메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 1-17

Pathogenesis of Acute Spinal Cord Injury and Theoretical Bases of Neurological Recovery

Author keywords

Experimental models; Ischemia; Neurological recovery; Pathogenesis; Spinal cord injury

Indexed keywords


EID: 84862611562     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470753163.ch1     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (3)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 0032905498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis and pharmacological strategies for mitigating secondary damage in acute spinal cord injury
    • Amar AP, Levy ML. Pathogenesis and pharmacological strategies for mitigating secondary damage in acute spinal cord injury. Neurosurgery 1999;44:1027-1040.
    • (1999) Neurosurgery , vol.44 , pp. 1027-1040
    • Amar, A.P.1    Levy, M.L.2
  • 2
    • 0029900303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degeneration and regeneration of axons in the lesioned spinal cord
    • Schwab ME, Bartholdi D. Degeneration and regeneration of axons in the lesioned spinal cord. Physiol Rev 1996;76:319-370.
    • (1996) Physiol Rev , vol.76 , pp. 319-370
    • Schwab, M.E.1    Bartholdi, D.2
  • 3
    • 0019212401 scopus 로고
    • The effect of spinal distraction on regional spinal cord blood flow in cats
    • Dolan EJ, Transfeldt EE, Tator CH, et al. The effect of spinal distraction on regional spinal cord blood flow in cats. J Neurosurg 1980;53:756-764.
    • (1980) J Neurosurg , vol.53 , pp. 756-764
    • Dolan, E.J.1    Transfeldt, E.E.2    Tator, C.H.3
  • 4
    • 0023235709 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacotherapy in spinal cord injury: a critical review of recent developments
    • Faden AI. Pharmacotherapy in spinal cord injury: a critical review of recent developments. Clin Neuropharmacol 1987;10:193-204.
    • (1987) Clin Neuropharmacol , vol.10 , pp. 193-204
    • Faden, A.I.1
  • 5
    • 0029012783 scopus 로고
    • The relationships among the severity of spinal cord injury, residual neurological function, axon counts, and counts of retrogradely labeled neurons after experimental spinal cord injury
    • Fehlings MG, Tator CH. The relationships among the severity of spinal cord injury, residual neurological function, axon counts, and counts of retrogradely labeled neurons after experimental spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol 1995;132:220-228.
    • (1995) Exp Neurol , vol.132 , pp. 220-228
    • Fehlings, M.G.1    Tator, C.H.2
  • 6
    • 0001471320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotection and regeneration of the spinal cord
    • In, Menezes AH and Sonntag VKH (eds), McGraw-Hill, New York
    • Geisler FH. Neuroprotection and regeneration of the spinal cord. In Menezes AH and Sonntag VKH (eds): Principles of Spinal Surgery. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996, pp. 769-784.
    • (1996) Principles of Spinal Surgery , pp. 769-784
    • Geisler, F.H.1
  • 7
    • 0024529769 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of spinal cord injury and newer treatments:a review
    • Janssen L, Hansebout RR. Pathogenesis of spinal cord injury and newer treatments:a review. Spine 1989;14:23-32.
    • (1989) Spine , vol.14 , pp. 23-32
    • Janssen, L.1    Hansebout, R.R.2
  • 8
    • 0017200396 scopus 로고
    • Effect of acute spinal cord compression injury on regional spinal cord blood flow in primates
    • Sandler AN, Tator CH. Effect of acute spinal cord compression injury on regional spinal cord blood flow in primates. J Neurosurg 1976;45:660-676.
    • (1976) J Neurosurg , vol.45 , pp. 660-676
    • Sandler, A.N.1    Tator, C.H.2
  • 9
    • 0026326449 scopus 로고
    • Review of the secondary injury theory of acute spinal cord trauma with emphasis on vascular mechanisms
    • Tator CH, Fehlings MG. Review of the secondary injury theory of acute spinal cord trauma with emphasis on vascular mechanisms. J Neurosurg 1991;75:15-26.
    • (1991) J Neurosurg , vol.75 , pp. 15-26
    • Tator, C.H.1    Fehlings, M.G.2
  • 10
    • 0027475987 scopus 로고
    • Secondary injury mechanisms in acute spinal cord injury
    • Young W. Secondary injury mechanisms in acute spinal cord injury. J Emerg Med 1993;11:13-22.
    • (1993) J Emerg Med , vol.11 , pp. 13-22
    • Young, W.1
  • 11
    • 0031970232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biology on neurological recovery and functional restoration after spinal cord injury
    • Tator CH. Biology on neurological recovery and functional restoration after spinal cord injury. Neurosurgery 1998;42:696-708.
    • (1998) Neurosurgery , vol.42 , pp. 696-708
    • Tator, C.H.1
  • 12
    • 0019955945 scopus 로고
    • The effect of blood transfusion, dopamine, and gamma hydroxybutyrate on posttraumatic ischemia of the spinal cord
    • Dolan EJ, Tator CH. The effect of blood transfusion, dopamine, and gamma hydroxybutyrate on posttraumatic ischemia of the spinal cord. J Neurosurg 1982;56:350-358.
    • (1982) J Neurosurg , vol.56 , pp. 350-358
    • Dolan, E.J.1    Tator, C.H.2
  • 13
    • 0026540898 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological strategies in CNS trauma
    • Faden AI, Salzman S. Pharmacological strategies in CNS trauma. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1992;13:29-35.
    • (1992) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.13 , pp. 29-35
    • Faden, A.I.1    Salzman, S.2
  • 14
    • 0023753142 scopus 로고
    • Calcium-mediated neurotoxicity: relationship to specific channel types and role in ischemic damage
    • Choi DW. Calcium-mediated neurotoxicity: relationship to specific channel types and role in ischemic damage. Trends Neurosci 1988;11:465-468.
    • (1988) Trends Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 465-468
    • Choi, D.W.1
  • 15
    • 0025265926 scopus 로고
    • The role of glutamate neurotoxicity in hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death
    • Choi DW. The role of glutamate neurotoxicity in hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death. Annu Rev Neurosci 1990;13:171-182.
    • (1990) Annu Rev Neurosci , vol.13 , pp. 171-182
    • Choi, D.W.1
  • 16
    • 0023870521 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology of glutamate neurotoxicity in cortical cell culture:attenuation by NMDA antagonists
    • Choi DW, Koh J, Peters. Pharmacology of glutamate neurotoxicity in cortical cell culture:attenuation by NMDA antagonists. J Neurosci 1988;8:185-196.
    • (1988) J Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 185-196
    • Choi, D.W.1    Koh, J.P.2
  • 17
    • 0024365739 scopus 로고
    • The role of excitatory amino acids and NMDA receptors in traumatic brain injury
    • Faden AI, Demediuk P, Panter SS, et al. The role of excitatory amino acids and NMDA receptors in traumatic brain injury. Science 1989;244:798-800.
    • (1989) Science , vol.244 , pp. 798-800
    • Faden, A.I.1    Demediuk, P.2    Panter, S.S.3
  • 18
    • 0028762647 scopus 로고
    • Excitatory amino acids as a final common pathway for neurologic disorders
    • Lipton SA, Rosenberg PA. Excitatory amino acids as a final common pathway for neurologic disorders. New Engl J Med 1994;330:613-622.
    • (1994) New Engl J Med , vol.330 , pp. 613-622
    • Lipton, S.A.1    Rosenberg, P.A.2
  • 19
    • 0023740854 scopus 로고
    • Historical overview: calcium, ischemia, and death of brain cells
    • Siesjo BK. Historical overview: calcium, ischemia, and death of brain cells. Ann NY Acad Sci 1988;522:638-661.
    • (1988) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.522 , pp. 638-661
    • Siesjo, B.K.1
  • 20
    • 0030015166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normal and abnormal calcium homeostasis in neurons: a basis for the pathophysiology of traumatic and ischemic central nervous system injury
    • Tymianski M, Tator CH. Normal and abnormal calcium homeostasis in neurons: a basis for the pathophysiology of traumatic and ischemic central nervous system injury. Neurosurgery 1996;38:1176-1195.
    • (1996) Neurosurgery , vol.38 , pp. 1176-1195
    • Tymianski, M.1    Tator, C.H.2
  • 21
    • 0027944232 scopus 로고
    • Thoracolumbar spine fractures with neurologic deficit
    • Chapman JR, Anderson PA. Thoracolumbar spine fractures with neurologic deficit. Orthop Clin North Am 1994;25:595-612.
    • (1994) Orthop Clin North Am , vol.25 , pp. 595-612
    • Chapman, J.R.1    Anderson, P.A.2
  • 22
    • 0021011489 scopus 로고
    • Spine-spinal cord relationships in spinal cord trauma
    • Tator CH. Spine-spinal cord relationships in spinal cord trauma. Clin Neurosurg 1983;30:479-494.
    • (1983) Clin Neurosurg , vol.30 , pp. 479-494
    • Tator, C.H.1
  • 23
    • 0000695642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of thoracic fractures
    • In Menezes AH and Sonntag VKH (eds), McGraw-Hill, New York
    • Fessler RG, Masson RL. Management of thoracic fractures. In Menezes AH and Sonntag VKH (eds): Principles of Spinal Surgery. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996, pp. 899-918.
    • (1996) Principles of Spinal Surgery , pp. 899-918
    • Fessler, R.G.1    Masson, R.L.2
  • 24
    • 0021741995 scopus 로고
    • Cervical sagittal spinal canal size in spine injury
    • Eismont FJ, Clifford S, Goldberg M, et al. Cervical sagittal spinal canal size in spine injury. Spine 1984;9:663-666.
    • (1984) Spine , vol.9 , pp. 663-666
    • Eismont, F.J.1    Clifford, S.2    Goldberg, M.3
  • 25
    • 0022527394 scopus 로고
    • A pharmacological analysis of the pathophysiological mechanisms of posttraumatic spinal cord ischemia
    • Hall ED, Wolf DL. A pharmacological analysis of the pathophysiological mechanisms of posttraumatic spinal cord ischemia. J Neurosurg 1986;64:951-961.
    • (1986) J Neurosurg , vol.64 , pp. 951-961
    • Hall, E.D.1    Wolf, D.L.2
  • 26
    • 0017199445 scopus 로고
    • Review of the effect of spinal cord trauma on the vessels and blood flow in the spinal cord
    • Sandler AN, Tator CH. Review of the effect of spinal cord trauma on the vessels and blood flow in the spinal cord. J Neurosurg 1976;45:638-646.
    • (1976) J Neurosurg , vol.45 , pp. 638-646
    • Sandler, A.N.1    Tator, C.H.2
  • 27
    • 0031017950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular mechanisms in the pathophysiology of human spinal cord injury
    • Tator CH, Koyanagi I. Vascular mechanisms in the pathophysiology of human spinal cord injury. J Neurosurg 1997;86:483-492.
    • (1997) J Neurosurg , vol.86 , pp. 483-492
    • Tator, C.H.1    Koyanagi, I.2
  • 28
    • 0027250516 scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional analysis of the vascular system in the rat spinal cord with scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion cast. Part 2: Acute spinal cord injury
    • Koyanagi I, Tator CH, Lea PJ. Three-dimensional analysis of the vascular system in the rat spinal cord with scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion cast. Part 2: Acute spinal cord injury. Neurosurgery 1993;33:285-291.
    • (1993) Neurosurgery , vol.33 , pp. 285-291
    • Koyanagi, I.1    Tator, C.H.2    Lea, P.J.3
  • 29
    • 0028535113 scopus 로고
    • Anatomy and physiology of glutamate in the CNS
    • Greenamyre JT, Porter RH. Anatomy and physiology of glutamate in the CNS. Neurology 1994;44(Suppl 8):S7-S13.
    • (1994) Neurology , vol.44 , Issue.SUPPL. 8
    • Greenamyre, J.T.1    Porter, R.H.2
  • 30
    • 0022620257 scopus 로고
    • Glutamate and the pathophysiology of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage
    • Rothman SM, Olney JW. Glutamate and the pathophysiology of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Ann Neurol 1986;19:105-111.
    • (1986) Ann Neurol , vol.19 , pp. 105-111
    • Rothman, S.M.1    Olney, J.W.2
  • 31
    • 0030054133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amelioration of functional deficits from spinal cord trauma with systemically administered NBQX, an antagonist of non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors
    • Wrathall JR, Teng YD, Choiniere D. Amelioration of functional deficits from spinal cord trauma with systemically administered NBQX, an antagonist of non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Exp Neurol 1996;137:119-126.
    • (1996) Exp Neurol , vol.137 , pp. 119-126
    • Wrathall, J.R.1    Teng, Y.D.2    Choiniere, D.3
  • 32
    • 0021849126 scopus 로고
    • Alteration of thromboxane and prostacyclin levels in experimental spinal cord injury
    • Hsu CY, Halushka PV, Hogan EL, et al. Alteration of thromboxane and prostacyclin levels in experimental spinal cord injury. Neurology 1985;35:1003-1009.
    • (1985) Neurology , vol.35 , pp. 1003-1009
    • Hsu, C.Y.1    Halushka, P.V.2    Hogan, E.L.3
  • 33
    • 0027389031 scopus 로고
    • The role of oxygen radicals in traumatic injury: clinical implications
    • Hall ED. The role of oxygen radicals in traumatic injury: clinical implications. J Emerg Med 1993;11:31-36.
    • (1993) J Emerg Med , vol.11 , pp. 31-36
    • Hall, E.D.1
  • 34
    • 0024317514 scopus 로고
    • Changes in xanthine oxidase in ischemic rat brain
    • Kinuta Y, Kimura M, Itokawa Y, et al. Changes in xanthine oxidase in ischemic rat brain. J Neurosurgery 1989;71:417-420.
    • (1989) J Neurosurgery , vol.71 , pp. 417-420
    • Kinuta, Y.1    Kimura, M.2    Itokawa, Y.3
  • 35
    • 0031020308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of NMDA and non-NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptors in traumatic spinal cord axonal injury
    • Agrawal SK, Fehlings MG. Role of NMDA and non-NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptors in traumatic spinal cord axonal injury. J Neurosci 1997;17:1055-1063.
    • (1997) J Neurosci , vol.17 , pp. 1055-1063
    • Agrawal, S.K.1    Fehlings, M.G.2
  • 36
    • 0021229886 scopus 로고
    • Neurological recovery following injuries to the cervical spinal cord and nerve roots
    • Stauffer ES. Neurological recovery following injuries to the cervical spinal cord and nerve roots. Spine 1984;9:532-534.
    • (1984) Spine , vol.9 , pp. 532-534
    • Stauffer, E.S.1
  • 37
    • 0026432654 scopus 로고
    • Recovery of motor function after spinal-cord injury - a randomized placebo-controlled trial with GM-1 ganglioside
    • Geisler FH, Dorsey FC, Coleman WP. Recovery of motor function after spinal-cord injury - a randomized placebo-controlled trial with GM-1 ganglioside. New Engl J Med 1991;324:1829-1838.
    • (1991) New Engl J Med , vol.324 , pp. 1829-1838
    • Geisler, F.H.1    Dorsey, F.C.2    Coleman, W.P.3
  • 38
    • 0016738442 scopus 로고
    • Immediate consequences of spinal cord injury: possible role of potassium in axonal conduction block
    • Eidelberg E, Sullivan J, Brigham A. Immediate consequences of spinal cord injury: possible role of potassium in axonal conduction block. Surg Neurol 1975;3:317-321.
    • (1975) Surg Neurol , vol.3 , pp. 317-321
    • Eidelberg, E.1    Sullivan, J.2    Brigham, A.3
  • 39
    • 0016683741 scopus 로고
    • The neuronal theory of experimental traumatic spinal cord dysfunction
    • Kobrine AI. The neuronal theory of experimental traumatic spinal cord dysfunction. Surg Neurol 1975;3:261-264.
    • (1975) Surg Neurol , vol.3 , pp. 261-264
    • Kobrine, A.I.1
  • 40
    • 0021724328 scopus 로고
    • Regeneration in the human spinal cord: a review of the response to injury of the various constituents of the human spinal cord
    • Hughes TJ. Regeneration in the human spinal cord: a review of the response to injury of the various constituents of the human spinal cord. Paraplegia 1984;22:131-137.
    • (1984) Paraplegia , vol.22 , pp. 131-137
    • Hughes, T.J.1
  • 41
    • 0023127634 scopus 로고
    • Chronic regenerative changes in the spinal cord after cord compression injury in rats
    • Wallace MC, Tator CH, Lewis AJ. Chronic regenerative changes in the spinal cord after cord compression injury in rats. Surg Neurol 1987;27:209-219.
    • (1987) Surg Neurol , vol.27 , pp. 209-219
    • Wallace, M.C.1    Tator, C.H.2    Lewis, A.J.3
  • 42
    • 0024322029 scopus 로고
    • Central axons in injured cat spinal cord recover electrophysiological function following remyelination by Schwann cells
    • Blight AR, Young W. Central axons in injured cat spinal cord recover electrophysiological function following remyelination by Schwann cells. J Neurol Sci 1989; 91:15-34.
    • (1989) J Neurol Sci , vol.91 , pp. 15-34
    • Blight, A.R.1    Young, W.2
  • 43
    • 0027487867 scopus 로고
    • Expanding roles for the Schwann cell: ensheathment, myelination, trophism and regeneration
    • Bunge RP. Expanding roles for the Schwann cell: ensheathment, myelination, trophism and regeneration. Curr Opin Neurobiol 1993;3:805-809.
    • (1993) Curr Opin Neurobiol , vol.3 , pp. 805-809
    • Bunge, R.P.1
  • 44
    • 0028870347 scopus 로고
    • Axonal regeneration into Schwann cell-seeded guidance channels grafted into transected adult rat spinal cord
    • Xu XM, Guenard V, Kleitman N, et al. Axonal regeneration into Schwann cell-seeded guidance channels grafted into transected adult rat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1995; 351:145-160.
    • (1995) J Comp Neurol , vol.351 , pp. 145-160
    • Xu, X.M.1    Guenard, V.2    Kleitman, N.3
  • 45
    • 0029840835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord repair in adult paraplegic rats: partial restoration of hind limb function
    • Cheng H, Cao Y, Olson L. Spinal cord repair in adult paraplegic rats: partial restoration of hind limb function. Science 1996;273:510-513.
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 510-513
    • Cheng, H.1    Cao, Y.2    Olson, L.3
  • 46
    • 0018908523 scopus 로고
    • Axons from CNS neurones regenerate into PNS grafts
    • Richardson PM, McGuinness UM, Aguayo AJ. Axons from CNS neurones regenerate into PNS grafts. Nature 1980;284:264-265.
    • (1980) Nature , vol.284 , pp. 264-265
    • Richardson, P.M.1    McGuinness, U.M.2    Aguayo, A.J.3
  • 47
    • 0014340364 scopus 로고
    • Morphology of the regenerated spinal cord in the lizard, Anolis carolinensis
    • Simpson SB. Morphology of the regenerated spinal cord in the lizard, Anolis carolinensis. J Comp Neurol 1968;134:193-210.
    • (1968) J Comp Neurol , vol.134 , pp. 193-210
    • Simpson, S.B.1
  • 48
    • 0029860591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multipotent CNS stem cells are present in the adult mammalian spinal cord and ventricular neuroaxis
    • Weiss S, Dunne C, Hewson J, et al. Multipotent CNS stem cells are present in the adult mammalian spinal cord and ventricular neuroaxis. J Neurosci 1996;16:7599-7609.
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 7599-7609
    • Weiss, S.1    Dunne, C.2    Hewson, J.3
  • 49
    • 0028807384 scopus 로고
    • Rapid, widespread, and longlasting induction of nestin contributes to the generation of glial scar tissue after CNS injury
    • Frisen J, Johansson CB, Torok C, et al. Rapid, widespread, and longlasting induction of nestin contributes to the generation of glial scar tissue after CNS injury. J Cell Biol 1995; 131:453-464.
    • (1995) J Cell Biol , vol.131 , pp. 453-464
    • Frisen, J.1    Johansson, C.B.2    Torok, C.3
  • 50
    • 0028115777 scopus 로고
    • Neurotrophin-3 enhances sprouting of corticospinal tract during development and after adult spinal cord lesion
    • Schnell L, Schneider R, Kolbeck R, et al. Neurotrophin-3 enhances sprouting of corticospinal tract during development and after adult spinal cord lesion. Nature 1994; 367:170-173.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.367 , pp. 170-173
    • Schnell, L.1    Schneider, R.2    Kolbeck, R.3
  • 51
    • 0027367088 scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord transection in adult rats: effects of local infusion of nerve growth factor on the corticospinal tract axons
    • Fernandez E, Pallini R, Lauretti L, et al. Spinal cord transection in adult rats: effects of local infusion of nerve growth factor on the corticospinal tract axons. Neurosurgery 1993; 33:889-893.
    • (1993) Neurosurgery , vol.33 , pp. 889-893
    • Fernandez, E.1    Pallini, R.2    Lauretti, L.3
  • 52
    • 0031028248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrathecal ciliary neurotrophic factor delivery for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (phase 1 trial)
    • Penn RD, Kroin JS, York MM, et al. Intrathecal ciliary neurotrophic factor delivery for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (phase 1 trial). Neurosurgery 1997;40:94-100.
    • (1997) Neurosurgery , vol.40 , pp. 94-100
    • Penn, R.D.1    Kroin, J.S.2    York, M.M.3
  • 53
    • 0027954265 scopus 로고
    • The effects of methylprednisolone and the ganglioside GM1 on acute spinal cord injury in rats
    • Constantini S, Young W. The effects of methylprednisolone and the ganglioside GM1 on acute spinal cord injury in rats. J Neurosurg 1994;80:97-111.
    • (1994) J Neurosurg , vol.80 , pp. 97-111
    • Constantini, S.1    Young, W.2
  • 54
    • 0023782824 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological therapy of acute spinal cord injury:studies of high dose methylprednisolone and naloxone
    • Young W, DeCescito V, Flamm ES, et al. Pharmacological therapy of acute spinal cord injury:studies of high dose methylprednisolone and naloxone. Clin Neurosurg 1988;36:675-697.
    • (1988) Clin Neurosurg , vol.36 , pp. 675-697
    • Young, W.1    DeCescito, V.2    Flamm, E.S.3
  • 55
    • 0032911902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical controversies in the management of spinal cord injury
    • Amar AP, Levy ML. Surgical controversies in the management of spinal cord injury. J Am Coll Surg 1999;188:550-566.
    • (1999) J Am Coll Surg , vol.188 , pp. 550-566
    • Amar, A.P.1    Levy, M.L.2
  • 56
    • 0035099662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural transplantation in spinal cord injury
    • Christie SD, Mendez I. Neural transplantation in spinal cord injury. Can J Neurol Sci 2001;28:6-15.
    • (2001) Can J Neurol Sci , vol.28 , pp. 6-15
    • Christie, S.D.1    Mendez, I.2
  • 57
    • 0033759861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olfactory ensheathing cells: bridging the gap in spinal cord injury
    • Bartolomei JC, Greer CA. Olfactory ensheathing cells: bridging the gap in spinal cord injury. Neurosurgery 2000;47:1057-1069.
    • (2000) Neurosurgery , vol.47 , pp. 1057-1069
    • Bartolomei, J.C.1    Greer, C.A.2
  • 58
    • 0034518208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular transplantation and spinal cord injury
    • Barami K, Diaz FG. Cellular transplantation and spinal cord injury. Neurosurgery 2000; 47:691-700.
    • (2000) Neurosurgery , vol.47 , pp. 691-700
    • Barami, K.1    Diaz, F.G.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.