Hierarchical decisions on teeth vs. implants in the periodontitis-susceptible patient: The modern dilemma

Periodontology 2000

Volumn 59, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 89-110

  Donos, Nikolaos ^a   Laurell, Lars ^a   Mardas, Nikolaos ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; DECISION MAKING; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; HUMAN; PERIIMPLANTITIS; PERIODONTAL DISEASE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; TOOTH IMPLANT;

DECISION MAKING; DENTAL IMPLANTS; DISEASE PROGRESSION; DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY; HUMANS; PERI-IMPLANTITIS; PERIODONTAL DISEASES; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; TOOTH LOSS;

EID: 84859828775     PISSN: 09066713     EISSN: 16000757     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2011.00433.x     Document Type: Article

References (176)

1. Albrektsson T, Isidor F. In: Lang NP, Karring T editors. Consensus report of session IV Proceedings of the 1st European Workshop on Periodontology. London: Quintessence Publishing Co. Ltd, 1994: 365-369.
2. Al-Omiri M, Abu Hantash R, Al-Wahadni A. Satisfaction with dental implants: a literature review. Implant Dent 2005: 14: 399-408.
3. Al-Zahrani MS. Implant therapy in aggressive periodontitis patients: a systematic review and clinical implications. Quintessence Int 2008: 39: 211-215.
4. Andersson B, Odman P, Lindvall AM, Brånemark PI. Five-year prospective study of prosthodontic and surgical single-tooth implant treatment in general practices and at a specialist clinic. Int J Prosthodont 1998: 11: 351-355.
5. Antczak-Bouckoms AA, Weinstein MC. Cost-effectiveness analysis of periodontal disease control. J Dent Res 1987: 66: 1630-1635.
6. Antczak-Bouckoms AA, Tulloch JF, White BA, Caplluto EI. Methodological considerations in the analysis of cost effectiveness in dentistry. J Public Health Dent 1989: 49: 215-222.
7. Ante IH. The fundamental principles of abutments. Thesis. Mich State Dent Soc Bull 1926: 8: 14-23.
8. Aquilino SA, Shugars DA, Bader JD, White BA. Ten year survival rates of teeth adjacent to treated and untreated posterior bounded edentulous spaces. J Prosthet Dent 2001: 85: 445-460.
9. Araujo MG, Sukekava F, Wennstrom JL, Lindhe J. Tissue modeling following implant placement in fresh extraction sockets. Clin Oral Implants Res 2006: 17: 615-624.
10. Åslund M, Suvan J, Moles DR, D'Aiuto F, Tonetti MS. Effects of two different methods of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on patient perception of pain and quality of life: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Periodontol 2008: 79: 1031-1040.
11. Avila G, Galindo-Moreno P, Soehren S, Misch CE, Morelli T, Wang HL. A novel decision-making process for tooth retention or extraction. J Periodontol 2009: 80: 476-491.
12. Axelsson P, Lindhe J. The significance of maintenance care in the treatment of periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 1981: 8: 281-294.
13. Baehni P, Tonetti MS; Group 1 of the European Workshop on Periodontology. Conclusions and consensus statements on periodontal health, policy and education in Europe: a call for action - consensus view 1. Consensus report of the 1st European Workshop on Periodontal Education. Eur J Dent Educ 2010: 14 (Suppl. 1): 2-3.
14. Baelum V, Fejerskov O, Karring T. Oral hygiene, gingivitis and periodontal breakdown in adult Tanzanians. J Periodontal Res 1986: 21: 221-232.
15. Bajwa A, Watts TLP, Newton JT. Health control beliefs and quality of life considerations before and during periodontal treatment. Oral Health Prev Dent 2007: 5: 101-104.
16. Belser U, Buser D, Higginbottom F. Consensus statements and recommended clinical procedures regarding esthetics in implant dentistry. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2004: 19(Suppl.): 73-74.
17. Belser UC, Schmid B, Higginbottom F, Buser D. Outcome analysis of implant restorations located in the anterior maxilla: a review of the recent literature. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2004: 19(Suppl.): 30-42.
18. Berglundh T, Persson L, Klinge B. A systematic review of the incidence of biological and technical complications in implant dentistry reported in prospective longitudinal studies of at least 5years. J Clin Periodontol 2002: 29(Suppl. 3): 197-212.
19. Borrell LN, Papapanou PN. Analytical epidemiology of periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2005: 32(Suppl. 6): 132-158.
20. Botticelli D, Berglundh T, Lindhe J. Hard-tissue alterations following immediate implant placement in extraction sites. J Clin Periodontol 2004: 31: 820-828.
21. Bouchard P, Renouard F, Bourgeois D, Fromentin O, Jeanneret MH, Beresniak A. Cost-effectiveness modeling of dental implant vs. bridge. Clin Oral Implants Res 2009: 20: 583-587.
22. Bourgeois DM, Doury J, Hescot P. Periodontal conditions in 65-74year old adults in France. Int Dent J 1995: 49: 182-186.
23. Bräegger U. Cost-benefit, cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses of periodontitis prevention. J Clin Periodontol 2005: 32(Suppl. 6): 301-313.
24. Bräegger U, Krenander P, Lang NP. Economic aspects of single-tooth replacement. Clin Oral Implants Res 2005: 16: 335-341.
25. Brånemark PI, Hansson BO, Adell R, Breine U, Lindström J, Hallén O, Ohman A. Osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw. Experience from a 10-year period. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg 1977: 16: 1-132.
26. Carcuac O, Jansson L. Peri-implantitis in a specialist clinic of periodontology. Clinical features and risk indicators. Swed Dent J 2010: 34: 53-61.
27. Carlsson G. Critical review of some dogmas in prosthodontics. J Prosthodont Res 2009: 53: 3-10.
28. Carnevale G, Cairo F, Tonetti MS. Long-term effects of supportive therapy in periodontal patients treated with fibre retention osseous resective surgery. I: recurrence of pockets, bleeding on probing and tooth loss. J Clin Periodontol 2007: 34: 334-341.
29. Chang M, Odman PA, Wennstrom JL, Andersson B. Esthetic outcome of implant supported single-tooth replacements assessed by the patient and by prosthodontists. Int J Prosthodont 1999: 12: 335-341.
30. Claffey N, Clarke E, Polyzois I, Renvert S. Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. J Clin Periodontol 2008: 35 (Suppl. 8): 316-332.
31. Claffey N, Egelberg J. Clinical indicators of probing attachment loss following initial periodontal treatment in advanced periodontitis patients. J Clin Periodontol 1995: 22: 690-696.
32. Cohen RE. Position paper: periodontal maintenance. J Periodontol 2003: 74: 1395-1401.
33. De Boever A, Quirynen M, Courke W, Theuniers G, De Boever J. Clinical and radiographical study of implant treatment outcome in periodontally susceptible and non-susceptible patients: a prospective long-term study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2009: 20: 1341-1359.
34. van Der Steenberghe D, Quirynen M, Naert I, editors. Survival and success rates with oral endosseous implants. In: Proceedings of the 3rd European Workshop on Periodontology. Implant dentistry. Lang NP, Karring T, Lindhe J, editors. Berlin: Quintessenz, 1999.
35. Donos N, Mardas N, Buser D. 1st European Consensus Workshop in Implant Dentistry University Education. An outline of competencies and the appropriate postgraduate educational pathways in implant dentistry. Eur J Dent Educ 2009: 13(Suppl 1): 45-54.
36. Drummond M, Sculpher M, Torrance G, O'Brien B, Stoddart G. Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes, 3rd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
37. Enami E, Heydecke G, Rompré PH, de Grandmont P, Feine JS. The impact of implant-support for mandibular dentures on satisfaction, oral and general health-related quality of life: a meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials. Clin Oral Implants Res 2009: 20: 533-544.
38. Falk H, Laurell L, Lundgren D. Occlusal force pattern in dentitions with mandibular implant-supported fixed cantilever prostheses occluded with complete dentures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1989: 4: 55-62.
39. Fardal Ø. Interviews and assessments of returning non-compliant periodontal maintenance patients. J Clin Periodontol 2006: 33: 216-220.
40. Fardal Ø, Johannessen A, Linden GJ. Tooth loss during maintenance following periodontal treatment in a periodontal practice in Norway. J Clin Periodontol 2004: 31: 550-555.
41. Fardal Ø, Johannessen A, Olsen J. Severe rapidly progressing peri-implantitis. J Clin Periodontol 1999: 26: 313-317.
42. Fardal Ø, Linden GJ. Re-treatment profiles during long-term maintenance therapy in a periodontal practice in Norway. J Clin Periodontol 2005: 32: 744-749.
43. Fardal Ø, Linden GJ. Tooth loss and implant outcomes in patients refractory to treatment in a periodontal practice. J Clin Periodontol 2008: 35: 733-738.
44. Fardal O, Linden GJ. Long-term outcomes for cross-arch stabilizing bridges in periodontal maintenance patients--a retrospective study. J Clin Periodontol 2010: 37: 299-304.
45. Fransson C, Tomasi C, Pikner SS, Gröndahl K, Wennström JL, Leyland AH, Berglundh T. Severity and pattern of peri-implantitis-associated bone loss. J Clin Periodontol 2010: 37: 442-448.
46. Gaunt F, Devine M, Pennington M, Vernazza C, Gwynnett E, Steen N, Heasman P. The cost-effectiveness of supportive periodontal care for patients with chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2008: 35(Suppl. 8): 67-82.
47. Gibbard L, Zarb G. A 5-year prospective study of implant-supported single-tooth replacements. J Can Dent Assoc 2002: 68: 110-116.
48. Gjermo P, Grytten J. Cost-effectiveness of various treatment modalities for adult chronic periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 2009: 51: 269-275.
49. Goodacre CJ, Bernal G, Rungcharassaeng K, Kan JY. Clinical complications with implants and implant prostheses. J Prosthet Dent 2003: 90: 121-132.
50. Gotfredsen K, Carlsson GE, Jokstad A, Arvidson Fyrberg K, Berge M, Bergendal B, Bergendal T, Ellingsen JE, Gunne J, Hofgren M, Holm B, Isidor F, Karlsson S, Klemetti E, Lang NP, Lindh T, Midtbø M, Molin M, Närhi T, Nilner K, Owall B, Pjetursson B, Saxegaard E, Schou S, Stokholm R, Thilander B, Tomasi C, Wennerberg A. Scandinavian Society for Prosthetic Dentistry; Danish Society of Oral Implantology. Implants and/or teeth: consensus statements and recommendations. J Oral Rehabil 2008: 35(Suppl. 1): 2-8.
51. Gotfredsen K, Walls AW. What dentition assures oral function? Clin Oral Implants Res 2007: 18(Suppl 3): 34-45.
52. Greenstein G, Greenstein B, Cavallaro J. Prerequisite for treatment planning implant dentistry: periodontal prognostication of compromised teeth. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2007: 28: 436-447.
53. Grytten J. Models for financing dental services: a review. Community Dent Health 2005: 22: 75-85.
54. Haraldson T, Carlsson GE. Chewing efficiency in patients with osseointegrated oral implant bridges. Swed Dent J 1979: 3: 183-191.
55. Haraldson T, Carlsson GE, Ingervall B. Functional state, bite force and postural muscle activity in patients with osseointegrated oral implant bridges. Acta Odontol Scand 1979: 37: 195-206.
56. Heitz-Mayfield LJ. Peri-implant diseases: diagnosis and risk indicators. J Clin Periodontol 2008: 35 (Suppl. 8): 292-304.
57. Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Huynh-Ba G. History of treated periodontitis and smoking as risks for implant therapy. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2009: 24(Suppl.): 39-68.
58. Heitz-Mayfield L, Lang NP. Comparative biology of chronic and aggressive periodontitis vs. peri-implantitis. Periodontol 2000 2010: 53: 167-181.
59. Hirschfield L, Waserman BA. Long-term survey of tooth loss in 600 treated periodontal patients. J Periodontol 1978: 49: 223-237.
60. Holm-Pedersen P, Lang NP, Müller F. What are the longevities of teeth and oral implants? Clin Oral Implants Res 2007: 18(Suppl. 3): 15-19.
61. Hoogstraten J, Lamers LM. Patient satisfaction after insertion of an osseointegrated implant bridge. J Oral Rehabil 1987: 14: 481-487.
62. Hugoson A, Laurell L. A prospective longitudinal study on periodontal bone height changes in a Swedish population. J Clin Periodontol 2000: 27: 665-674.
63. Hugoson A, Norderyd O, Slotte C, Thorstensson H. Distribution of periodontal disease in a Swedish adult population 1973, 1983 and 1993. J Clin Periodontol 1998: 25: 542-548.
64. Hugoson A, Sjödin B, Norderyd O. Trends over 30years, 1973-2003, in the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 2008: 35: 405-414.
65. Hultin M, Komiyama A, Klinge B. Supportive therapy and the longevity of dental implants: a systematic review of the literature. Clin Oral Implants Res 2007: 18(Suppl. 3): 50-62.
66. Iacono VJ. Dental implants in periodontal therapy. J Periodontol 2000: 71: 1934-1942.
67. Iqbal MK, Syngcuk K. A Review of factors influencing treatment planning decisions of single-tooth implants versus preserving natural teeth with nonsurgical endodontic therapy. J Endod 2008: 34: 519-529.
68. Jacobson JJ, Maxson BB, Mays K, Kowalski CJ. A utility analysis of dental implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1992: 7: 381-388.
69. Jansson L, Lagervall M. Periodontitis progession in patients subjected to supportive maintenance care. Swed Dent J 2008: 32: 105-114.
70. Johnson GK, Guthmiller JM. The impact of cigarette smoking on periodontal disease and treatment. Periodontol 2000 2007: 44: 178-194.
71. Jokstad A, editor. How many implant systems do we have and are they documented? Implant Dentistry: a technology assessment. Osseointegration and dental implants. Lowa, USA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009.
72. Jowett AK, Orr MTX, Rawlinson A, Robinson PG. Psychosocial impact of periodontal disease and its treatment with 24-h root surface debridement. J Clin Periodontol 2009: 36: 413-418.
73. Jung RE, Pjetursson BE, Glauser R, Zembic A, Zwahlen M, Lang NP. A systematic review of the 5-year survival and complication rates of implant-supported single crowns. Clin Oral Implants Res 2008: 19: 119-130.
74. Kaldahl WB, Kalkwarf KL, Patil KD, Molvar MP, Dyer JK. Long-term evaluation of periodontal therapy: incidence of sites breaking down. J Periodontol 1996: 67: 103-108.
75. Kalykakis G, Zafiropoulos GG, Murat Y, Spiekermann H, Nisengard RJ. Clinical and microbiological status of osseointegrated implants. J Periodontol 1994: 65: 766-770.
76. Kanno T, Carlsson GE. A review of the shortened dental arch concept focusing on the work by the Käyser/Nijmegen group. J Oral Rehabil 2006: 33: 850-862.
77. Kao RT. The challenges of transferring evidence-based dentistry into practice. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2006: 6: 125-128.
78. Kao RT. Strategic extraction: a paradigm shift that is changing our profession. J Periodontol 2008: 79: 971-977.
79. Karlsson G, Teiwik A, Lundström Å, Ravald N. Costs of periodontal and prosthodontic treatment and evaluation of oral health in patients after treatment of advanced periodontal disease. Community Dent Oral 1995: 23: 159-164.
80. Karoussis IK, Kotsovilis S, Fourmousis I. A comprehensive and critical review of dental implant prognosis in periodontally compromised partially edentulous patients. Clin Oral Implants Res 2007: 18: 669-679.
81. Karoussis IK, Salvi GE, Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Brägger U, Hämmerle CH, Lang NP. Long-term implant prognosis in patients with and without a history of chronic periodontitis: a 10-year prospective cohort study of the ITI Dental Implant System. Clin Oral Implants Res 2003: 14: 329-339.
82. Klock US, Haugejordeno O. In vitro determination of the forceps level for extraction of teeth for periodontal reasons. J Clin Periodontol 1993: 20: 155-160.
83. Kloostra PW, Eber RM, Wang H-L, Inglehart MR. Surgical versus non-surgical periodontal treatment: psychosocial factors and treatment outcomes. J Periodontol 2006: 77: 1253-1260.
84. Kocher T, König J, Dzierzon U, Sawaf H, Plagmann HC. Disease progression in periodontally treated and untreated patients - a retrospective study. J Clin Periodontol 2000: 27: 866-872.
85. Kohavi D, Azran G, Shapira L, Casap N. Retrospective clinical review of dental implants placed in a university training program. J Oral Implantol 2004: 30: 23-29.
86. König J, Holtfreter B, Kocher T. Periodontal health in Europe: future trends based on treatment needs and the provision of periodontal services. Eur J Dent Educ 2010: 14(Suppl. 1): 4-24.
87. König J, Plagmann HC, Rühling A, Kocher T. Tooth loss and pocket probing depths in compliant periodontally treated patients: a retrospective analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2002: 29: 1092-1100.
88. Lang NP, Berglundh T, Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Pjetursson BE, Salvi GE, Sanz M. Consensus statements and recommended clinical procedures regarding implant survival and complications. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2004: 19: 150-154.
89. Lang NP, Brägger U, Salvi GE, Tonetti MS. Supportive periodontal therapy. In: Lindhe J, Lang NP, Karring T editors. Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry, 5th edn. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008: 1297-1321.
90. Lang NP, Pjetursson BE, Tan K, Brägger U, Egger M, Zwahlen M. A systematic review of the survival and complication rates of fixed partial dentures (FPDs) after an observation period of at least 5years. II. Combined tooth-implant-supported FPDs. Clin Oral Implants Res 2004: 15: 643-653.
91. Lang NP, Tonetti MS. Periodontal risk assessment (PRA) for patients in supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). Oral Health Prev Dent 2003: 1: 7-16.
92. Lang NP, Wilson TG, Corbet EF. Biological complications with dental implants: their prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Clin Oral Implants Res 2000: 11(Suppl. 1): 146-155.
93. Laurell L, Lundgren D. Influence of occlusion on posterior cantilevers. J Prosthet Dent 1992: 67: 645-652.
94. Laurell L, Lundgren D, Falk H, Hugoson A. Long-term prognosis of extensive poly-unit cantilevered fixed partial dentures. J Prosthet Dent 1991: 66: 545-552.
95. Lewis DW. Optimized therapy for the edentulous predicament: cost-effectiveness considerations. J Prosthet Dent 1998: 79: 93-99.
96. Lindhe J, Meyle J. Group D of European Workshop on Periodontology. Peri-implant diseases: Consensus Report of the Sixth European Workshop on Periodontology. J Clin Periodontol 2008: 35: 282-285.
97. Lindhe J, Nyman S. Long-term maintenance of patients treated for advanced periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 1984: 11: 504-514.
98. Locker D. Oral health and quality of life. Oral Health Preventive Dentistry 2004: 2(Suppl. 1): 247-253.
99. Löe H, Anerud A, Boysen H, Smith M. The natural history of periodontal disease in man. Study design and baseline data. J Periodontal Res 1978: 13: 550-562.
100. López R, Baelum V. Spanish version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-Sp). BMC Oral Health 2006: 7: 6-11.
101. López R, Baelum V. Oral health impact of periodontal diseases in adolescents. J Dent Res 2007: 86: 1105-1109.
102. Lulic M, Brägger U, Lang NP, Zwahlen M, Salvi GE. Ante's 1926 law revisited: a systematic review on survival rates and complications of fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) on severely reduced periodontal tissue support. Clin Oral Implants Res 2007: 18(Suppl. 3): 63-72.
103. Lundgren D, Laurell L. Occlusal forces in prosthetically restored dentitions: a methodological study. J Oral Rehabil 1984: 11: 29-37.
104. Lundgren D, Laurell L. Occlusal force pattern during chewing and biting in dentitions restored with fixed bridges of cross-arch extension. I. Bilateral end abutments. J Oral Rehabil 1986: 13: 57-71.
105. Lundgren D, Laurell L. Occlusal force pattern during chewing and biting in dentitions restored with fixed bridges of cross-arch extension. II. Unilateral posterior two-unit cantilevers. J Oral Rehabil 1986: 13: 191-203.
106. Lundgren D, Laurell L, Falk H, Bergendal T. Occlusal force pattern during mastication in dentitions with mandibular fixed partial dentures supported on osseointegrated implants. J Prosthet Dent 1987: 58: 197-203.
107. Lundgren D, Nyman S, Heijl L, Carlsson GE. Functional analysis of fixed bridges on abutment teeth with reduced periodontal support. J Oral Rehabil 1975: 2: 105-116.
108. Lundgren D, Rylander H, Laurell L. To save or to extract, that is the question. Natural teeth or dental implants in periodontitis-susceptible patients: clinical decision-making and treatment strategies exemplified with patient case presentations. Periodontol 2000 2008: 47: 27-50.
109. Manor Y, Oubaid S, Mardinger O, Chaishu G, Nissan J. Characteristics of early versus late implant failure: a retrospective study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009: 67: 2649-2652.
110. Mardas N, Chadha V, Donos N. Alveolar ridge preservation with guided bone regeneration and a synthetic bone substitute or a bovine-derived xenograft: a randomised, controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2010: 21: 688-698.
111. Mardinger O, Oubaid S, Manor Y, Nissan J, Chaushu G. Factors affecting the decision to replace failed implants: a retrospective study. J Periodontol 2008: 79: 2262-2266.
112. Matarasso S, Rasperini G, Iorio Siciliano V, Salvi GE, Lang NP, Aglietta M. A 10-year retrospective analysis of radiographic bone-level changes of implants supporting single-unit crowns in periodontally compromised vs. periodontally healthy patients. Clin Oral Implants Res 2010: 21: 898-903.
113. Mattheos N, Albrektsson T, Buser D, De Bruyn H, Donos N, Hjørting Hansen E, Lang NP, Sanz M, Nattestad A. 1st European Consensus Workshop in Implant Dentistry University Education. Teaching and assessment of implant dentistry in undergraduate and postgraduate education: a European consensus. Eur J Dent Educ 2009: 13(Suppl. 1): 11-17.
114. Matuliene G, Pjetursson BE, Salvi GE, Schmidlin K, Bragger U, Zwahlen M, Lang NP. Influence of residual pockets on progression of periodontitis and tooth loss: results after 11years of maintenance. J Clin Periodontol 2008: 35: 885-895.
115. Matuliene G, Studer R, Lang NP, Schmidlin K, Pjetursson BE, Salvi GE, Brägger U, Zwahlen M. Significance of periodontal risk assessment in the recurrence of periodontitis and tooth loss. J Clin Periodontol 2010: 37: 191-199.
116. McGuire MK, Nunn ME. Prognosis versus actual outcome. II. The effectiveness of clinical parameters in developing an accurate prognosis. J Periodontol 1996: 67: 658-665.
117. McGuire MK, Nunn ME. Prognosis versus actual outcome. III. The effectiveness of clinical parameters in accurately predicting tooth survival. J Periodontol 1996: 67: 666-674.
118. Mengel R, Behle M, Flores-de-Jacoby L. Osseointegrated implants in subjects treated for generalized aggressive periodontitis: 10-year results of a prospective, long-term cohort study. J Periodontol 2007: 78: 2229-2237.
119. Mengel R, Flores-de-Jacoby L. Implants in regenerated bone in patients treated for generalized aggressive periodontitis: a prospective longitudinal study. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2005: 25: 331-341.
120. Mengel R, Flores-de-Jacoby L. Implants in patients treated for generalized aggressive and chronic periodontitis: a 3-year prospective longitudinal study. J Periodontol 2005: 76: 534-543.
121. Mengel R, Schröder T, Flores-de-Jacoby L. Osseointegrated implants in patients treated for generalized chronic periodontitis and generalized aggressive periodontitis: 3- and 5-year results of a prospective long-term study. J Periodontol 2001: 72: 977-989.
122. Mombelli A, Feloutzis A, Bragger U, Lang NP. Treatment of peri-implantitis by local delivery of tetracycline. Clinical, microbiological and radiological results. Clin Oral Implants Res 2001: 12: 287-294.
123. Mombelli A, Lang NP. Antimicrobial treatment of peri-implant infections. Clin Oral Implants Res 1992: 3: 162-168.
124. Mombelli A, Marxer M, Gaberthüel T, Grunder U, Lang NP. The microbiota of osseointegrated implants in patients with a history of periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 1995: 22: 124-130.
125. Needleman I, McGrath C, Floyd P, Biddle A. Impact of oral health on the life quality of periodontal patients. J Clin Periodontol 2004: 31: 454-457.
126. Nyman S, Lindhe J, Lundgren D. The role of occlusion for the stability of fixed bridges in patients with reduced periodontal tissue support. J Clin Periodontol 1975: 2: 53-66.
127. Oliver RC, Brown LJ, Loe H. Periodontal diseases in the United States population. J Periodontol 1998: 69: 269-278.
128. Ong CT, Ivanovski S, Needleman IG, Retzepi M, Moles DR, Tonetti MS, Donos N. Systematic review of implant outcomes in treated periodontitis subjects. J Clin Periodontol 2008: 35: 438-462.
129. Ozcelik O, Haytac MC, Seydaoglu G. Immediate post-operative effects of different periodontal treatment modalities on oral health-related quality of life: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2007: 34: 788-796.
130. Papaioannou W, Bollen CM, van Eldere J, Quirynen M. The adherence of periodontopathogens to periodontal probes. A possible factor in intra-oral transmission?. J Periodontol 1996: 67: 1164-1169.
131. Papaioannou W, Quirynen M, van Steenberghe D. The influence of periodontitis on the subgingival flora around implants in partially edentulous patients. Clin Oral Implants Res 1996: 7: 405-409.
132. Papapanou PN, Wennström JL. A 10-year retrospective study of periodontal disease progression. Clinical characteristics of subjects with pronounced and minimal disease development. J Clin Periodontol 1990: 17: 78-84.
133. Papapanou PN, Wennström JL, Gröndahl K. Periodontal status in relation to age and tooth type. A cross-sectional radiographic study. J Clin Periodontol 1988: 15: 469-478.
134. Pennington M, Vernazza C, Heasman P. Making the leap from cost analysis to cost-effectiveness. J Clin Periodontol 2009: 36: 667-668.
135. Pennington MW, Vernazza CR, Shackley P, Armstrong NT, Whitworth JM, Steele JG. Evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of root canal treatment using conventional approaches versus replacement with an implant. Int Endod J 2009: 42: 874-883.
136. Persson GR, Salvi GE, Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Lang NP. Antimicrobial therapy using a local drug delivery system (Arestin) in the treatment of peri-implantitis. I: microbiological outcomes. Clin Oral Implants Res 2006: 17: 386-393.
137. Pihlstrom BL, McHugh RB, Oliphant TH, Ortiz-Campos C. Comparison of surgical and nonsurgical treatment of periodontal disease. A review of current studies and additional results after 61/2years. J Clin Periodontol 1983: 10: 524-541.
138. Pjetursson BE, Brägger U, Lang NP, Zwahlen M. Comparison of survival and complication rates of tooth-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) and implant-supported FDPs and single crowns (SCs). Clin Oral Implants Res 2007: 18(Suppl. 3): 97-113.
139. Pjetursson BE, Lang NP. Prosthetic treatment planning on the basis of scientific evidence. J Oral Rehabil 2008: 35(Suppl. 1): 72-79.
140. Pjetursson BE, Tan K, Lang NP, Brägger U, Egger M, Zwahlen MA. Systematic review of the survival and complication rates of fixed partial dentures (FPDs) after an observation period of at least 5years. Clin Oral Implants Res 2004: 15: 625-642.
141. Pjetursson BE, Tan K, Lang NP, Brägger U, Egger M, Zwahlen MA. Systematic review of the survival and complication rates of fixed partial dentures (FPDs) after an observation period of at least 5years. Clin Oral Implants Res 2004: 15: 667-676.
142. Pretzl B, Wiedemann D, Cosgarea R, Kaltschmitt J, Kim TS, Staehle HJ, Eickholz P. Effort and costs of tooth preservation in supportive periodontal treatment in a German population. J Clin Periodontol 2009: 36: 669-676.
143. Ramfjord SP. Maintenance care for treated periodontitis patients. J Clin Periodontol 1987: 14: 433-437.
144. Renvert S, Persson GR. A systematic review on the use of residual probing depth, bleeding on probing and furcation status following initial periodontal therapy to predict further attachment and tooth loss. J Clin Periodontol 2002: 3: 82-89.
145. Renvert S, Persson GR. Periodontitis as a potential risk factor for peri-implantitis. J Clin Periodontol 2009: 36(Suppl. 10): 9-14.
146. Renvert S, Roos-Jansåker AM, Claffey N. Non-surgical treatment of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis: a literature review. J Clin Periodontol 2008: 35: 305-315.
147. Romeo E, Lops D, Chiapasco M, Ghisolfi M, Vogel G. Therapy of peri-implantitis with resective surgery. A 3-year clinical trial on rough screw-shaped oral implants. Part II: radiographic outcome. Clin Oral Implants Res 2007: 18: 179-187.
148. Rosling B, Serino G, Hellström MK, Socransky SS, Lindhe J. Longitudinal periodontal tissue alterations during supportive therapy. Findings from subjects with normal and high susceptibility to periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 2001: 28: 241-249.
149. Sarita PT, Kreulen CM, Witter D, Creugers NH. Signs and symptoms associated with TMD in adults with shortened dental arches. Int J Prosthodont 2003: 16: 265-270.
150. Sbordone L, Barone A, Ciaglia RN, Ramaglina L, Iacono V. Longitudinal study of dental implants in a periodontally compromised population. J Periodontol 1999: 70: 1322-1329.
151. Serino G, Strom C. Peri-implantitis in partially edentulous patients: association with inadequate plaque control. Clin Oral Implants Res 2009: 20: 169-174.
152. Simonis P, Dufour T, Tenenbaum H. Long-term implant survival and success: a 10-16-year follow-up of non-submerged dental implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 2010: 21: 772-777.
153. Sonoyama W, Kuboki T, Okamoto S, Suzuki H, Arakawa H, Kanyama M, Yatani H, Yamashita A. Quality of life assessment in patients with implant-supported and resin-bonded fixed prosthesis for bounded edentulous spaces. Clin Oral Implants Res 2002: 13: 359-364.
154. Splieth C, Giesenberg J, Fanghanel J, Bernhardt O, Kocher T. Periodontal attachment level of extractions presumably performed for periodontal reasons. J Clin Periodontol 2002: 29: 514-518.
155. Tavares M, Branch LG, Shulman L. Dental implant patients and their satisfaction with treatment. J Dent Educ 1990: 54: 670-679.
156. Tepper G, Haas R, Mailath G, Teller C, Zechner W, Watzak G, Watzek G. Representative marketing-oriented study on implants in the Austrian population. I. Level of information, sources of information and need for patient information. Clin Oral Implants Res 2003: 14: 621-633.
157. Tepper G, Haas R, Mailath G, Tellet C, Zechner W, Watzak G, Watzek G. Representative marketing-oriented study on implants in the Austrian population. II. Implant acceptance, patient-perceived cost and patient satisfaction. Clin Oral Implants Res 2003: 14: 634-642.
158. Tomasi C, Wennström JL, Berglundh T. Longevity of teeth and implants - a systematic review. J Oral Rehabil 2008: 35(Suppl. 1): 23-32.
159. Tonetti MS, Muller-Campanile V, Lang NP. Changes in the prevalence of residual pockets and tooth loss in treated periodontal patients during a supportive maintenance care program. J Clin Periodontol 1998: 25: 1008-1016.
160. Tonetti MS, Steffen P, Muller-Campanile V, Suvan J, Lang NP. Initial extractions and tooth loss during supportive care in a periodontal population seeking comprehensive care. J Clin Periodontol 2000: 27: 824-831.
161. Torabinejad M, Anderson P, Bader J, Brown LJ, Chen LH, Goodacre CJ, Kattadiyil MT, Kutsenko D, Lozada J, Patel R, Petersen F, Puterman I, White SN. Outcomes of root canal treatment and restoration, implant-supported single crowns, fixed partial dentures, and extraction without replacement: a systematic review. J Prosthet Dent 2007: 98: 285-311.
162. Tsakos G, Bernabé E, D'Aiuto F, Pikhart H, Tonetti M, Sheiham A, Donos N. Assessing the minimally important difference in the oral impact on daily performances index in patients treated for periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2010: 37: 903-909.
163. Tymstra N, Meijer HJ, Stellingsma K, Raghoebar GM, Vissink A. Treatment outcome and patient satisfaction with two adjacent implant-supported restorations in the esthetic zone. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2010: 30: 307-316.
164. van de Velde T, Glor F, De Bruyn H. A model study on flapless implant placement by clinicians with a different experience level in implant surgery. Clin Oral Implants Res 2008: 19: 66-72.
165. van der Velden U, Sanz M. Postgraduate periodontal education. Scope, competences, proficiencies and learning outcomes: consensus report of the 1st European Workshop on Periodontal Education - position paper 3 and consensus view 3. Eur J Dent Educ 2010: 14(Suppl. 1): 34-40.
166. Warren JJ, Hand JS, Levy SM, Kirchner L. Factors related to decisions to extract or retain at-risk teeth. J Public Health Dent 2000: 60: 39-421.
167. Wennström JL, Ekestubbe A, Gröndahl K, Karlsson S, Lindhe J. Implant-supported single-tooth restorations: a 5-year prospective study. J Clin Periodontol 2005: 32: 567-574.
168. Wennström JL, Lang NP. Treatment planning for implant therapy in the periodontally compromised patient. In: Lindhe J, Lang NP, Karring T, editors. Textbook of clinical periodontology and implant dentistry, 5th edn. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard, 2008: 675-686.
169. Wennström JL, Papapanou PN, Gröndahl K. A model for decision making regarding periodontal treatment needs. J Clin Periodontol 1990: 17: 217-222.
170. Wennström JL, Serino G, Lindhe J, Eneroth L, Tollskog G. Periodontal conditions of adult regular dental care attendants. A 12-year longitudinal study. J Clin Periodontol 1993: 20: 714-722.
171. Wilson TG Jr. Compliance and its role in periodontal therapy. Periodontol 2000 1996: 12: 16-23.
172. Witter DJ, van Elteren P, Kayser AF, van Rossum GM. Oral comfort in shortened dental arches. J Oral Rehabil 1990: 17: 137-143.
173. Yi S-W, Carlsson GE, Ericsson I, Kim CK. Patient evaluation of treatment with fixed implant-supported partial dentures. J Oral Rehabil 2001: 28: 998-1002.
174. Zimmer CM, Zimmer WM, Williams J, Liesener J. Public and acceptance of dental implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1992: 7: 228-232.
175. Zitzmann NU, Berglundh T. Definition and prevalence of peri-implant diseases. J Clin Periodontol 2008: 35: 286-291.
176. Zitzmann NU, Berglundh T, Ericsson I, Lindhe J. Spontaneous progression of experimentally induced peri-implantitis. J Clin Periodontol 2004: 31: 845-849.