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1
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0028870592
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Asthma and wheezing in the first six years of life. The Group Health Medical Associates
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Martinez FD, Wright AL, Taussig LM, et al. Asthma and wheezing in the first six years of life. The Group Health Medical Associates. N Engl J Med 1995;332:133-138.
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Martinez, F.D.1
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77954366044
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Phenotypes of childhood asthma: Are they real?
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This review discusses research related to childhood asthma phenotypes and highlights the need for a multidimensional approach to refine classical phenotypes
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Spycher BD, Silverman M, Kuehni CE. Phenotypes of childhood asthma: are they real? Clin Exp Allergy 2010;40:1130-1141. This review discusses research related to childhood asthma phenotypes and highlights the need for a multidimensional approach to refine classical phenotypes.
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Spycher, B.D.1
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A clinical index to define risk of asthma in young children with recurrent wheezing
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Castro-Rodriguez JA, Holberg CJ, Wright AL, Martinez FD. A clinical index to define risk of asthma in young children with recurrent wheezing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;162(4 Pt 1):1403-1406.
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Castro-Rodriguez, J.A.1
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Castro-Rodriguez JA. The Asthma Predictive Index: a very useful tool for predicting asthma in young children [review]. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010;126:212-216.
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Castro-Rodriguez, J.A.1
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This study reviews the importance of determining risk of persistent asthma in young children with wheezing and discusses the utility of the API
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Castro-Rodriguez JA. The Asthma Predictive Index: early diagnosis of asthma [review]. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;11:157-161. This study reviews the importance of determining risk of persistent asthma in young children with wheezing and discusses the utility of the API.
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Castro-Rodriguez, J.A.1
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Stein RT, Holberg CJ, Morgan WJ, et al. Peak flow variability, methacholine responsiveness and atopy as markers for detecting different wheezing phenotypes in childhood. Thorax 1997;52:946-952.
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Martinez FD. What have we learned from the Tucson Children's Respiratory Study? [review]. Paediatr Respir Rev 2002;3:193-197.
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Stein RT, Martinez FD. Asthma phenotypes in childhood: lessons from an epidemiological approach. Paediatr Respir Rev 2004;5:155-161.
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Stein RT, Sherrill D, Morgan WJ, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus in early life and risk of wheeze and allergy by age 13 years. Lancet 1999;354:541-545.
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Sherriff A, Peters TJ, Henderson J, Strachan D. Risk factor associations with wheezing patterns in children followed longitudinally from birth to 3 (1/2) years. Int J Epidemiol 2001;30:1473-1484.
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Henderson J, Granell R, Heron J, et al. Associations of wheezing phenotypes in the first 6 years of life with atopy, lung function and airway responsiveness in mid-childhood. Thorax 2008;63:974-980.
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Novel wheezing phenotypes identified in the first eight years of life in the ALSPAC study were similar in the PIAMA study. Associations with asthma, atopy, bronchial hyper-responsiveness, and lung function were similar in the two cohorts. This recent study supports classical phenotype studies and expands upon previous findings using objective data and advanced statistical methods
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Savenije OE, Granell R, Caudri D, et al. Comparison of childhood wheezing phenotypes in 2 birth cohorts: ALSPAC and PIAMA. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;127:1505-1512 e14. Novel wheezing phenotypes identified in the first eight years of life in the ALSPAC study were similar in the PIAMA study. Associations with asthma, atopy, bronchial hyper-responsiveness, and lung function were similar in the two cohorts. This recent study supports classical phenotype studies and expands upon previous findings using objective data and advanced statistical methods.
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Savenije, O.E.1
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Brand PL, Baraldi E, Bisgaard H, et al. Definition, assessment and treatment of wheezing disorders in preschool children: an evidence-based approach [review]. Eur Respir J 2008;32:1096-1110.
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Symptom-pattern phenotype and pulmonary function in preschool wheezers
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This study is the first to demonstrate abnormal pulmonary function associated with the multiple-trigger wheezing phenotype in preschoolers
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Sonnappa S, Bastardo CM, Wade A, et al. Symptom-pattern phenotype and pulmonary function in preschool wheezers. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010;126:519-526 e1-7. This study is the first to demonstrate abnormal pulmonary function associated with the multiple-trigger wheezing phenotype in preschoolers.
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Sonnappa, S.1
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Schultz A, Devadason SG, Savenije OE, et al. The transient value of classifying preschool wheeze into episodic viral wheeze and multiple trigger wheeze. Acta Paediatrica 2010;99:56-60. This study highlights the instability of wheezing phenotypes.
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Schultz, A.1
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Fitzpatrick AM, Gaston BM, Erzurum SC, Teague WG. Features of severe asthma in school-age children: atopy and increased exhaled nitric oxide. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006;118:1218-1225.
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This review highlights recent insights into severe asthma in children derived from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Severe Asthma Research Program SARP
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Fitzpatrick AM, Teague WG. Severe asthma in children: insights from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Severe Asthma Research Program. Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol 2010;23:131-138. This review highlights recent insights into severe asthma in children derived from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP).
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Haland G, Carlsen KC, Sandvik L, et al. Reduced lung function at birth and the risk of asthma at 10 years of age. N Engl J Med 2006;355:1682-1689.
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21
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Heterogeneity of severe asthma in childhood: Confirmation by cluster analysis of children in the National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Severe Asthma Research Program
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This unique study demonstrates the utility of using an unsupervised cluster analysis to determine asthma phenotypes in school-aged children with persistent asthma across a range of severities. Children in these clusters had various degrees of atopy. Other major determinants of cluster assignment were duration of asthma, number of controller medications, and baseline lung function. FeNO concentrations and age of asthma onset were also factors
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Fitzpatrick AM, Teague WG, Meyers DA, et al. Heterogeneity of severe asthma in childhood: confirmation by cluster analysis of children in the National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Severe Asthma Research Program. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;127:382-329.e1-13. This unique study demonstrates the utility of using an unsupervised cluster analysis to determine asthma phenotypes in school-aged children with persistent asthma across a range of severities. Children in these clusters had various degrees of atopy. Other major determinants of cluster assignment were duration of asthma, number of controller medications, and baseline lung function. FeNO concentrations and age of asthma onset were also factors.
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Fitzpatrick, A.M.1
Teague, W.G.2
Meyers, D.A.3
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22
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77950215411
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The molecular phenotype of severe asthma in children
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This study applied linear discriminant analysis, a supervised method of highdimensional data reduction, to cytokines and chemokines measured in the BAL fluid and alveolar macrophage lysate to differentiate children with severe asthma from mild-moderate asthma. This illustrates a method that may be helpful in improving classification of children with asthma
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Fitzpatrick AM, Higgins M, Holguin F, et al. The molecular phenotype of severe asthma in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010;125:851-857.e18. This study applied linear discriminant analysis, a supervised method of highdimensional data reduction, to cytokines and chemokines measured in the BAL fluid and alveolar macrophage lysate to differentiate children with severe asthma from mild-moderate asthma. This illustrates a method that may be helpful in improving classification of children with asthma.
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Fitzpatrick, A.M.1
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Lex C, Payne DN, Zacharasiewicz A, et al. Sputum induction in children with difficult asthma: safety, feasibility, and inflammatory cell pattern. Pediatr Pulmonol 2005;39:318-324.
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26
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77956551705
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Does airway allergic inflammation preexist before late onset wheeze in children?
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This study compared cellular and cytokine data from BAL performed in children who later developed persistent wheeze and those who never wheezed, showing that airway inflammation preceded development of clinical symptoms
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Thavagnanam S, Williamson G, Ennis M, et al. Does airway allergic inflammation preexist before late onset wheeze in children? Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2010;21:1002-1007. This study compared cellular and cytokine data from BAL performed in children who later developed persistent wheeze and those who never wheezed, showing that airway inflammation preceded development of clinical symptoms.
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82255173857
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This study highlights the contribution of bacterial infections to persistent wheezing and airway neutrophilia in preschool children. The majority of children with severe persistent wheeze and bacterial infection had improvement in symptoms after antibiotics
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Schwerk N, Brinkmann F, Soudah B, et al. Wheeze in preschool age is associated with pulmonary bacterial infection and resolves after antibiotic therapy. PLoS One 2011;6:e27913. This study highlights the contribution of bacterial infections to persistent wheezing and airway neutrophilia in preschool children. The majority of children with severe persistent wheeze and bacterial infection had improvement in symptoms after antibiotics.
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PLoS One
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Schwerk, N.1
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Covar RA, Strunk R, Zeiger RS, et al. Predictors of remitting, periodic, and persistent childhood asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010;125:359-366.e3.
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This prospective birth cohort study showed that acute wheezy episodes in young children were significantly associated with bacterial infections similar to but independent of the association with viral infections. This supports the association between respiratory infections and wheezing
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Bisgaard H, Hermansen MN, Bonnelykke K, et al. Association of bacteria and viruses with wheezy episodes in young children: prospective birth cohort study. BMJ 2010;341:c4978. This prospective birth cohort study showed that acute wheezy episodes in young children were significantly associated with bacterial infections similar to but independent of the association with viral infections. This supports the association between respiratory infections and wheezing.
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BMJ
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Bisgaard, H.1
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Stern DA, Morgan WJ, Halonen M, et al. Wheezing and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in early childhood as predictors of newly diagnosed asthma in early adulthood: a longitudinal birth-cohort study. Lancet 2008;372:1058-1064.
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Kurukulaaratchy RJ, Fenn MH, Waterhouse LM, et al. Characterization of wheezing phenotypes in the first 10 years of life. Clin Exp Allergy 2003;33:573-578.
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35
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77951165723
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Lung function and bronchodilator response in 4-year-old children with different wheezing phenotypes
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This study was unique in that it examined the association between pre and postbronchodilator lung function and the wheezing phenotype in preschool children
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Oostveen E, Dom S, Desager K, et al. Lung function and bronchodilator response in 4-year-old children with different wheezing phenotypes. Eur Respir J 2010;35:865-872. This study was unique in that it examined the association between pre and postbronchodilator lung function and the wheezing phenotype in preschool children.
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Sly PD, Kusel M, Holt PG. Do early-life viral infections cause asthma? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010;125:1202-1205. This review discusses the link between early viral lower respiratory infections and later asthma.
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Martinez FD. The connection between early life wheezing and subsequent asthma: the viral march. Allergol Immunopathol 2009;37:249-251.
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Holt PG, Upham JW, Sly PD. Contemporaneous maturation of immunologic and respiratory functions during early childhood: implications for development of asthma prevention strategies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005;116:16-24; quiz 25.
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Kusel MM, de Klerk NH, Kebadze T, et al. Early-life respiratory viral infections, atopic sensitization, and risk of subsequent development of persistent asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;119:1105-1110.
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Hartert TV. Are persons with asthma at increased risk of pneumococcal infections, and can we prevent them? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008;122:724-725.
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Juhn YJ, Kita H, Yawn BP, et al. Increased risk of serious pneumococcal disease in patients with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008;122:719-723.
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Juhn, Y.J.1
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50
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Guilbert TW, Morgan WJ, Zeiger RS, et al. Atopic characteristics of children with recurrent wheezing at high risk for the development of childhood asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004;114:1282-1287.
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Guilbert, T.W.1
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Zeiger, R.S.3
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51
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79957856209
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Validation of the asthma predictive index and comparison with simpler clinical prediction rules
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This study validated the API developed in the Tucson cohort in children from the population-based Leicester Respiratory Cohort, and also showed that a similar prediction could be made using simpler rules
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Leonardi NA, Spycher BD, Strippoli MP, et al. Validation of the asthma predictive index and comparison with simpler clinical prediction rules. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;127:1466-1472.e6. This study validated the API developed in the Tucson cohort in children from the population-based Leicester Respiratory Cohort, and also showed that a similar prediction could be made using simpler rules.
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J Allergy Clin Immunol
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Leonardi, N.A.1
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52
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78650879413
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The Asthma Predictive Index: Not a useful tool in clinical practice [letter]
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This article discusses the low sensitivity of the API in identifying those who will develop persistent asthma, and the challenges of applying this to clinical practice
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Brand PL. The Asthma Predictive Index: not a useful tool in clinical practice [letter]. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;127:293-294. This article discusses the low sensitivity of the API in identifying those who will develop persistent asthma, and the challenges of applying this to clinical practice.
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J Allergy Clin Immunol
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Brand, P.L.1
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53
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Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma: Summary Report 2007
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Expert Panel Report 3 EPR-3
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Expert Panel Report 3 (EPR-3). Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma: Summary Report 2007. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;120(5 Suppl):S94-S138.
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54
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Long-term inhaled corticosteroids in preschool children at high risk for asthma
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Guilbert TW, Morgan WJ, Zeiger RS, et al. Long-term inhaled corticosteroids in preschool children at high risk for asthma. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1985-1997.
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Guilbert, T.W.1
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55
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Ciclesonide in wheezy preschool children with a positive asthma predictive index or atopy
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This is one of the few large-scale studies that have examined inhaled corticosteroid treatment in preschool children with recurrent wheeze. In preschool children with recurrent wheeze and a positive API, ciclesonide reduced wheeze exacerbation rates and improved lung function. A large placebo response and unexpected selection of patients with mild disease may have affected outcomes, highlighting the heterogeneity of preschool wheezing disorders
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Brand PL, Luz Garcia-Garcia M, Morison A, et al. Ciclesonide in wheezy preschool children with a positive asthma predictive index or atopy. Respir Med 2011;105:1588-1595. This is one of the few large-scale studies that have examined inhaled corticosteroid treatment in preschool children with recurrent wheeze. In preschool children with recurrent wheeze and a positive API, ciclesonide reduced wheeze exacerbation rates and improved lung function. A large placebo response and unexpected selection of patients with mild disease may have affected outcomes, highlighting the heterogeneity of preschool wheezing disorders.
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(2011)
Respir Med
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Brand, P.L.1
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Severity of obstructive airways disease by age 2 years predicts asthma at 10 years of age
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Devulapalli CS, Carlsen KC, Haland G, et al. Severity of obstructive airways disease by age 2 years predicts asthma at 10 years of age. Thorax 2008;63:8-13.
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Thorax
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Predicting the long-term prognosis of children with symptoms suggestive of asthma at preschool age
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Caudri D, Wijga A, A'Schipper CM, et al. Predicting the long-term prognosis of children with symptoms suggestive of asthma at preschool age. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009;124:903-910.e1-7.
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59
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77956795470
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Evaluation studies in children from the PIAMA birth cohort with preschool wheezing. Both FeNO and specific IgE measured at 4 years of age improved the prediction of asthma symptoms until the age of 8 years, independent of clinical history
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Caudri D, Wijga AH, Hoekstra MO, et al. Prediction of asthma in symptomatic preschool children using exhaled nitric oxide, Rint and specific IgE. Thorax 2010;65:801-807. Evaluation studies in children from the PIAMA birth cohort with preschool wheezing. Both FeNO and specific IgE measured at 4 years of age improved the prediction of asthma symptoms until the age of 8 years, independent of clinical history.
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Thorax
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Caudri, D.1
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60
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Long-term inhaled corticosteroids in preschool children at high risk for asthma
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Guilbert TW, Morgan WJ, Zeiger RS, et al. Long-term inhaled corticosteroids in preschool children at high risk for asthma. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1985-1997.
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(2006)
N Engl J Med
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Guilbert, T.W.1
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Zeiger, R.S.3
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61
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Montelukast reduces asthma exacerbations in 2-to 5-year-old children with intermittent asthma
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Bisgaard H, Zielen S, Garcia-Garcia ML, et al. Montelukast reduces asthma exacerbations in 2-to 5-year-old children with intermittent asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005;171:315-322.
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Am J Respir Crit Care Med
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Ducharme FM, Lemire C, Noya FJ, et al. Preemptive use of high-dose fluticasone for virus-induced wheezing in young children. N Engl J Med 2009;360:339-353.
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Ducharme, F.M.1
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Noya, F.J.3
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63
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Daily or intermittent budesonide in preschool children with recurrent wheezing
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This study demonstrates that a daily low-dose regimen of budesonide was not superior to an intermittent high-dose regimen in reducing asthma exacerbations in children who had a positive modified API, recurrent wheezing episodes, and at least one exacerbation in the previous year
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Zeiger RS, Mauger D, Bacharier LB, et al. Daily or intermittent budesonide in preschool children with recurrent wheezing. N Engl J Med 2011;365:1990-2001. This study demonstrates that a daily low-dose regimen of budesonide was not superior to an intermittent high-dose regimen in reducing asthma exacerbations in children who had a positive modified API, recurrent wheezing episodes, and at least one exacerbation in the previous year.
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N Engl J Med
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Zeiger, R.S.1
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Short term efficacy of nebulized beclomethasone in mild-to-moderate wheezing episodes in preschool children
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Papi A, Nicolini G, Boner AL, et al. Short term efficacy of nebulized beclomethasone in mild-to-moderate wheezing episodes in preschool children. Ital J Pediatr 2011;37:39.
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Ital J Pediatr
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Papi, A.1
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66
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82755178696
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A protective role for periostin and TGFbeta in IgE-mediated allergy and airway hyperresponsiveness
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This study explores the role of periostin in airway hyper-responsiveness in mice
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Gordon ED, Sidhu SS, Wang ZE, et al. A protective role for periostin and TGFbeta in IgE-mediated allergy and airway hyperresponsiveness. Clin Exp Allergy 2012;42:144-155. This study explores the role of periostin in airway hyper-responsiveness in mice.
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Clin Exp Allergy
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Gordon, E.D.1
Sidhu, S.S.2
Wang, Z.E.3
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67
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Low IFN-gamma production in the first year of life as a predictor of wheeze during childhood
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Stern DA, Guerra S, Halonen M, et al. Low IFN-gamma production in the first year of life as a predictor of wheeze during childhood. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;120:835-841.
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Stern, D.A.1
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68
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Persistent wheezing in very young children is associated with lower respiratory inflammation
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Krawiec ME, Westcott JY, Chu HW, et al. Persistent wheezing in very young children is associated with lower respiratory inflammation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001;163:1338-1343.
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Am J Respir Crit Care Med
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Krawiec, M.E.1
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Chu, H.W.3
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69
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Saglani S, Malmstrom K, Pelkonen AS, et al. Airway remodeling and inflammation in symptomatic infants with reversible airflow obstruction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005;171:722-727.
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Am J Respir Crit Care Med
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70
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Early detection of airway wall remodeling and eosinophilic inflammation in preschool wheezers
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Saglani S, Payne DN, Zhu J, et al. Early detection of airway wall remodeling and eosinophilic inflammation in preschool wheezers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007;176:858-864.
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Am J Respir Crit Care Med
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Saglani, S.1
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Zhu, J.3
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71
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Epithelial damage and angiogenesis in the airways of children with asthma
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Barbato A, Turato G, Baraldo S, et al. Epithelial damage and angiogenesis in the airways of children with asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006;174:975-981.
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Am J Respir Crit Care Med
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Barbato, A.1
Turato, G.2
Baraldo, S.3
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72
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79960995339
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Adaptive cytokine production in early life differentially predicts total IgE levels and asthma through age 5 years
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This study examined whether IgE levels and asthma might differ in their relation to early life cytokine production
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Rothers J, Halonen M, Stern DA, et al. Adaptive cytokine production in early life differentially predicts total IgE levels and asthma through age 5 years. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;128:397-402.e2. This study examined whether IgE levels and asthma might differ in their relation to early life cytokine production.
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J Allergy Clin Immunol
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Rothers, J.1
Halonen, M.2
Stern, D.A.3
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73
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77952292619
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Correlation between airflow limitation and airway dimensions assessed by multidetector CT in asthma
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This study assessed the relationship between airflow limitation and airway dimensions in asthma using multidetector-row computed tomography
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Hoshino M, Matsuoka S, Handa H, et al. Correlation between airflow limitation and airway dimensions assessed by multidetector CT in asthma. Respir Med 2010;104:794-800. This study assessed the relationship between airflow limitation and airway dimensions in asthma using multidetector-row computed tomography.
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(2010)
Respir Med
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Hoshino, M.1
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Handa, H.3
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74
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Airway remodeling measured by multidetector CT is increased in severe asthma and correlates with pathology
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Aysola RS, Hoffman EA, Gierada D, et al. Airway remodeling measured by multidetector CT is increased in severe asthma and correlates with pathology. Chest 2008;134:1183-1191.
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Chest
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Aysola, R.S.1
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75
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Association of CCR5 delta32 with reduced risk of asthma
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Hall IP, Wheatley A, Christie G, et al. Association of CCR5 delta32 with reduced risk of asthma. Lancet 1999;354:1264-1265.
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Lancet
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Hall, I.P.1
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Age-specific relationship between CD14 and atopy in a cohort assessed from age 8 to 25 years
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O'Donnell AR, Toelle BG, Marks GB, et al. Age-specific relationship between CD14 and atopy in a cohort assessed from age 8 to 25 years. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004;169:615-622.
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Associations of the IL12B promoter polymorphism in longitudinal data from asthmatic patients 7 to 42 years of age
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Khoo SK, Hayden CM, Roberts M, et al. Associations of the IL12B promoter polymorphism in longitudinal data from asthmatic patients 7 to 42 years of age. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004;113:475-481.
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J Allergy Clin Immunol
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Khoo, S.K.1
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Roberts, M.3
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78
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Filaggrin null mutations are associated with increased asthma exacerbations in children and young adults
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Basu K, Palmer CN, Lipworth BJ, et al. Filaggrin null mutations are associated with increased asthma exacerbations in children and young adults. Allergy 2008;63:1211-1217.
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Allergy
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Basu, K.1
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Lipworth, B.J.3
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79
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The association of acetaminophen and asthma prevalence and severity
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This review discusses the epidemiologic association of acetominophen use with asthma prevalence and severity, and potential mechanisms for this association
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McBride JT. The association of acetaminophen and asthma prevalence and severity. Pediatrics 2011;128:1181-1185. This review discusses the epidemiologic association of acetominophen use with asthma prevalence and severity, and potential mechanisms for this association.
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Pediatrics
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McBride, J.T.1
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80
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Vitamin D and asthma
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This review examines the current literature related to vitamin D supplementation for asthma treatment or prevention
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Paul G, Brehm J, Alcorn JF, et al. Vitamin D and asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012;185:124-132. This review examines the current literature related to vitamin D supplementation for asthma treatment or prevention.
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Am J Respir Crit Care Med
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Paul, G.1
Brehm, J.2
Alcorn, J.F.3
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81
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84859917907
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Obesity-associated asthma in children: A distinct entity
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Epub ahead of print This study examined pulmonary function and serum cytokines and showed that pediatric obesity-associated asthma differed from atopic asthma and was characterized by Th1 polarization
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Rastogi D, Canfield SM, Andrade A, et al. Obesity-associated asthma in children: a distinct entity. Chest 2011. [Epub ahead of print] This study examined pulmonary function and serum cytokines and showed that pediatric obesity-associated asthma differed from atopic asthma and was characterized by Th1 polarization.
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Chest
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Rastogi, D.1
Canfield, S.M.2
Andrade, A.3
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