Impact of tobacco control interventions on smoking initiation, cessation, and prevalence: A systematic review

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

Volumn 2012, Issue , 2012, Pages

  Wilson, Lisa M ^a   Avila Tang, Erika ^b,c   Chander, Geetanjali ^a   Hutton, Heidi E ^a   Odelola, Olaide A ^d   Elf, Jessica L ^b,c   Heckman Stoddard, Brandy M ^e   Bass, Eric B ^a,c   Little, Emily A ^a   Haberl, Elisabeth B ^a   Apelberg, Benjamin J ^b,c  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^d ALBERT EINSTEIN MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^e NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT HEALTH; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH HAZARD; HUMAN; MASS MEDIUM; MEDICAL INFORMATION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SMOKING CESSATION; SMOKING CESSATION PROGRAM; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TAX; TOBACCO; TOBACCO INDUSTRY; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ADVERTIZING; AGE; AGED; CHILD; ECONOMICS; FEMALE; HEALTH PROMOTION; LEGAL ASPECT; MALE; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; POLICY; SMOKING; STATISTICS;

NICOTIANA TABACUM;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ADVERTISING AS TOPIC; AGE FACTORS; AGED; CHILD; FEMALE; HEALTH PROMOTION; HUMANS; MALE; MASS MEDIA; MIDDLE AGED; PREVALENCE; PUBLIC POLICY; SMOKING; SMOKING CESSATION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84863707242     PISSN: 16879805     EISSN: 16879813     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2012/961724     Document Type: Review

References (154)

1. Mathers C. D., Loncar D., Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030 PLoS Medicine 2006 3 11 2011 2030 (Pubitemid 44875937)
2. Jha P., Ranson M. K., Nguyen S. N., Yach D., Estimates of global and regional smoking prevalence in 1995, by age and sex American Journal of Public Health 2002 92 6 1002 1006 (Pubitemid 34552906)
3. Lopez A. D., Collishaw N. E., Piha T., A descriptive model of the cigarette epidemic in developed countries Tobacco Control 1994 3 242 247
4. Health Organization World, WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. 2009, http://www.who.int/fctc/about/en/index.html
5. Health Organization World, WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008: The MPOWER Package 2008 Geneva, Switzerland World Health Organization
6. for Healthcare Research and Quality Agency, Methods Guide for Effectiveness and Comparative Effectiveness Reviews. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Rockville, Md, USA, AHRQ Publication No. 10(11)-EHC063-EF, March 2011, http://www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/methodsguide.cfm
7. Nonnemaker J. M., Farrelly M. C., Smoking initiation among youth: the role of cigarette excise taxes and prices by race/ethnicity and gender Journal of Health Economics 2011 30 3 560 567
8. Sen A., Wirjanto T., Estimating the impacts of cigarette taxes on youth smoking participation, initiation, and persistence: empirical evidence from Canada. Health Economics 2010 19 11 1264 1280
9. Cawley J., Markowitz S., Tauras J., Lighting up and slimming down: the effects of body weight and cigarette prices on adolescent smoking initiation Journal of Health Economics 2004 23 2 293 311 (Pubitemid 38333027)
10. Tauras J. A., Can public policy deter smoking escalation among young adults? Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 2005 24 4 771 784 (Pubitemid 41422787)
11. DeCicca P., Kenkel D., Mathios A., Putting out the fires: will higher taxes reduce the onset of youth smoking? Journal of Political Economy 2002 110 1 144 169 (Pubitemid 34186557)
12. Tauras J. A., Chaloupka F. J., Determinants of smoking cessation: an analysis of young adult men and women. NBER Working Paper No. 7262, 1999
13. Grossman M., Individual behaviours and substance use: the role of price. Advances in Health Economics and Health Services Research 2005 16 15 39
14. Tauras J. A., Chaloupka F. J., Price, clean indoor air, cigarette smoking: evidence from longitudinal data for young adults. NBER Working Paper No. 6937, 1999
15. Kostova D., Ross H., Blecher E., Markowitz S., Is youth smoking responsive to cigarette prices? Evidence from low- and middle-income countries Tobacco Control 2011 20 419 424
16. White V. M., Warne C. D., Spittal M. J., Durkin S., Purcell K., Wakefield M. A., What impact have tobacco control policies, cigarette price and tobacco control programme funding had on Australian adolescents' smoking? Findings over a 15-year period Addiction 2011 106 8 1493 1502
17. Carpenter C., Cook P. J., Cigarette taxes and youth smoking: new evidence from national, state, and local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys Journal of Health Economics 2008 27 2 287 299
18. Ding A., Youth are more sensitive to price changes in cigarettes than adults Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 2003 76 16 115 124 (Pubitemid 40990781)
19. Waller B. J., Cohen J. E., Ferrence R., Bull S., Adlaf E. M., The early 1990s cigarette price decrease and trends in youth smoking in Ontario Canadian Journal of Public Health 2003 94 1 31 35 (Pubitemid 36157506)
20. Gruber J., Youth smoking in the US: prices and policies. NBER Working Paper No. 7506, 2000
21. Chaloupka F. J., Pacula R. L., Limiting youth access to tobacco: the early impact of the synar amendment on youth smoking. Working Paper, Department of Economics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1998
22. Ross H., Blecher E., Yan L., Hyland A., Do cigarette prices motivate smokers to quit? New evidence from the ITC survey Addiction 2011 106 3 609 619
23. Saenz-de-Miera B., Thrasher J. F., Chaloupka F. J., Waters H. R., Hernandez-Avila M., Fong G. T., Self-reported price of cigarettes, consumption and compensatory behaviours in a cohort of Mexican smokers before and after a cigarette tax increase Tobacco control 2010 19 6 481 487
24. Hanewinkel R., Isensee B., Five in a row-Reactions of smokers to tobacco tax increases: population-based cross-sectional studies in Germany 20012006 Tobacco Control 2007 16 1 34 37
25. Franz G. A., Price effects on the smoking behaviour of adult age groups Public Health 2008 122 12 1343 1348
26. Reed M. B., Anderson C. M., Vaughn J. W., Burns D. M., The effect of cigarette price increases on smoking cessation in California Prevention Science 2008 9 1 47 54
27. Wakefield M. A., Durkin S., Spittal M. J., Siahpush M., Scollo M., Simpson J. A., Chapman S., White V., Hill D., Impact of tobacco control policies and mass media campaigns on monthly adult smoking prevalence American Journal of Public Health 2008 98 8 1443 1450
28. Azagba S., Sharaf M., Cigarette taxes and smoking participation: evidence from recent tax increases in Canada International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2011 8 5 1583 1600
29. Lance P. M., Akin J. S., Dow W. H., Loh C. P., Is cigarette smoking in poorer nations highly sensitive to price? Evidence from Russia and China Journal of Health Economics 2004 23 1 173 189 (Pubitemid 38199907)
30. Siahpush M., Wakefield M. A., Spittal M. J., Durkin S. J., Scollo M. M., Taxation reduces social disparities in adult smoking prevalence American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2009 36 4 285 291
31. DeCicca P., McLeod L., Cigarette taxes and older adult smoking: evidence from recent large tax increases Journal of Health Economics 2008 27 4 918 929
32. Franks P., Jerant A. F., Leigh J. P., Lee D., Chiem A., Lewis I., Lee S., Cigarette prices, smoking, and the poor: implications of recent trends American Journal of Public Health 2007 97 10 1873 1877 (Pubitemid 351182300)
33. Sloan F. A., Trogdon J. G., The impact of the master settlement agreement on cigarette consumption Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 2004 23 4 843 855 (Pubitemid 39332669)
34. Gallus S., Fernandez E., Townsend J., Schiaffino A., La Vecchia C., Price and consumption of tobacco in Italy over the last three decades European Journal of Cancer Prevention 2003 12 4 333 337 (Pubitemid 36994090)
35. Scollo M., Younie S., Wakefield M., Freeman J., Icasiano F., Impact of tobacco tax reforms on tobacco prices and tobacco use in Australia Tobacco Control 2003 12 supplement 2 59 66
36. van Walbeek C., Recent trends in smoking prevalence in South Africasome evidence from AMPS data South African Medical Journal 2002 92 6 468 472
37. Farrelly M. C., Bray J. W., Pechacek T., Woollery T., Response by adults to increases in cigarette prices by sociodemographic characteristics Southern Economic Journal 2001 68 1 156 165
38. Bogdanovica I., Murray R., McNeill A., Britton J., Cigarette price, affordability and smoking prevalence in the European Union Addiction 2012 107 188 196
39. Jimenez-Ruiz J. A., Saenz de Miera B., Reynales-Shigematsu L. M., Waters H. R., Hernandez-Avila M., The impact of taxation on tobacco consumption in Mexico Tobacco Control 2008 17 105 110
40. Hu T. W., Mao Z., Shi J., Chen W., The role of taxation in tobacco control and its potential economic impact in China Tobacco Control 2010 19 1 58 64
41. Hawkins S. S., Cole T. J., Law C., Examining smoking behaviours among parents from the UK millennium cohort study after the smoke-free legislation in Scotland Tobacco Control 2011 20 2 112 118
42. Klein E. G., The unintended consequences of clean indoor air policies in Minnesota Dissertation Abstracts International B 2008 68 9
43. Biener L., Hamilton W. L., Siegel M., Sullivan E. M., Individual, Social-normative, and policy predictors of smoking cessation: a multilevel longitudinal analysis American Journal of Public Health 2010 100 3 547 554
44. Hyland A., Hassan L. M., Higbee C., Boudreau C., Fong G. T., Borland R., Cummings K. M., Yan M., Thompson M. E., Hastings G., The impact of smokefree legislation in Scotland: results from the Scottish ITC Scotland/UK longitudinal surveys European Journal of Public Health 2009 19 2 198 205
45. Bauza-Amengual M. de L., Blasco-Gonzalez M., Sanchez-Vazquez E., Pereiro-Berenguer I., Ruiz-Varea N., Pericas-Beltran J., Impact of the Tobacco Law on the workplace: a follow up study of a cohort of workers in Spain 20052007 Aten Primaria 2010 42 309 313
46. Murphy J. M., De Moreno S. L., Cummings K. M., Hyland A., Mahoney M. C., Changes in cigarette smoking, purchase patterns, and cessation-related behaviors among low-income smokers in New York state from 2002 to 2005 Journal of Public Health Management and Practice 2010 16 4 277 284
47. Orbell S., Lidierth P., Henderson C. J., Geeraert N., Uller C., Uskul A. K., Kyriakaki M., Social-cognitive beliefs, alcohol, and tobacco use: a prospective community study of change following a ban on smoking in public places Health Psychology 2009 28 6 753 761
48. Martinez-Sanchez J. M., Fernandez E., Fu M., Impact of the Spanish smoking law in smoker hospitality workers Nicotine Tobacco Research 2009 11 1099 1106
49. Fowkes F. J. I., Stewart M. C. W., Fowkes F. G. R., Amos A., Price J. F., Scottish smoke-free legislation and trends in smoking cessation Addiction 2008 103 11 1888 1895
50. De Chaisemartin C., Geoffard P. Y., Le Faou A. L., Workplace smoking ban effects on unhappy smokers Health Economics 2011 20 1043 1055
51. Hahn E. J., Rayens M. K., Ridner S. L., Butler K. M., Zhang M., Staten R. R., Smoke-free laws and smoking and drinking among college students Journal of Community Health 2010 35 5 503 511
52. Hahn E. J., Rayens M. K., Butler K. M., Zhang M., Durbin E., Steinke D., Smoke-free laws and adult smoking prevalence Preventive Medicine 2008 47 2 206 209
53. Lemstra M., Neudorf C., Opondo J., Implications of a public smoking ban Canadian Journal of Public Health 2008 99 1 62 65
54. Klein E. G., Forster J. L., Erickson D. J., Lytle L. A., Schillo B., The relationship between local clean indoor air policies and smoking behaviours in minnesota youth Tobacco Control 2009 18 2 132 137
55. Gallus S., Zuccaro P., Colombo P., Apolone G., Pacifici R., Garattini S., La Vecchia C., Effects of new smoking regulations in Italy Annals of Oncology 2006 17 2 346 347 (Pubitemid 43160128)
56. Guerrero F., Santonja F. J., Villanueva R. J., Analysing the Spanish smoke-free legislation of 2006: a new method to quantify its impact using a dynamic model International Journal of Drug Policy 2011 22 4 247 251
57. Mackay D. F., Haw S., Pell J. P., Impact of Scottish smoke-free legislation on smoking quit attempts and prevalence PLoS One 2011 6
58. Mullally B. J., Greiner B. A., Allwright S., Paul G., Perry I. J., The effect of the Irish smoke-free workplace legislation on smoking among bar workers European Journal of Public Health 2009 19 2 206 211
59. Galan I., Mata N., Estrada C., Impact of the Tobacco control law on exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in Spain BMC Public Health 2007 7, article 224
60. Haw S. J., Gruer L., Changes in exposure of adult non-smokers to secondhand smoke after implementation of smoke-free legislation in Scotland: National Cross sectional survey British Medical Journal 2007 335 7619 549 552 (Pubitemid 47477686)
61. Lee J. T., Glantz S. A., Millett C., Effect of smoke-free legislation on adult smoking behaviour in England in the 18 months following implementation PLoS One 2011 6 6
62. Elton P. J., Campbell P., Smoking prevalence in a north-west town following the introduction of Smoke-free England Journal of Public Health 2008 30 4 415 420
63. Anger S., Kvasnicka M., Siedler T., One last puff? Public smoking bans and smoking behavior Journal of Health Economics 2011 30 3 591 601
64. Verdonk-Kleinjan W. M., Candel M. J., Knibbe R. A., Willemsen M. C., de Vries H., Effects of a workplace-smoking ban in combination with tax increases on smoking in the Dutch population Nicotine Tobacco Research 2011 13 412 418
65. Bitler M. P., Carpenter C., Zavodny M., Smoking restrictions in bars and bartender smoking in the US, 19922007 Tobacco Control 2011 20 3 196 200
66. Bitler M. P., Carpenter C. S., Zavodny M., Effects of venue-specific state clean indoor air laws on smoking-related outcomes Health Economics 2010 19 12 1425 1440
67. Galdurz J. C. F., Fonseca A. M., Noto A. R., Carlini E. A., Decrease in tobacco use among Brazilian students: a possible consequence of the ban on cigarette advertising? Addictive Behaviors 2007 32 6 1309 1313 (Pubitemid 46505318)
68. Fielding R., Chee Y. Y., Choi K. M., Chu T. K., Kato K., Lam S. K., Sin K. L., Tang K. T., Wong H. M., Wong K. M., Declines in tobacco brand recognition and ever-smoking rates among young children following restrictions on tobacco advertisements in Hong Kong Journal of Public Health 2004 26 1 24 30 (Pubitemid 38788597)
69. Borland R., Tobacco health warnings and smoking-related cognitions and behaviours Addiction 1997 92 11 1427 1435 (Pubitemid 27499555)
70. Borland R., Yong H. H., Wilson N., Fong G. T., Hammond D., Cummings K. M., Hosking W., McNeill A., How reactions to cigarette packet health warnings influence quitting: findings from the ITC Four-Country survey Addiction 2009 104 4 669 675
71. Gospodinov N., Irvine I. J., Global health warnings on tobacco packaging: evidence from the Canadian experiment Topics in Economic Analysis and Policy 2004 4 1 829 851 (Pubitemid 40210324)
72. Linkenbach J. W., Perkins H. W., Perkins H. W., MOST of us are tobacco free: an eight-month social norms campaign reducing youth initiation of smoking in Montana The Social Norms Approach to Preventing School and College Age Substance Abuse: A Handbook for Educators, Counselors, and Clinicians 2003 San Francisco, Calif, USA Jossey-Bass 224 234
73. Flynn B. S., Worden J. K., Secker-Walker R. H., Pirie P. L., Badger G. J., Carpenter J. H., Long-term responses of higher and lower risk youths to smoking prevention interventions Preventive Medicine 1997 26 3 389 394 (Pubitemid 27200475)
74. Hafstad A., Aar L. E., Engeland A., Andersen A., Langmark F., Stray-Pedersen B., Provocative appeals in anti-smoking mass media campaigns targeting adolescentsthe accumulated effect of multiple exposures Health Education Research 1997 12 2 227 236 (Pubitemid 27263086)
75. Farrelly M. C., Nonnemaker J., Davis K. C., Hussin A., The influence of the National Truth campaign on smoking initiation American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2009 36 5 379 384
76. Ronda G., Van Assema P., Candel M., Ruland E., Steenbakkers M., Van Ree J., Brug J., The Dutch Heart Health Community Intervention Hartslag Limburg: effects on smoking behaviour European Journal of Public Health 2004 14 2 191 193 (Pubitemid 38821584)
77. Steenkamp H. J., Jooste P. L., Jordaan P. C. J., Swanepoel A. S. P., Rossouw J. E., Changes in smoking during a community-based cardiovascular disease intervention programme. The Coronary Risk Factor Study South African Medical Journal 1991 79 5 250 253
78. Farrelly M. C., Davis K. C., Haviland M. L., Messeri P., Healton C. G., Evidence of a dose-response relationship between truth antismoking ads and youth smoking prevalence American Journal of Public Health 2005 95 3 425 431 (Pubitemid 40315117)
79. Sly D. F., Heald G. R., Ray S., The Florida truth anti-tobacco media evaluation: design, first year results, and implications for planning future state media evaluations Tobacco Control 2001 10 1 9 15 (Pubitemid 33720561)
80. Solomon L. J., Bunn J. Y., Flynn B. S., Pirie P. L., Worden J. K., Ashikaga T., Mass media for smoking cessation in adolescents Health Education and Behavior 2009 36 4 642 659
81. Terry-McElrath Y. M., Emery S., Wakefield M. A., O'Malley P. M., Szczypka G., Johnston L. D., Effects of tobacco-related media campaigns on smoking among 2030-year-old adults: longitudinal data from the USA. Tobacco Control. In press
82. Burns E. K., Levinson A. H., Reaching spanish-speaking smokers: state-level evidence of untapped potential for quitLine utilization American Journal of Public Health 2010 100 1 S165 S170
83. Flynn B. S., Worden J. K., Bunn J. Y., Solomon L. J., Ashikaga T., Connolly S. W., Ramirez A. G., Mass media interventions to reduce youth smoking prevalence American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2010 39 1 53 62
84. Arunatilake N., An economic analysis of tobacco demand in Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Economic Journal 2002 3 1 96 120
85. Chaloupka F. J., Hu T., Warner K. E., Jacobs R., Yurekli A., Jha P., Chaloupka F., The taxation of tobacco products Tobacco Control in Developing Countries 2000 New York, NY, USA Oxford University Press 237 272
86. IARC Handbooks of Cancer Prevention, Tobacco Control, Vol. 13: Evaluating the effectiveness of smoke-free policies 2009 Lyon, France International Agency for Research on Cancer
87. of Medicine Institute, Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects: Making Sense of the Evidence 2009 Washington, DC, USA The National Academies Press
88. Warner K., Tobacco Control Policy 2006 San Francisco, Calif, USA Jossey-Bass
89. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service Centers for Disease Control and Prevention U.S., Preventing tobacco use among young people: a report of the Surgeon General 1994 Washington, DC, USA U.S. Government Printing Office
90. Cancer Institute National, Smoking and Tobacco Control Monograph 14 Bethesda, Md, USA US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health
91. DiFranza J. R., Wellman R. J., Sargent J. D., Weitzman M., Hipple B. J., Winickoff J. P., Tobacco promotion and the initiation of tobacco use: assessing the evidence for causality Pediatrics 2006 117 6 e1237 e1248
92. Brown A., Moodie C., The influence of tobacco marketing on adolescent smoking intentions via normative beliefs Health Education Research 2009 24 4 721 733
93. Wellman R. J., Sugarman D. B., DiFranza J. R., Winickoff J. P., The extent to which tobacco marketing and tobacco use in films contribute to children's use of tobacco: a meta-analysis Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2006 160 12 1285 1296 (Pubitemid 44901692)
94. Saffer H., Chaloupka F., The effect of tobacco advertising bans on tobacco consumption Journal of Health Economics 2000 19 6 1117 1137
95. Hammond D., Fong G. T., McNeill A., Borland R., Cummings K. M., Effectiveness of cigarette warning labels in informing smokers about the risks of smoking: Findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey Tobacco Control 2006 15 3 19 25
96. Hammond D., Fong G. T., Borland R., Cummings K. M., McNeill A., Driezen P., Text and graphic warnings on cigarette packages: findings from the international tobacco control four country study American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2007 32 3 202 209 (Pubitemid 46216744)
97. of Medicine Institute, Ending the Tobacco Problem: A Blueprint for the Nation 2007 Washington, DC, USA The National Academies Press
98. Thrasher J. F., Hammond D., Fong G. T., Arillo-Santilln E., Smokers' reactions to cigarette package warnings with graphic imagery and with only text: a comparison between Mexico and Canada Salud Publica de Mexico 2007 49 2 S233 S240
99. Hammond D., McDonald P. W., Fong G. T., Brown K. S., Cameron R., The impact of cigarette warning labels and smoke-free bylaws on smoking cessation: evidence from former smokers Canadian Journal of Public Health 2004 95 3 201 204 (Pubitemid 38967884)
100. White V., Webster B., Wakefield M., Do graphic health warning labels have an impact on adolescents' smoking-related beliefs and behaviours? Addiction 2008 103 9 1562 1571
101. Hammond D., Fong G. T., McDonald P. W., Cameron R., Brown K. S., Impact of the graphic Canadian warning labels on adult smoking behaviour Tobacco Control 2003 12 4 391 395 (Pubitemid 39452040)
102. Fathelrahman A. I., Omar M., Awang R., Borland R., Fong G. T., Hammond D., Zain Z., Smokers' responses toward cigarette pack warning labels in predicting quit intention, stage of change, and self-efficacy Nicotine and Tobacco Research 2009 11 3 248 253
103. Cancer Institute National, The Role of the Media in Promoting and Reducing Tobacco Use 2008 Bethesda, Md, USA U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute Tobacco Control Monograph No. 19
104. Wakefield M., Flay B., Nichter M., Giovino G., Role of the media in influencing trajectories of youth smoking Addiction 2003 98 1 79 103 (Pubitemid 36605693)
105. Farrelly M. C., Niederdeppe J., Yarsevich J., Youth tobacco prevention mass media campaigns: past, present, and future directions Tobacco Control 2003 12 35 47
106. Farrelly M. C., Healton C. G., Davis K. C., Messeri P., Hersey J. C., Haviland M. L., Getting to the truth: evaluating national tobacco countermarketing campaigns American Journal of Public Health 2002 92 6 901 907 (Pubitemid 34552885)
107. Hopkins D. P., Briss P. A., Ricard C. J., Husten C. G., Carande-Kulis V. G., Fielding J. E., Alao M. O., McKenna J. W., Sharp D. J., Harris J. R., Woollery T. A., Harris K. W., Reviews of evidence regarding interventions to reduce tobacco use and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (Structured abstract) American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2001 20 2 16 66 (Pubitemid 33732959)
108. Bala M., Strzeszynski L., Cahill K., Mass media interventions for smoking cessation in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008 1
109. Cancer Institute National, Evaluating ASSIST: A Blueprint for Understanding State-level Tobacco Control 2006 Bethesda, Md, USA U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute Tobacco Control Monograph No. 17
110. Frieden T. R., Mostashari F., Kerker B. D., Miller N., Hajat A., Frankel M., Adult tobacco use levels after intensive tobacco control measures: New York City, 2002-2003 American Journal of Public Health 2005 95 6 1016 1023 (Pubitemid 40740715)
111. Department of Public Health and California Tobacco Control Program California, California Tobacco Control Update 2009: 20 Years of Tobacco Control in California. Sacramento, Calif, USA, 2009
112. Levy D. T., Mumford E. A., Gerlowski D. A., Examining trends in quantity smoked Nicotine and Tobacco Research 2007 9 12 1287 1296 (Pubitemid 350215061)
113. Sung H. Y., Hu T. W., Ong M., Keeler T. E., Sheu M. L., A major state tobacco tax increase, the master settlement agreement, and cigarette consumption: the California experience American Journal of Public Health 2005 95 6 1030 1035 (Pubitemid 40740717)
114. Stehr M., Cigarette tax avoidance and evasion Journal of Health Economics 2005 24 2 277 297 (Pubitemid 40249768)
115. Response to increases in cigarette prices by race/ethnicity, income, and age groupsUnited States, 19761993 Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 1998 47 605 609
116. Meier K. J., Licari M. J., The effect of cigarette taxes on cigarette consumption, 1955 through 1994 American Journal of Public Health 1997 87 7 1126 1130 (Pubitemid 27311404)
117. Hu T. W., Sung H. Y., Keeler T. E., Reducing cigarette consumption in California: tobacco taxes vs an anti-smoking media campaign American Journal of Public Health 1995 85 9 1218 1222
118. Keeler T. E., Hu T. W., Barnett P. G., Manning W. G., Taxation, regulation, and addiction: a demand function for cigarettes based on time-series evidence Journal of Health Economics 1993 12 1 1 18 (Pubitemid 23183892)
119. Flewelling R. L., Kenney E., Elder J. P., Pierce J., Johnson M., Bal D. G., First-year impact of the 1989 California cigarette tax increase on cigarette consumption American Journal of Public Health 1992 82 6 867 869
120. Peterson D. E., Zeger S. L., Remington P. L., Anderson H. A., The effect of state cigarette tax increases on cigarette sales, 1955 to 1988 American Journal of Public Health 1992 82 1 94 96
121. Hu T. W., Sung H. Y., Keeler T. E., The state antismoking campaign and the industry response: the effects of advertising on cigarette consumption in California The American economic review 1995 85 2 85 90
122. Sung H.-Y., Hu T.-W., Keeler T. E., Cigarette taxation and demand: an empirical model Contemporary Economic Policy 1994 12 3 91 100
123. Keeler T. E., Hu T. W., Manning W. G., Sung H. Y., State tobacco taxation, education and smoking: controlling for the effects of omitted variables National Tax Journal 2001 54 1 83 102 (Pubitemid 33610118)
124. Keeler T. E., Hu T. W., Ong M., Sung H. Y., The US national Tobacco Settlement: the effects of advertising and price changes on cigarette consumption Applied Economics 2004 36 15 1623 1629 (Pubitemid 39080996)
125. Baltagi B. H., Levin D., Cigarette taxation: raising revenues and reducing consumption Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 1992 3 2 321 335
126. Blecher E., The impact of tobacco advertising bans on consumption in developing countries Journal of Health Economics 2008 27 4 930 942
127. Stewart M. J., The effect on tobacco consumption of advertising bans in OECD countries International Journal of Advertising 1993 12 2 155 181
128. Guindon E., Perucic A. M., Boisclair D., Higher tobacco prices and taxes in South-east Asia: an effective tool to reduce tobacco use, save lives and generate revenue. World Bank. Health, Nutrition and Population Discussion Paper 11. Economics of Tobacco Control, 2003
129. Farrelly M. C., Nimsch C. T., Hyland A., Cummings M., The effects of higher cigarette prices on tar and nicotine consumption in a cohort of adult smokers Health Economics 2004 13 1 49 58 (Pubitemid 38100650)
130. Gruber J., Sen A., Stabile M., Estimating price elasticities when there is smuggling: the sensitivity of smoking to price in Canada Journal of Health Economics 2003 22 5 821 842 (Pubitemid 37011157)
131. Galbraith J. W., Kaiserman M., Taxation, smuggling and demand for cigarettes in Canada: evidence from time-series data Journal of Health Economics 1997 16 3 287 301 (Pubitemid 27293312)
132. Mummery W. K., Hagen L. C., Tobacco pricing, taxation, consumption and revenue: Alberta 19851995 Canadian Journal of Public Health 1996 87 5 314 316 (Pubitemid 26395033)
133. Reinhardt F. S., Giles D. E. A., Are cigarette bans really good economic policy? Applied Economics 2001 33 11 1365 1368 (Pubitemid 32804774)
134. Bardsley P., Olekalns N., Cigarette and tobacco consumption: have anti-smoking policies made a difference? Economic Record 1999 75 230 225 240 (Pubitemid 30107065)
135. Szilgyi T., Higher cigarette Taxeshealthier people, wealthier state: the Hungarian experience Central European Journal of Public Health 2007 15 3 122 126
136. Hanewinkel R., Radden C., Rosenkranz T., Price increase causes fewer sales of factory-made cigarettes and higher sales of cheaper loose tobacco in Germany Health Economics 2008 17 6 683 693 (Pubitemid 351983393)
137. Lee J. M., Liao D. S., Ye C. Y., Liao W. Z., Effect of cigarette tax increase on cigarette consumption in Taiwan Tobacco Control 2005 14 1 71 75
138. Fernandez E., Gallus S., Schiaffino A., Price and consumption of tobacco in Spain over the period 19652000 European Journal of Cancer Prevention 2004 13 207 211 (Pubitemid 38780677)
139. Borren P., Sutton M., Are increases in cigarette taxation regressive? Health economics 1992 1 4 245 253
140. Chapman S., Richardson J., Tobacco excise and declining tobacco consumption: the case of Papua New Guinea American Journal of Public Health 1990 80 5 537 540 (Pubitemid 20149889)
141. Mao Z. Z., Xiang J. L., Kon Z. P., Demand for cigarette and pricing policy Chinese Health Economics 1997 16 6 50 52
142. Djutaharta T., Viriya-Surya H., Haidy N., Pasay A., Moertiningsih- Adioetomo H., Moertiningsih-Adioetomo S., Aggregate analysis of the impact of cigarette tax rate increases on tobacco consumption and governement revenue. The case of Indonesia. HNP Discussion Paper. Economics of Tobacco Control. Indonesia: World Bank, Paper No. 25, 2005
143. Michie S., van Stralen M. M., West R., The behaviour change wheel: a new method for characterising and designing behaviour change interventions Implementation Science 2011 6 1, article no. 42
144. Gospodinov N., Irvine I., Tobacco taxes and regressivity Journal of Health Economics 2009 28 2 375 384
145. Bauman K. E., LaPrelle J., Brown J. D., Koch G. G., Padgett C. A., The influence of three mass media campaigns on variables related to adolescent cigarette smoking: results of a field experiment American Journal of Public Health 1991 81 5 597 604
146. Durkin S. J., Biener L., Wakefield M. A., Effects of different types of antismoking ads on reducing disparities in smoking cessation among socioeconomic subgroups American Journal of Public Health 2009 99 12 2217 2223
147. Hyland A., Wakefield M., Higbee C., Szczypka G., Cummings K. M., Anti-tobacco television advertising and indicators of smoking cessation in adults: a cohort study Health Education Research 2006 21 3 348 354 (Pubitemid 43966716)
148. McVey D., Stapleton J., Can anti-smoking television advertising affect smoking behaviour? Controlled trial of the health education authority for England's anti-smoking TV campaign Tobacco Control 2000 9 3 273 282
149. Flynn B. S., Worden J. K., Secker-Walker R. H., Badger G. J., Geller B. M., Cigarette smoking prevention effects of mass media and school interventions targeted to gender and age groups Journal of Health Education 1995 26 2 S45 S51
150. Worden J. K., Flynn B. S., Solomon L. J., Secker-Walker R. H., Badger G. J., Carpenter J. H., Using mass media to prevent cigarette smoking among adolescent girls Health Education and Behavior 1996 23 4 453 468
151. Flynn B. S., Worden J. K., Secker-Walker R. H., Badger G. J., Geller B. M., Costanza M. C., Prevention of cigarette smoking through mass media intervention and school programs American Journal of Public Health 1992 82 6 827 834
152. Flynn B. S., Worden J. K., Secker-Walker R. H., Pirie P. L., Badger G. J., Carpenter J. H., Geller B. M., Mass media and school interventions for cigarette smoking prevention: effects 2 years after completion American Journal of Public Health 1994 84 7 1148 1150 (Pubitemid 24242490)
153. Worden J. K., Flynn B. S., Hornik R. C., Using mass media to prevent cigarette smoking Public Health Communication: Evidence for Behavior Change 2002 Mahwah, NJ, USA Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 23 33
154. Meshack A. F., Hu S., Pallonen U. E., McAlister A. L., Gottlieb N., Huang P., Texas tobacco prevention pilot initiative: processes and effects Health Education Research 2004 19 6 657 668 (Pubitemid 39648122)