Entrainment processes in the diurnal cycle of deep convection over land

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

Volumn 138, Issue 666, 2012, Pages 1135-1149

  Stirling, A J ^a   Stratton, R A ^a  

^a MET OFFICE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cloud resolving model; Convective parametrization; Detrainment

Indexed keywords

CLOUD RESOLVING MODEL; CLOUD-RESOLVING MODEL SIMULATIONS; CONVECTIVE PARAMETRIZATION; DEEP CONVECTION; DETRAINMENT; DIURNAL CYCLE; ENTRAINMENT PROCESS; ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS; GRADUAL TRANSITION; PARAMETRIZATIONS; SINGLE-COLUMN MODEL;

COMPUTER SIMULATION;

NATURAL CONVECTION;

ATMOSPHERIC CONVECTION; CLOUD; DIURNAL ACTIVITY; ENTRAINMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS; HUMIDITY; PARAMETERIZATION;

EID: 84864285898     PISSN: 00359009     EISSN: 1477870X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/qj.1868     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Bechtold P, Köhler M, Jung T, Doblas-Reyes F, Leutbecher M, Rodwell MJ, Vitart F, Balsamo G. 2008. Advances in simulating atmospheric variability with the ECMWF model: From synoptic to decadal time-scales. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 134: 1337-1351.
2. Del Genio AD, Wu J. 2010. The role of entrainment in the diurnal cycle of continental convection. J. Climate 23: 2722-2738.
3. Derbyshire SH, Beau I, Bechtold P, Grandpeix J-Y, Piriou J-M, Redelsperger J-L, Soares PMM. 2004. Sensitivity of moist convection to environmental humidity. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 130: 3055-3079.
4. Derbyshire SH, Maidens AV, Milton SF, Stratton RA, Willett MR. 2011. Adaptive detrainment in a convective parametrization. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 137: 1856-1871.
5. Devine GM, Carslaw KS, Parker DJ. 2006. The influence of subgrid surface-layer variability on vertical transport of a chemical species in a convective environment. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33: L15807.
6. Fletcher JK, Bretherton CS. 2010. Evaluating boundary layer based mass flux closures using cloud-resolving model simulations of deep convection. J. Atmos. Sci. 67: 2212-2225.
7. Grabowski WW, Bechtold P, Cheng A, Forbes R, Halliwell C, Khairoutdinov M, Lang S, Nasuno T, Petch J, Tao W-K, Wong R, Wu X, Xu K-M. 2006. Daytime convective development over land: A model intercomparison based on LBA observations. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 132: 317-344.
8. Gray MEB, Petch JC, Derbyshire SH, Brown AR, Lock AP, Swann HA, Brown PRA. 2001. 'Version 2.3 of the Met Office large-eddy model: Part II. Scientific documentation.' Turbulence Diffusion Note 276, Met Office: Exeter, UK.
9. Gregory D, Rowntree PR. 1990. A mass-flux convection scheme with representation of cloud ensemble characteristics and stability dependent closure. Mon. Weather Rev. 118: 1483-1506.
10. Kain JS. 2004. The Kain-Fritsch convective parameterization, an update. J. Appl. Meteorol. 43: 170-181.
11. Khairoutdinov MF, Randall DA. 2006. High resolution simulation of shallow-to-deep convection transition over land. J. Atmos. Sci. 63: 3421-3436.
12. Kuang Z, Bretherton CS. 2006. A mass-flux scheme view of a high-resolution simulation of a transition form shallow to deep cumulus convection. J. Atmos. Sci. 63: 1895-1909.
13. Martin GM, Milton SF, Senior CA, Brooks ME, Ineson S, Reichler T, Kim J. 2010. Analysis and reduction of systematic errors through a seamless approach to modelling weather and climate. J. Climate 23: 5933-5957.
14. Neggers RAJ, Koelher M, Beljaars ACM. 2009. A dual mass flux framework for boundary layer convection. Part I: Transport. J. Atmos. Sci. 66: 1465-1487.
15. Pereira LG, Rutledge SA. 2006. Diurnal cycle of shallow and deep convection for a tropical land and an ocean environment and its relationship to synoptic wind regimes. Mon. Weather Rev. 134: 2688-2701.
16. Petch JC, Blossey PN, Bretherton CS. 2008. Differences in the lower troposphere in two- and three- dimensional cloud-resolving model simulations of deep convection. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 134: 1941-1946.
17. Rio C, Hourdin F. 2008. A thermal plume model for the convective boundary layer: Representation of cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci. 65: 407-425.
18. Romps DM. 2010. A direct measure of entrainment. J. Atmos. Sci. 67: 1908-1927.
19. Siebesma AP, Bretherton CS, Brown A, Chlond A, Cuxart J, Duynkerke PG, Jiang H, Khairoutdinov M, Lewellen D, Moeng C-H, Sanchez E, Stevens B, Stevens DE. 2003. A large-eddy simulation intercomparison study of shallow cumulus convection. J. Atmos. Sci. 60: 1202-1219.
20. Simpson J. 1971. On cumulus entrainment and one-dimensional models. J. Atmos. Sci. 28: 449-455.
21. Stratton RA, Stirling AJ. 2011. Improving the diurnal cycle of convection in GCMs. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. DOI: 10.1002/qj.991.
22. Swann H. 2001. Evaluation of the mass-flux approach to parametrizing deep convection. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 127: 1239-1260.
23. Tompkins AM. 2001. Organization of tropical convection in low vertical wind shears: The role of cold pools. J. Atmos. Sci. 58: 1650-1672.
24. Wagner TM, Graaf H-F. 2010. An ensemble cumulus convection parameterisation with explicit cloud treatment. J. Atmos. Sci. 67: 3854-3869.
25. Willett MR, Milton SF. 2006. 'The tropical behaviour of the convective parametrization in aquaplanet simulations and the sensitivity to timestep'. Forecasting Technical Report No. 482, Met Office: Exeter, UK.
26. Yang G-Y, Slingo JM. 2001. The diurnal cycle in the Tropics. Mon. Weather Rev. 129: 784-801.
27. Zhang Y, Klein SA. 2010. Mechanisms affecting the transition from shallow to deep convection over land: Inferences from observations of the diurnal cycle collected at the ARM Southern Great Plains Site. J. Atmos. Sci. 67: 2943-2959.