Fluid outflow in a large-animal model of posttraumatic syringomyelia

Neurosurgery

Volumn 71, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 474-480

  Wong, Johnny ^a   Hemley, Sarah ^a   Jones, Nigel ^b   Cheng, Shaokoon ^c   Bilston, Lynne ^c   Stoodley, Marcus ^a  

^a MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

Author keywords

Animal model; Cerebrospinal fluid; Posttraumatic myelopathy; Syringomyelia

Indexed keywords

AMINO ACID; HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE; KAOLIN;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARACHNOIDITIS; ARTICLE; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID; CONTROLLED STUDY; EXTRACELLULAR SPACE; GRAY MATTER; MICROSCOPY; NEURAL TUBE; NONHUMAN; POSTTRAUMATIC COMPLICATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SHEEP; SPINAL CORD; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; SYRINGOMYELIA; ULTRASOUND SURGERY; WHITE MATTER;

ANIMALS; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; HUMANS; MALE; SHEEP; SPINAL CORD INJURIES; SUBDURAL EFFUSION; SYRINGOMYELIA;

EID: 84864289845     PISSN: 0148396X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e31825927d6     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Batzdorf U. Primary spinal syringomyelia: a personal perspective. Neurosurg Focus. 2000;8(3):E7.
2. Bonfield CM, Levi AD, Arnold PM, Okonkwo DO. Surgical management of posttraumatic syringomyelia. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010;35(21 suppl):S245-S258.
3. Brodbelt AR, Stoodley MA, Watling AM, Tu J, Watling AM. Fluid flow in an animal model of post-traumatic syringomyelia. Eur Spine J. 2003;12(3):300-306.
4. Carroll AM, Brackenridge P. Post-traumatic syringomyelia: a review of the cases presenting in a regional spinal injuries unit in the north east of England over a 5-year period. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005;30(10):1206-1210.
5. Brodbelt AR, Stoodley MA. Post-traumatic syringomyelia: a review. J Clin Neurosci. 2003;10(4):401-408.
6. el Masry WS, Biyani A. Incidence, management, and outcome of post-traumatic syringomyelia: in memory of Mr Bernard Williams. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1996;60(2):141-146.
7. Mariani C, Cislaghi MG, Barbieri S, et al. The natural history and results of surgery in 50 cases of syringomyelia. J Neurol. 1991;238(8):433-438.
8. Rossier AB, Foo D, Shillito J, Dyro FM. Posttraumatic cervical syringomyelia: incidence, clinical presentation, electrophysiological studies, syrinx protein and results of conservative and operative treatment. Brain. 1985;108(pt 2):439-461.
9. Schlesinger EB, Antunes JL, Michelsen WJ, Louis KM. Hydromyelia: clinical presentation and comparison of modalities of treatment. Neurosurgery. 1981;9(4): 356-365.
10. Schurch B, Wichmann W, Rossier AB. Post-traumatic syringomyelia (cystic myelopathy): a prospective study of 449 patients with spinal cord injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1996;60(1):61-67.
11. Klekamp J, Batzdorf U, Samii M, Bothe HW. Treatment of syringomyelia associated with arachnoid scarring caused by arachnoiditis or trauma. J Neurosurg. 1997;86(2):233-240.
12. Batzdorf U, Klekamp J, Johnson JP. A critical appraisal of syrinx cavity shunting procedures. J Neurosurg. 1998;89(3):382-388.
13. Lee TT, Alameda GJ, Camilo E, Green BA. Surgical treatment of post-traumatic myelopathy associated with syringomyelia. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001;26 (24 suppl):S119-S127.
14. Cacciola F, Capozza M, Perrini P, Benedetto N, Di Lorenzo N. Syringopleural shunt as a rescue procedure in patients with syringomyelia refractory to restoration of cerebrospinal fluid flow. Neurosurgery. 2009;65(3):471-476; discussion 476.
15. Lee TT, Alameda GJ, Gromelski EB, Green BA. Outcome after surgical treatment of progressive posttraumatic cystic myelopathy. J Neurosurg. 2000;92(2 suppl): 149-154.
16. Aghakhani N, Baussart B, David P, Lacroix C, Benoudiba F, Tadie M, Parker F. Surgical treatment of posttraumatic syringomyelia. Neurosurgery. 2010;66(6): 1120-1127; discussion 1127.
17. Sgouros S, Williams B.Management and outcome of posttraumatic syringomyelia. J Neurosurg. 1996;85(2):197-205.
18. Ball MJ, Dayan AD. Pathogenesis of syringomyelia. Lancet. 1972;2(7781): 799-801.
19. Gardner WJ, Angel J. The cause of syringomyelia and its surgical treatment. Cleve Clin Q. 1958;25(1):4-8.
20. Heiss JD, Patronas N, DeVroom HL, et al. Elucidating the pathophysiology of syringomyelia. J Neurosurg. 1999;91(4):553-562.
21. Koyanagi I, Houkin K. Pathogenesis of syringomyelia associated with Chiari type 1 malformation: review of evidences and proposal of a new hypothesis. Neurosurg Rev. 2010;33(3):271-284; discussion 284-285.
22. Milhorat TH, Miller JI, Johnson WD, Adler DE, Heger IM. Anatomical basis of syringomyelia occurring with hindbrain lesions. Neurosurgery. 1993;32(5):748-754; discussion 754.
23. Oldfield EH, Muraszko K, Shawker TH, Patronas NJ. Pathophysiology of syringomyelia associated with Chiari I malformation of the cerebellar tonsils: implications for diagnosis and treatment. J Neurosurg. 1994;80(1):3-15.
24. Williams B. On the pathogenesis of syringomyelia: a review. J R Soc Med. 1980;73 (11):798-806.
25. Stoodley MA, Jones NR, Yang L, Brown CJ. Mechanisms underlying the formation and enlargement of noncommunicating syringomyelia: experimental studies. Neurosurg Focus. 2000;8(3):E2.
26. Milhorat TH. Classification of syringomyelia. Neurosurg Focus. 2000;8(3):E1.
27. Greitz D. Unraveling the riddle of syringomyelia. Neurosurg Rev. 2006;29(4):251-263; discussion 264.
28. Stoodley MA, Gutschmidt B, Jones NR. Cerebrospinal fluid flow in an animal model of noncommunicating syringomyelia. Neurosurgery. 1999;44 (5):1065-1075; discussion 1075-1076.
29. Yang L, Jones NR, Stoodley MA, Blumbergs PC, Brown CJ. Excitotoxic model of post-traumatic syringomyelia in the rat. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001;26(17): 1842-1849.
30. Santoreneos S, Stoodley MA, Jones NR, Brown CJ. A technique for in vivo vascular perfusion fixation of the sheep central nervous system. J Neurosci Methods. 1998;79(2):195-199.
31. Sekhon LH, Fehlings MG. Epidemiology, demographics, and pathophysiology of acute spinal cord injury. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001;26(24 suppl):S2-12.
32. Biyani A, el Masry WS. Post-traumatic syringomyelia: a review of the literature. Paraplegia. 1994;32(11):723-731.
33. Honan WP,Williams B. Sensory loss in syringomyelia: not necessarily dissociated. J R Soc Med. 1993;86(9):519-520.
34. Nakamura M, Ishii K, Watanabe K, et al. Clinical significance and prognosis of idiopathic syringomyelia. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2009;22(5):372-375.
35. Todor DR, Mu HT, Milhorat TH. Pain and syringomyelia: a review. Neurosurg Focus. 2000;8(3):E11.
36. Ikata T, Masaki K, Kashiwaguchi S. Clinical and experimental studies on permeability of tracers in normal spinal cord and syringomyelia. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1988;13(7):737-741.
37. Brodbelt AR, Stoodley MA, Watling AM, Tu J, Burke S, Jones NR. Altered subarachnoid space compliance and fluid flow in an animal model of posttraumatic syringomyelia. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2003;28(20):E413-E419.
38. Stoodley MA, Brown SA, Brown CJ, Jones NR. Arterial pulsation-dependent perivascular cerebrospinal fluid flow into the central canal in the sheep spinal cord. J Neurosurg. 1997;86(4):686-693.
39. Bilston LE, Stoodley MA, Fletcher DF. The influence of the relative timing of arterial and subarachnoid space pulse waves on spinal perivascular cerebrospinal fluid flow as a possible factor in syrinx development. J Neurosurg. 2010;112(4): 808-813.
40. Klekamp J. The pathophysiology of syringomyelia: historical overview and current concept. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2002;144(7):649-664.
41. Levine DN. The pathogenesis of syringomyelia associated with lesions at the foramen magnum: a critical review of existing theories and proposal of a new hypothesis. J Neurol Sci. 2004;220(1-2):3-21.
42. Brodbelt AR, Stoodley MA, Watling A, et al. The role of excitotoxic injury in posttraumatic syringomyelia. J Neurotrauma. 2003;20(9):883-893.
43. Yezierski RP, Santana M, Park SH, Madsen PW. Neuronal degeneration and spinal cavitation following intraspinal injections of quisqualic acid in the rat. J Neurotrauma. 1993;10(4):445-456.
44. Cho KH, Iwasaki Y, Imamura H, Hida K, Abe H. Experimental model of posttraumatic syringomyelia: the role of adhesive arachnoiditis in syrinx formation. J Neurosurg. 1994;80(1):133-139.
45. Seki T, Fehlings MG.Mechanistic insights into posttraumatic syringomyelia based on a novel in vivo animal model: laboratory investigation. J Neurosurg Spine. 2008; 8(4):365-375.
46. Milhorat TH, Capocelli AL Jr, Anzil AP, Kotzen RM, Milhorat RH. Pathological basis of spinal cord cavitation in syringomyelia: analysis of 105 autopsy cases. J Neurosurg. 1995;82(5):802-812.
47. Stoodley MA, Jones NR, Brown CJ. Evidence for rapid fluid flow from the subarachnoid space into the spinal cord central canal in the rat. Brain Res. 1996; 707(2):155-164.
48. Rossi C, Boss A, Steidle G, et al. Water diffusion anisotropy in white and gray matter of the human spinal cord. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008;27(3):476-482.
49. Gottschalk A, Schmitz B, Mauer UM, et al. Dynamic visualization of arachnoid adhesions in a patient with idiopathic syringomyelia using high-resolution cine magnetic resonance imaging at 3T. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2010;32(1):218-222.
50. Bloch O, Manley GT. The role of aquaporin-4 in cerebral water transport and edema. Neurosurg Focus. 2007;22(5):E3.
51. Nesic O, Lee J, Ye Z, Unabia GC, Rafati D, Hulsebosch CE, Perez-Polo JR. Acute and chronic changes in aquaporin 4 expression after spinal cord injury. Neuroscience. 2006;143(3):779-792.
52. Nesic O, Guest JD, Zivadinovic D, et al. Aquaporins in spinal cord injury: the Janus face of aquaporin 4. Neuroscience. 2010;168(4):1019-1035.
53. Agre P, King LS, Yasui M, et al. Aquaporin water channels: from atomic structure to clinical medicine. J Physiol. 2002;542(pt 1):3-16.