Which elections can be lost?

Political Analysis

Volumn 20, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 191-210

  Hyde, Susan D ^a   Marinov, Nikolay ^a  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84859960261     PISSN: 10471987     EISSN: 14764989     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/pan/mpr040     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Beaulieu, Emily. 2006. Protesting the contest: Election boycotts around the world, 1990-2002. PhD diss., Department of Political Science, University of California, San Diego.
2. Beck, Thorsten. 2001. New tools in comparative political economy: The database of political institutions. World Bank Economic Review 15:165-76.
3. Bilinski, Adam. 2010. Measuring basic characteristics of political regimes. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, IL, April 22-25.
4. Block, Steven A., Karen E. Ferree, and Smita Singh. 2003. Multiparty competition, founding elections and political business cycles in Africa. Journal of African Economics 12:444-68.
5. Brownlee, Jason. 2009. Portents of pluralism: How hybrid regimes affect democratic transitions. American Journal of Political Science 53:515-32.
6. Bunce, Valerie, and Sharon Wolchik. 2010. Defeating dictators: electoral change and stability in competitive authoritarian regimes. World Politics 62:43-86.
7. Cheibub, José, Jennifer Gandhi, and James Vreeland. 2010. Democracy and dictatorship revisited. Public Choice 143:67-101.
8. Dahl, Robert A. 1971. Polyarchy: Participation and opposition. New Haven, CT: Yale.
9. Diamond, Larry. 2002. Thinking about hybrid regimes. Journal of Democracy 13:21-35.
10. Freedom House. 2007. Freedom in the world country ratings, 1972-73 through 2007. http://freedomhouse.org/research/freeworld/FHSCORES.xls.
11. Gandhi, Jennifer, and Adam Przeworski. 2009. Holding onto power by any means? The origins of competitive elections. Mimeo, Emory University, Atlanta.
12. Gleditsch, Kristian S., and Michael D. Ward. 1999. A revised list of independent states since the congress of vienna. International Interactions 25:393-413.
13. Greene, Kenneth. 2007. Voting for autocracy: Hegemonic party survival and its demise in Mexico. New York: Cambridge University Press.
14. Hadenius, Axel, and Jan Teorell. 2007. Pathways from authoritarianism. Journal of Democracy 18:143-57.
15. Hegre, Håvard. 2001. Toward a democratic civil peace? Democracy, political change, and civil war, 1816-1992. American Political Science Review 95:33-48.
16. Hermet, Guy, Richard Rose, and Alain Rouquie. 1978. Elections without choice. London: Macmillan.
17. Herrera, Yoshiko M., and Devesh Kapur. 2007. Improving data quality: actors, incentives, and capabilities. Political Analysis 15: 365-86.
18. Hollyer, James R., Peter Rosendorff, and James Raymond Vreeland. Forthcoming 2011. Democracy and transparency. Journal of Politics.
19. Howard, Marc, and Philip Roessler. 2006. Liberalizing electoral outcomes in competitive authoritarian regimes. American Journal of Political Science 50:365-81.
20. Hyde, Susan D., and Nikolay Marniov. 2011. Replication data for: Which elections can be lost? ISQ Dataverse Network (Distributor), V1, Available at http://hdl.handle.net/1902.1/16678.
21. Jensen, Nathan M. 2003. Democratic governance and multinational corporations: Political regimes and inflows of foreign direct investment. International Organization 57:587-616.
22. Keefer, Philip. 2007. Elections, special interests, and financial crisis. International Organization 61:607-41.
23. Kenyon, Thomas, and Megumi Naoi. 2008. Democracy as a latent variable. American Journal of Political Science 52:201-17.
24. Kenyon, Thomas, and Megumi Naoi. 2010. Policy uncertainty in hybrid regimes: Evidence from firm-level surveys. Comparative Political Studies 43:486-510.
25. King, Gary, Michael Tomz, and Jason Wittenberg. 2000. Making the most of statistical analyses: Improving interpretation and presentation. American Journal of Political Science 44:347-61.
26. King, Gary, Robert O. Keohane, and Sidney Verba. 1994. Designing social inquiry: Scientific inference in qualitative research. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
27. Levitsky, Steven, and Lucan A. Way. 2002. The rise of competitive authoritarianism. Journal of Democracy 13:51-65.
28. Levitsky, Steven, and Lucan A. Way. 2005. Ties that bind? Leverage, linkage, and democratization in the post Cold War World. International Studies Review 7:519-24.
29. Levitsky, Steven, and Lucan A. Way. 2010. Competitive authoritarianism: International linkage, organizational power, and the fate of hybrid regimes. New York: Cambridge University Press.
30. Lindberg, Staffan. 2006a. Democracy and elections in Africa. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
31. Lindberg, Staffan. 2006b. Tragic protest: Why do opposition parties boycott elections? In Electoral authoritarianism: The dynamics of unfree competition, ed. Andreas Schedler, 149-63. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
32. Magaloni, Beatriz. 2006. Voting for autocracy: Hegemonic party survival and its demise in Mexico. New York: Cambridge.
33. Mansfield, Edward, and Jack Snyder. 2002. Democratic transitions, institutional strength, and war. International Organization 56:297-337.
34. Marshall, Monty, and Keith Jaggers. 2007. Polity IV project. Integrated Network for Societal Conflict Research (INSCR) Program. Center for International Development and Conflict Management (CIDCM), University of Maryland, College Park. http://www.cidcm.umd.edu/inscr/polity.
35. Munck, Gerardo, and Jay Verkuilen. 2002. Conceptualizing and measuring democracy: Evaluating alternative indices. Comparative Political Studies 35:5-34.
36. Nohlen, Dieter. 2005. Elections in the Americas: A data handbook. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
37. Nohlen, Dieter, Florian Grotz, and Christof Hartmann. 2001. Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A data handbook. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
38. Nohlen, Dieter, Michael Krennerich, and Bernhard Thibaut. 1999. Elections in Africa: A data handbook. New York: Oxford University Press.
39. Przeworski, Adam, Michael Alvarez, Jose Cheibub, and Fernando Limongi. 2000. Democracy and development: Political institutions and well-being in the World, 1950-1990. New York: Cambridge University Press.
40. Regan, Patrick, and Dave Clark. 2007. The institutions and elections project. Binghampton: State University of New York. http://www 2.binghamton.edu/political-science/institutions-and-elections-project.html.
41. Sartori, Giovanni. 1976. Parties and party systems: A framework for analysis. New York: Cambridge.
42. Schedler, Andreas. 2002. Elections without democracy: The menu of manipulation. Journal of Democracy 13:36-50.
43. Schedler, Andreas. 2006. Electoral authoritarianism: The dynamics of unfree competition. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
44. Schumpeter, Joseph A. 1942. Capitalism, socialism and democracy. New York: Harper & Brothers.
45. Simpser, Alberto. 2005. More than Winning: The Strategic Logic of Electoral Manipulation. Book Manuscript, Chicago University.
46. Staar, Richard. 1958. Elections in Communist Poland. Midwest Journal of Political Science 2:200-18.
47. Teorell, Jan, Sören Holmberg, and Bo Rothstein. 2008. The Quality of Government Dataset, version 15 May 2008. University of Gothenburg: The Quality of Government Institute. http://www.qog.pol.gu.se.
48. Vreeland, James Raymond. 2008. The effect of political regime on civil war: Unpacking anocracy. Journal of Conflict Resolution 52:401-25.
49. Wright, Joseph. 2008. How authoritarian time horizons impact foreign aid effectiveness. Comparative Political Studies 41:971-1000.