Activity, expression and genetic variation of canine β-defensin 103: A multifunctional antimicrobial peptide in the skin of domestic dogs

Journal of Innate Immunity

Volumn 4, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 248-259

  Leonard, Brian C ^a   Marks, Stanley L ^a   Outerbridge, Catherine A ^a   Affolter, Verena K ^a   Kananurak, Anchasa ^a   Young, Amy ^a   Moore, Peter F ^a   Bannasch, Danika L ^a   Bevins, Charles L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Antimicrobial peptides; Atopic dermatitis; Canine beta defensin; Epidermis; Skin

Indexed keywords

BETA DEFENSIN; BETA DEFENSIN 3; CANINE BETA DEFENSIN 103; GENOMIC DNA; MESSENGER RNA; METICILLIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ALLELE; ANIMAL TISSUE; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ARTICLE; ATOPIC DERMATITIS; BACILLUS CEREUS; BACILLUS LICHENIFORMIS; BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY; BASE PAIRING; BREED; CANINE BETA DEFENSIN 103 GENE; CONTROLLED STUDY; COPY NUMBER VARIATION; DIPLOIDY; DOG; DOMESTIC ANIMAL; ESCHERICHIA COLI; GENE; GENE ACTIVITY; GENE DELETION; GENE EXPRESSION; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; GENETIC RECOMBINATION; GENETIC VARIABILITY; HUMAN VERSUS ANIMAL COMPARISON; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; MALE; MICROCOCCUS; NONHUMAN; ORTHOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; SKIN BIOPSY; SKIN FUNCTION; STAPHYLOCOCCUS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS PSEUDINTERMEDIUS;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; BACTERIA; BETA-DEFENSINS; BREEDING; DERMATITIS, ATOPIC; DNA MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; DOGS; GENE DOSAGE; GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING; HUMANS; MODELS, ANIMAL; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; POLYMORPHISM, GENETIC; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; SEQUENCE DELETION; SKIN; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; STAPHYLOCOCCAL SKIN INFECTIONS;

EID: 84859914465     PISSN: 1662811X     EISSN: 16628128     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000334566     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Schroder JM, Harder J: Antimicrobial skin peptides and proteins. Cell Mol Life Sci 2006; 63: 469-486.
2. Bernard JJ, Gallo RL: Protecting the boundary: The sentinel role of host defense peptides in the skin. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68: 2189-2199.
3. Ganz T: Defensins: Antimicrobial peptides of innate immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2003; 3: 710-720. (Pubitemid 41070812)
4. Ganz T: Defensins: Antimicrobial peptides of vertebrates. C R Biol 2004; 327: 539-549. (Pubitemid 38979504)
5. Lehrer RI: Primate defensins. Nat Rev Microbiol 2004; 2: 727-738. (Pubitemid 39200064)
6. Varoga D, Pufe T, Harder J, Schroder JM, Mentlein R, Meyer-Hoffert U, Goldring MB, Tillmann B, Hassenpflug J, Paulsen F: Human beta-defensin 3 mediates tissue remodeling processes in articular cartilage by increasing levels of metalloproteinases and reducing levels of their endogenous inhibitors. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52: 1736-1745. (Pubitemid 40852882)
7. Bowdish DM, Davidson DJ, Hancock RE: Immunomodulatory properties of defensins and cathelicidins. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2006; 306: 27-66. (Pubitemid 47400317)
8. Candille SI, Kaelin CB, Cattanach BM, Yu B, Thompson DA, Nix MA, Kerns JA, Schmutz SM, Millhauser GL, Barsh GS: Aα-defensin mutation causes black coat color in domestic dogs. Science 2007; 318: 1418-1423. (Pubitemid 350208947)
9. Ong PY, Ohtake T, Brandt C, Strickland I, Boguniewicz M, Ganz T, Gallo RL, Leung DY: Endogenous antimicrobial peptides and skin infections in atopic dermatitis. N Engl J Med 2002; 347: 1151-1160.
10. Howell MD, Boguniewicz M, Pastore S, Novak N, Bieber T, Girolomoni G, Leung DY: Mechanism of hBD-3 deficiency in atopic dermatitis. Clin Immunol 2006; 121: 332-338. (Pubitemid 44768007)
11. Hollox EJ, Huffmeier U, Zeeuwen PL, Palla R, Lascorz J, Rodijk-Olthuis D, van de Kerkhof PC, Traupe H, de Jongh G, den Heijer M, Reis A, Armour JA, Schalkwijk J: Psoriasis is associated with increased beta-defensin genomic copy number. Nat Genet 2008; 40: 23-25.
12. Meyer-Hoffert U, Schwarz T, Schroder JM, Glaser R: Expression of human beta-defensin-2 and -3 in verrucae vulgares and condylomata acuminata. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008; 22: 1050-1054.
13. Meyer-Hoffert U, Schwarz T, Schroder JM, Glaser R: Increased expression of human beta-defensin 3 in mollusca contagiosum. Clin Exp Dermatol 2010; 35: 190-192.
14. Patil AA, Cai Y, Sang Y, Blecha F, Zhang G: Cross-species analysis of the mammalianα-defensin gene family: Presence of syntenic gene clusters and preferential expression in the male reproductive tract. Physiol Genomics 2005; 23: 5-17.
15. Wingate KV, Torres SM, Silverstein KA, Hendrickson JA, Rutherford MS: Expression of endogenous antimicrobial peptides in normal canine skin. Vet Dermatol 2009; 20: 19-26.
16. Erles K, Brownlie J: Expression of beta-defensins in the canine respiratory tract and antimicrobial activity against bordetella bronchiseptica. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2010; 135: 12-19.
17. Harder J, Bartels J, Christophers E, Schroder JM: A peptide antibiotic from human skin. Nature 1997; 387: 861.
18. Harder J, Bartels J, Christophers E, Schroder JM: Isolation and characterization of human beta-defensin-3, a novel human inducible peptide antibiotic. J Biol Chem 2001; 276: 5707-5713.
19. Chen WK, Swartz JD, Rush LJ, Alvarez CE: Mapping DNA structural variation in dogs. Genome Res 2009; 19: 500-509.
20. Hardwick RJ, Machado LR, Zuccherato LW, Antolinos S, Xue Y, Shawa N, Gilman RH, Cabrera L, Berg DE, Tyler-Smith C, Kelly P, Tarazona-Santos E, Hollox EJ: A worldwide analysis of beta-defensin copy number variation suggests recent selection of a high-expressing DEFB103 gene copy in East Asia. Hum Mutat 2011; 32: 743-750.
21. Marsella R, Girolomoni G: Canine models of atopic dermatitis: A useful tool with untapped potential. J Invest Dermatol 2009; 129: 2351-2357.
22. Nomura I, Goleva E, Howell MD, Hamid QA, Ong PY, Hall CF, Darst MA, Gao B, Boguniewicz M, Travers JB, Leung DY: Cytokine milieu of atopic dermatitis, as compared to psoriasis, skin prevents induction of innate immune response genes. J Immunol 2003; 171: 3262-3269. (Pubitemid 37093553)
23. Kisich KO, Carspecken CW, Fieve S, Boguniewicz M, Leung DY: Defective killing of Staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis is associated with reduced mobilization of human beta-defensin-3. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 122: 62-68.
24. van Damme CM, Willemse T, van Dijk A, Haagsman HP, Veldhuizen EJ: Altered cutaneous expression of beta-defensins in dogs with atopic dermatitis. Mol Immunol 2009; 46: 2449-2455.
25. Wehkamp J, Chu H, Shen B, Feathers RW, Kays RJ, Lee SK, Bevins CL: Paneth cell antimicrobial peptides: Topographical distribution and quantification in human gastrointestinal tissues. FEBS Letters 2006; 580: 5344-5350. (Pubitemid 44419568)
26. Leonard BC, Chu H, Johns JL, Gallo RL, Moore PF, Marks SL, Bevins CL: Expression and activity of a novel cathelicidin from domestic cats. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18756.
27. Brinkhof B, Spee B, Rothuizen J, Penning LC: Development and evaluation of canine reference genes for accurate quantification of gene expression. Anal Biochem 2006; 356: 36-43. (Pubitemid 44232736)
28. Toonen RJ, Hughes S: Increased throughput for fragment analysis on an ABI prism 377 automated sequencer using a membrane comb and STRand software. Biotechniques 2001; 31: 1320-1324. (Pubitemid 33131216)
29. Linzmeier RM, Ganz T: Human defensin gene copy number polymorphisms: Comprehensive analysis of independent variation in alpha-and beta-defensin regions at 8p22-p23. Genomics 2005; 86: 423-430. (Pubitemid 43293155)
30. Lehrer RI, Rosenman M, Harwig SS, Jackson R, Eisenhauer P: Ultrasensitive assays for endogenous antimicrobial polypeptides. J Immunol Methods 1991; 137: 167-173.
31. Merryman-Simpson AE, Wood SH, Fretwell N, Jones PG, McLaren WM, McEwan NA, Clements DN, Carter SD, Ollier WE, Nuttall T: Gene (mRNA) expression in canine atopic dermatitis: Microarray analysis. Vet Dermatol 2008; 19: 59-66. (Pubitemid 351379700)
32. Harder J, Schroder JM: Antimicrobial peptides in human skin. Chem Immunol Allergy 2005; 86: 22-41. (Pubitemid 40904996)
33. Harder J, Meyer-Hoffert U, Wehkamp K, Schwichtenberg L, Schroder JM: Differential gene induction of human beta-defensins (hBD-1, -2, -3, and -4) in keratinocytes is inhibited by retinoic acid. J Invest Dermatol 2004; 123: 522-529. (Pubitemid 39095623)
34. Sorensen OE, Cowland JB, Theilgaard-Monch K, Liu L, Ganz T, Borregaard N: Wound healing and expression of antimicrobial peptides/polypeptides in human keratinocytes, a consequence of common growth factors. J Immunol 2003; 170: 5583-5589. (Pubitemid 36617848)
35. Sorensen OE, Thapa DR, Rosenthal A, Liu L, Roberts AA, Ganz T: Differential regulation of beta-defensin expression in human skin by microbial stimuli. J Immunol 2005; 174: 4870-4879.
36. Kisich KO, Howell MD, Boguniewicz M, Heizer HR, Watson NU, Leung DY: The constitutive capacity of human keratinocytes to kill Staphylococcus aureus is dependent on beta-defensin 3. J Invest Dermatol 2007; 127: 2368-2380. (Pubitemid 47619743)
37. Fazakerley J, Crossley J, McEwan N, Carter S, Nuttall T: In vitro antimicrobial efficacy of beta-defensin 3 against Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from healthy and atopic canine skin. Vet Dermatol 2010; 21: 463-468.
38. Santoro D, Bunick D, Graves TK, Campbell KL: Expression and distribution of antimicrobial peptides in the skin of healthy beagles. Vet Dermatol 2011; 22: 61-67.
39. Everts RE, Rothuizen J, van Oost BA: Identification of a premature stop codon in the melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor gene (Mc1r) in Labrador and Golden retrievers with yellow coat color. Anim Genet 2000; 31: 194-199. (Pubitemid 30416433)
40. Fellermann K, Stange DE, Schaeffeler E, Schmalzl H, Wehkamp J, Bevins CL, Reinisch W, Teml A, Schwab M, Lichter P, Radlwimmer B, Stange EF: A chromosome 8 gene cluster polymorphism with low human betadefensin 2 gene copy number predisposes to Crohn's disease of the colon. Am J Hum Genet 2006; 79: 439-448. (Pubitemid 44384253)
41. Groth M, Wiegand C, Szafranski K, Huse K, Kramer M, Rosenstiel P, Schreiber S, Norgauer J, Platzer M: Both copy number and sequence variations affect expression of human DEFB4. Genes Immun 2010; 11: 458-466.
42. Boguniewicz M, Leung DY: Atopic dermatitis: A disease of altered skin barrier and immune dysregulation. Immunol Rev 2011; 242: 233-246.
43. DeBoer DJ, Marsella R: The ACVD task force on canine atopic dermatitis (XII): The relationship of cutaneous infections to the pathogenesis and clinical course of canine atopic dermatitis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2001; 81: 239-249. (Pubitemid 32842880)