Nutritional status and eating practices among children aged 4-6 years old in selected urban and rural kindergarten in Selangor, Malaysia

Asian Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Volumn 4, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 116-131

  Aziz, Muhammad Faiz Abdul ^a   Devi, M Naleena ^a  

^a UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA   (Malaysia)

Author keywords

Eating practices; Kindergarten children; Nutritional status; Rural; Urban

Indexed keywords

EID: 84865544204     PISSN: 19921470     EISSN: 20772033     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3923/ajcn.2012.116.131     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Avan, B.I. and B. Kirkwood, 2010. Role of neighborhoods in child growth and development: Does place matter? Social Sci. Med., 71: 102-109.
2. Bharati, P., S. Bharati, M. Pal, S. Chakrabarty, S. Som and R. Gupta, 2009. Growth and nutritional status of preschool children in India: Rural-urban and gender differences. Collective Antropol., 33: 7-21.
3. Bharati, S., S. Chakrabarty, S. Som, M. Pal and P. Bharati, 2010. Socio-economic determinants of underweight children in West Bengal, India. Asian Pacific J. Trop. Med., 3: 322-327.
4. Biswas, S., K. Bose, S. Bisai and R. Chakraborty, 2009. Prevalence of thinness among rural Bengal pre-school children in Chapra, Nadia District, West Bengal, India. Malaysian J. Nutr., 15: 155-164.
5. Brotanek, J.M., J. Gosz, M. Weitzman and G. Flores, 2008. Secular trends in the prevalence of iron deficiency among US Toddlers, 2076-2002. Archieves Pediatrics Adolescent Med., 162: 374-381.
6. CDC, 2009. CDC Growth Charts. United State of America: Centre for Disease Control.
7. Cartwright, F. and W.G.K. Stritzke, 2007. A multidimensional ambivalence model of chocolate craving: Construct validity and associations with chocolate consumption and disordered eating. Eating Behaviors, 9: 1-12.
8. Chang, S.M., S.P. Walker, S. Grantham-McGregor and C.A. Powell, 2010. Early childhood stunting and later fine motor abilities. Dev. Med. Child Neurol., 52: 831-836.
9. Chowdhury, F., M.J. Christi, M.I. Hossam, M.A. Malek, M.A. Salam and A.S.G. Faruque, 2010. Association between paternal smoking and nutritional status of under-five children attending diarrhoeal hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Acta Paediatrica, 100: 390-395.
10. Davis, A.M., K.J. Bennet, C. Befort and N. Nollen, 2010. Obesity and related health behaviors among urban and rural children in the United States: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2004 and 2005-2006. J. Pediatric Psychl., 36: 669-676.
11. Davis, A.M., R.E. Boles, R.L. James, D.K. Sullivan, J.E. Donnelly, D.L. Swirczynski and J. Goetz, 2008 Health behaviors and weight status among urban and rural children. Rural Remote Health, 8: 810-815.
12. De Onis, M., C. Garza, A.W. Onyango and E. Borghi, 2007. Comparison of the WHO child growth standards and the CDC 2000 growth charts. J. Nutr., 137: 144-148.
13. De Onis, M., M. Blossner and E. Borghi, 2010. Global prevalence and trends of overweight and obesity among preschool children. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 92: 1257-1264.
14. Dubois, L., M. Girard, M.P. Kent, A. Farmer and F. Tatone-Tokuda, 2008. Breakfast skipping is associated with differences in meal patterns, macronutrient intakes and overweight among pre-school children. Public Health Nutr., 12: 19-28.
15. Faber, M., P.J. Van Jaaraveld and R. Laubacher, 2007. The contribution of dark-green leafy vegetables to total micronutrient intake of two to five year old children in rural setting. Water SA 33: 407-412.
16. Ferreira, H.S., T.M.M.T. Florenci, E.F. Viera and M.L. Assuncao, 2008. Stunting is associated with wasting in children from the semiarid region of Alagoas, Brazil. Nutr. Res., 28: 364-367.
17. Firestone, R., S. Punpuing, K.E. Peterson, D. Acevedo-Garcia and S.L. Gortmaker, 2011. Child overweight and undernutrition in Thailand: Is there a n urban effect? Social Sci. Med., 72: 1420-1428.
18. Flores, M., N. Macias, M. Rivera, S. Barquera, L. Hernandez, A. Garcia-Duerre and J.A. Rivera, 2009. Energy and nutrient intake among Mexican school aged children, Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2006. Salud Pubhca Mexico, 51: 540-550.
19. Folake Samuel, O., H. Abiodun Cole and H. Wilna Oldewage-Theron, 2008. Undernutrition and household environmental quality among urban and rural children in Nigeria. Pak. J. Nutr., 7: 44-49.
20. Garemo, M., R.A. Lenner and B. Strandvik, 2007. Swedish pre-school children eat too much junk food and sucrose. Acta Paediatrica, 96: 266-272.
21. Gharib, N. and P. Rasheed, 2011. Energy and macronutrient intake and dietary pattern among school children in Bahrain: A cross-sectional study. Nutr. J., 10: 62-66.
22. Gonzalez-Suarez, C, K. Grimmer-Somers and A. Worley, 2009. Is food intake is associated with pre-adolescent obesity? An observational study in Metromanila, Philippines. Asian J. Glin. Nutr., 1: 107-119.
23. Hien, N.N. and S. Kam, 2008. Nutritional status and the characteristics related to malnutrition in children under five years of age in Nghean, Vietnam. J. Prev. Med. Public Health, 41: 232-240.
24. Hodgkin, E., M.J. Hamlin, J.J. Ross and F. Peters, 2010. Obesity, energy intake and physical activity in rural and urban New Zealand children. Rural Remote Health, Vol. 10.
25. Huynh, D.T.T., M.J. Dibley, D.W. Sibbritt and H.T.M. Tran, 2008. Energy and macronutrient intakes in preschool children in urban areas of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. BioMed Central Pediatrics, 8: 44-48.
26. Jennings, A., A. Welch, A.P. Jones, F. Harrison and G. Bentham et al., 2011. Local food outlets, weight status and dietary intake associations in children ages 9-10 Years. Am. J. Preventive Med., 40: 405-410.
27. Kamal, S.M.M., 2011. Socioeconomic determinants of severe and moderate stunting among under-five children of rural Bangladesh. Malaysian J. Nutr., 17: 105-118.
28. Kanjilal, B., P.G. Mazumdar, M. Mukherjee and M.H. Rahman, 2010. Nutritional status of children in India: Household socio-economic condition as the contextual determinant. Int. J. Equity Health, 9: 19-31.
29. Karim, N.A. and L.K. Kheng, 2000. Nutritional status among Chinese preschoolers in Subang Jaya, Selangor. Malaysian J. Nutr., 6: 45-53.
30. Keller, K.L., J. Kirzner, A. Pietrobelli, M. St-Onge and M.S. Faith, 2007. Increased sweetened beverage intake is associated with reduced milk and calcium intake in 3-7 years old children at multi-item laboratory lunches. J. Am. Diet Assoc, 109: 497-501.
31. Khader, Y., O. Irshaidat, M. Khasawneh, Z. Amarin, M. Alomari and A. Batieha, 2009. Overweight and obesity among school children in Jordan: Prevalence and associated factors. Matern. Child Health J., 13: 424-431.
32. Khandare, A.L., V. Sirugun, A. Rao, K. Venkaiah, G. Reddy and G.S. Rao, 2008. Diet and nutrition status of four tribal blocks of thane district of Maharashtra, India (Nutrition Status of Children). Pak. J. Nutr., 7: 485-488.
33. Khattak, K.M.M.A. and S. Ali, 2010. Malnutrition and associated risk factor in pre-school children (2-5 Years) in District Swabi (NWFP). Pak. J. Med. Sri., 10: 34-39.
34. Khor, G.L., M.N.N. Safiza, A.B. Jamalludm, H. Jamaiyah and A. Geeta et al., 2009. Nutritional status of children below five years in Malaysia: Anthropometric analyses from the third national health and morbidity survey III (NHMS, 2006). Mai. J. Nutr., 15: 121-136.
35. Krejcie, R.V. and D.W. Morgan, 2070. Determining sample size for research activities. Educ. Psychol. Measur., 30: 607-610.
36. Lee, J., J. Kim, K. Hee Hong, Y. Ai Jang, S.H. Park, Y.A. Sohn and H. Chung, 2009. A comparison of food and nutrient intakes between instant noodle consumers and non-consumers among Korean children and adolescents. Korean J. Nutr., 42: 723-731.
37. Lee, K.S., H. Cheong, J.S. Eora, H.S. Jung, B.H. Oh and C.H. Hong, 2010. Cognitive decline is associated with nutritional risk in subjects with small Head Circumference (HC). Archives Gerontol. Geriatrics, 51: 105-109
38. Lian, C.W., W.M.W. Muda, Z.H. Zamh and C.K. Hock, 2007. A qualitative study on malnutrition in children from the perspectives of health workers in Tumpat, Kelantan. Mai. J. Nutr., 13: 19-28.
39. Maddah, M., T. Shahraki and M. Shahraki, 2010. Underweight and overweight among children in Zahedan, South-East Iran. Public Health Nutr., 13: 1519-1521.
40. Maiti, S., K.M. Ali, T.K. Bera, D. Ghosh and S. Paul, 2011. A comparative study on nutritional status of urban and rural early adolescent school girls of West Bengal, India. J. Nepal Paediatric Society, 31: 169-174.
41. Matheson, D.M., T.N. Robinson, A. Varady and J.D. Killen, 2006. Do Mexican American mother's food related parenting practices influence their children's weight and dietary intake? J. Am. Dietetic Assoc, 106: 1861-1865.
42. Matthew, A.K., A.D. Amodu, I. Sani and S.D. Solomon, 2009. Infant feeding practices and nutritional status of children in North Western Nigeria. Asian J. Clin. Nutr., 1: 12-22.
43. Mirhossemi, N.Z., S. Shahar, N.A.M. Yusoff, M.M. Ghayour-Mobarhan, A.R. Derakhshan and M.T. Shakery, 2011. Lower level of physical activity predisposes Iranian adolescent girls to obesity and its metabolic consequences. Pak. J. Nutr., 10: 728-734.
44. Musher-Eizenman, D. and S. Holub, 2007. Comprehensive feeding practices questionnaire: Validation of a new measure of parental feeding practices. J. Pediatr. Psychol., 32: 960-972.
45. Opara, D.C., E.E. Ikpeme and U.S. Ekanem, 2010. Prevalence of stunting, underweight and obesity in school aged children in Uyo, Nigeria. Pak. J. Nutr., 9: 459-466.
46. Porniammongkol, O., U. Yamborisut, T. Intajak and P.P. Sirichakwal, 2011. Iron status of hill tribe children and adolescent boys: A cross sectional study at a welfare center in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Pak. J. Nutr., 10: 903-909.
47. Pourhashemi, S.J., M.G. Motlagh, G.R.J. Khaniki and B. Golestan, 2007. Nutritional assessment of macronutrients in primary schoolchildren and its association with anthropometric indices and oral health. Pak. J. Nutr., 6: 687-692.
48. Ramzan, M., I. Ali, F. Ramzan and F. Ramzan, 2010. Nutritional status of affluent school children of Dera Ismail Khan: Is under-nutrition common? Pak. J. Nutr., 9: 1002-1005.
49. Rayhan, M.I. and M.S.H. Khan, 2006. Factors causing malnutrition among under five children in Bangladesh. Pak. J. Nutr., 5: 558-562.
50. Richardson, A.S., J. Boone-Heinonen, B.M. Popkin and P. Gordon-Larsen, 2011. Neighborhood fast food restaurants and fast food consumption: A national study. BioMedCentral Public Health, 11: 543-550.
51. Robinson-CTBrien, R., D. Neumark-Sztainer, P.J. Hannan, T. Burgess-Champoux and J. Haines, 2009. Fruits and vegetables at home: Child and parent perceptions. J. Nutr. Educ. Behav., 41: 360-364.
52. Rosas, L.G., S. Guendelman, K. Harley, L.C. Fernald, L. Neufeld, F. Mejia and B. Eskenazi, 2011. Factors associated with overweight and obesity among children of Mexican descent: Result of abinational study. J. Immigr. Minor. Health, 13: 169-180.
53. Salonen, M.K., E. Kajantie, C. Osmond, T. Forsen and H. Yliharsila et al., 2009. Role of childhood growth on the risk of metabolic syndrome in obese men and women. Diabetes Metab., 35: 94-100.
54. Sereebutra, P., N. Solomons, M.H. Aliyu and P.E. Jolly, 2006. Sociodemographic and environmental predictors of childhood stunting in rural Guatemala. Nutr. Res., 26: 65-70.
55. Serrano, E.L. and V.B. Jedda, 2009. Comparison of fast-food and non-fast-food children's menu items. J. Nutr. Educ. Behav., 41: 132-137.
56. Smith, L.C., M.T. Ruel and A. Ndiaye, 2005. Why is child malnutrition lower in urban than in rural areas? Evidence from 36 developing countries. World Dev., 3: 1285-1305.
57. Stenhammar, C, G.M. Olsson, S. Bahmanyar, A.L. Hulting, B. Wettergren, B. Edlund and S.M. Montgomery, 2010. Family stress and BMI in young children. Acta Paediatrica, 99: 1205-1212.
58. Taveras, E.M., T.J. Sandora, M. Shih, D. Ross-Degnan, D.A. Goldmann and M.W. Gillman, 2006. The association of television and video viewing with fast food intake by preschool age children. Obesity, 14: 2034-2041.
59. Taylor, A. W., H. Wmefield, L. Kettler, R. Roberts and T.K. Gill, 2011. A population study of 5 to 15 year olds: Full time maternal employment not associated with high BMI. The importance of screen-based activity, reading for pleasure and sleep duration in children's BMI. Matern. Child Health J. (In Press).
60. Timperio, A.F., K. Ball, R. Roberts, N. Andrianopoulos and D.A. Crawford, 2008. Children's takeaway fast-food intakes: Associations with the neighbourhood food environement. Public Health Nutr., 12: 1960-1964.
61. USAID, 2008. The demand for locally manufactured complementary food products among Palestinian caregivers. The USAID Micronutrient and Child Blindness Project, pp: 1-34, http://www.a2zproject.org/pdf/Complementary_feeding_study.pdf
62. Utter, J., R., Scragg, C.N. Mhurchu and D. Schaaf, 2007. At-home breakfast consumption among New Zealand children: Associations with body mass index and related nutrition behaviors. J. Am. Diet. Assoc, 107: 570-576.
63. Van de Poel, E., O. O'Donnell and E. Van Doorslaer, 2007. Are urban children really healthier? Evidence from 47 developing countries. Social Sci. Med., 65: 1986-2003.
64. Veghari, G.R., 2007. Assessment of physical growth among the under 6 years children in rural area in Gorgan, Iran. Pak. J. Nutr., 6: 252-255.
65. Vereecken, C. and L. Maes, 2010. Young children's dietary habits and associations with the mothers 'nutritional knowledge and attitudes. Appetite, 54: 44-51.
66. WHO, 2006. The WHO Child Growth Standards. World Health Organization, Geneva.
67. Wilson, N.C., W.R. Parnell, M. Wohlers and P.M. Shirley, 2006. Eating breakfast and its impact on children's daily diet. Nutr. Diet., 63: 15-20.