메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 125, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 367-372

Effects of electromagnetic fields on bone regeneration in experimental and clinical studies: A review of the literature

Author keywords

Electromagnetic fields; Fracture; Non union; Regeneration

Indexed keywords

BONE CELL; BONE DEVELOPMENT; BONE REGENERATION; BONE TISSUE; CLINICAL RESEARCH; CYTOLOGY; DISABILITY; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD; FRACTURE; FRACTURE HEALING; FRACTURE NONUNION; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL; HUMAN; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; MICROENVIRONMENT; NONHUMAN; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

EID: 84862918461     PISSN: 03666999     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.2012.02.035     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (11)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 34250886203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review: Gene- and stem cell-based therapeutics for bone regeneration and repair
    • Kimelman N, Pelled G, Helm GA, Huard J, Schwarz EM, Gazit D. Review: gene- and stem cell-based therapeutics for bone regeneration and repair. Tissue Eng 2007; 13: 1135-1150.
    • (2007) Tissue Eng , vol.13 , pp. 1135-1150
    • Kimelman, N.1    Pelled, G.2    Helm, G.A.3    Huard, J.4    Schwarz, E.M.5    Gazit, D.6
  • 2
    • 10844277457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone repair in the twenty-first century: Biology, chemistry or engineering?
    • Hing KA. Bone repair in the twenty-first century: biology, chemistry or engineering? Philos Transact A Math Phys Eng Sci 2004: 362: 2821-2850.
    • (2004) Philos Transact a Math Phys Eng Sci , vol.362 , pp. 2821-2850
    • Hing, K.A.1
  • 3
  • 4
    • 33646023371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A hypothetical mechanism of bone remodeling and modeling under electromagnetic loads
    • Qu C, Qin QH, Kang Y. A hypothetical mechanism of bone remodeling and modeling under electromagnetic loads, Biomaterials 2006; 27: 4050-4057.
    • (2006) Biomaterials , vol.27 , pp. 4050-4057
    • Qu, C.1    Qin, Q.H.2    Kang, Y.3
  • 5
    • 79953178988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of low frequency electromagnetic fields on the chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells
    • Mayer-Wagner S, Passberger A, Sievers B, Aigner J, Summer B, Schiergens TS, et al. Effects of low frequency electromagnetic fields on the chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Bioelectromagnetics 2011; 32: 283-290.
    • (2011) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.32 , pp. 283-290
    • Mayer-Wagner, S.1    Passberger, A.2    Sievers, B.3    Aigner, J.4    Summer, B.5    Schiergens, T.S.6
  • 6
    • 42949095873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced secretion of prostaglandin E2 from osteoblasts by exposure to a strong static magnetic field
    • Sakurai T, Terashima S, Miyakoshi J. Enhanced secretion of prostaglandin E2 from osteoblasts by exposure to a strong static magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics 2008; 29: 277-283.
    • (2008) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.29 , pp. 277-283
    • Sakurai, T.1    Terashima, S.2    Miyakoshi, J.3
  • 7
    • 77952895127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Static electromagnetic fields induce vasculogenesis and chondro-osteogenesis of mouse embryonic stem cells by reactive oxygen species-mediated up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor
    • Bekhite MM, Finkensieper A, Abou-Zaid FA, El-Shourbagy IK, Omar KM, Figulla HR, et al. Static electromagnetic fields induce vasculogenesis and chondro-osteogenesis of mouse embryonic stem cells by reactive oxygen species-mediated up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 19: 731-743.
    • (2010) Stem Cells Dev , vol.19 , pp. 731-743
    • Bekhite, M.M.1    Finkensieper, A.2    Abou-Zaid, F.A.3    El-Shourbagy, I.K.4    Omar, K.M.5    Figulla, H.R.6
  • 8
    • 73849090856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repairing large bone fractures with low frequency electromagnetic fields
    • Lin HY, Lu KH. Repairing large bone fractures with low frequency electromagnetic fields. J Orthop Res 2010; 28: 265-270.
    • (2010) J Orthop Res , vol.28 , pp. 265-270
    • Lin, H.Y.1    Lu, K.H.2
  • 9
    • 16244372680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in polyamines, c-myc and c-fos gene expression in osteoblast-like cells exposed to pulsed electromagnetic fields
    • De Mattei M, Gagliano N, Moscheni C, Dellavia C, Calastrini C, Pellati A, et al. Changes in polyamines, c-myc and c-fos gene expression in osteoblast-like cells exposed to pulsed electromagnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 2005; 26: 207-214.
    • (2005) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.26 , pp. 207-214
    • de Mattei, M.1    Gagliano, N.2    Moscheni, C.3    Dellavia, C.4    Calastrini, C.5    Pellati, A.6
  • 10
    • 49149129829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulsed electromagnetic fields enhance BMP-2 dependent osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells
    • Schwartz Z, Simon BJ, Duran MA, Barabino G, Chaudhri R, Boyan BD. Pulsed electromagnetic fields enhance BMP-2 dependent osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. J Orthop Res 2008; 26: 1250-1255.
    • (2008) J Orthop Res , vol.26 , pp. 1250-1255
    • Schwartz, Z.1    Simon, B.J.2    Duran, M.A.3    Barabino, G.4    Chaudhri, R.5    Boyan, B.D.6
  • 11
    • 34548382710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partridge, Effects of BMP-2 and pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on rat primary osteoblastic cell proliferation and gene expression
    • Selvamurugan N, Kwok S, Vasilov A, Jefcoat SC, Partridge NC. Partridge, Effects of BMP-2 and pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on rat primary osteoblastic cell proliferation and gene expression. J Orthop Res 2007; 25: 1213-1220.
    • (2007) J Orthop Res , vol.25 , pp. 1213-1220
    • Selvamurugan, N.1    Kwok, S.2    Vasilov, A.3    Jefcoat, S.C.4    Partridge, N.C.5
  • 12
    • 33745580326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of electromagnetic fields on cells: Physiological and therapeutical approaches and molecular mechanisms of interaction. A review
    • Funk RH, Monsees TK. Effects of electromagnetic fields on cells: physiological and therapeutical approaches and molecular mechanisms of interaction. A review. Cells Tissues Organs 2006; 182: 59-78.
    • (2006) Cells Tissues Organs , vol.182 , pp. 59-78
    • Funk, R.H.1    Monsees, T.K.2
  • 13
    • 79956283427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Augmentation of antibiotic activity by low-frequency electric and electromagnetic fields examining Staphylococcus aureus in broth media
    • Matl FD, Obermeier A, Zlotnyk J, Friess W, Stemberger A, Burgkart R. Augmentation of antibiotic activity by low-frequency electric and electromagnetic fields examining Staphylococcus aureus in broth media. Bioelectromagnetics 2011; 32: 367-377.
    • (2011) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.32 , pp. 367-377
    • Matl, F.D.1    Obermeier, A.2    Zlotnyk, J.3    Friess, W.4    Stemberger, A.5    Burgkart, R.6
  • 14
    • 66149103299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus induced by low-frequency electric and electromagnetic fields
    • Obermeier A, Matl FD, Friess W, Stemberger A. Growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus induced by low-frequency electric and electromagnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 2009; 30: 270-279.
    • (2009) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.30 , pp. 270-279
    • Obermeier, A.1    Matl, F.D.2    Friess, W.3    Stemberger, A.4
  • 15
    • 37349051706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deterioration of bone quality by long-term magnetic field with extremely low frequency in rats
    • Gürgül S, Erdal N, Yilmaz SN, Yildiz A, Ankarali H. Deterioration of bone quality by long-term magnetic field with extremely low frequency in rats, Bone 2008; 42: 74-80.
    • (2008) Bone , vol.42 , pp. 74-80
    • Gürgül, S.1    Erdal, N.2    Yilmaz, S.N.3    Yildiz, A.4    Ankarali, H.5
  • 16
    • 33746765003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of electromagnetic stimulation on calcified matrix production by SAOS-2 cells over a polyurethane porous scaffold
    • Fassina L, Visai L, Benazzo F, Benedetti L, Calligaro A, De Angelis MG, et al. Effects of electromagnetic stimulation on calcified matrix production by SAOS-2 cells over a polyurethane porous scaffold. Tissue Eng 2006; 12: 1985-1999.
    • (2006) Tissue Eng , vol.12 , pp. 1985-1999
    • Fassina, L.1    Visai, L.2    Benazzo, F.3    Benedetti, L.4    Calligaro, A.5    de Angelis, M.G.6
  • 17
    • 33646899049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of electromagnetic fields on proliferation and differentiation of cultured mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
    • Wu H, Ren K, Zhao W, Baojian GE, Peng S. Effect of electromagnetic fields on proliferation and differentiation of cultured mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci 2005; 25: 185-187.
    • (2005) J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci , vol.25 , pp. 185-187
    • Wu, H.1    Ren, K.2    Zhao, W.3    Baojian, G.E.4    Peng, S.5
  • 18
    • 66149128503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of pulsed electromagnetic field on the proliferation and differentiation potential of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
    • Sun LY, Hsieh DK, Yu TC, Chiu HT, Lu SF, Luo GH, et al. Effect of pulsed electromagnetic field on the proliferation and differentiation potential of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Bioelectromagnetics 2009; 30: 251-260.
    • (2009) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.30 , pp. 251-260
    • Sun, L.Y.1    Hsieh, D.K.2    Yu, T.C.3    Chiu, H.T.4    Lu, S.F.5    Luo, G.H.6
  • 19
    • 65349089024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osteoblasts stimulated with pulsed electromagnetic fields increase HUVEC proliferation via a VEGF-A independent mechanism
    • Hopper RA, VerHalen JP, Tepper O, Mehrara BJ, Detch R, Chang EI, et al. Osteoblasts stimulated with pulsed electromagnetic fields increase HUVEC proliferation via a VEGF-A independent mechanism. Bioelectromagnetics 2009; 30: 189-197.
    • (2009) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.30 , pp. 189-197
    • Hopper, R.A.1    Verhalen, J.P.2    Tepper, O.3    Mehrara, B.J.4    Detch, R.5    Chang, E.I.6
  • 20
    • 33749057343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulsed electromagnetic fields accelerate apoptotic rate in osteoclasts
    • Chang K, Chang WH, Tsai MT, Shih C. Pulsed electromagnetic fields accelerate apoptotic rate in osteoclasts. Connect Tissue Res 2006; 47: 222-228.
    • (2006) Connect Tissue Res , vol.47 , pp. 222-228
    • Chang, K.1    Chang, W.H.2    Tsai, M.T.3    Shih, C.4
  • 21
    • 75149117712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on the mRNA expression of RANK and CAII in ovariectomized rat osteoclast-like cell
    • Chen J, He HC, Xia QJ, Huang LQ, Hu YJ, He CQ. Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on the mRNA expression of RANK and CAII in ovariectomized rat osteoclast-like cell. Connect Tissue Res 2010; 51: 1-7.
    • (2010) Connect Tissue Res , vol.51 , pp. 1-7
    • Chen, J.1    He, H.C.2    Xia, Q.J.3    Huang, L.Q.4    Hu, Y.J.5    He, C.Q.6
  • 22
    • 1542642933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of different intensities of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields on formation of osteoclast-like cells
    • Chang K, Chang WH, Wu ML, Shih C. Effects of different intensities of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields on formation of osteoclast-like cells. Bioelectromagnetics 2003; 24: 431-439.
    • (2003) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.24 , pp. 431-439
    • Chang, K.1    Chang, W.H.2    Wu, M.L.3    Shih, C.4
  • 23
    • 67650829094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of electromagnetic fields on bone fracture in rats: Role of CAPE
    • Cicek E, Gokalp O, Varol R, Cesur G. Influence of electromagnetic fields on bone fracture in rats: role of CAPE. Biomed Environ Sci 2009; 22: 157-160.
    • (2009) Biomed Environ Sci , vol.22 , pp. 157-160
    • Cicek, E.1    Gokalp, O.2    Varol, R.3    Cesur, G.4
  • 25
    • 0036315577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields on the osteointegration of hydroxyapatite implants in cancellous bone: A morphologic and microstructural in vivo study
    • Fini M, Cadossi R, Canè V, Cavani F, Giavaresi G, Krajewski A, et al. The effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields on the osteointegration of hydroxyapatite implants in cancellous bone: a morphologic and microstructural in vivo study. J Orthop Res 2002; 20: 756-763.
    • (2002) J Orthop Res , vol.20 , pp. 756-763
    • Fini, M.1    Cadossi, R.2    Canè, V.3    Cavani, F.4    Giavaresi, G.5    Krajewski, A.6
  • 26
    • 43649084016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cartilage repair with osteochondral autografts in sheep: Effect of biophysical stimulation with pulsed electromagnetic fields
    • Benazzo F, Cadossi M, Cavani F, Fini M, Giavaresi G, Setti S, et al. Cartilage repair with osteochondral autografts in sheep: effect of biophysical stimulation with pulsed electromagnetic fields. J Orthop Res 2008; 26: 631-642.
    • (2008) J Orthop Res , vol.26 , pp. 631-642
    • Benazzo, F.1    Cadossi, M.2    Cavani, F.3    Fini, M.4    Giavaresi, G.5    Setti, S.6
  • 27
    • 57049099807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss of bone calcium in exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields
    • Hanafy E, Elhafez S, Aly F, Elazhary M. Loss of bone calcium in exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields, Electromagn Biol Med 2008; 27: 402-408.
    • (2008) Electromagn Biol Med , vol.27 , pp. 402-408
    • Hanafy, E.1    Elhafez, S.2    Aly, F.3    Elazhary, M.4
  • 28
    • 37349051706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deterioration of bone quality by long-term magnetic field with extremely low frequency in rats
    • Gürgül S, Erdal N, Yilmaz SN, Yildiz A, Ankarali H. Deterioration of bone quality by long-term magnetic field with extremely low frequency in rats. Bone 2008; 42: 74-80.
    • (2008) Bone , vol.42 , pp. 74-80
    • Gürgül, S.1    Erdal, N.2    Yilmaz, S.N.3    Yildiz, A.4    Ankarali, H.5
  • 29
    • 58749108659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical update of pulsed electromagnetic fields on osteoporosis
    • Huang LQ, He HC, He CQ, Chen J, Yang L. Clinical update of pulsed electromagnetic fields on osteoporosis. Chin Med J 2008; 121: 2095-2099.
    • (2008) Chin Med J , vol.121 , pp. 2095-2099
    • Huang, L.Q.1    He, H.C.2    He, C.Q.3    Chen, J.4    Yang, L.5
  • 30
    • 68149137014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of pulsed electromagnetic stimulation on patients undergoing hip revision prostheses: A randomized prospective double-blind study
    • Dallari D, Fini M, Giavaresi G, Del Piccolo N, Stagni C, Amendola L, et al. Effects of pulsed electromagnetic stimulation on patients undergoing hip revision prostheses: a randomized prospective double-blind study. Bioelectromagnetics 2009; 30: 423-430.
    • (2009) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.30 , pp. 423-430
    • Dallari, D.1    Fini, M.2    Giavaresi, G.3    del Piccolo, N.4    Stagni, C.5    Amendola, L.6
  • 31
    • 1442329152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of nonunions with electric and electromagnetic fields
    • Aaron RK, Ciombor DM, Simon BJ. Treatment of nonunions with electric and electromagnetic fields, Clin Orthop Relat Res 2004; (419): 21-29.
    • (2004) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.419 , pp. 21-29
    • Aaron, R.K.1    Ciombor, D.M.2    Simon, B.J.3
  • 32
    • 30444451007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local delivery of bisphosphonate from coated orthopedic implants increases implants mechanical stability in osteoporotic rats
    • Peter B, Gauthier O, Laïb S, Bujoli B, Guicheux J, Janvier P, et al. Local delivery of bisphosphonate from coated orthopedic implants increases implants mechanical stability in osteoporotic rats, J Biomed Mater Res A 2006; 76: 133-143.
    • (2006) J Biomed Mater Res A , vol.76 , pp. 133-143
    • Peter, B.1    Gauthier, O.2    Laïb, S.3    Bujoli, B.4    Guicheux, J.5    Janvier, P.6
  • 33
    • 0016229198 scopus 로고
    • Augmentation of bone repair by inductively coupled electromagnetic fields
    • Bassett CA, Pawluk RJ, Pilla AA. Augmentation of bone repair by inductively coupled electromagnetic fields. Science 1974; 184: 575-577.
    • (1974) Science , vol.184 , pp. 575-577
    • Bassett, C.A.1    Pawluk, R.J.2    Pilla, A.A.3
  • 34
    • 42149132114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone morphogenetic proteins and osseointegration: Current knowledge - future possibilities
    • Huang YH, Polimeni G, Qahash M, Wikesjö UM. Bone morphogenetic proteins and osseointegration: current knowledge - future possibilities. Periodontol 2000 2008; 47: 206-223.
    • (2000) Periodontol , vol.47 , pp. 206-223
    • Huang, Y.H.1    Polimeni, G.2    Qahash, M.3    Wikesjö, U.M.4
  • 35
    • 56349084755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electromagnetic enhancement of a culture of human SAOS-2 osteoblasts seeded onto titanium fiber-mesh scaffolds
    • Fassina L, Saino E, Visai L, Silvani G, Cusella De Angelis MG, Mazzini G, et al. Electromagnetic enhancement of a culture of human SAOS-2 osteoblasts seeded onto titanium fiber-mesh scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 87: 750-759.
    • (2008) J Biomed Mater Res A , vol.87 , pp. 750-759
    • Fassina, L.1    Saino, E.2    Visai, L.3    Silvani, G.4    de Angelis, M.G.C.5    Mazzini, G.6
  • 36
    • 46449124892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pulsing electric field (PEF) increases human chondrocyte proliferation through a transduction pathway involving nitric oxide signaling
    • Fitzsimmons RJ, Gordon SL, Kronberg J, Ganey T, Pilla AA. A pulsing electric field (PEF) increases human chondrocyte proliferation through a transduction pathway involving nitric oxide signaling. J Orthop Res 2008; 26: 854-859.
    • (2008) J Orthop Res , vol.26 , pp. 854-859
    • Fitzsimmons, R.J.1    Gordon, S.L.2    Kronberg, J.3    Ganey, T.4    Pilla, A.A.5
  • 37
    • 56349123876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of constant magnetic fields on proliferation and migration of endothelial progenitor cells under rapamycin intervention: Experiment with rats
    • Cheng HX, Xu XD, Zhang RQ, Luan RH, Guo WY, Wang HC, et al. Effects of constant magnetic fields on proliferation and migration of endothelial progenitor cells under rapamycin intervention: experiment with rats. Natl Med J China (Chin) 2008; 88: 2719-2721.
    • (2008) Natl Med J China (Chin) , vol.88 , pp. 2719-2721
    • Cheng, H.X.1    Xu, X.D.2    Zhang, R.Q.3    Luan, R.H.4    Guo, W.Y.5    Wang, H.C.6
  • 38
    • 84862961171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of constant, alternating and cyclotron low-intensity electromagnetic fields on fibroblast proliferative activity in vitro
    • Afinogenov G, Afinogenova A, Kalinin A. Influence of constant, alternating and cyclotron low-intensity electromagnetic fields on fibroblast proliferative activity in vitro. GMS Krankenhhyg Interdiszip 2009; 4: Doc07.
    • (2009) GMS Krankenhhyg Interdiszip , vol.4
    • Afinogenov, G.1    Afinogenova, A.2    Kalinin, A.3
  • 39
    • 0036679571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulsed electromagnetic fields for treating osteo-arthritis
    • Van Nguyen JA, Marks R. Pulsed electromagnetic fields for treating osteo-arthritis. Physiotherapy 2002; 88: 458-468.
    • (2002) Physiotherapy , vol.88 , pp. 458-468
    • van Nguyen, J.A.1    Marks, R.2
  • 40
    • 77952025346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EMF acts on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to promote differentiation to osteoblasts and to inhibit differentiation to adipocytes
    • Yang Y, Tao C, Zhao D, Li F, Zhao W, Wu H. EMF acts on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to promote differentiation to osteoblasts and to inhibit differentiation to adipocytes. Bioelectromagnetics 2010; 31: 277-285.
    • (2010) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.31 , pp. 277-285
    • Yang, Y.1    Tao, C.2    Zhao, D.3    Li, F.4    Zhao, W.5    Wu, H.6
  • 41
    • 74349107913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields modulate expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in the human keratinocyte cell line HaCat: Potential therapeutic effects in wound healing
    • Patruno A, Amerio P, Pesce M, Vianale G, Di Luzio S, Tulli A, et al. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields modulate expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in the human keratinocyte cell line HaCat: potential therapeutic effects in wound healing. Br J Dermatol 2010; 162: 258-266.
    • (2010) Br J Dermatol , vol.162 , pp. 258-266
    • Patruno, A.1    Amerio, P.2    Pesce, M.3    Vianale, G.4    Luzio, S.D.5    Tulli, A.6
  • 42
    • 24044500585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on articular hyaline cartilage: Review of experimental and clinical studies
    • Fini M, Giavaresi G, Carpi A, Nicolini A, Setti S, Giardino R. Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on articular hyaline cartilage: review of experimental and clinical studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2005; 59: 388-394.
    • (2005) Biomed Pharmacother , vol.59 , pp. 388-394
    • Fini, M.1    Giavaresi, G.2    Carpi, A.3    Nicolini, A.4    Setti, S.5    Giardino, R.6
  • 44
    • 40649110307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of electromagnetic stimulation in the management of established non-union of long bone fractures: What is the evidence?
    • Griffin XL, Warner F, Costa M. The role of electromagnetic stimulation in the management of established non-union of long bone fractures: what is the evidence? Injury 2008; 39: 419-429.
    • (2008) Injury , vol.39 , pp. 419-429
    • Griffin, X.L.1    Warner, F.2    Costa, M.3
  • 45
    • 77957283457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of long-term extremely low-frequency magnetic field on geometric and biomechanical properties of rats' bone
    • Akdag MZ, Dasdag S, Erdal N, Buyukbayram H, Gurgul S. The effect of long-term extremely low-frequency magnetic field on geometric and biomechanical properties of rats' bone. Electromagn Biol Med 2010; 29: 9-18.
    • (2010) Electromagn Biol Med , vol.29 , pp. 9-18
    • Akdag, M.Z.1    Dasdag, S.2    Erdal, N.3    Buyukbayram, H.4    Gurgul, S.5
  • 46
    • 74249092931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian rhythm affects the preventive role of pulsed electromagnetic fields on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats
    • Jing D, Shen G, Huang J, Xie K, Cai J, Xu Q, et al. Circadian rhythm affects the preventive role of pulsed electromagnetic fields on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats. Bone 2010; 46: 487-495.
    • (2010) Bone , vol.46 , pp. 487-495
    • Jing, D.1    Shen, G.2    Huang, J.3    Xie, K.4    Cai, J.5    Xu, Q.6
  • 47
    • 77649125890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of electromagnetic pulse on bone metabolism of mice in vivo
    • Li KC, Ma SR, Ding GR, Guo Y, Guo GZ. Effects of electromagnetic pulse on bone metabolism of mice in vivo. Biomed Environ Sci 2009; 22: 518-521.
    • (2009) Biomed Environ Sci , vol.22 , pp. 518-521
    • Li, K.C.1    Ma, S.R.2    Ding, G.R.3    Guo, Y.4    Guo, G.Z.5
  • 48
    • 75649094153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulsed electromagnetic fields stimulation affects BMD and local factor production of rats with disuse osteoporosis
    • Shen WW, Zhao JH. Pulsed electromagnetic fields stimulation affects BMD and local factor production of rats with disuse osteoporosis. Bioelectromagnetics 2010; 31: 113-119.
    • (2010) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.31 , pp. 113-119
    • Shen, W.W.1    Zhao, J.H.2
  • 49
    • 60749111237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histological evaluation of the influence of magnetic field application in autogenous bone grafts in rats
    • Puricelli E, Dutra NB, Ponzoni D. Histological evaluation of the influence of magnetic field application in autogenous bone grafts in rats. Head Face Med 2009; 5: 1.
    • (2009) Head Face Med , vol.5 , pp. 1
    • Puricelli, E.1    Dutra, N.B.2    Ponzoni, D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.