Concentric eyewall formation in typhoon sinlaku (2008). part I: Assimilation of T-PARC data based on the ensemble kalman filter (enkf)

Monthly Weather Review

Volumn 140, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 506-527

  Wu, Chun Chieh ^a   Huang, Yi Hsuan ^a   Lien, Guo Yuan ^a  

^a NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Data assimilation; Ensembles; Model initialization; Tropical cyclones

Indexed keywords

DATA ASSIMILATION; DATA SETS; DYNAMICAL ANALYSIS; DYNAMICAL PROCESS; ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; ENSEMBLES; EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION; EYEWALL; MEASUREMENT DATA; MODEL INITIALIZATION; OBSERVING SYSTEMS; SCIENTIFIC ISSUES; STRUCTURE CHANGE; SURFACE WINDS; TROPICAL CYCLONE; WEATHER RESEARCH AND FORECASTING MODELS;

HURRICANES; KALMAN FILTERS; RESEARCH; WEATHER FORECASTING;

DATA PROCESSING;

DATA ASSIMILATION; ENSEMBLE FORECASTING; KALMAN FILTER; SURFACE WIND; TROPICAL CYCLONE; VORTEX FLOW; WEATHER FORECASTING;

EID: 84863122132     PISSN: 00270644     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-11-00057.1     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Abarca, S. F., and K. L. Corbosiero, 2011: Secondary eyewall formation in WRF simulations of Hurricanes Rita and Katrina (2005).Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L07802, doi:10.1029/2011GL047015.
2. Black, M. L., and H. E. Willoughby, 1992: The concentric eyewall cycle of Hurricane Gilbert. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 947-957.
3. Brunet, G., and M. T. Montgomery, 2002: Vortex Rossby waves on smooth circular vortices. Part I: Theory. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans,35, 153-177.
4. Chen, Y., and M. K. Yau, 2001: Spiral bands in a simulated hurricane. Part I: Vortex Rossby wave verification. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 2128-2145.
5. Chen, Y, and C. Snyder, 2007: Assimilating vortex position with an ensemble Kalman filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 1828-1845.
6. Chen, Y, G. Brunet, and M. K. Yau, 2003: Spiral bands in a simulated hurricane. Part II: Wave activity diagnostics. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 1239-1256.
7. Chou, K.-H., C.-C. Wu, P.-H. Lin, S. D. Aberson, M. Weissmann, F. Harnisch, and T. Nakazawa, 2011: The impact of dropwindsonde observations on typhoon track forecasts in DOTSTAR and T-PARC. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 1728-1743.
8. Corbosiero, K. L., J. Molinari, A. R. Aiyyer, and M. L. Black, 2006: The structure and evolution of Hurricane Elena (1985). Part II: Convective asymmetries and evidence for vortex Rossby waves. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 3073-3091.
9. Dritschel, D. G., and D. Waugh, 1992: Quantification of the inelastic interaction of unequal vortices in two-dimensional vortex dynamics. Phys. Fluids, 4A, 1737-1744.
10. Dudhia, J., 1989: Numerical study of convection observed during the Winter Monsoon Experiment using a mesoscale twodimensional model. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3077-3107.
11. Elsberry, R. L., and P. A. Harr, 2008: Tropical cyclone structure (TCS08) field experiment science basis, observational platforms, and strategy. Asia-Pac. J. Atmos. Sci., 44 (3), 209-231.
12. Evensen, G., 1994: Sequential data assimilation with a nonlinear quasi-geostrophic model using Monte Carlo methods to forecast error statistics. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 10 143-10 162.
13. Fuentes, O. U. V., 2004: Vortex filamentation its onset and its role on axisymmetrization andmerger. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 40, 23-42.
14. Fujita, T., D. J. Stensrud, and D. C. Dowell, 2008: Using precipitation observations in a mesoscale short-range ensemble analysis and forecasting system. Wea. Forecasting, 23, 357-372.
15. Grell, G. A., and D. Dévényi, 2002: A generalized approach to parameterizing convection combining ensemble and data assimilation techniques. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1693, doi:10.1029/2002GL015311.
16. Harnisch, F., and M. Weissmann, 2010: Sensitivity of typhoon forecasts to different subsets of targeted dropsonde observations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 2664-2680.
17. Hawkins, H. F., 1983: Hurricane Allen and island obstacles. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1360-1361.
18. Hawkins, J. D., and M. Helveston, 2008: Tropical cyclone multiple eyewall characteristics. Preprints, 28th Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Orlando, FL, Amer.Meteor. Soc., 14B.1. [Available online at http://ams.confex.com/ams/28Hurricanes/techprogram/paper_138300.htm.]
19. Hill, K. A., and G. M. Lackmann, 2009: Influence of environmental humidity on tropical cyclone size. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 3294-3315.
20. Hong, S.-Y., and J.-O. J. Lim, 2006: The WRF single-moment 6-class microphysics scheme (WSM6). J. Korean Meteor. Soc., 42, 129-151.
21. Hong, S.-Y., J. Dudhia, and S.-H. Chen, 2004: A revised approach to ice microphysical processes for the bulk parameterization of clouds and precipitation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 103-120.
22. Hong, S.-Y., Y. Noh, and J. Dudhia, 2006: A new vertical diffusion package with an explicit treatment of entrainment processes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 2318-2341.
23. Houze, R. A., and Coauthors, 2006: The Hurricane Rainband and Intensity Change Experiment: Observations and modeling of Hurricanes Katrina, Ophelia, and Rita. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 87, 1503-1521.
24. Houze, R. A S. S. Chen, B. F. Smull, W.-C. Lee, and M. M. Bell, 2007: Hurricane intensity and eyewall replacement. Science, 315, 1235-1239.
25. Huang, Y.-H., M. T. Montgomery, and C.-C. Wu, 2012: Concentric eyewall formation in Typhoon Sinlaku (2008). Part II: Axisymmetric dynamical processes. J. Atmos. Sci., 69, 662-674.
26. Kossin, J. P., and M. Sitkowski, 2009: An objective model for identifying secondary eyewall formation in hurricanes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 876-892.
27. Kuo, H.-C., L.-Y. Lin, C.-P. Chang, and R. T. Williams, 2004: The formation of concentric vorticity structures in typhoons. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 2722-2734.
28. Kuo, H.-C, C.-P. Chang, Y.-T. Yang, and H.-J. Jiang, 2009: Western North Pacific typhoons with concentric eyewalls. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 3758-3770.
29. Martinez, Y., G. Brunet, M. K. Yau, and X. Xang, 2011: On the dynamics of concentric eyewall genesis: Space-time empirical normal modes diagnosis. J. Atmos. Sci., 68, 457-476.
30. McWilliams, J. C., 1990: The vortices of two-dimensional turbulence. J. Fluid Mech., 219, 361-385.
31. Melander, M. V., J. C. McWilliams, and N. J. Zabusky, 1987: Axisymmetrization and vorticity-gradient intensification of an isolated two-dimensional vortex through filamentation. J. Fluid Mech., 178, 137-159.
32. Meng, Z., and F. Zhang, 2007: Test of an ensemble Kalman filter for mesoscale and regional-scale data assimilation. Part II: Imperfect model experiments. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 1403-1423.
33. Meng, Z, and F. Zhang, 2008a: Test of an ensemble Kalman filter for mesoscale and regional-scale data assimilation. Part III: Comparison with 3DVar in a real-data case study. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 522-540.
34. Meng, Z, and F. Zhang, 2008b: Test of an ensemble Kalman filter for mesoscale and regional-scale data assimilation. Part IV: Comparison with 3DVar in a month-long experiment. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 3671-3682.
35. Mlawer, E. J., S. J. Taubman, P. D. Brown, M. J. Iacono, and S. A. Clough, 1997: Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmospheres: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave. J. Geophys. Res., 102 (D14), 16 663-16 682.
36. Montgomery, M. T., and R. J. Kallenbach, 1997: A theory for vortex Rossby waves and its application to spiral bands and intensity changes in hurricanes. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 123, 435-465.
37. Montgomery, M. T, and G. Brunet, 2002: Vortex Rossby waves on smooth circular vortices. Part II: Idealized numerical experiments for tropical cyclone and polar vortex interiors. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 35, 179-204.
38. Moon, Y., D. S. Nolan, and M. Iskandarani, 2010: On the use of two-dimensional incompressible flow to study secondary eyewall formation in tropical cyclones. J. Atmos. Sci., 67, 3765-3773.
39. Nong, S., and K. A. Emanuel, 2003: A numerical study of the genesis of concentric eyewalls in hurricane. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 129, 3323-3338.
40. Ortt, D., and S. S. Chen, 2006: Rainbands and secondary eye wall formation as observed in RAINEX. Preprints, 27th Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Monterey, CA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 12A.5. [Available online at http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/108643.pdf.]
41. Ortt, D., and S. S. Chen, 2008: Effect of environmental moisture on rainbands in Hurricane Katrina and Rita (2005). Preprints, 28th Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Orlando, FL, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 5C.5. [Available online at http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/138161.pdf.]
42. Qiu, X., Z.-M. Tan, and Q. Xiao, 2010: The roles of vortex Rossby waves in hurricane secondary eyewall formation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 2092-2109.
43. Rozoff, C. M., W. H. Schubert, B. D. McNoldy, and J. P. Kossin, 2006: Rapid filamentation zones in intense tropical cyclones. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 325-340.
44. Samsury, C. E., and E. J. Zipser, 1995: Secondary wind maxima in hurricanes: Airflow and relationship to rainbands. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 3502-3517.
45. Snyder, C., and F. Zhang, 2003: Assimilation of simulated Doppler radar observations with an ensemble Kalman filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 1663-1677.
46. Terwey, W. D., and M. T. Montgomery, 2008: Secondary eyewall formation in two idealized, full-physics modeled hurricanes. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D12112, doi:10.1029/2007JD008897.
47. Torn, R. D., and G. J. Hakim, 2009: Ensemble data assimilation applied to RAINEX observations of Hurricane Katrina (2005). Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 2817-2829.
48. Wang, Y., 2002a: Vortex Rossby waves in a numerically simulated tropical cyclone. Part I: Overall structure, potential vorticity, and kinetic energy budgets. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1213-1238.
49. Wang, Y, 2002b: Vortex Rossby waves in a numerically simulated tropical cyclone. Part II: The role in tropical cyclone structure and intensity changes. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1239-1262.
50. Wang, Y, 2008: Rapid filamentation zone in a numerically simulated tropical cyclone. J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 1158-1181.
51. Wang, Y, 2009: How do outer spiral rainbands affect tropical cyclone structure and intensity? J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 1250-1273.
52. Weissmann, M. and Coauthors, 2011: The influence of assimilating dropsonde data on typhoon track and midlatitude forecasts. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 908-920.
53. Willoughby, H. E., 1979: Excitation of spiral bands in hurricanes by interaction between the symmetric mean vortex and a shearing environmental steering current. J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 1226-1235.
54. Willoughby, H. E, and P. G. Black, 1996: Hurricane Andrew in Florida: Dynamics of a disaster. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 543-549.
55. Willoughby, H. E, J. A. Clos, and M. G. Shoreibah, 1982: Concentric eyewalls, secondary wind maxima, and the evolution of the hurricane vortex. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 395-411.
56. Willoughby, H. E, H.-L. Jin, S. J. Lord, and J. M. Piotrowicz, 1984: Hurricane structure and evolution as simulated by an axisymmetric, nonhydrostatic numerical model. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1169-1186.
57. Willoughby, H. E, R. W. R. Darling, and M. E. Rahn, 2006: Parametric representation of the primary hurricane vortex. Part II: A new family of sectionally continuous profiles. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 1102-1120.
58. Wu, C.-C., K.-H. Chou, H.-J. Cheng, and Y. Wang, 2003: Eyewall contraction, breakdown and reformation in a landfalling typhoon. Geophys.Res. Lett., 30, 1887, doi:10.1029/2003GL017653.
59. Wu, C.-C., and Coauthors, 2005: Dropwindsonde Observations for Typhoon Surveillance near the Taiwan Region (DOTSTAR): An overview. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 86, 787-790.
60. Wu, C.-C, K.-H. Chou, P.-H. Lin, S. D. Aberson, M. S. Peng, and T. Nakazawa, 2007: The impact of dropwindsonde data on typhoon track forecasts in DOTSTAR. Wea. Forecasting, 22, 1157-1176.
61. Wu, C.-C, H.-J. Cheng, Y. Wang, and K.-H. Chou, 2009: A numerical investigation of the eyewall evolution in a landfalling typhoon. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 21-40.
62. Wu, C.-C, G.-Y. Lien, J.-H. Chen, and F. Zhang, 2010: Assimilation of tropical cyclone track and structure based on the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). J. Atmos. Sci., 67, 3806-3822.
63. Yano, J.-I., and K. A. Emanuel, 1991: An improved model of the equatorial troposphere and its coupling with the stratosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 377-389.
64. Yussouf, N., and D. J. Stensrud, 2010: Impact of phased-array radar observations over a short assimilation period: Observing System Simulation Experiments using an ensemble Kalman. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 517-538.
65. Zhang, F., and C. Snyder, 2007: Ensemble-based data assimilation. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 88, 565-568.
66. Zhang, F, C. Snyder, and J. Sun, 2004: Impacts of initial estimate and observation availability on convective-scale data assimilation with an ensemble Kalman filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 1238-1253.
67. Zhang, F, Z. Meng and A. Aksoy, 2006: Test of an ensemble Kalman filter for mesoscale and regional-scale data assimilation. Part I: Perfect model experiments. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 722-736.
68. Zhang, F, Y. Weng, J.A. Sippel, Z. Meng, and C. H. Bishop, 2009: Cloudresolving hurricane initialization and prediction through assimilation of Doppler radar observations with an ensembleKalman filter: Humberto (2007). Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 2105-2125.
69. Zhou, X., and B. Wang, 2011: Mechanism of concentric eyewall replacement cycles and associated intensity change. J. Atmos. Sci., 68, 972-988.