Effect of radio frequency sputtering power on W-TiO 2 nanotubes to improve photoelectrochemical performance

Journal of Materials Research

Volumn 27, Issue 13, 2012, Pages 1695-1704

  Lai, Chin Wei ^a   Sreekantan, Srimala ^a   Sane, Pei ^a  

^a SCHOOL OF PHYSICS   (Malaysia)

Author keywords

anodization; photoelectrochemical; radio frequency sputtering; Titania nanotubes; Tungsten trioxide

Indexed keywords

ANODIZATIONS; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICALS; RADIO FREQUENCY SPUTTERING; TITANIA NANOTUBES; TUNGSTEN TRIOXIDE;

ELECTROCHEMISTRY; SEPARATION; TITANIUM DIOXIDE; TUNGSTEN;

NANOTUBES;

EID: 84862523155     PISSN: 08842914     EISSN: 20445326     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2012.163     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. J. Ohi: Hydrogen energy cycle: An overview. J. Mater. Res. 20, 3167 (2005).
2. E.Y. Kim, J.H. Park, and G.Y. Han: Design of TiO2 nanotube arraybased water-splitting reactor for hydrogen generation. J. Power Sources 184, 284 (2008).
3. K. Yu and J. Chen: Enhancing solar cell efficiencies through 1-D nanostructures. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 4, 1 (2009).
4. M. Kitano, M. Matsuoka, M. Ueshima, and M. Anpo: Recent developments in titanium oxide-based photocatalysts. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 325, 1 (2007).
5. K. Takahashi, M. Uno, M. Okui, and S. Yamanaka: Photoelectrochemical properties and band structure of oxide films on zirconium-transition metal alloys. J. Alloy Compd. 421, 303 (2006).
6. 2 nanotubes on Ti meshes: Efficient photoanodes for water photoelectrolysis. J. Mater. Chem. 21, 10354 (2011).
7. 2-nanotube hydrogen sensor able to self-clean photoactively from environmental contamination. J. Mater. Res. 19, 628 (2004).
8. 2 nanotube arrays for hydrogen generation. Int. J. Hydrogen Energ. 35, 8528 (2010).
9. M. Fernandez-Garcia,A.Martinez-Arias, A. Fuerte, and J.C. Conesa: Nanostructured Ti-W mixed-metal oxides: Structural and electronic properties. J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 6075 (2005).
10. B. Marsen, E.L. Miller, D. Paluselli, and R.E. Rocheleau: Progress in sputtered tungsten trioxide for photoelectrode applications. Int. J. Hydrogen Energ. 32, 3110 (2007).
11. 2 nanotube arrays: Reducing the dimensionality of transport and recombination in dye-sensitized solar cells. Nano lett. 7, 3739 (2007).
12. 2 nanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic activity. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 91, 397 (2009).
13. 2 nanophotocatalyst with high visible light activity. J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 6976 (2007).
14. 2 spheres with visible light photocatalytic activity. Chem. Commun. 111, 1115 (2006).
15. S.K. Mohapatra, V.K. Mahajan, and M. Misra: Double-side illuminated titania nanotubes for high volume hydrogen generation by water splitting. Nanotechnology 18, 445705 (2007).
16. 2 nanodisc thin films. Electrochem. Commun. 11, 1211 (2009).
17. 2 composite thin films for hydrogen production by photocatalytic water splitting. Int. J. Hydrogen Energ. 34, 5337 (2009).
18. 2 photocatalysis and related surface phenomena. Surf. Sci. Rep. 63, 515 (2008).
19. Y. Xie, L. Zhou, and J. Lu: Photoelectrochemical behavior of titania nanotube array grown on nanocrystalline titanium. J. Mater. Sci. 44, 2907 (2009).
20. 2 and visible light: Kinetic and mechanistic effect using multiple catalyst doping strategies. J. Photoch. Photobio. A Chem. 207, 197 (2009).
21. 2 for hydrogen production. Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 11, 401 (2007).
22. Q. Cai, M. Paulose, O.K. Varghese, and C.A. Grimes: The effect of electrolyte composition on the fabrication of self-organized titanium oxide nanotube arrays by anodic oxidation. J. Mater. Res. 20, 230 (2005).
23. D. Gong, C.A. Grimes, and O.K. Varghese: Titanium oxide nanotube arrays prepared by anodic oxidation. J. Mater. Res. 16, 3331 (2001).
24. 2 nanotube array. J. Mater. Res. 20, 1093 (2005).
25. 2 films: Effect of theWO3 structures on charge separation behavior. Top. Catal. 47, 148(2008).
26. 2 nanotube array electrode. J. Mater. Sci. 46, 416 (2011).
27. 2 nanocomposite particles. Mater. Lett. 62, 447 (2008).
28. 2 photocatalyst. J. Hazard. Mater. 177, 781 (2010).
29. C.H. Choi,W.I. Cho,B.W.Cho,H.S.Kim,Y.S.Yoon, andY.S. Tak: Radio frequency magnetron sputtering power effect on the ionic conductivities of lipon films. Electrochem. Solid St. 5, 14 (2002).
30. S. Zhang, D. Sun, Y. Fu, H. Du, and Q. Zhang: Effect of sputtering target power density on topography and residual stress during growth of nanocomposite nc-TiN/a-SiNx thin films. Diam. Relat. Mater. 13, 1777 (2004).
31. K. Kim, M. Park, W. Lee, H.W. Kim, J.G. Lee, and C. Lee: Effects of sputtering power on mechanical properties of Cr films deposited by magnetron sputtering. Mater. Sci. Tech. Ser. 24, 838 (2008).
32. 2 films prepared by magnetron sputtering. Thin Solid Films 517, 6569 (2009).
33. K.C. Aw, Z. Tsakadze, A. Lohani, and S. Mhaisalkar: Influence of radio frequency sputtering power towards the properties of indium zinc oxide semiconducting films. Scr. Mater. 60, 48 (2009).
34. 2. J. Electrochem. Soc. 158, C1 (2011).
35. 2 thermochromic thin films for smart windows with active solar control. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 9, 4220 (2009).
36. 2 nanotubes prepared by different organic electrolyte. Optoelectron. Adv. Mat. 6, 82 (2012).
37. 2 nanotubes formed by anodization method. Thin Solid Films 518, 16 (2009).
38. 2 nanotube arrays: Fabrication, material properties, and solar energy applications. Sol. Energ. Mat. Sol. C 90, 2011 (2006).
39. 2 nanotubular arrays for photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation: Effect of crystallization and defect structures, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41, 125307 (2008).
40. K.S. Ahn, S.H. Lee, A.C. Dillon, E. Tracy, and R. Pitts: The effect of thermal annealing on photoelectrochemical responses of WO3 thin films. J. Appl. Phys. 101, 093524 (2007).
41. L.D. Sun, S. Zhang, X.W. Sun, and X.D. He: Effect of geometry of the anodized titania nanotube array on the performance of dyesensitized solar cells. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 10, 4551 (2010).
42. A. Sclafani and J.M. Herrmann: Influence of metallic silver and of platinum-silver bimetallic deposits on the photocatalytic activity of titania (anatase and rutile) in organic and aqueous method. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 113, 181 (1998).
43. J. Jaturong, P. Sarapong, S. Yoshikazu, and Y. Susumu: Synthesis and photocatalytic activity for water-splitting reaction of nanocrystalline mesoporous titania prepared by hydrothermal method. J. Solid State Chem. 180, 1743 (2007).
44. 2. J. Catal. 234, 438 (2005).
45. 2-WO3 polycrystalline ceramics. Mater. Res. Bull. 39, 2007 (2004).
46. 2 composites with morphology change via hydrothermal templatefree route as an efficient visible light photocatalyst, Chem. Eng. J. 166, 906 (2011).
47. 2 films for visible light photoelectrocatalytic degradation of dodecyl-benzenesulfonate, Chem. Eng. J. 167, 190 (2011).
48. 2 photocatalysts: Effects on photobleaching kinetics and mechanism, J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 1094 (2008).
49. D.S. Kim, J.H. Yang, S. Balaji, H.J. Cho, M.K. Kim, D.U. Kang, Y. Djaoued, and Y.U. Kwon: Hydrothermal synthesis of anatase nanocrystals with lattice and surface doping tungsten species, Cryst. Eng. Comm. 11, 1621 (2009).
50. 2 (101) anatase surface: Density functional study, J. Phys. Chem. C 115, 16970 (2011).
51. 2 nanotubes. J. Mater. Chem. 17, 1451 (2007).
52. 2 nanotube arrays and its photoelectrochemical response. J. Nanomater. 2011, 142463 (2011).