Condit, D.W.4    Kim, D.O.5
  • 24
    • 0000158787 scopus 로고
    • Some measurements on the effects of interchannel intensity and time differences in two channel sound systems
    • Leakey DM. Some measurements on the effects of interchannel intensity and time differences in two channel sound systems. J Acoust Soc Am 31: 977-986, 1959.
    • (1959) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.31 , pp. 977-986
    • Leakey, D.M.1
  • 25
    • 78650678824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Auditory cortex spatial sensitivity sharpens during task performance
    • Lee CC, Middlebrooks JC. Auditory cortex spatial sensitivity sharpens during task performance. Nat Neurosci 14: 108-114, 2010.
    • (2010) Nat Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 108-114
    • Lee, C.C.1    Middlebrooks, J.C.2
  • 26
    • 0034995303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural representations of temporally asymmetric stimuli in the auditory cortex of awake primates
    • Lu T, Liang L, Wang X. Neural representations of temporally asymmetric stimuli in the auditory cortex of awake primates. J Neurophysiol 85: 2364-2380, 2001a.
    • (2001) J Neurophysiol , vol.85 , pp. 2364-2380
    • Lu, T.1    Liang, L.2    Wang, X.3
  • 27
    • 0035707111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal and rate representations of time-varying signals in the auditory cortex of awake primates
    • Lu T, Liang L, Wang X. Temporal and rate representations of time-varying signals in the auditory cortex of awake primates. Nat Neurosci 4: 1131-1138, 2001b.
    • (2001) Nat Neurosci , vol.4 , pp. 1131-1138
    • Lu, T.1    Liang, L.2    Wang, X.3
  • 28
    • 0015937835 scopus 로고
    • Representation of the cochlear partition of the superior temporal plane of the macaque monkey
    • Merzenich MM, Brugge JF. Representation of the cochlear partition of the superior temporal plane of the macaque monkey. Brain Res 50: 275-296, 1973.
    • (1973) Brain Res , vol.50 , pp. 275-296
    • Merzenich, M.M.1    Brugge, J.F.2
  • 29
    • 0141535202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Representation of auditory space by cortical neurons in awake cats
    • Mickey BJ, Middlebrooks JC. Representation of auditory space by cortical neurons in awake cats. J Neurosci 23: 8649-8663, 2003.
    • (2003) J Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 8649-8663
    • Mickey, B.J.1    Middlebrooks, J.C.2
  • 30
    • 0019827657 scopus 로고
    • Functional classes of neurons in primary auditory cortex of the cat distinguished by sensitivity to sound location
    • Middlebrooks JC, Pettigrew JD. Functional classes of neurons in primary auditory cortex of the cat distinguished by sensitivity to sound location. J Neurosci 1: 107-120, 1981.
    • (1981) J Neurosci , vol.1 , pp. 107-120
    • Middlebrooks, J.C.1    Pettigrew, J.D.2
  • 31
    • 0031842941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Codes for sound-source location in nontonotopic auditory cortex
    • Middlebrooks JC, Xu L, Eddins AC, Green DM. Codes for sound-source location in nontonotopic auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol 80: 863-881, 1998.
    • (1998) J Neurophysiol , vol.80 , pp. 863-881
    • Middlebrooks, J.C.1    Xu, L.2    Eddins, A.C.3    Green, D.M.4
  • 33
    • 19344367484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encoding of virtual acoustic space stimuli by neurons in ferret primary auditory cortex
    • Mrsic-Flogel TD, King AJ, Schnupp JW. Encoding of virtual acoustic space stimuli by neurons in ferret primary auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol 93: 3489-3503, 2005.
    • (2005) J Neurophysiol , vol.93 , pp. 3489-3503
    • Mrsic-Flogel, T.D.1    King, A.J.2    Schnupp, J.W.3
  • 34
    • 0842281634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What's a cerebellar circuit doing in the auditory system?
    • Oertel D, Young ED. What's a cerebellar circuit doing in the auditory system? Trends Neurosci 27: 104-110, 2004.
    • (2004) Trends Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 104-110
    • Oertel, D.1    Young, E.D.2
  • 36
    • 0025044715 scopus 로고
    • Azimuthal sensitivity of neurons in primary auditory cortex of cats. I. Types of sensitivity and the effects of variations in stimulus parameters
    • Rajan R, Aitkin LM, Irvine DR, McKay J. Azimuthal sensitivity of neurons in primary auditory cortex of cats. I. Types of sensitivity and the effects of variations in stimulus parameters. J Neurophysiol 64: 872-887, 1990.
    • (1990) J Neurophysiol , vol.64 , pp. 872-887
    • Rajan, R.1    Aitkin, L.M.2    Irvine, D.R.3    McKay, J.4
  • 37
    • 0028941071 scopus 로고
    • Processing of complex sounds in the macaque nonprimary auditory cortex
    • Rauschecker JP, Tian B, Hauser M. Processing of complex sounds in the macaque nonprimary auditory cortex. Science 268: 111-114, 1995.
    • (1995) Science , vol.268 , pp. 111-114
    • Rauschecker, J.P.1    Tian, B.2    Hauser, M.3
  • 38
    • 0037322461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directional sensitivity of neurons in the primary auditory (AI) cortex: Effects of sound-source intensity level
    • Reale RA, Jenison RL, Brugge JF. Directional sensitivity of neurons in the primary auditory (AI) cortex: effects of sound-source intensity level. J Neurophysiol 89: 1024-1038, 2003.
    • (2003) J Neurophysiol , vol.89 , pp. 1024-1038
    • Reale, R.A.1    Jenison, R.L.2    Brugge, J.F.3
  • 39
    • 0034710872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial processing in the auditory cortex of the macaque monkey
    • Recanzone GH. Spatial processing in the auditory cortex of the macaque monkey. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 11829-11835, 2000.
    • (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.97 , pp. 11829-11835
    • Recanzone, G.H.1
  • 40
    • 8844225682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intensity and location on sound location discrimination in macaque monkeys
    • Recanzone GH, Beckerman NS. Effects of intensity and location on sound location discrimination in macaque monkeys. Hear Res 198: 116-124, 2004.
    • (2004) Hear Res , vol.198 , pp. 116-124
    • Recanzone, G.H.1    Beckerman, N.S.2
  • 41
    • 70350200871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serial and parallel processing in the primate auditory cortex revisited
    • Recanzone GH, Cohen YE. Serial and parallel processing in the primate auditory cortex revisited. Behav Brain Res 206: 1-7, 2010.
    • (2010) Behav Brain Res , vol.206 , pp. 1-7
    • Recanzone, G.H.1    Cohen, Y.E.2
  • 43
    • 9644281168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human sound localization at near-threshold levels
    • Sabin AT, Macpherson EA, Middlebrooks JC. Human sound localization at near-threshold levels. Hear Res 199: 124-134, 2005.
    • (2005) Hear Res , vol.199 , pp. 124-134
    • Sabin, A.T.1    Macpherson, E.A.2    Middlebrooks, J.C.3
  • 44
    • 0014284581 scopus 로고
    • Two-tone inhibition in auditory-nerve fibers
    • Sachs MB, Kiang NY. Two-tone inhibition in auditory-nerve fibers. J Acoust Soc Am 43: 1120-1128, 1968.
    • (1968) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.43 , pp. 1120-1128
    • Sachs, M.B.1    Kiang, N.Y.2
  • 45
    • 0033812666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directionality derived from differential sensitivity to monaural and binaural cues in the cat's medial geniculate body
    • Samson FK, Barone P, Irons WA, Clarey JC, Poirier P, Imig TJ. Directionality derived from differential sensitivity to monaural and binaural cues in the cat's medial geniculate body. J Neurophysiol 84: 1330-1345, 2000.
    • (2000) J Neurophysiol , vol.84 , pp. 1330-1345
    • Samson, F.K.1    Barone, P.2    Irons, W.A.3    Clarey, J.C.4    Poirier, P.5    Imig, T.J.6
  • 46
    • 75949115735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonoverlapping sets of synapses drive on responses and off responses in auditory cortex
    • Scholl B, Gao X, Wehr M. Nonoverlapping sets of synapses drive on responses and off responses in auditory cortex. Neuron 65: 412-421, 2010.
    • (2010) Neuron , vol.65 , pp. 412-421
    • Scholl, B.1    Gao, X.2    Wehr, M.3
  • 47
    • 0036594260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The timing and laminar profile of converging inputs to multisensory areas of the macaque neocortex
    • Schroeder CE, Foxe JJ. The timing and laminar profile of converging inputs to multisensory areas of the macaque neocortex. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res 14: 187-198, 2002.
    • (2002) Brain Res Cogn Brain Res , vol.14 , pp. 187-198
    • Schroeder, C.E.1    Foxe, J.J.2
  • 49
    • 0027332068 scopus 로고
    • Simple models for reading neuronal population codes
    • Seung HS, Sompolinsky H. Simple models for reading neuronal population codes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 10749-10753, 1993.
    • (1993) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.90 , pp. 10749-10753
    • Seung, H.S.1    Sompolinsky, H.2
  • 50
    • 73649131907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sound localization cues in the marmoset monkey
    • Slee SJ, Young ED. Sound localization cues in the marmoset monkey. Hear Res 260: 96-108, 2010.
    • (2010) Hear Res , vol.260 , pp. 96-108
    • Slee, S.J.1    Young, E.D.2
  • 51
    • 34249290418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multisensory convergence in auditory cortex, I. Cortical connections of the caudal superior temporal plane in macaque monkeys
    • Smiley JF, Hackett TA, Ulbert I, Karmas G, Lakatos P, Javitt DC, Schroeder CE. Multisensory convergence in auditory cortex, I. Cortical connections of the caudal superior temporal plane in macaque monkeys. J Comp Neurol 502: 894-923, 2007.
    • (2007) J Comp Neurol , vol.502 , pp. 894-923
    • Smiley, J.F.1    Hackett, T.A.2    Ulbert, I.3    Karmas, G.4    Lakatos, P.5    Javitt, D.C.6    Schroeder, C.E.7
  • 52
    • 0001287452 scopus 로고
    • Effect of arrival time on stereophonic localization
    • Snow WB. Effect of arrival time on stereophonic localization. J Acoust Soc Am 26: 1071-1074, 1954.
    • (1954) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.26 , pp. 1071-1074
    • Snow, W.B.1
  • 54
    • 18144424804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Location coding by opponent neural populations in the auditory cortex
    • Stecker GC, Harrington IA, Middlebrooks JC. Location coding by opponent neural populations in the auditory cortex. PLoS Biol 3: e78, 2005.
    • (2005) PLoS Biol , vol.3
    • Stecker, G.C.1    Harrington, I.A.2    Middlebrooks, J.C.3
  • 55
    • 0034793646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effect of near-threshold stimulus intensities on sound localization performance in azimuth and elevation in normal human subjects
    • Su TI, Recanzone GH. Differential effect of near-threshold stimulus intensities on sound localization performance in azimuth and elevation in normal human subjects. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2: 246-256, 2001.
    • (2001) J Assoc Res Otolaryngol , vol.2 , pp. 246-256
    • Su, T.I.1    Recanzone, G.H.2
  • 56
    • 0021827879 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition and level-tolerant frequency tuning in the auditory cortex of the mustached bat
    • Suga N, Tsuzuki K. Inhibition and level-tolerant frequency tuning in the auditory cortex of the mustached bat. J Neurophysiol 53: 1109-1145, 1985.
    • (1985) J Neurophysiol , vol.53 , pp. 1109-1145
    • Suga, N.1    Tsuzuki, K.2
  • 57
    • 0032694414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organization of inhibitory frequency receptive fields in cat primary auditory cortex
    • Sutter ML, Schreiner CE, McLean M, O'Connor KN, Loftus WC. Organization of inhibitory frequency receptive fields in cat primary auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol 82: 2358-2371, 1999.
    • (1999) J Neurophysiol , vol.82 , pp. 2358-2371
    • Sutter, M.L.1    Schreiner, C.E.2    McLean, M.3    O'Connor, K.N.4    Loftus, W.C.5
  • 58
  • 59
    • 3042592424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tone-evoked excitatory and inhibitory synaptic conductances of primary auditory cortex neurons
    • Tan AY, Zhang LI, Merzenich MM, Schreiner CE. Tone-evoked excitatory and inhibitory synaptic conductances of primary auditory cortex neurons. J Neurophysiol 92: 630-643, 2004.
    • (2004) J Neurophysiol , vol.92 , pp. 630-643
    • Tan, A.Y.1    Zhang, L.I.2    Merzenich, M.M.3    Schreiner, C.E.4
  • 60
    • 0020622084 scopus 로고
    • The inability of squirrel monkeys to localize sound after unilateral ablation of auditory cortex
    • Thompson GC, Cortez AM. The inability of squirrel monkeys to localize sound after unilateral ablation of auditory cortex. Behav Brain Res 8: 211-216, 1983.
    • (1983) Behav Brain Res , vol.8 , pp. 211-216
    • Thompson, G.C.1    Cortez, A.M.2
  • 61
    • 0035853547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional specialization in rhesus monkey auditory cortex
    • Tian B, Reser D, Durham A, Kustov A, Rauschecker JP. Functional specialization in rhesus monkey auditory cortex. Science 292: 290-293, 2001.
    • (2001) Science , vol.292 , pp. 290-293
    • Tian, B.1    Reser, D.2    Durham, A.3    Kustov, A.4    Rauschecker, J.P.5
  • 62
    • 1842425633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of duration and level on human sound localization
    • Vliegen J, Van Opstal AJ. The influence of duration and level on human sound localization. J Acoust Soc Am 115: 1705-1713, 2004.
    • (2004) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.115 , pp. 1705-1713
    • Vliegen, J.1    van Opstal, A.J.2
  • 63
    • 19644394141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustained firing in auditory cortex evoked by preferred stimuli
    • Wang X, Lu T, Snider RK, Liang L. Sustained firing in auditory cortex evoked by preferred stimuli. Nature 435: 341-346, 2005.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.435 , pp. 341-346
    • Wang, X.1    Lu, T.2    Snider, R.K.3    Liang, L.4
  • 64
    • 0344120308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Balanced inhibition underlies tuning and sharpens spike timing in auditory cortex
    • Wehr M, Zador AM. Balanced inhibition underlies tuning and sharpens spike timing in auditory cortex. Nature 426: 442-446, 2003.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.426 , pp. 442-446
    • Wehr, M.1    Zador, A.M.2
  • 65
    • 43649097008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rate code for sound azimuth in monkey auditory cortex: Implications for human neuroimaging studies
    • Werner-Reiss U, Groh JM. A rate code for sound azimuth in monkey auditory cortex: implications for human neuroimaging studies. J Neurosci 28: 3747-3758, 2008.
    • (2008) J Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 3747-3758
    • Werner-Reiss, U.1    Groh, J.M.2
  • 66
    • 33751529503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of stimulus azimuth and intensity on the single-neuron activity in the auditory cortex of the alert macaque monkey
    • Woods TM, Lopez SE, Long JH, Rahman JE, Recanzone GH. Effects of stimulus azimuth and intensity on the single-neuron activity in the auditory cortex of the alert macaque monkey. J Neurophysiol 96: 3323-3337, 2006.
    • (2006) J Neurophysiol , vol.96 , pp. 3323-3337
    • Woods, T.M.1    Lopez, S.E.2    Long, J.H.3    Rahman, J.E.4    Recanzone, G.H.5
  • 67
    • 0031865916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity to sound-source elevation in nontonotopic auditory cortex
    • Xu L, Furukawa S, Middlebrooks JC. Sensitivity to sound-source elevation in nontonotopic auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol 80: 882-894, 1998.
    • (1998) J Neurophysiol , vol.80 , pp. 882-894
    • Xu, L.1    Furukawa, S.2    Middlebrooks, J.C.3
  • 68
    • 0002986845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural mechanisms of encoding binaural localization cues in the auditory brainstem
    • edited by Oertel D, Fay RR, Popper AN. New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Yin TC. Neural mechanisms of encoding binaural localization cues in the auditory brainstem. In: Integrative Functions in the Mammalian Auditory Brainstem, edited by Oertel D, Fay RR, Popper AN. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2002, p. 99-159.
    • (2002) Integrative Functions In the Mammalian Auditory Brainstem , pp. 99-159
    • Yin, T.C.1
  • 69
    • 0345103733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circuitry and Function of the Dorsal Cochlear Nucleus
    • edited by Oertel D, Popper AN, Fay RR. New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Young ED, Davis KA. Circuitry and Function of the Dorsal Cochlear Nucleus. In: Integrative Functions in the Mammalian Auditory Pathway, edited by Oertel D, Popper AN, Fay RR. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2002, p. 160-206.
    • (2002) Integrative Functions In the Mammalian Auditory Pathway , pp. 160-206
    • Young, E.D.1    Davis, K.A.2
  • 70
    • 0032611075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal tuning: To sharpen or broaden?
    • Zhang K, Sejnowski TJ. Neuronal tuning: to sharpen or broaden? Neural Comput 11: 75-84, 1999.
    • (1999) Neural Comput , vol.11 , pp. 75-84
    • Zhang, K.1    Sejnowski, T.J.2
  • 71
    • 0037481886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topography and synaptic shaping of direction selectivity in primary auditory cortex
    • Zhang LI, Tan AY, Schreiner CE, Merzenich MM. Topography and synaptic shaping of direction selectivity in primary auditory cortex. Nature 424: 201-205, 2003.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.424 , pp. 201-205
    • Zhang, L.I.1    Tan, A.Y.2    Schreiner, C.E.3    Merzenich, M.M.4
  • 72
    • 0026675677 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of external ear impulse responses using Golay codes
    • Zhou B, Green DM, Middlebrooks JC. Characterization of external ear impulse responses using Golay codes. J Acoust Soc Am 92: 1169-1171, 1992.
    • (1992) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.92 , pp. 1169-1171
    • Zhou, B.1    Green, D.M.2    Middlebrooks, J.C.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.