Foreign wars and domestic prejudice: How media exposure to the israeli-palestinian conflict predicts ethnic stereotyping by jewish and arab american adolescents

Journal of Research on Adolescence

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 556-570

  Huesmann, L Rowell ^a   Dubow, Eric F ^a,b   Boxer, Paul ^a,c   Souweidane, Violet ^a   Ginges, Jeremy ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^b BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c RUTGERS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d NEW SCHOOL FOR SOCIAL RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84865300132     PISSN: 10508392     EISSN: 15327795     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2012.00785.x     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Adams, G. R., & Marshall, S. K. (1996). A developmental social psychology of identity: Understanding the person-in-context. Journal of Adolescence, 19, 429-442.
2. Anderson, C. A., Berkowitz, L., Donnerstein, E., Huesmann, L. R., Johnson, J., Linz, D., Malamuth, N., & Wartella, E. (2003). The influence of media violence on youth. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4(3), 81-110.
3. Ashmore, R. D., Deaux, K., & McLaughlin-Volpe, T. (2004). An organizing framework for collective identity: Articulation and significance of multidimensionality. Psychological Bulletin, 130, 80-114.
4. Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84, 191-215.
5. Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social-cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
6. Bar-Tal, D., & Labin, D. (2001). The effect of a major event on stereotyping: Terrorist attacks in Israel and Israeli adolescents' perceptions of Palestinians, Jordanians and Arabs. European Journal of Social Psychology, 31, 265-280.
7. Berkowitz, L. (1990). On the formation and regulation of anger and aggression: A cognitive-neoassociationistic analysis. American Psychologist, 45, 494-503.
8. Brewer, M. B., & Gardner, W. L. (1996). Who is this "we"? Levels of collective identity and self representations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 83-93.
9. Brewer, M. B., & Weber, J. G. (1994). Self-evaluation effects of interpersonal versus intergroup social comparison. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 268-275.
10. Crick, N. R., & Dodge, K. A. (1994). A review and reformulation of social information processing mechanisms in children's adjustment. Psychological Bulletin, 115, 74-101.
11. Croucher, S. M., Oommen, D., Borton, I., Anarbaeva, S., & Turner, J. S. (2010). The influence of religiosity and ethnic identification on media use among Muslims and non-Muslims in France and Britain. Mass Communication and Society, 13, 314-334.
12. Dixon, T. L. (2008). Network news and racial beliefs: Exploring the connection between national television news exposure and stereotypical perceptions of African Americans. Journal of Communication, 58, 321-337.
13. Dovidio, J. F., Kawakami, K., & Johnson, C. (1997). On the nature of prejudice: Automatic and controlled processes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 33(5), 510-540.
14. Drury, J., & Reicher, S. D. (2000). Collective action and psychological change: The emergence of new social identities. British Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 579-604.
15. Dubow, E. G., Boxer, P., Huesmann, L. R., Shikaki, K., Landau, S., Gvirsman, S. D., & Ginges, J. (2010, June). Exposure to violence across contexts, social cognitions about aggression, and severe physical aggression among Palestinian and Israeli children. Paper presented at the Stockholm Criminology Symposium, Stockholm, Sweden.
16. Dubow, E. F., Huesmann, L. R., & Greenwood, D. (2007). Media and youth socialization: Underlying processes and moderators of effects. In J. E. Grusec & P. D. Hastings (Eds.), Handbook of socialization (pp. 404-430). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
17. Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York, NY: Norton.
18. Fiske, S. T., & Taylor, S. E. (1991). Social cognition (2nd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
19. Greenwald, A. G., & Banaji, M. R. (1995). Implicit social cognition: Attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102, 4-27.
20. Greenwald, A. G., Banaji, M. R., Rudman, L. R., Farnham, S. D., Nosek, B. A., & Mellott, D. S. (2002). A unified theory of implicit attitudes, stereotypes, self-esteem, and self-concept. Psychological Review, 109, 3-25.
21. Greenwald, A. G., McGhee, D. E., & Schwarz, A. G. (1998). Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The Implicit Association Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1464-1480.
22. Greenwald, A. G., Nosek, B. A., & Banaji, M. R. (2003). Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: I. An improved scoring algorithm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 197-216.
23. Guerra, N. G., & Huesmann, L. R. (2004). A cognitive-ecological model of aggression. Revue Internationale de Psychologie Sociale, 17, 177-203.
24. Huesmann, L. R. (1988). An information processing model for the development of aggression. Aggressive Behavior, 14, 13-24.
25. Huesmann, L. R. (1998). The role of social information processing and cognitive schemas in the acquisition and maintenance of habitual aggressive behavior. In R. G. Geen, & E. Donnerstein (Eds.), Human aggression: Theories, research, and implications for policy (pp. 73-109). New York: Academic Press.
26. Huesmann, L. R., & Eron, L. D. (1984). Cognitive processes and the persistence of aggressive behavior. Aggressive Behavior, 10, 243-251.
27. Huesmann, L. R., & Kirwil, L. (2007). Why observing violence increases the risk of violent behavior in the observer. In D. J. Flannery, A. T. Vazsonyi, & I. D. Waldman (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of violent behavior and aggression (pp. 545-570). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
28. Huesmann, L. R., Moise, J., Podolski, C. P., & Eron, L. D. (2003). Longitudinal relations between children's exposure to television violence and their aggressive and violent behavior in young adulthood: 1977-1992. Developmental Psychology, 39(2), 201-221.
29. Karpinski, A., & Hilton, J. L. (2001). Attitudes and the implicit association test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 774-788.
30. Kira, I. A., Templin, T., Lewandowski, L., Ramaswamy, V., Ozkan, B., & Mohanesh, J. (2008). The physical and mental health effects of Iraq war media exposure on Iraqi refugees. Journal of Muslim Mental Health, 3, 193-215.
31. Kunda, Z., & Spencer, S. (2003). When do stereotypes come to mind and when do they color judgment? A goal-based theoretical framework for stereotype activation and application. Psychological Bulletin, 129(4), 522-544.
32. Lett, M., DiPietro, A., & Johnson, D. (2004). Examining effects of television news violence on college students through cultivation theory. Communication Research Reports, 21(1), 39-46.
33. McFaul, A., Boxer, P., & Terranova, A. (2008). Investigating effects of identification with real-world aggressors and victims on the link between exposure to political violence in the news media and aggressive worldviews. American Journal of Media Psychology, 1, 61-75.
34. Meeus, J., Duriez, B., Vanbeselaere, N., & Boen, F. (2010). The role of national identity representation in the relation between in-group identification and out-group derogation: Ethnic versus civic representation. British Journal of Social Psychology, 49, 305-320.
35. Nisbet, E. C., Nisbet, M. C., Scheufele, D. A., & Shanahan, J. (2004). Public diplomacy, television news, and Muslim opinion. Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 9(2), 11-37.
36. Nisbett, R. E., & Wilson, T. D. (1977). Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes. Psychological Review, 84, 234-259.
37. Payne, B. K. (2001). Prejudice and perception: The role of automatic and controlled processes in misperceiving a weapon. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 181-192.
38. Phinney, J. S. (1990). Ethnic identity in adolescents and adults: A review of research. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 499-514.
39. Roberts, R., Phinney, J., Masse, L., Chen, Y., Roberts, C., & Romero, A. (1999). The structure of ethnic identity in young adolescents from diverse ethnocultural groups. Journal of Early Adolescence, 19, 301-322.
40. Rumelhart, D. E., Lindsay, P. H., & Norman, D. A. (1972). A process model for long-term memory. In E. Tulving & W. Donaldson (Eds.), Organization of memory (pp. 197-246). New York, NY: Academic Press.
41. Schwarz, N. (1999). Self-reports: How the questions shape the answers. American Psychologist, 54, 93-105.
42. Shamir, J., & Shikaki, K. (2002). Self-serving perceptions of terrorism among Israelis and Palestinians. Political Psychology, 23, 537-557.
43. Smith, S., & Wilson, B. (2002). Children's comprehension of and fear reactions to television news. Media Psychology, 4, 1-26.
44. Stryker, S., & Serpe, R. T. (1994). Identity salience and psychological centrality: Equivalent, overlapping, or complementary concepts? Social Psychology Quarterly, 57, 16-35.
45. Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1986). The social identity theory of inter-group behavior. In S. Worchel & L. W. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 7-24). Chicago, IL: Nelson-Hall.
46. Turner, J. C., Hogg, M. A., Oakes, P. J., Reicher, S. D., & Wetherell, M. S. (Eds.). (1987). Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorisation theory. Oxford, England: Blackwell.