메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 117, Issue 6, 2012, Pages

Contribution of the location and spatial pattern of initial error to uncertainties in El Nio predictions

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; ERRORS; STREAM FLOW;

EID: 84862845006     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21699291     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2011JC007758     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (41)

References (48)
  • 1
    • 0034345420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonmonotone spectral projected gradient methods on convex sets
    • doi:10.1137/S1052623497330963
    • Birgin, E. G., J. M. Martínez, and M. Raydan (2000), Nonmonotone spectral projected gradient methods on convex sets, SIAM J. Optim., 10, 1196-1211, doi:10.1137/S1052623497330963.
    • (2000) SIAM J. Optim. , vol.10 , pp. 1196-1211
    • Birgin, E.G.1    Martínez, J.M.2    Raydan, M.3
  • 2
    • 0141595947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bred vectors of the Zebiak-Cane model and their potential application to ENSO predictions
    • Cai, M., E. Kalnay, and Z. Toth (2003), Bred vectors of the Zebiak-Cane model and their potential application to ENSO predictions, J. Clim., 16, 40-56, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2003)0162.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 37160128)
    • (2003) Journal of Climate , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 40-56
    • Cai, M.1    Kalnay, E.2    Toth, Z.3
  • 3
    • 69549114187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Error characterization of infrared and microwave satellite sea surface temperature products for merging and analysis
    • doi:10.1029/2006JC003829
    • Castro, S., G. A. Wick, D. L. Jackson, and W. J. Emery (2008), Error characterization of infrared and microwave satellite sea surface temperature products for merging and analysis, J. Geophys. Res., 113, C03010, doi:10.1029/2006JC003829.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Castro, S.1    Wick, G.A.2    Jackson, D.L.3    Emery, W.J.4
  • 4
    • 39549084072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • El Niño prediction and predictability
    • doi:10.1016/j.jcp.2007.05.014
    • Chen, D., and M. Cane (2008), El Niño prediction and predictability, J. Comput. Phys., 227, 3625-3640, doi:10.1016/j.jcp.2007.05.014.
    • (2008) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.227 , pp. 3625-3640
    • Chen, D.1    Cane, M.2
  • 5
    • 1942520295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictability of El Niño over the past 148 years
    • DOI 10.1038/nature02439
    • Chen, D., M. A. Cane, A. Kaplan, S. E. Zebiak, and D. Huang (2004), Predictability of El Niño over the past 148 years, Nature, 428, 733-736, doi:10.1038/nature02439. (Pubitemid 38508280)
    • (2004) Nature , vol.428 , Issue.6984 , pp. 733-736
    • Chen, D.1    Cane, M.A.2    Kaplan, A.3    Zebiak, S.E.4    Huang, D.5
  • 6
    • 0001564397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of the predictability of tropical pacific SST in a coupled atmosphere-ocean model using singular vector analysis: The role of the annual cycle and the ENSO cycle
    • Chen, Y. Q., D. S. Battisti, R. N. Palmer, J. Barsugli, and E. Sarachik (1997), A study of the predictability of tropical Pacific SST in a coupled atmosphere/ocean model using singular vector analysis, Mon. Weather Rev., 125, 831-845, doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1997)1252.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 127596581)
    • (1997) Monthly Weather Review , vol.125 , Issue.5 , pp. 831-845
    • Chen, Y.-Q.1    Battisti, D.S.2    Palmer, T.N.3    Barsugli, J.4    Sarachik, E.S.5
  • 7
    • 77957019006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further analysis of singular vector and ENSO predictability in the Lamont model-Part I: Singular vector and the control factors
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-009-0595-7
    • Cheng, Y., Y. Tang, X. Zhou, P. Jackson, and D. Chen (2010a), Further analysis of singular vector and ENSO predictability in the Lamont model-Part I: Singular vector and the control factors, Clim. Dyn., 35, 807-826, doi:10.1007/s00382-009-0595-7.
    • (2010) Clim. Dyn. , vol.35 , pp. 807-826
    • Cheng, Y.1    Tang, Y.2    Zhou, X.3    Jackson, P.4    Chen, D.5
  • 8
    • 77957021184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further analysis of singular vector and ENSO predictability from 1856-2003-Part II: Singular value and predictability
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-009-0728-z
    • Cheng, Y., Y. Tang, P. Jackson, D. Chen, X. Zhou, and Z. Deng (2010b), Further analysis of singular vector and ENSO predictability from 1856-2003-Part II: Singular value and predictability, Clim. Dyn., 35, 827-840, doi:10.1007/s00382-009-0728-z.
    • (2010) Clim. Dyn. , vol.35 , pp. 827-840
    • Cheng, Y.1    Tang, Y.2    Jackson, P.3    Chen, D.4    Zhou, X.5    Deng, Z.6
  • 11
    • 33845934373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating decadal variability of El Nino-Southern Oscillation asymmetry by conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation
    • DOI 10.1029/2005JC003458
    • Duan, W. S., and M. Mu (2006), Investigating decadal variability of El Nino-Southern Oscillation asymmetry by conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation, J. Geophys. Res., 111, C07015, doi:10.1029/2005JC003458. (Pubitemid 46075286)
    • (2006) Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans , vol.111 , Issue.7
    • Duan, W.1    Mu, M.2
  • 12
    • 67650859967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation: Applications to stability, sensitivity, and predictability
    • doi:10.1007/s11430-009-0090-3
    • Duan, W. S., and M. Mu (2009), Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation: Applications to stability, sensitivity, and predictability, Sci. China D, 52, 883-906, doi:10.1007/s11430-009-0090-3.
    • (2009) Sci. China D , vol.52 , pp. 883-906
    • Duan, W.S.1    Mu, M.2
  • 13
    • 84876083156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The "spring predictability barrier" for ENSO predictions and its possible mechanism: Results from a fully coupled model
    • in press
    • Duan, W. S., and C. Wei (2012), The "spring predictability barrier" for ENSO predictions and its possible mechanism: Results from a fully coupled model, Int. J. Climatol, in press.
    • (2012) Int. J. Climatol
    • Duan, W.S.1    Wei, C.2
  • 14
    • 14644403648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations as the optimal precursors for El Nino-Southern Oscillation events
    • DOI 10.1029/2004JD004756, D23105
    • Duan, W. S., M. Mu, and B. Wang (2004), Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations as the optimal precursors for El Nino-Southern Oscillation events, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D23105, doi:10.1029/2004JD004756. (Pubitemid 40318554)
    • (2004) Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres , vol.109 , Issue.23 , pp. 1-12
    • Duan, W.1    Mu, M.2    Wang, B.3
  • 15
    • 42049117572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decisive role of nonlinear temperature advection in El Nino and La Nina amplitude asymmetry
    • doi:10.1029/2006JC003974
    • Duan, W. S., H. Xu, and M. Mu (2008), Decisive role of nonlinear temperature advection in El Nino and La Nina amplitude asymmetry, J. Geophys. Res., 113, C01014, doi:10.1029/2006JC003974.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Duan, W.S.1    Xu, H.2    Mu, M.3
  • 16
    • 68149171521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the initial error that causes a significant spring predictability barrier for El Nino events
    • doi:10.1029/2008JC004925
    • Duan, W. S., X. C. Liu, K. Y. Zhu, and M. Mu (2009), Exploring the initial error that causes a significant spring predictability barrier for El Nino events, J. Geophys. Res., 114, C04022, doi:10.1029/2008JC004925.
    • (2009) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.114
    • Duan, W.S.1    Liu, X.C.2    Zhu, K.Y.3    Mu, M.4
  • 17
    • 0009600156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating sea surface temperature from infrared satellite and in situ temperature data
    • Emery, W. J., S. Castro, G. A. Wick, P. Schluessel, and C. Donlon (2001), Estimating sea surface temperature from infrared satellite and in situ temperature data, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc, 82, 2773-2785, doi:10.1175/1520- 0477(2001)0822.3.CO;2. (Pubitemid 33622716)
    • (2001) Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society , vol.82 , Issue.12 , pp. 2773-2785
    • Emery, W.J.1    Castro, S.2    Wick, G.A.3    Schluessel, P.4    Donlon, C.5
  • 18
    • 34447249976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of westerly wind bursts by sea surface temperature: A semistochastic feedback for ENSO
    • DOI 10.1175/JAS4029.1
    • Gebbie, G., I. Eisenman, A. Wittenberg, and E. Tziperman (2007), Modulation of westerly wind bursts by sea surface temperature: A semistochastic feedback for ENSO, J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 3281-3295, doi:10.1175/JAS4029.1. (Pubitemid 47521241)
    • (2007) Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences , vol.64 , Issue.9 , pp. 3281-3295
    • Gebbie, G.1    Eisenman, I.2    Wittenberg, A.3    Tziperman, E.4
  • 19
    • 3042747140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ validation of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission microwave sea surface temperatures
    • DOI 10.1029/2003JC002092
    • Gentemann, C. L., F. J. Wentz, C. A. Mears, and D. K. Smith (2004), In situ validation of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission microwave sea surface temperatures, J. Geophys. Res., 109, C04021, doi:10.1029/2003JC002092. (Pubitemid 38892986)
    • (2004) Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans , vol.109 , Issue.4
    • Gentemann, C.L.1    Wentz, F.J.2    Mears, C.A.3    Smith, D.K.4
  • 20
    • 0029903685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global validation of the along-track scanning radiometer against drifting buoys
    • 96JC00317
    • Harris, A. R., and M. A. Saunders (1996), Global validation of the along-track scanning radiometer against drifting buoys, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 12,127-12,140, doi:10.1029/96JC00317. (Pubitemid 126668270)
    • (1996) Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans , vol.101 , Issue.C5 , pp. 12127-12140
    • Harris, A.R.1    Saunders, M.A.2
  • 21
    • 52549124403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current status of ENSO prediction skill in coupled ocean-atmosphere models
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-008-0397-3
    • Jin, E. K., et al. (2008), Current status of ENSO prediction skill in coupled ocean-atmosphere models, Clim. Dyn., 31, 647-664, doi:10.1007/s00382- 008-0397-3.
    • (2008) Clim. Dyn. , vol.31 , pp. 647-664
    • Jin, E.K.1
  • 22
    • 0028255253 scopus 로고
    • El Niño on the devil's staircase: Annual subharmonic steps to chaos
    • doi:10.1126/science.264.5155.70
    • Jin, F. F., J. D. Neelin, and M. Ghil (1994), El Niño on the devil's staircase: Annual subharmonic steps to chaos, Science, 264, 70-72, doi:10.1126/science.264.5155.70.
    • (1994) Science , vol.264 , pp. 70-72
    • Jin, F.F.1    Neelin, J.D.2    Ghil, M.3
  • 23
    • 0032529811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analyses of global sea surface temperature 1856-1991
    • doi:10.1029/97JC01736
    • Kaplan, A., M. Cane, Y. Kushnir, A. Clement, M. Blumenthal, and B. Rajagopalan (1998), Analyses of global sea surface temperature 1856-1991, J. Geophys. Res., 103(C9), 18,567-18,589, doi:10.1029/97JC01736.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , Issue.C9 , pp. 18567-18589
    • Kaplan, A.1    Cane, M.2    Kushnir, Y.3    Clement, A.4    Blumenthal, M.5    Rajagopalan, B.6
  • 24
    • 0000465991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An independent assessment of Pathfinder AVHRR sea surface temperature accuracy using the Marine Atmosphere Emitted Radiance Interferometer (MAERI
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0477(2000)0812.3.CO;2
    • Kearns, E. J., J. A. Hannifin, R. H. Evans, P. J. Minnett, and O. B. Brown (2000), An independent assessment of Pathfinder AVHRR sea surface temperature accuracy using the Marine Atmosphere Emitted Radiance Interferometer (MAERI), Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc, 81, 1525-1536, doi:10.1175/1520-0477(2000) 0812.3.CO;2.
    • (2000) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc , vol.81 , pp. 1525-1536
    • Kearns, E.J.1    Hannifin, J.A.2    Evans, R.H.3    Minnett, P.J.4    Brown, O.B.5
  • 25
    • 0031450897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A theory for the limitation of ENSO predictability due to stochastic atmospheric transients
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1997)0542.0.CO;2
    • Kleeman, R., and A. M. Moore (1997), A theory for the limitation of ENSO predictability due to stochastic atmospheric transients, J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 753-767, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1997)0542.0.CO;2.
    • (1997) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 753-767
    • Kleeman, R.1    Moore, A.M.2
  • 26
    • 34247191875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Issues in targeted observing
    • doi:10.1256/qj.05.130
    • Langland, R. H. (2005), Issues in targeted observing, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc, 131(613), 3409-3425, doi:10.1256/qj.05.130.
    • (2005) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.131 , Issue.613 , pp. 3409-3425
    • Langland, R.H.1
  • 27
    • 40849118556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extended ENSO predictions using a fully coupled ocean-atmosphere model
    • DOI 10.1175/2007JCLI1412.1
    • Luo, J. J., S. Masson, S. Behera, and T. Yamagata (2008), Extended ENSO predictions using a fully coupled ocean-atmosphere model, J. Clim., 21, 84-93, doi:10.1175/2007JCLI1412.1. (Pubitemid 351395660)
    • (2008) Journal of Climate , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 84-93
    • Luo, J.-J.1    Masson, S.2    Behera, S.K.3    Yamagata, T.4
  • 28
    • 0030448959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of error growth and predictability in a coupled model of ENSO
    • doi:10.1002/qj.49712253409
    • Moore, A. M., and R. Kleeman (1996), The dynamics of error growth and predictability in a coupled model of ENSO, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc, 122, 1405-1446, doi:10.1002/qj.49712253409.
    • (1996) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.122 , pp. 1405-1446
    • Moore, A.M.1    Kleeman, R.2
  • 30
    • 4444229957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designing efficient observing networks for ENSO prediction
    • DOI 10.1175/1520-0442(2004) 017<3074:DEONFE>2.0.CO;2
    • Morss, R. E., and D. S. Battisti (2004a), Designing efficient observing networks for ENSO prediction, J. Clim., 17, 3074-3089, doi:10.1175/1520- 0442(2004)017<3074:DEONFE>2.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 39196812)
    • (2004) Journal of Climate , vol.17 , Issue.16 , pp. 3074-3089
    • Morss, R.E.1    Battisti, D.S.2
  • 31
    • 4444314583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating observing requirements for ENSO prediction: Experiments with an intermediate coupled model
    • DOI 10.1175/1520-0442(2004) 017<3057:EORFEP>2.0.CO;2
    • Morss, R. E., and D. S. Battisti (2004b), Evaluating observing requirements for ENSO prediction: Experiments with an intermediate coupled model, J. Clim., 17, 3057-3073, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<3057: EORFEP>2.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 39196811)
    • (2004) Journal of Climate , vol.17 , Issue.16 , pp. 3057-3073
    • Morss, R.E.1    Battisti, D.S.2
  • 32
    • 3042674339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new approach to studying ENSO predictability: Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation
    • DOI 10.1360/02wd0389
    • Mu, M., and W. S. Duan (2003), A new approach to studying ENSO predictability: Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation, Chin. Sci. Bull, 48, 1045-1047. (Pubitemid 44561459)
    • (2003) Chinese Science Bulletin , vol.48 , Issue.10 , pp. 1045-1047
    • Mu, M.1    Duan, W.2
  • 33
    • 0348172259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation and its applications
    • Mu, M., W. S. Duan, and B. Wang (2003), Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation and its applications, Nonlinear Processes Geophys., 10, 493-501, doi:10.5194/npg-10-493-2003. (Pubitemid 38033931)
    • (2003) Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics , vol.10 , Issue.6 , pp. 493-501
    • Mu, M.1    Duan, W.S.2    Wang, B.3
  • 34
    • 8744256430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sensitivity and stability of the ocean's thermohaline circulation to finite-amplitude perturbations
    • DOI 10.1175/1520-0485(2004) 034<2305:TSASOT>2.0.CO;2
    • Mu, M., L. Sun, and D. A. Henk (2004), The sensitivity and stability of the ocean's thermocline circulation to finite amplitude freshwater perturbations, J. Phys. Oceanogr, 34, 2305-2315, doi:10.1175/1520-0485(2004) 034<2305:TSASOT>2.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 39520061)
    • (2004) Journal of Physical Oceanography , vol.34 , Issue.10 , pp. 2305-2315
    • Mu, M.1    Sun, L.2    Dijkstra, H.A.3
  • 35
    • 34547178326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A kind of initial errors related to "spring predictability barrier" for El Niño events in Zebiak-Cane model
    • DOI 10.1029/2006GL027412
    • Mu, M., H. Xu, and W. S. Duan (2007), A kind of initial errors related to "spring predictability barrier" for El Niño events in Zebiak-Cane model, Geophys. Res. Lett, 34, L03709, doi:10.1029/2006GL027412. (Pubitemid 47277610)
    • (2007) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.34 , Issue.3
    • Mu, M.1    Xu, H.2    Duan, W.3
  • 36
    • 0028581380 scopus 로고
    • Improved global sea surface temperature analyses
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1994)0072.0.CO;2
    • Reynolds, R. W., and T. M. Smith (1994), Improved global sea surface temperature analyses, J. Clim., 7, 929-948, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1994)0072.0. CO;2.
    • (1994) J. Clim. , vol.7 , pp. 929-948
    • Reynolds, R.W.1    Smith, T.M.2
  • 37
    • 24944464047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Passive mechanism of decadal variation of thermohaline circulation
    • DOI 10.1029/2005JC002897, C07025
    • Sun, L., M. Mu, D. J. Sun, and X. Y. Yin (2005), Passive mechanism of decadal variation of thermohaline circulation, J. Geophys. Res., 110, C07025, doi:10.1029/2005JC002897. (Pubitemid 41320271)
    • (2005) Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans , vol.110 , Issue.7 , pp. 1-9
    • Sun, L.1    Mu, M.2    Sun, D.-J.3    Yin, X.-Y.4
  • 38
    • 79251552824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bred vector and ENSO predictability in a hybrid coupled model during the period 1881-2000
    • doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3491.1
    • Tang, Y., and Z. Deng (2011), Bred vector and ENSO predictability in a hybrid coupled model during the period 1881-2000, J. Clim., 24, 298-314, doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3491.1.
    • (2011) J. Clim. , vol.24 , pp. 298-314
    • Tang, Y.1    Deng, Z.2
  • 39
    • 33746798050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ENSO predictability of a fully coupled GCM model using singular vector analysis
    • DOI 10.1175/JCLI3771.1
    • Tang, Y., R. Kleeman, and S. Miller (2006), ENSO predictability of a fully coupled GCM model using singular vector analysis, J. Clim., 19, 3361-3377, doi:10.1175/JCLI3771.1. (Pubitemid 44177900)
    • (2006) Journal of Climate , vol.19 , Issue.14 , pp. 3361-3377
    • Tang, Y.1    Kleeman, R.2    Miller, S.3
  • 40
    • 56349138635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interdecadal variation of ENSO predictability in multiple models
    • doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2193.1
    • Tang, Y., Z. Deng, X. Zhou, Y. Cheng, and D. Chen (2008), Interdecadal variation of ENSO predictability in multiple models, J. Clim., 21, 4811-4833, doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2193.1.
    • (2008) J. Clim. , vol.21 , pp. 4811-4833
    • Tang, Y.1    Deng, Z.2    Zhou, X.3    Cheng, Y.4    Chen, D.5
  • 41
    • 68249151837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations of the double-gyre ocean circulation
    • doi:10.5194/npg-15-727-2008
    • Terwisscha van Scheltinga, A. D., and H. A. Dijkstra (2008), Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations of the double-gyre ocean circulation, Nonlinear Processes Geophys., 15, 727-734, doi:10.5194/npg-15-727-2008.
    • (2008) Nonlinear Processes Geophys. , vol.15 , pp. 727-734
    • Terwisscha Van Scheltinga, A.D.1    Dijkstra, H.A.2
  • 42
    • 77949747544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding ENSO physics-A review
    • edited by C. Wang, S.-P. Xie, and J. A. Carton AGU, Washington, D. C
    • Wang, C., and J. Picaut (2004), Understanding ENSO physics-A review, in Earth Climate: The Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 147, edited by C. Wang, S.-P. Xie, and J. A. Carton, pp. 21-48, AGU, Washington, D. C.
    • (2004) Earth Climate: The Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction, Geophys. Monogr. Ser. , vol.147 , pp. 21-48
    • Wang, C.1    Picaut, J.2
  • 43
    • 67649973520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of horizontal diffusion on the nonlinear stability of thermohaline circulation in a modified box model
    • doi:10.1175/2008JPO3910.1
    • Wu, X. G., and M. Mu (2009), Impact of horizontal diffusion on the nonlinear stability of thermohaline circulation in a modified box model, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 39, 798-805, doi:10.1175/2008JPO3910.1.
    • (2009) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.39 , pp. 798-805
    • Wu, X.G.1    Mu, M.2
  • 44
    • 4043115093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictability of a coupled model of ENSO using singular vector Analysis. Part I: Optimal growth in seasonal background and ENSO cycles
    • Xue, Y., M. A. Cane, and S. E. Zebiak (1997a), Predictability of a coupled model of ENSO using singular vector analysis, part I: Optimal growth in seasonal background and ENSO cycles, Mon. Weather Rev., 125, 2043-2056, doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1997)1252.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 127579478)
    • (1997) Monthly Weather Review , vol.125 , Issue.9 , pp. 2043-2056
    • Xue, Y.1    Cane, M.A.2    Zebiak, S.E.3
  • 45
    • 0001368885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictability of a coupled model of ENSO using singular vector analysis. Part II: Optimal growth and forecast skill
    • Xue, Y., M. A. Cane, and S. E. Zebiak (1997b), Predictability of a coupled model of ENSO using singular vector analysis, part II: Optimal growth and forecast skill, Mon. Weather Rev., 125, 2057-2073, doi:10.1175/1520- 0493(1997)1252.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 127579479)
    • (1997) Monthly Weather Review , vol.125 , Issue.9 , pp. 2057-2073
    • Xue, Y.1    Cane, M.A.2    Zebiak, S.E.3    Palmer, T.N.4
  • 46
    • 74849085538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of nonlinear error growth and season-dependent predictability of El Niño events in the Zebiak-Cane model
    • doi:10.1002/qj.526
    • Yu, Y., W. S. Duan, and M. Mu (2009), Dynamics of nonlinear error growth and season-dependent predictability of El Niño events in the Zebiak-Cane model, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 135, 2146-2160, doi:10.1002/qj.526.
    • (2009) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.135 , pp. 2146-2160
    • Yu, Y.1    Duan, W.S.2    Mu, M.3
  • 47
    • 0000335201 scopus 로고
    • A model El Niño-Southern Oscillation
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1987)1152.0.CO;2
    • Zebiak, S. E., and A. Cane (1987), A model El Niño-Southern Oscillation, Mon. Weather Rev., 115, 2262-2278, doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1987)1152. 0.CO;2.
    • (1987) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.115 , pp. 2262-2278
    • Zebiak, S.E.1    Cane, A.2
  • 48
    • 39349112488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of nonlinear atmosphere on the fastest error growth of ENSO prediction
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-007-0302-5
    • Zhou, X., Y. Tang, and Z. Deng (2008), The impact of nonlinear atmosphere on the fastest error growth of ENSO prediction, Clim. Dyn., 30, 519-531, doi:10.1007/s00382-007-0302-5.
    • (2008) Clim. Dyn. , vol.30 , pp. 519-531
    • Zhou, X.1    Tang, Y.2    Deng, Z.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.