메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 95, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 2227-2247

Invited review: The impact of automatic milking systems on dairy cow management, behavior, health, and welfare

Author keywords

Automatic milking system; Behavior; Health; Robotic milking machine

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ANIMAL BEHAVIOR; ANIMAL WELFARE; CATTLE; CATTLE DISEASE; DAIRYING; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; INSTRUMENTATION; LACTATION; METHODOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; REVIEW;

EID: 84860234530     PISSN: 00220302     EISSN: 15253198     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4943     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (225)

References (150)
  • 1
    • 27744456902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Welfare assessment based on metabolic and endocrine aspects in primiparous cows milked in a parlor or with an automatic milking system
    • Abeni F., Calamari L., Calza F., Speroni M., Bertoni G., Pirlo G. Welfare assessment based on metabolic and endocrine aspects in primiparous cows milked in a parlor or with an automatic milking system. J. Dairy Sci. 2005, 88:3542-3552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)73039-3.
    • (2005) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.88 , pp. 3542-3552
    • Abeni, F.1    Calamari, L.2    Calza, F.3    Speroni, M.4    Bertoni, G.5    Pirlo, G.6
  • 2
    • 27744434863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Milk quality and automatic milking: Fat globule size, natural creaming, and lipolysis
    • Abeni F., Degano L., Calza F., Giangiacomo R., Pirlo G. Milk quality and automatic milking: Fat globule size, natural creaming, and lipolysis. J. Dairy Sci. 2005, 88:3519-3529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)73037-X.
    • (2005) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.88 , pp. 3519-3529
    • Abeni, F.1    Degano, L.2    Calza, F.3    Giangiacomo, R.4    Pirlo, G.5
  • 3
    • 52649103433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of milk enzymes and electrolytes, plasma metabolites, and oxidative status in twin cows milked in an automatic milking system or twice daily in a conventional milking parlor
    • Abeni F., Terzano M.G., Speroni M., Migliorati L., Capelletti M., Calza F., Bianchi L., Pirlo G. Evaluation of milk enzymes and electrolytes, plasma metabolites, and oxidative status in twin cows milked in an automatic milking system or twice daily in a conventional milking parlor. J. Dairy Sci. 2008, 91:3372-3384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1039.
    • (2008) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.91 , pp. 3372-3384
    • Abeni, F.1    Terzano, M.G.2    Speroni, M.3    Migliorati, L.4    Capelletti, M.5    Calza, F.6    Bianchi, L.7    Pirlo, G.8
  • 4
    • 77949291138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing the revenues from automatic milking by using individual variation in milking characteristics
    • André G., Berentsen P.B.M., Engel B., de Koning C.J.A.M., Oude Lansink A.G.J.M. Increasing the revenues from automatic milking by using individual variation in milking characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 2010, 93:942-953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2373.
    • (2010) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.93 , pp. 942-953
    • André, G.1    Berentsen, P.B.M.2    Engel, B.3    de Koning, C.J.A.M.4    Oude Lansink, A.G.J.M.5
  • 5
    • 0031122453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Milking robots in large dairy farms
    • Armstrong D.V., Daugherty L.S. Milking robots in large dairy farms. Comput. Electron. Agric. 1997, 17:123-128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1699(96)01221-5.
    • (1997) Comput. Electron. Agric. , vol.17 , pp. 123-128
    • Armstrong, D.V.1    Daugherty, L.S.2
  • 6
    • 13944265119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects on milk yield of milking interval regularity and teat cup attachment failures with robotic milking systems
    • Bach A., Busto I. Effects on milk yield of milking interval regularity and teat cup attachment failures with robotic milking systems. J. Dairy Res. 2005, 72:101-106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022029904000585.
    • (2005) J. Dairy Res. , vol.72 , pp. 101-106
    • Bach, A.1    Busto, I.2
  • 7
    • 61449190859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forced traffic in automatic milking systems effectively reduces the need to get cows, but alters eating behavior and does not improve milk yield of dairy cattle
    • Bach A., Devant M., Igleasias C., Ferrer A. Forced traffic in automatic milking systems effectively reduces the need to get cows, but alters eating behavior and does not improve milk yield of dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 2009, 92:1272-1280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1443.
    • (2009) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.92 , pp. 1272-1280
    • Bach, A.1    Devant, M.2    Igleasias, C.3    Ferrer, A.4
  • 8
    • 33846949741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between lameness and production, feeding and milking attendance of Holstein cows milking with an automatic milking system
    • Bach A., Dinarés M., Devant M., Carré X. Associations between lameness and production, feeding and milking attendance of Holstein cows milking with an automatic milking system. J. Dairy Res. 2007, 74:40-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022029906002184.
    • (2007) J. Dairy Res. , vol.74 , pp. 40-46
    • Bach, A.1    Dinarés, M.2    Devant, M.3    Carré, X.4
  • 9
    • 41449112795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of amount of concentrate offered in automatic milking systems on milking frequency, feeding behavior and milk production of dairy cattle consuming high amounts of corn silage
    • Bach A., Iglesias C., Calsamiglia S., Devant M. Effect of amount of concentrate offered in automatic milking systems on milking frequency, feeding behavior and milk production of dairy cattle consuming high amounts of corn silage. J. Dairy Sci. 2007, 90:5049-5055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0347.
    • (2007) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.90 , pp. 5049-5055
    • Bach, A.1    Iglesias, C.2    Calsamiglia, S.3    Devant, M.4
  • 10
    • 0002377996 scopus 로고
    • Clinical mastitis and intramammary infections on Ohio dairy farms
    • Bartlett P.C., Miller G.Y., Lance S.E., Hancock D.D., Heider L.E. Clinical mastitis and intramammary infections on Ohio dairy farms. Prev. Vet. Med. 1992, 12:59-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5877(92)90069-R.
    • (1992) Prev. Vet. Med. , vol.12 , pp. 59-71
    • Bartlett, P.C.1    Miller, G.Y.2    Lance, S.E.3    Hancock, D.D.4    Heider, L.E.5
  • 11
    • 83955161232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of automatic feeding of total mixed rations on the diurnal visiting pattern of dairy cows to an automatic milking system
    • Belle Z., André G., Pompe J.C.A.M. Effect of automatic feeding of total mixed rations on the diurnal visiting pattern of dairy cows to an automatic milking system. Biosystems Eng. 2012, 111:33-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2011.10.005.
    • (2012) Biosystems Eng. , vol.111 , pp. 33-39
    • Belle, Z.1    André, G.2    Pompe, J.C.A.M.3
  • 12
    • 0037010992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic milking: Effects on somatic cell count and teat end-quality
    • Berglund I., Pettersson G., Svennersten-Sjaunja K. Automatic milking: Effects on somatic cell count and teat end-quality. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2002, 78:115-124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(02)00090-8.
    • (2002) Livest. Prod. Sci. , vol.78 , pp. 115-124
    • Berglund, I.1    Pettersson, G.2    Svennersten-Sjaunja, K.3
  • 13
    • 35648951430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The profitability of automatic milking on Dutch dairy farms
    • Bijl R., Kooistra S.R., Hogeveen H. The profitability of automatic milking on Dutch dairy farms. J. Dairy Sci. 2007, 90:239-248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(07)72625-5.
    • (2007) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.90 , pp. 239-248
    • Bijl, R.1    Kooistra, S.R.2    Hogeveen, H.3
  • 15
    • 0019629910 scopus 로고
    • Evidence of penetration of the bovine teat duct by Escherichia coli in the interval between milkings
    • Bramley A.J., Godinho K.S., Grindal R.J. Evidence of penetration of the bovine teat duct by Escherichia coli in the interval between milkings. J. Dairy Res. 1981, 48:379-386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022029900021853.
    • (1981) J. Dairy Res. , vol.48 , pp. 379-386
    • Bramley, A.J.1    Godinho, K.S.2    Grindal, R.J.3
  • 16
    • 77949276681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invited review: Technical solutions for analysis of milk constituents and abnormal milk
    • Brandt M., Haeussermann A., Hartung E. Invited review: Technical solutions for analysis of milk constituents and abnormal milk. J. Dairy Sci. 2010, 93:427-436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2565.
    • (2010) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.93 , pp. 427-436
    • Brandt, M.1    Haeussermann, A.2    Hartung, E.3
  • 17
    • 0032037655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxytocin release and milk removal in ruminants
    • Bruckmaier R.M., Blum J.W. Oxytocin release and milk removal in ruminants. J. Dairy Sci. 1998, 81:939-949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75654-1.
    • (1998) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.81 , pp. 939-949
    • Bruckmaier, R.M.1    Blum, J.W.2
  • 18
    • 0035673543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specific aspects of milk ejection in robotic milking: A review
    • Bruckmaier R.M., Macuhova J., Meyer H.H.D. Specific aspects of milk ejection in robotic milking: A review. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2001, 72:169-176. http://dx.doi.org/S0301-6226(01)00277-9.
    • (2001) Livest. Prod. Sci. , vol.72 , pp. 169-176
    • Bruckmaier, R.M.1    Macuhova, J.2    Meyer, H.H.D.3
  • 19
    • 20744446073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fractionized milk composition in dairy cows with subclinical mastitis
    • Bruckmaier R.M., Ontsouka C.E., Blum J.W. Fractionized milk composition in dairy cows with subclinical mastitis. Vet. Med.-Czech. 2004, 49:283-290.
    • (2004) Vet. Med.-Czech. , vol.49 , pp. 283-290
    • Bruckmaier, R.M.1    Ontsouka, C.E.2    Blum, J.W.3
  • 20
    • 4243171557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hot topic: Effects of frequent milking in early lactation on milk yield and udder health
    • Dahl G.E., Wallace R.L., Shanks R.D., Lueking D. Hot topic: Effects of frequent milking in early lactation on milk yield and udder health. J. Dairy Sci. 2004, 87:882-885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73232-4.
    • (2004) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.87 , pp. 882-885
    • Dahl, G.E.1    Wallace, R.L.2    Shanks, R.D.3    Lueking, D.4
  • 21
    • 47149106081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-milking teat preparation for Australian pasture-based cows milked by an automatic milking system
    • Davis K.L., Fulkerson W.J., Garcia S.C., Dickeson D., Barchia I.M. Pre-milking teat preparation for Australian pasture-based cows milked by an automatic milking system. J. Dairy Sci. 2008, 91:2604-2609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0641.
    • (2008) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.91 , pp. 2604-2609
    • Davis, K.L.1    Fulkerson, W.J.2    Garcia, S.C.3    Dickeson, D.4    Barchia, I.M.5
  • 23
    • 85195754629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic milking: State of the art in Europe and North America
    • Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.)
    • de Koning K., Rodenburg J. Automatic milking: State of the art in Europe and North America. Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding 2004, 27-37. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.).
    • (2004) Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding , pp. 27-37
    • de Koning, K.1    Rodenburg, J.2
  • 24
    • 85195753227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Milk quality on farms with an automatic milking system
    • Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.)
    • de Koning K., Slaghuis B.A., van der Vorst Y. Milk quality on farms with an automatic milking system. Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding 2004, 311-320. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.).
    • (2004) Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding , pp. 311-320
    • de Koning, K.1    Slaghuis, B.A.2    van der Vorst, Y.3
  • 26
    • 0000803049 scopus 로고
    • Interpreting the behavior of calves in an open-field test: A factor analysis
    • de Passillé A.M., Rushen J., Martin F. Interpreting the behavior of calves in an open-field test: A factor analysis. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 1995, 45:201-213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(95)00622-Y.
    • (1995) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.45 , pp. 201-213
    • de Passillé, A.M.1    Rushen, J.2    Martin, F.3
  • 27
    • 0041807800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term effect of transition from conventional to automatic milking on teat skin and teat end condition
    • De Vliegher S., Laevens H., Barkema H.W., Opsomer G., Hemling T., de Kruif A. Short-term effect of transition from conventional to automatic milking on teat skin and teat end condition. J. Dairy Sci. 2003, 86:1646-1652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73750-3.
    • (2003) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.86 , pp. 1646-1652
    • De Vliegher, S.1    Laevens, H.2    Barkema, H.W.3    Opsomer, G.4    Hemling, T.5    de Kruif, A.6
  • 28
    • 85195756954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of automatic milking on body condition score and fertility of dairy cows
    • Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.)
    • Dearing J., Hillerton J.E., Poelarends J.J., Neijenhuis F., Sampimon O.C., Fossing C. Effects of automatic milking on body condition score and fertility of dairy cows. Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding 2004, 135-140. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.).
    • (2004) Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding , pp. 135-140
    • Dearing, J.1    Hillerton, J.E.2    Poelarends, J.J.3    Neijenhuis, F.4    Sampimon, O.C.5    Fossing, C.6
  • 29
    • 0031120339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategic management planning and implementation at the milking robot dairy farm
    • Devir S., Maltz E., Metz J.H.M. Strategic management planning and implementation at the milking robot dairy farm. Comput. Electron. Agric. 1997, 17:95-110. http://dx.doi.org/S0168-1699(96)01230-6.
    • (1997) Comput. Electron. Agric. , vol.17 , pp. 95-110
    • Devir, S.1    Maltz, E.2    Metz, J.H.M.3
  • 30
    • 79960649336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of standing and lying behavior patterns and incidence of intramammary infection in dairy cows milked with an automatic milking system
    • DeVries T.J., Deming J.A., Rodenburg J., Seguin G., Leslie K.E., Barkema H.W. Association of standing and lying behavior patterns and incidence of intramammary infection in dairy cows milked with an automatic milking system. J. Dairy Sci. 2011, 94:3845-3855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-4032.
    • (2011) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.94 , pp. 3845-3855
    • DeVries, T.J.1    Deming, J.A.2    Rodenburg, J.3    Seguin, G.4    Leslie, K.E.5    Barkema, H.W.6
  • 32
    • 77955046969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between udder health and hygiene on farms with an automatic milking system
    • Dohmen W., Neijenhuis F., Hogeveen H. Relationship between udder health and hygiene on farms with an automatic milking system. J. Dairy Sci. 2010, 93:4019-4033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-3028.
    • (2010) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.93 , pp. 4019-4033
    • Dohmen, W.1    Neijenhuis, F.2    Hogeveen, H.3
  • 34
    • 10044224324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of cleaning duration and water temperature on oxytocin release and milk removal in an automatic milking system
    • Dzidic A., Macuhova J., Bruckmaier R.M. Effects of cleaning duration and water temperature on oxytocin release and milk removal in an automatic milking system. J. Dairy Sci. 2004, 87:4163-4169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73559-6.
    • (2004) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.87 , pp. 4163-4169
    • Dzidic, A.1    Macuhova, J.2    Bruckmaier, R.M.3
  • 35
    • 1242276534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxytocin release, milk ejection and milking characteristics in a single stall automatic milking system
    • Dzidic A., Weiss D., Bruckmaier R.M. Oxytocin release, milk ejection and milking characteristics in a single stall automatic milking system. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2004, 86:61-68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(03)00150-7.
    • (2004) Livest. Prod. Sci. , vol.86 , pp. 61-68
    • Dzidic, A.1    Weiss, D.2    Bruckmaier, R.M.3
  • 36
    • 0035924340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Milk quality assessment in automatic milking systems: Accounting for the effects of variable intervals between milkings on milk composition
    • Friggens N.C., Rasmussen M.D. Milk quality assessment in automatic milking systems: Accounting for the effects of variable intervals between milkings on milk composition. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2001, 73:45-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(01)00228-7.
    • (2001) Livest. Prod. Sci. , vol.73 , pp. 45-54
    • Friggens, N.C.1    Rasmussen, M.D.2
  • 37
    • 4444225045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of lameness on social and individual behavior of dairy cows
    • Galindo F., Broom D.M. The effects of lameness on social and individual behavior of dairy cows. J. Appl. Anim. Welf. Sci. 2002, 5:193-201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15327604JAWS0503_03.
    • (2002) J. Appl. Anim. Welf. Sci. , vol.5 , pp. 193-201
    • Galindo, F.1    Broom, D.M.2
  • 38
    • 38249007037 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral agitation during handling is persistent over time
    • Grandin T. Behavioral agitation during handling is persistent over time. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 1993, 36:1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(93)90094-6.
    • (1993) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.36 , pp. 1-9
    • Grandin, T.1
  • 39
    • 0031960933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The feasibility of using vocalization scoring as an indicator of poor welfare during cattle slaughter
    • Grandin T. The feasibility of using vocalization scoring as an indicator of poor welfare during cattle slaughter. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 1998, 56:121-128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(97)00102-0.
    • (1998) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 121-128
    • Grandin, T.1
  • 40
    • 85195761265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating automatic milking installations (AMIs) into grazing systems-Lessons from Australia
    • Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.)
    • Greenall R.K., Warren E., Warren M. Integrating automatic milking installations (AMIs) into grazing systems-Lessons from Australia. Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding 2004, 273-279. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.).
    • (2004) Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding , pp. 273-279
    • Greenall, R.K.1    Warren, E.2    Warren, M.3
  • 41
    • 33748096081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Milk cortisol concentration in automatic milking systems compared with auto-tandem milking parlors
    • Gygax L., Neuffer I., Kaufmann C., Hauser R., Wechsler B. Milk cortisol concentration in automatic milking systems compared with auto-tandem milking parlors. J. Dairy Sci. 2006, 89:3447-3454.
    • (2006) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.89 , pp. 3447-3454
    • Gygax, L.1    Neuffer, I.2    Kaufmann, C.3    Hauser, R.4    Wechsler, B.5
  • 42
    • 34848843872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of functional aspects in two automatic milking systems and auto-tandem milking parlors
    • Gygax L., Neuffer I., Kaufmann C., Hauser R., Wechsler B. Comparison of functional aspects in two automatic milking systems and auto-tandem milking parlors. J. Dairy Sci. 2007, 90:4265-4274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0126.
    • (2007) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.90 , pp. 4265-4274
    • Gygax, L.1    Neuffer, I.2    Kaufmann, C.3    Hauser, R.4    Wechsler, B.5
  • 43
    • 37449012185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restlessness behaviour, heart rate and heart-rate variability of dairy cows milked in two types of automatic milking systems and auto-tandem milking parlours
    • Gygax L., Neuffer I., Kaufmann C., Hauser R., Wechsler B. Restlessness behaviour, heart rate and heart-rate variability of dairy cows milked in two types of automatic milking systems and auto-tandem milking parlours. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 2008, 109:167-179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2007.03.010.
    • (2008) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.109 , pp. 167-179
    • Gygax, L.1    Neuffer, I.2    Kaufmann, C.3    Hauser, R.4    Wechsler, B.5
  • 44
    • 19544366806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart rate variability in dairy cows-Influences of breed and milking system
    • Hagen K., Langbein J., Schmied C., Lexer D., Waiblinger S. Heart rate variability in dairy cows-Influences of breed and milking system. Physiol. Behav. 2005, 85:195-204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.03.019.
    • (2005) Physiol. Behav. , vol.85 , pp. 195-204
    • Hagen, K.1    Langbein, J.2    Schmied, C.3    Lexer, D.4    Waiblinger, S.5
  • 45
    • 4344650181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Milking of Brown Swiss and Austrian Simmental cows in a herring-bone parlour or an automatic milking unit
    • Hagen K., Lexer D., Palme R., Troxler J., Waiblinger S. Milking of Brown Swiss and Austrian Simmental cows in a herring-bone parlour or an automatic milking unit. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 2004, 88:209-225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2004.03.005.
    • (2004) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.88 , pp. 209-225
    • Hagen, K.1    Lexer, D.2    Palme, R.3    Troxler, J.4    Waiblinger, S.5
  • 46
    • 62649150618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating the hierarchical order and cow queue length in an automatic milking system
    • Halachmi I. Simulating the hierarchical order and cow queue length in an automatic milking system. Biosystems Eng. 2009, 102:453-460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2009.01.010.
    • (2009) Biosystems Eng. , vol.102 , pp. 453-460
    • Halachmi, I.1
  • 47
    • 0141462846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Milk yield and mammary growth effects due to increased milking frequency during early lactation
    • Hale S.A., Capuco A.V., Erdman R.A. Milk yield and mammary growth effects due to increased milking frequency during early lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 2003, 86:2061-2071.
    • (2003) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.86 , pp. 2061-2071
    • Hale, S.A.1    Capuco, A.V.2    Erdman, R.A.3
  • 48
    • 0038742318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between somatic cell count and milk composition
    • Hamann J. Relationship between somatic cell count and milk composition. Bull. Int. Dairy Fed. 2002, 372:56-59.
    • (2002) Bull. Int. Dairy Fed. , vol.372 , pp. 56-59
    • Hamann, J.1
  • 49
    • 27744498363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of an automatic milking system (VMS) on free fatty acids (FFA) in different milk fractions
    • Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.)
    • Hamann J., Reinecke F., Stahlhut-Klipp H., Grabowski N.T. Effects of an automatic milking system (VMS) on free fatty acids (FFA) in different milk fractions. Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding 2004, 365-366. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.).
    • (2004) Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding , pp. 365-366
    • Hamann, J.1    Reinecke, F.2    Stahlhut-Klipp, H.3    Grabowski, N.T.4
  • 50
    • 0000971376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the electrical conductivity of milk as a mastitis indicator
    • Hamann J., Zecconi Z. Evaluation of the electrical conductivity of milk as a mastitis indicator. Bull. Int. Dairy Fed. 1998, 334:5-22.
    • (1998) Bull. Int. Dairy Fed. , vol.334 , pp. 5-22
    • Hamann, J.1    Zecconi, Z.2
  • 51
    • 33646839820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survey of milk quality on U.S. dairy farms utilizing automatic milking systems
    • Helgren J.M., Reinemann D.J. Survey of milk quality on U.S. dairy farms utilizing automatic milking systems. Trans. ASABE 2006, 49:551-556.
    • (2006) Trans. ASABE , vol.49 , pp. 551-556
    • Helgren, J.M.1    Reinemann, D.J.2
  • 52
    • 0141798530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of two traffic situations on the behavior and performance of cows in an automatic milking system
    • Hermans G.G.N., Ipema A.H., Stefanowska J., Metz J.H.M. The effect of two traffic situations on the behavior and performance of cows in an automatic milking system. J. Dairy Sci. 2003, 86:1997-2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73788-6.
    • (2003) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.86 , pp. 1997-2004
    • Hermans, G.G.N.1    Ipema, A.H.2    Stefanowska, J.3    Metz, J.H.M.4
  • 54
    • 0035679226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Milking interval, milk production and milk flow-rate in an automatic milking system
    • Hogeveen H., Ouweltjes W., de Koning C.J.A.M., Stelwagen K. Milking interval, milk production and milk flow-rate in an automatic milking system. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2001, 72:157-167. http://dx.doi.org/S0301-6226(01)00276-7.
    • (2001) Livest. Prod. Sci. , vol.72 , pp. 157-167
    • Hogeveen, H.1    Ouweltjes, W.2    de Koning, C.J.A.M.3    Stelwagen, K.4
  • 55
  • 56
    • 27544479519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual detection of technical success and effectiveness of teat cleaning in two automatic milking systems
    • Hovinen M., Aisla A.M., Pyörälä S. Visual detection of technical success and effectiveness of teat cleaning in two automatic milking systems. J. Dairy Sci. 2005, 88:3354-3362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)73019-8.
    • (2005) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.88 , pp. 3354-3362
    • Hovinen, M.1    Aisla, A.M.2    Pyörälä, S.3
  • 57
    • 78751687775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invited review: Udder health of dairy cows in automatic milking
    • Hovinen M., Pyörälä S. Invited review: Udder health of dairy cows in automatic milking. J. Dairy Sci. 2011, 94:547-562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3556.
    • (2011) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.94 , pp. 547-562
    • Hovinen, M.1    Pyörälä, S.2
  • 58
    • 68949202207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Udder health of cows changing from tie stalls or free stalls with conventional milking to free stalls with either conventional or automatic milking
    • Hovinen M., Rasmussen M.D., Pyörälä S. Udder health of cows changing from tie stalls or free stalls with conventional milking to free stalls with either conventional or automatic milking. J. Dairy Sci. 2009, 92:3696-3703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1962.
    • (2009) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.92 , pp. 3696-3703
    • Hovinen, M.1    Rasmussen, M.D.2    Pyörälä, S.3
  • 60
    • 0031125324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of robotic milking in dairy housing systems: Review of cow traffic and milking capacity aspects
    • Ipema A.H. Integration of robotic milking in dairy housing systems: Review of cow traffic and milking capacity aspects. Comput. Electron. Agric. 1997, 17:79-94. http://dx.doi.org/S0168-1699(96)01224-0.
    • (1997) Comput. Electron. Agric. , vol.17 , pp. 79-94
    • Ipema, A.H.1
  • 61
    • 0003073787 scopus 로고
    • Production, duration of machine-milking and teat quality of dairy cows milked 2, 3 or 4 times daily with variable intervals
    • Ipema A.H., Benders E. Production, duration of machine-milking and teat quality of dairy cows milked 2, 3 or 4 times daily with variable intervals. Proc. Intl. Symp. Prospects for Automatic Milking. EAAP Publ. No. 65. EAAP 1992, 244-252.
    • (1992) Proc. Intl. Symp. Prospects for Automatic Milking. EAAP Publ. No. 65. EAAP , pp. 244-252
    • Ipema, A.H.1    Benders, E.2
  • 62
    • 84860247424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dairy cow adaption to and interaction with an automatic milking system. MS Thesis. Michigan State University, East Lansing.
    • Jacobs, J. A. 2011. Dairy cow adaption to and interaction with an automatic milking system. MS Thesis. Michigan State University, East Lansing.
    • (2011)
    • Jacobs, J.A.1
  • 63
    • 84858959667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dairy cow behavior affects the availability of an automatic milking system
    • Jacobs J.A., Ananyeva K., Siegford J.M. Dairy cow behavior affects the availability of an automatic milking system. J. Dairy Sci. 2012, http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4749.
    • (2012) J. Dairy Sci.
    • Jacobs, J.A.1    Ananyeva, K.2    Siegford, J.M.3
  • 64
    • 84857269244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lactating dairy cows adapt quickly to being milked by an automatic milking system
    • Jacobs J.A., Siegford J.M. Lactating dairy cows adapt quickly to being milked by an automatic milking system. J. Dairy Sci. 2012, 95:1575-1584. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4710.
    • (2012) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.95 , pp. 1575-1584
    • Jacobs, J.A.1    Siegford, J.M.2
  • 66
    • 36248938262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supplementary feeding at milking and minimum milking interval effects on cow traffic and milking performance in a pasture-based automatic milking system
    • Jago J.G., Davis K.L., Copeman P.J., Ohnstad I., Woolford M.M. Supplementary feeding at milking and minimum milking interval effects on cow traffic and milking performance in a pasture-based automatic milking system. J. Dairy Res. 2007, 74:492-499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002202990700283X.
    • (2007) J. Dairy Res. , vol.74 , pp. 492-499
    • Jago, J.G.1    Davis, K.L.2    Copeman, P.J.3    Ohnstad, I.4    Woolford, M.M.5
  • 67
    • 33646454273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of pre-milking teat-brushing on milk processing time in automated milking system
    • Jago J.G., Davis K.L., Copeman P.J., Woolford M.M. The effect of pre-milking teat-brushing on milk processing time in automated milking system. J. Dairy Res. 2006, 73:187-192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002202990500155X.
    • (2006) J. Dairy Res. , vol.73 , pp. 187-192
    • Jago, J.G.1    Davis, K.L.2    Copeman, P.J.3    Woolford, M.M.4
  • 68
    • 79953694761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Training methods for introducing cows to a pasture-based automatic milking system
    • Jago J., Kerrisk K. Training methods for introducing cows to a pasture-based automatic milking system. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 2011, 131:79-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2011.02.002.
    • (2011) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.131 , pp. 79-85
    • Jago, J.1    Kerrisk, K.2
  • 69
    • 85195728672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expectations of automatic milking and the realized socio-economic effects
    • Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, A.S. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.)
    • Jensen T. Expectations of automatic milking and the realized socio-economic effects. Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding 2004, 78-79. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. A.S. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.).
    • (2004) Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding , pp. 78-79
    • Jensen, T.1
  • 70
  • 71
    • 77955028651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of clinical mastitis with sensor data from automatic milking systems is improved by using decision-tree induction
    • Kamphuis C., Mollenhorst H., Heesterbeek J.A.P., Hogeveen H. Detection of clinical mastitis with sensor data from automatic milking systems is improved by using decision-tree induction. J. Dairy Sci. 2010, 93:3616-3627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3228.
    • (2010) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.93 , pp. 3616-3627
    • Kamphuis, C.1    Mollenhorst, H.2    Heesterbeek, J.A.P.3    Hogeveen, H.4
  • 72
    • 57749109878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic detection of clinical mastitis is improved by in-line monitoring of somatic cell count
    • Kamphuis C., Sherlock R., Jago J., Mein G., Hogeveen H. Automatic detection of clinical mastitis is improved by in-line monitoring of somatic cell count. J. Dairy Sci. 2008, 91:4560-4570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1160.
    • (2008) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.91 , pp. 4560-4570
    • Kamphuis, C.1    Sherlock, R.2    Jago, J.3    Mein, G.4    Hogeveen, H.5
  • 74
    • 0030586861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of social hierarchy on the time budget of cows and their visits to an automatic milking system
    • Ketelaar-de Lauwere C.C., Devir S., Metz J.H.M. The influence of social hierarchy on the time budget of cows and their visits to an automatic milking system. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 1996, 49:199-211. http://dx.doi.org/S0168-1591(96)01030-1.
    • (1996) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.49 , pp. 199-211
    • Ketelaar-de Lauwere, C.C.1    Devir, S.2    Metz, J.H.M.3
  • 75
    • 0032005561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behaviour of dairy cows under free or forced cow traffic in a simulated automatic milking system environment
    • Ketelaar-de Lauwere C.C., Hendriks M.M.W.B., Metz J.H.M., Schouten W.G.P. Behaviour of dairy cows under free or forced cow traffic in a simulated automatic milking system environment. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 1998, 56:13-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(97)00076-2.
    • (1998) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 13-28
    • Ketelaar-de Lauwere, C.C.1    Hendriks, M.M.W.B.2    Metz, J.H.M.3    Schouten, W.G.P.4
  • 80
    • 12144254404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cow-related risk factors for milk leakage
    • Klaas I.C., Enevoldsen C., Ersbøll A.K., Tölle U. Cow-related risk factors for milk leakage. J. Dairy Sci. 2005, 88:128-136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72670-9.
    • (2005) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.88 , pp. 128-136
    • Klaas, I.C.1    Enevoldsen, C.2    Ersbøll, A.K.3    Tölle, U.4
  • 81
    • 0242440038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is lameness a welfare problem in dairy herds with automatic milking systems?
    • Klaas I.C., Rousing T., Fossing C., Hindhede J., Sørensen J.T. Is lameness a welfare problem in dairy herds with automatic milking systems?. Anim. Welf. 2003, 12:599-603.
    • (2003) Anim. Welf. , vol.12 , pp. 599-603
    • Klaas, I.C.1    Rousing, T.2    Fossing, C.3    Hindhede, J.4    Sørensen, J.T.5
  • 82
    • 0034277028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of the introduction of automatic milking systems on milk quality
    • Klungel G.H., Slaghuis B.A., Hogeveen H. The effect of the introduction of automatic milking systems on milk quality. J. Dairy Sci. 2000, 83:1998-2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)75077-6.
    • (2000) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.83 , pp. 1998-2003
    • Klungel, G.H.1    Slaghuis, B.A.2    Hogeveen, H.3
  • 83
    • 0036783210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Robotic milking and its effect on fertility and cell counts
    • Kruip T.A.M., Morice H., Robert M., Ouweltjes W. Robotic milking and its effect on fertility and cell counts. J. Dairy Sci. 2002, 85:2576-2581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74341-5.
    • (2002) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.85 , pp. 2576-2581
    • Kruip, T.A.M.1    Morice, H.2    Robert, M.3    Ouweltjes, W.4
  • 84
    • 0034596132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Robot milking and effect on reproduction in dairy cows: A preliminary study
    • Kruip T.A.M., Stefanowska J., Ouweltjes W. Robot milking and effect on reproduction in dairy cows: A preliminary study. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 2000, 60-61:443-447. http://dx.doi.org/S0378-4340(00)00143-3.
    • (2000) Anim. Reprod. Sci. , pp. 443-447
    • Kruip, T.A.M.1    Stefanowska, J.2    Ouweltjes, W.3
  • 85
    • 59849104119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time budgets and adrenocortical activity of cows milked in a robot or a milking parlour: Interrelationships and influence of social rank
    • Lexer D., Hagen K., Palme R., Troxler J., Waiblinger S. Time budgets and adrenocortical activity of cows milked in a robot or a milking parlour: Interrelationships and influence of social rank. Anim. Welf. 2009, 18:73-80.
    • (2009) Anim. Welf. , vol.18 , pp. 73-80
    • Lexer, D.1    Hagen, K.2    Palme, R.3    Troxler, J.4    Waiblinger, S.5
  • 86
    • 80054888598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Covariance among milking frequency, milk yield, and milk composition from automatically milked cows
    • Løvendahl P., Chagunda M.M.G. Covariance among milking frequency, milk yield, and milk composition from automatically milked cows. J. Dairy Sci. 2011, 94:5381-5392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3589.
    • (2011) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.94 , pp. 5381-5392
    • Løvendahl, P.1    Chagunda, M.M.G.2
  • 87
    • 0038285009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxytocin release, milk ejection and milk removal in a multi-box automatic milking system
    • Mačuhová J., Tančin V., Bruckmaier R. Oxytocin release, milk ejection and milk removal in a multi-box automatic milking system. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2003, 81:139-147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(02)00304-4.
    • (2003) Livest. Prod. Sci. , vol.81 , pp. 139-147
    • Mačuhová, J.1    Tančin, V.2    Bruckmaier, R.3
  • 88
    • 2442455506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxytocin release and milk removal after delayed or long-lasting teat cup attachment during automatic milking
    • Mačuhová J., Tančin V., Bruckmaier R. Oxytocin release and milk removal after delayed or long-lasting teat cup attachment during automatic milking. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2004, 87:237-244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2003.07.006.
    • (2004) Livest. Prod. Sci. , vol.87 , pp. 237-244
    • Mačuhová, J.1    Tančin, V.2    Bruckmaier, R.3
  • 89
    • 70449517388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentrate composition for automatic milking systems-Effect on milking frequency
    • Madsen J., Weisbjerg M.R., Hvelplund T. Concentrate composition for automatic milking systems-Effect on milking frequency. Livest. Sci. 2010, 127:45-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2009.08.005.
    • (2010) Livest. Sci. , vol.127 , pp. 45-50
    • Madsen, J.1    Weisbjerg, M.R.2    Hvelplund, T.3
  • 90
    • 84871618629 scopus 로고
    • Management and housing factors affecting feet and leg soundness in dairy cattle
    • McDaniel B.T. Management and housing factors affecting feet and leg soundness in dairy cattle. Proc. Annu. Conv. Am. Assoc. Bovine Pract. 1983, 15:41-49.
    • (1983) Proc. Annu. Conv. Am. Assoc. Bovine Pract. , vol.15 , pp. 41-49
    • McDaniel, B.T.1
  • 91
    • 31544458200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cow traffic in relation to social rank and motivation of cows in an automatic milking system with control gates and an open waiting area
    • Melin M., Hermans G.G.N., Pettersson G., Wiktorsson H. Cow traffic in relation to social rank and motivation of cows in an automatic milking system with control gates and an open waiting area. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 2006, 96:201-214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2005.06.013.
    • (2006) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.96 , pp. 201-214
    • Melin, M.1    Hermans, G.G.N.2    Pettersson, G.3    Wiktorsson, H.4
  • 92
    • 34548437917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of restricted feed access and social rank on feeding behavior, ruminating and intake for cows managed in automated milking systems
    • Melin M., Pettersson G., Svennersten-Sjaunja K., Wiktorsson H. The effects of restricted feed access and social rank on feeding behavior, ruminating and intake for cows managed in automated milking systems. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 2007, 107:13-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2006.09.026.
    • (2007) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.107 , pp. 13-21
    • Melin, M.1    Pettersson, G.2    Svennersten-Sjaunja, K.3    Wiktorsson, H.4
  • 93
    • 27644584856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feeding patterns and performance of cows in controlled cow traffic in automatic milking systems
    • Melin M., Svennersten-Sjaunja K., Wiktorsson H. Feeding patterns and performance of cows in controlled cow traffic in automatic milking systems. J. Dairy Sci. 2005, 88:3913-3922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)73077-0.
    • (2005) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.88 , pp. 3913-3922
    • Melin, M.1    Svennersten-Sjaunja, K.2    Wiktorsson, H.3
  • 94
    • 12144274699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of feeding and drinking patterns of dairy cows in two cow traffic situations in automatic milking systems
    • Melin M., Wiktorsson H., Norell L. Analysis of feeding and drinking patterns of dairy cows in two cow traffic situations in automatic milking systems. J. Dairy Sci. 2005, 88:71-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72664-3.
    • (2005) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.88 , pp. 71-85
    • Melin, M.1    Wiktorsson, H.2    Norell, L.3
  • 95
    • 0029336897 scopus 로고
    • Variation in distances among teats of Holstein cows: Implications for automated milking
    • Miller R.H., Fulton L.A., Erez B., Williams W.F., Pearson R.E. Variation in distances among teats of Holstein cows: Implications for automated milking. J. Dairy Sci. 1995, 78:1456-1462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(95)76767-4.
    • (1995) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.78 , pp. 1456-1462
    • Miller, R.H.1    Fulton, L.A.2    Erez, B.3    Williams, W.F.4    Pearson, R.E.5
  • 96
    • 80051716500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between milking interval and somatic cell count in automatic milking systems
    • Mollenhorst H., Hidayat M.M., van den Broek J., Neijenhuis F., Hogeveen H. The relationship between milking interval and somatic cell count in automatic milking systems. J. Dairy Sci. 2011, 94:4531-4537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4244.
    • (2011) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.94 , pp. 4531-4537
    • Mollenhorst, H.1    Hidayat, M.M.2    van den Broek, J.3    Neijenhuis, F.4    Hogeveen, H.5
  • 97
    • 0030225765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of concentrate intake on subsequent roughage intake and eating behavior of cows in an automatic milking system
    • Morita S., Devir S., Ketelaar-de Lauwere C., Smits A.C., Hogeveen H., Metz J.H.M. Effects of concentrate intake on subsequent roughage intake and eating behavior of cows in an automatic milking system. J. Dairy Sci. 1996, 79:1572-1580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(96)76519-0.
    • (1996) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.79 , pp. 1572-1580
    • Morita, S.1    Devir, S.2    Ketelaar-de Lauwere, C.3    Smits, A.C.4    Hogeveen, H.5    Metz, J.H.M.6
  • 98
    • 21844516588 scopus 로고
    • The role of the cow in automatic teat cup attachment
    • Mottram T.T., Hall R.C., Spencer D.S., Allen C.J., Winter A. The role of the cow in automatic teat cup attachment. J. Dairy Sci. 1995, 78:1873-1880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(95)76812-6.
    • (1995) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.78 , pp. 1873-1880
    • Mottram, T.T.1    Hall, R.C.2    Spencer, D.S.3    Allen, C.J.4    Winter, A.5
  • 99
    • 3142539394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotype × environment interaction for yield and somatic cell score with automatic and conventional milking systems
    • Mulder H.A., Groen A.F., De Jong G., Bijma P. Genotype × environment interaction for yield and somatic cell score with automatic and conventional milking systems. J. Dairy Sci. 2004, 87:1487-1495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73300-7.
    • (2004) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.87 , pp. 1487-1495
    • Mulder, H.A.1    Groen, A.F.2    De Jong, G.3    Bijma, P.4
  • 100
    • 79955483546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forced versus free traffic in an automated milking system
    • Munksgaard L., Rushen J., de Passillé A.M., Krohn C.C. Forced versus free traffic in an automated milking system. Livest. Sci. 2011, 138:244-250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2010.012.023.
    • (2011) Livest. Sci. , vol.138 , pp. 244-250
    • Munksgaard, L.1    Rushen, J.2    de Passillé, A.M.3    Krohn, C.C.4
  • 101
    • 85195748811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in teat condition in Dutch herds converting from conventional to automated milking
    • Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.)
    • Neijenhuis F., Bos K., Sampimon O.C., Poelarends J., Hillerton J.E., Fossing C., Dearing J. Changes in teat condition in Dutch herds converting from conventional to automated milking. Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding 2004, 141-147. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.).
    • (2004) Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding , pp. 141-147
    • Neijenhuis, F.1    Bos, K.2    Sampimon, O.C.3    Poelarends, J.4    Hillerton, J.E.5    Fossing, C.6    Dearing, J.7
  • 102
    • 0003702261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NRC, National Academy Press, Washington, DC
    • Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle 2001, NRC, National Academy Press, Washington, DC. 7th rev. ed.
    • (2001) Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle
  • 103
    • 0000115456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between milk yield and milking interval in dairy cows
    • Ouweltjes W. The relationship between milk yield and milking interval in dairy cows. Livest. Prod. Sci. 1998, 56:193-201. http://dx.doi.org/S0301-6226(98)00154-7.
    • (1998) Livest. Prod. Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 193-201
    • Ouweltjes, W.1
  • 104
    • 0024670949 scopus 로고
    • Pre-milking udder hygiene
    • Pankey J.W. Pre-milking udder hygiene. J. Dairy Sci. 1989, 72:1308-1312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(89)79238-9.
    • (1989) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.72 , pp. 1308-1312
    • Pankey, J.W.1
  • 107
    • 17044424265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring emotional processes in animals: The utility of a cognitive approach
    • Paul E.S., Harding E.J., Mendl M. Measuring emotional processes in animals: The utility of a cognitive approach. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2005, 29:469-491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.01.002.
    • (2005) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. , vol.29 , pp. 469-491
    • Paul, E.S.1    Harding, E.J.2    Mendl, M.3
  • 108
    • 1542649465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Milk leakage-An increased risk in automatic milking systems
    • Persson Waller K., Westermark T., Ekman T., Svennersten-Sjaunja K. Milk leakage-An increased risk in automatic milking systems. J. Dairy Sci. 2003, 86:3488-3497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73953-8.
    • (2003) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.86 , pp. 3488-3497
    • Persson Waller, K.1    Westermark, T.2    Ekman, T.3    Svennersten-Sjaunja, K.4
  • 109
    • 0031954205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative motivations of dairy cows to be milked or fed in a Y-maze and an automatic milking system
    • Prescott N.B., Mottram T.T., Webster A.J.F. Relative motivations of dairy cows to be milked or fed in a Y-maze and an automatic milking system. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 1998, 57:23-33. http://dx.doi.org/S0168-1591(97)00112-3.
    • (1998) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.57 , pp. 23-33
    • Prescott, N.B.1    Mottram, T.T.2    Webster, A.J.F.3
  • 110
    • 15044353872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short communication: Association between milk yield at dry-off and probability of intramammary infections at calving
    • Rajala-Schultz P.J., Hogan J.S., Smith K.L. Short communication: Association between milk yield at dry-off and probability of intramammary infections at calving. J. Dairy Sci. 2005, 88:577-579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72720-X.
    • (2005) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.88 , pp. 577-579
    • Rajala-Schultz, P.J.1    Hogan, J.S.2    Smith, K.L.3
  • 112
    • 33846279417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of air intake on the concentration of free fatty acids and vacuum fluctuations during automatic milking
    • Rasmussen M.D., Wiking L., Bjerring M., Larsen H.C. Influence of air intake on the concentration of free fatty acids and vacuum fluctuations during automatic milking. J. Dairy Sci. 2006, 89:4596-4605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72509-7.
    • (2006) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.89 , pp. 4596-4605
    • Rasmussen, M.D.1    Wiking, L.2    Bjerring, M.3    Larsen, H.C.4
  • 115
    • 1642409450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic milking systems, farm size, and milk production
    • Rotz C.A., Coiner C.U., Soder K.J. Automatic milking systems, farm size, and milk production. J. Dairy Sci. 2003, 86:4167-4177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)74032-6.
    • (2003) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.86 , pp. 4167-4177
    • Rotz, C.A.1    Coiner, C.U.2    Soder, K.J.3
  • 116
    • 33747795309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between fetching for milking and dairy cows' behavior at milking, and avoidance of human approach-An on-farm study in herds with automatic milking systems
    • Rousing T., Badsberg J.H., Klaas I.C., Hindhede J., Sørensen J.T. The association between fetching for milking and dairy cows' behavior at milking, and avoidance of human approach-An on-farm study in herds with automatic milking systems. Livest. Sci. 2006, 101:219-227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.11.013.
    • (2006) Livest. Sci. , vol.101 , pp. 219-227
    • Rousing, T.1    Badsberg, J.H.2    Klaas, I.C.3    Hindhede, J.4    Sørensen, J.T.5
  • 117
    • 2642524607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stepping and kicking behaviour during milking in relation to response in human-animal interaction test and clinical health in loose housed dairy cows
    • Rousing T., Bonde M., Badsberg J.H., Sørensen J.T. Stepping and kicking behaviour during milking in relation to response in human-animal interaction test and clinical health in loose housed dairy cows. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2004, 88:1-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2003.12.001.
    • (2004) Livest. Prod. Sci. , vol.88 , pp. 1-8
    • Rousing, T.1    Bonde, M.2    Badsberg, J.H.3    Sørensen, J.T.4
  • 118
    • 34249091695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a welfare indicator protocol for assessing animal welfare in AMS herds: Researcher, production advisor and veterinary practitioner opinion
    • Rousing T., Jakobsen I.A., Hindhede J., Klaas I.C., Bonde M., Sørensen J.T. Evaluation of a welfare indicator protocol for assessing animal welfare in AMS herds: Researcher, production advisor and veterinary practitioner opinion. Anim. Welf. 2007, 16:213-216.
    • (2007) Anim. Welf. , vol.16 , pp. 213-216
    • Rousing, T.1    Jakobsen, I.A.2    Hindhede, J.3    Klaas, I.C.4    Bonde, M.5    Sørensen, J.T.6
  • 119
    • 34247887588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incontinentia lactis: Physiology and anatomy conducive to milk leakage in dairy cows
    • Rovai M., Kollmann M.T., Bruckmaier R.M. Incontinentia lactis: Physiology and anatomy conducive to milk leakage in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 2007, 90:682-690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(07)71551-5.
    • (2007) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.90 , pp. 682-690
    • Rovai, M.1    Kollmann, M.T.2    Bruckmaier, R.M.3
  • 120
    • 0033112947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fear of people by cows and effects on milk yield, behavior, and heart rate at milking
    • Rushen J., de Passillé A.M.B., Munksgaard L. Fear of people by cows and effects on milk yield, behavior, and heart rate at milking. J. Dairy Sci. 1999, 82:720-727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75289-6.
    • (1999) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.82 , pp. 720-727
    • Rushen, J.1    de Passillé, A.M.B.2    Munksgaard, L.3
  • 121
  • 122
    • 0014485499 scopus 로고
    • Changes in heart rate during discriminative reward training and extinction in the rat
    • Seward J.P., Cosmides R.A., Humphrey G.L. Changes in heart rate during discriminative reward training and extinction in the rat. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 1969, 67:358-363.
    • (1969) J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. , vol.67 , pp. 358-363
    • Seward, J.P.1    Cosmides, R.A.2    Humphrey, G.L.3
  • 123
    • 80051761053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of increased milking frequency during early lactation on milk yield and milk composition on commercial dairy farms
    • Soberon F., Ryan C.M., Nydam D.V., Galton D.M., Overton T.R. The effects of increased milking frequency during early lactation on milk yield and milk composition on commercial dairy farms. J. Dairy Sci. 2011, 94:4398-4405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3640.
    • (2011) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.94 , pp. 4398-4405
    • Soberon, F.1    Ryan, C.M.2    Nydam, D.V.3    Galton, D.M.4    Overton, T.R.5
  • 124
    • 0031117611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herd management for robot milking
    • Spahr S.L., Maltz E. Herd management for robot milking. Comp. Electron. Agric. 1997, 17:53-62. http://dx.doi.org/S0168-1699(96)01225-2.
    • (1997) Comp. Electron. Agric. , vol.17 , pp. 53-62
    • Spahr, S.L.1    Maltz, E.2
  • 125
    • 33846297711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of automatic milking systems on milk yield in a hot environment
    • Speroni M., Pirlo G., Lolli S. Effect of automatic milking systems on milk yield in a hot environment. J. Dairy Sci. 2006, 89:4687-4693. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72519-X.
    • (2006) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.89 , pp. 4687-4693
    • Speroni, M.1    Pirlo, G.2    Lolli, S.3
  • 126
    • 19244370171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic milking and grazing-Effects of distance to pasture and level of supplements on milk yield and cow behavior
    • Spörndly E., Wredle E. Automatic milking and grazing-Effects of distance to pasture and level of supplements on milk yield and cow behavior. J. Dairy Sci. 2004, 87:1702-1712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73323-8.
    • (2004) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.87 , pp. 1702-1712
    • Spörndly, E.1    Wredle, E.2
  • 127
    • 20844453085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic milking and grazing-Effects of location of drinking water on water intake, milk yield, and cow behavior
    • Spörndly E., Wredle E. Automatic milking and grazing-Effects of location of drinking water on water intake, milk yield, and cow behavior. J. Dairy Sci. 2005, 88:1711-1722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72844-7.
    • (2005) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.88 , pp. 1711-1722
    • Spörndly, E.1    Wredle, E.2
  • 128
    • 77952977303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discriminating between true-positive and false-positive clinical mastitis alerts from automatic milking systems
    • Steeneveld W., van der Gaag L.C., Ouweltjes W., Mollenhorst H., Hogeveen H. Discriminating between true-positive and false-positive clinical mastitis alerts from automatic milking systems. J. Dairy Sci. 2010, 93:2559-2568. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-3020.
    • (2010) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.93 , pp. 2559-2568
    • Steeneveld, W.1    van der Gaag, L.C.2    Ouweltjes, W.3    Mollenhorst, H.4    Hogeveen, H.5
  • 129
    • 0034685498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of omitted milking on the behaviour of cows in the context of cluster attachment failure during automatic milking
    • Stefanowska J., Plavsic M., Ipema A.H., Hendriks M.M.W.B. The effect of omitted milking on the behaviour of cows in the context of cluster attachment failure during automatic milking. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 2000, 67:277-291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(00)00087-3.
    • (2000) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.67 , pp. 277-291
    • Stefanowska, J.1    Plavsic, M.2    Ipema, A.H.3    Hendriks, M.M.W.B.4
  • 130
    • 0033597203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dairy cow interactions with an automatic milking system starting with 'walk-through' selection
    • Stefanowska J., Tiliopoulos N.S., Ipema A.H., Hendriks M.M.W.B. Dairy cow interactions with an automatic milking system starting with 'walk-through' selection. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 1999, 63:177-193. http://dx.doi.org/S0168-1591(99)00012-X.
    • (1999) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.63 , pp. 177-193
    • Stefanowska, J.1    Tiliopoulos, N.S.2    Ipema, A.H.3    Hendriks, M.M.W.B.4
  • 131
    • 77952547907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of mastitis and its stage of progression by automatic milking systems using artificial neural networks
    • Sun Z., Samarasinghe S., Jago J. Detection of mastitis and its stage of progression by automatic milking systems using artificial neural networks. J. Dairy Res. 2010, 77:168-175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022029909990550.
    • (2010) J. Dairy Res. , vol.77 , pp. 168-175
    • Sun, Z.1    Samarasinghe, S.2    Jago, J.3
  • 132
    • 52149088837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pros and cons of automatic milking in Europe
    • Svennersten-Sjaunja K.M., Pettersson G. Pros and cons of automatic milking in Europe. J. Anim. Sci. 2008, 86:37-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2007-0527.
    • (2008) J. Anim. Sci. , vol.86 , pp. 37-46
    • Svennersten-Sjaunja, K.M.1    Pettersson, G.2
  • 133
    • 68149114090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of milking frequency and feeding level before and after dry off on dairy cattle behavior and udder characteristics
    • Tucker C.B., Lacy-Hulbert S.J., Webster J.R. Effect of milking frequency and feeding level before and after dry off on dairy cattle behavior and udder characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 2009, 92:3194-3203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1930.
    • (2009) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.92 , pp. 3194-3203
    • Tucker, C.B.1    Lacy-Hulbert, S.J.2    Webster, J.R.3
  • 134
    • 37449020360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of solar radiation on dairy cattle behaviour, use of shade and body temperature in a pasture-based system
    • Tucker C.B., Rogers A.R., Schütz K.E. Effect of solar radiation on dairy cattle behaviour, use of shade and body temperature in a pasture-based system. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 2008, 109:141-154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2007.03.015.
    • (2008) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.109 , pp. 141-154
    • Tucker, C.B.1    Rogers, A.R.2    Schütz, K.E.3
  • 135
    • 0031111892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral pattern of dairy cows milked in a two-stall automatic milking system with a holding area
    • Uetake K., Hurnik J.F., Johnson L. Behavioral pattern of dairy cows milked in a two-stall automatic milking system with a holding area. J. Anim. Sci. 1997, 75:954-958.
    • (1997) J. Anim. Sci. , vol.75 , pp. 954-958
    • Uetake, K.1    Hurnik, J.F.2    Johnson, L.3
  • 137
    • 84860240143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USDA (US Department of Agriculture), National Agricultural Statistical Service, Washington, DC
    • Livestock Historical Track Records. USDA 2011, USDA (US Department of Agriculture), National Agricultural Statistical Service, Washington, DC.
    • (2011) Livestock Historical Track Records. USDA
  • 138
    • 0002324651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic milking systems and milk quality in the Netherlands
    • Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, H. Hogeveen, A. Meijering (Eds.)
    • van der Vorst Y., Hogeveen H. Automatic milking systems and milk quality in the Netherlands. Robotic Milking 2000, 73-82. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. H. Hogeveen, A. Meijering (Eds.).
    • (2000) Robotic Milking , pp. 73-82
    • van der Vorst, Y.1    Hogeveen, H.2
  • 139
    • 30044437268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of an automatic milking system on claw health and lameness of dairy cows
    • Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.)
    • Vosika B., Lexer D., Stanek C., Troxler J., Waiblinger S. The influence of an automatic milking system on claw health and lameness of dairy cows. Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding 2004, 155-160. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.).
    • (2004) Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding , pp. 155-160
    • Vosika, B.1    Lexer, D.2    Stanek, C.3    Troxler, J.4    Waiblinger, S.5
  • 140
    • 0035260425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Case-control study of risk factors for clinical mastitis in postpartum dairy heifers
    • Waage S., Ødegaard S.A., Lund A., Brattgjerd S., Rothe T. Case-control study of risk factors for clinical mastitis in postpartum dairy heifers. J. Dairy Sci. 2001, 84:392-399.
    • (2001) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.84 , pp. 392-399
    • Waage, S.1    Ødegaard, S.A.2    Lund, A.3    Brattgjerd, S.4    Rothe, T.5
  • 141
    • 85195763418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic efficiency of automatic milking systems with specific emphasis on increases in milk production
    • Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.)
    • Wade K.M., van Asseldonk M.A.P.M., Berentsen P.B.M., Ouweltjes W., Hogeveen H. Economic efficiency of automatic milking systems with specific emphasis on increases in milk production. Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding 2004, 62-67. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.).
    • (2004) Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding , pp. 62-67
    • Wade, K.M.1    van Asseldonk, M.A.P.M.2    Berentsen, P.B.M.3    Ouweltjes, W.4    Hogeveen, H.5
  • 142
    • 0037735142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feeding behavior, milking behavior, and milk yields of cows milked in a parlor versus and automatic milking system
    • Wagner-Storch A.M., Palmer R.W. Feeding behavior, milking behavior, and milk yields of cows milked in a parlor versus and automatic milking system. J. Dairy Sci. 2003, 86:1494-1502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73735-7.
    • (2003) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.86 , pp. 1494-1502
    • Wagner-Storch, A.M.1    Palmer, R.W.2
  • 143
    • 2342505173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coping capacity of dairy cows during the change from conventional to automatic milking
    • Weiss D., Helmreich S., Möstl E., Dzidic A., Bruckmaier R.M. Coping capacity of dairy cows during the change from conventional to automatic milking. J. Anim. Sci. 2004, 82:563-570.
    • (2004) J. Anim. Sci. , vol.82 , pp. 563-570
    • Weiss, D.1    Helmreich, S.2    Möstl, E.3    Dzidic, A.4    Bruckmaier, R.M.5
  • 144
    • 27744598373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study on the incidence of ketosis in dairy cows in an automatic milking system versus a conventional milking system
    • Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.)
    • Wenzel C., Nitzschke A. Study on the incidence of ketosis in dairy cows in an automatic milking system versus a conventional milking system. Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding 2004, 184-185. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.).
    • (2004) Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding , pp. 184-185
    • Wenzel, C.1    Nitzschke, A.2
  • 145
    • 0141785126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies on step-kick behavior and stress of cows during milking in an automatic milking system
    • Wenzel C., Schönreiter-Fischer S., Unshelm J. Studies on step-kick behavior and stress of cows during milking in an automatic milking system. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2003, 83:237-246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(03)00109-X.
    • (2003) Livest. Prod. Sci. , vol.83 , pp. 237-246
    • Wenzel, C.1    Schönreiter-Fischer, S.2    Unshelm, J.3
  • 146
    • 85195725060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implications of automatic milking on animal welfare
    • Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.)
    • Wiktorsson H., Sørensen J.T Implications of automatic milking on animal welfare. Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding 2004, 371-381. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.).
    • (2004) Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding , pp. 371-381
    • Wiktorsson, H.1    Sørensen, J.T.2
  • 148
    • 85195761126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic dairy farming in New Zealand using extensive grazing systems
    • Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.)
    • Woolford M.W., Claycomb R.W., Jago J., Davis K., Ohnstad I., Wieliczko R., Copeman P.J.A., Bright K. Automatic dairy farming in New Zealand using extensive grazing systems. Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding 2004, 280-285. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.).
    • (2004) Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding , pp. 280-285
    • Woolford, M.W.1    Claycomb, R.W.2    Jago, J.3    Davis, K.4    Ohnstad, I.5    Wieliczko, R.6    Copeman, P.J.A.7    Bright, K.8
  • 149
    • 33750621658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Training cows to approach the milking unit in response to acoustic signals in an automatic milking system during the grazing season
    • Wredle E., Munksgaard L., Spörndly E. Training cows to approach the milking unit in response to acoustic signals in an automatic milking system during the grazing season. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 2006, 101:27-39.
    • (2006) Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. , vol.101 , pp. 27-39
    • Wredle, E.1    Munksgaard, L.2    Spörndly, E.3
  • 150
    • 85195718298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction of AMS in Italian dairy herds: Effects on teat tissues, intramammary infection risk, and spread of contagious pathogens
    • Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.)
    • Zecconi A., Piccinini R., Casirani G., Binda E., Migliorati L. Introduction of AMS in Italian dairy herds: Effects on teat tissues, intramammary infection risk, and spread of contagious pathogens. Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding 2004, 161-167. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. A. Meijering, H. Hogeveen, C.J.A.M. de Koning (Eds.).
    • (2004) Automatic Milking-A Better Understanding , pp. 161-167
    • Zecconi, A.1    Piccinini, R.2    Casirani, G.3    Binda, E.4    Migliorati, L.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.