Mini-review: Convection around biofilms

Biofouling

Volumn 28, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 187-198

  Stewart, Philip S ^a  

^a MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

biofilm; detachment; hydrodynamics; mass transfer; Peclet number; Reynolds number; Sherwood number

Indexed keywords

BIOFILM; BIOFOULING; HYDRODYNAMICS; INHIBITION; LITERATURE REVIEW; MASS TRANSFER; NUTRIENT LIMITATION; REYNOLDS NUMBER; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; TURBULENCE; VORTEX;

EID: 84859618982     PISSN: 08927014     EISSN: 10292454     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2012.662641     Document Type: Review

References (94)

1. Alpkvist, E and Klapper, I. 2007. Description of mechanical response including detachment using a novel particle model of biofilm/flow interaction. Water Sci Technol, 55: 265-273.
2. Besemer, K, Singer, G, Hödl, I and Battin, TJ. 2009. Bacterial community composition of stream biofilms in spatially variable-flow environments. Appl Environ Microbiol, 75: 7189-7195.
3. Bishop, PL, Gibbs, JT and Cunningham, BE. 1997. Relationship between concentration and hydrodynamic boundary layers over biofilms. Environ Technol, 18: 375-386.
4. Bissett, A, de, Beer D, Schoon, R, Shiraishi, F, Reimer, A and Arp, G. 2008. Microbial mediation of stromatolite formation in karst-water creeks. Limnol Oceanogr, 53: 1159-1168.
5. Brindle, ER, Miller, DA and Stewart, PS. 2011. Hydrodynamic deformation and removal of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms treated with urea, chlorhexidine, iron chloride, or DispersinB. Biotechnol Bioeng, 108: 2968-2977.
6. Characklis, WG, Turakhia, MH and Zelver, N. 1990. "Transport and interfacial transfer phenomena". In Biofilms, Edited by: Characklis, WG and Marshall, KC. 265-340. New York (USA): John Wiley & Sons.
7. Christiansen, P, Hollesen, L and Harremoes, P. 1995. Liquid-film diffusion on reaction rate in submerged biofilters. Water Res, 29: 947-952.
8. Cogan, NG. 2008. Two-fluid model of biofilm disinfection. Bull Math Biol, 70: 800-819.
9. Davison, WM, Pitts, B and Stewart, PS. 2010. Spatial and temporal patterns of biocide action against Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 54: 2920-2927.
10. de Beer, D and Stoodley, P. 2006. "Microbial biofilms". In The prokaryotes, Edited by: Dworkin, M, Falkow, S, Rosenberg, E, Schleifer, KH and Stackebrandt, E. 904-937. New York (USA): Springer-Verlag.
11. de Beer, D, Stoodley, P and Lewandowski, Z. 1994a. Liquid flow in heterogeneous biofilms. Biotechnol Bioeng, 20: 636-641.
12. de Beer, D, Stoodley, P and Lewandowski, Z. 1997. Measurements of local diffusion coefficients in biofilms by microinjection and confocal microscopy. Biotechnol Bioeng, 53: 151-158.
13. de Beer, D, Stoodley, P, Roe, F and Lewandowski, Z. 1994b. Effects of biofilm structure on oxygen distribution and mass transport. Biotechnol Bioeng, 43: 1131-1138.
14. Debus, O, Baumgartl, H and Sekoulov, I. 1994. Influence of fluid velocities on the degradation of volatile aromatic-compounds in membrane-bound biofilms. Water Sci Technol, 29: 253-262.
15. Dockery, J and Klapper, I. 2001. Finger formation in biofilm layers. SIAM J Appl Math, 62: 853-869.
16. Dunsmore, BC, Jacobsen, A, Hall-Stoodley, L, Bass, CJ, Lappin-Scott, HM and Stoodley, P. 2002. The influence of fluid shear on the structure and material properties of sulphate-reducing bacterial biofilms. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol, 29: 347-353.
17. Eberl, HJ and Sudarsan, R. 2008. Exposure of biofilms to slow flow fields: the convective contribution to growth and disinfection. J Theor Biol, 253: 788-807.
18. Fowler, JD and Robertson, CR. 1991. Hydraulic permeability of immobilized bacterial cell aggregates. Appl Environ Microbiol, 57: 102-113.
19. Fux, CA, Wilson, S and Stoodley, P. 2004. Detachment characteristics and oxacillin resistance of Staphyloccocus aureus biofilm emboli in an in vitro catheter infection model. J Bacteriol, 186: 4486-4491.
20. Gantzer, CJ, Rittmann, BE and Herricks, EE. 1988. Mass-transport to streambed biofilms. Water Res, 22: 709-722.
21. Gjersing, EL, Codd, SL, Seymour, JD and Stewart, PS. 2005. Magnetic resonance microscopy analysis of advective transport in a biofilm reactor. Biotechnol Bioeng, 89: 822-834.
22. Graba, M, Moulin, FY, Boulêtreau, S, Garabétian, F, Kettab, A, Eiff, O, Sánchez-Pérez, JM and Sauvage, S. 2010. Effect of near-bed turbulence on chronic detachment of epilithic biofilm: experimental and modeling approaches. Water Resour Res 46:W11531,
23. 2O. J Phys Chem, 100: 5597-5602.
24. Hermanowicz SW. 1999. Two dimensional simulations of biofilm development: effects of external environmental conditions. Water Sci Technol, 39: 107-114.
25. Horn, H and Hempel, DC. 1995. Mass transfer coefficients for an autotrophic and a heterotrophic biofilm system. Water Sci Technol, 32: 199-204.
26. Horn, H, Wäsche, S and Hempel, DC. 2002. Simulation of biofilm growth, substrate conversion and mass transfer under different hydrodynamic conditions. Water Sci Technol, 46: 249-252.
27. Hornemann, JA, Codd, SL, Fell, RJ, Stewart, PS and Seymour, JD. 2009. Secondary flow mixing due to biofilm growth in capillaries of varying dimensions. Biotechnol Bioeng, 103: 353-360.
28. Horswill, AR, Stoodley, P, Stewart, PS and Parsek, MR. 2007. The effect of the chemical, biological, and physical environment on quorum sensing in structured microbial communities. Anal Bioanal Chem, 387: 371-380.
29. Johnson, EM and Deen, WM. 1996. Hydraulic permeability of agarose gels. AIChE J, 42: 1220-1224.
30. Kirisits, MJ, Margolis, JJ, Purevdorj-Gage, BL, Vaughan, B, Chopp, DL, Stoodley, P and Parsek, MR. 2007. Influence of the hydrodynamic environment on quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. J Bacteriol, 189: 8357-8360.
31. Kühl, M and Jørgensen, BB. 1992. Microsensor measurements of sulfate reduction and sulfide oxidation in compact microbial communities of aerobic biofilms. Appl Environ Microbiol, 58: 1164-1174.
32. La Motta EJ. 1976. External mass transfer in a biological film reactor. Biotechnol Bioeng, 28: 1359-1370.
33. Lee, JH, Kaplan, JB and Lee, WY. 2008. Microfluidic devices for studying growth and detachment of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms. Biomed Microdevices, 10: 489-498.
34. Lewandowski, Z, Altobelli, SA and Fukushima, E. 1993. NMR and microelectrode studies of hydrodynamics and kinetics in biofilms. Biotechnol Prog, 9: 40-45.
35. Lewandowski, Z, Altobelli, SA, Majors, PD and Fukushima, E. 1992. NMR imaging of hydrodynamics near microbially colonized surfaces. Water Sci Technol, 26: 577-584.
36. Li, SY and Chen, GH. 1994. Modeling the organic removal and oxygen-consumption by biofilms in an open-channel flow. Water Sci Technol, 30: 53-61.
37. Libicki, SB, Salmon, PM and Robertson, CR. 1988. The effective diffusive permeability of a nonreacting solute in microbial cell aggregates. Biotechnol Bioeng, 32: 68-85.
38. Manz, B, Volke, F, Goll, D and Horn, H. 2003. Measuring local flow velocities and biofilm structure in biofilm systems with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Biotechnol Bioeng, 84: 424-432.
39. Masic, A, Bengtsson, J and Christensson, M. 2010. Measuring and modeling the oxygen profile in a nitrifying moving bed biofilm reactor. Math Biosci, 227: 1-11.
40. McDonogh, R, Schaule, G and Flemming, H.-C. 1994. The permeability of biofouling layers on membranes. J Membrane Sci, 87: 199-217.
41. Nir, A and Pismen, LM. 1977. Simultaneous intraparticle forced convection, diffusion, and reaction in a porous catalyst. Chem Eng Sci, 32: 35-41.
42. Nishihara, GN and Ackerman, JD. 2007. On the determination of mass transfer in a concentration boundary layer. Limnol Oceanogr Meth, 5: 88-96.
43. Ohl, AL, Horn, H and Hempel, DC. 2004. Behaviour of biofilm systems under varying hydrodynamic conditions. Water Sci Technol, 49: 345-351.
44. Picioreanu, C, van, Loosdrecht MC and Heijnen, JJ. 1998. Mathematical modeling of biofilm structure with a hybrid differential-discrete cellular automaton approach. Biotechnol Bioeng, 58: 101-116.
45. Picioreanu, C, van, Loosdrecht MC and Heijnen, JJ. 2000. A theoretical study on the effect of surface roughness on mass transport and transformation in biofilms. Biotechnol Bioeng, 68: 355-369.
46. Picioreanu, C, Vrouwenvelder, JS and van, Loosdrecht MCM. 2009. Three-dimensional modeling of biofouling and fluid dynamics in feed spacer channels of membrane devices. J Membrane Sci, 345: 340-354.
47. Picologlou, BF, Zelver, N and Characklis, WG. 1980. Biofilm growth and hydraulic performance. J Hyd Div ASCE, 106: 733-746.
48. Purevdorj-Gage, LB and Stoodley, P. 2004. "Biofilm structure, behavior, and hydrodynamics". In Microbial biofilms, Edited by: Ghannoum, M and O'Toole, GA. 160-173. Washington (DC): ASM Press.
49. Rani, SA, Pitts, B and Stewart, PS. 2005. Rapid diffusion of fluorescent tracers into Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms visualized by time lapse microscopy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 49: 728-732.
50. Rasmussen, K and Lewandowski, Z. 1998. Microelectrode measurements of local mass transport rates in heterogeneous biofilms. Biotechnol Bioeng, 59: 302-309.
51. Roberts, RD, Revsbech, NP and Damgaard, LR. 2007. Effect of water velocity and benthic diatom morphology on the water chemistry experienced by post-larval abalone. J Shellfish Res, 26: 745-750.
52. Rochex, A, Godon, JJ, Bernet, N and Escudié, R. 2008. Role of shear stress on composition, diversity and dynamics of biofilm bacterial communities. Water Res, 42: 4915-4922.
53. Roy, H, Huttel, M and Jørgensen, BB. 2002. The role of small-scale sediment topography for oxygen flux across the diffusive boundary layer. Limnol Oceanogr, 47: 837-847.
54. Rupp, CJ, Fux, CA and Stoodley, P. 2005. Viscoelasticity of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in response to fluid shear allows resistance to detachment and facilitates rolling migration. Appl Environ Microbiol, 71: 2175-2178.
55. Rusconi, R, Lecuyer, S, Guglielmini, L and Stone, HA. 2010. Laminar flow around corners triggers the formation of biofilm streamers. J R Soc Interface, 7: 1293-1299.
56. Rusconi, R, Lecuyer, S, Autrusson, N, Guglielmini, L and Stone, HA. 2011. Secondary flow as a mechanism for the formation of biofilm streamers. Biophys J, 100: 1392-1399.
57. Salek, MM, Sattari, P and Martinuzzi, RJ. 2011. Analysis of fluid flow and wall shear stress patterns inside partially filled agitated culture well plates. Ann Biomed Eng [Epub ahead of print], DOI:10.1007/s10439-011-0444-9.
58. Sangani, AS and Acrivos, A. 1982. Slow flow through a periodic array of spheres. Int J Multiphase Flow, 8: 343-360.
59. Schultz, MP and Swain, GW. 1999. The effect of biofilms on turbulent boundary layers. J Fluids Eng, 121: 44-51.
60. Seymour, JD, Codd, SL, Gjersing, EL and Stewart, PS. 2004a. Magnetic resonance microscopy of biofilm structure and impact on transport in a capillary bioreactor. J Magn Reson, 167: 322-327.
61. Seymour, JD, Gage, JP, Codd, SL and Gerlach, R. 2004b. Anomalous fluid transport in porous media induced by biofilm growth. Phys Rev Lett 93: 198103-1-198103-4,
62. Siegrist, H and Gujer, W. 1987. Demonstration of mass transfer and pH effects in a nitrifying biofilm. Water Res, 21: 1481-1487.
63. Sim[otilde]es, M, Pereira, MO and Vieira, MJ. 2005. Effect of mechanical stress on biofilms challenged by different chemicals. Water Res, 39: 5142-5152.
64. Sim[otilde]es, M, Pereira, MO and Vieira, MJ. 2007. The role of hydrodynamic stress on the phenotypic characteristics of single and binary biofilms of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Water Sci Technol, 55: 437-445.
65. Sim[otilde]es, M, Sim[otilde]es, LC and Vieira, MJ. 2008. Physiology and behavior of Pseudomonas fluorescens single and dual strain biofilms under diverse hydrodynamics stresses. Int J Food Microbiol, 128: 309-316.
66. Singer, G, Besemer, K, Hochedlinger, G, Chlup, AK and Battin, TJ. 2011. Monomeric carbohydrate uptake and structure-function coupling in stream biofilms. Aquat Microb Ecol, 62: 71-83.
67. 2 dynamics in biofilms. J Microbiol Meth, 85: 67-74.
68. Stewart PS. 1998. A review of experimental measurements of effective diffusive permeabilities and effective diffusion coefficients in biofilms. Biotechnol Bioeng, 59: 261-272.
69. Stewart PS. 2003. Diffusion in biofilms. J Bacteriol, 185: 1485-1491.
70. Stewart, PS, Davison, WM and Steenbergen, JN. 2009. Daptomycin rapidly penetrates a Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 53: 3505-3507.
71. Stoodley, P, de Beer, D and Lewandowski, Z. 1994. Liquid flow in biofilm systems. Appl Environ Microbiol, 60: 2711-2716.
72. Stoodley, P, Lewandowski, Z, Boyle, JD and Lappin-Scott, HM. 1998. Oscillation characteristics of biofilm streamers in turbulent flowing water as related to drag and pressure drop. Biotechnol Bioeng, 57: 536-544.
73. Stoodley, P, Lewandowski, Z, Boyle, JD and Lappin-Scott, HM. 1999. Structural deformation of bacterial biofilms caused by short-term fluctuations in fluid shear: An in situ investigation of biofilm rheology. Biotechnol Bioeng, 65: 83-92.
74. Stoodley, P, Yang, S, Lappin-Scott, H and Lewandowski, Z. 1997. Relationship between mass transfer coefficient and liquid flow velocity in heterogenous biofilms using microelectrodes and confocal microscopy. Biotechnol Bioeng, 56: 681-688.
75. Stoodley, P, Cargo, R, Rupp, CJ, Wilson, S and Klapper, I. 2002. Biofilm material properties as related to shear-induced deformation and detachment phenomena. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol, 29: 361-367.
76. Stoodley, P, Dodds, I, De Beer, D, Scott, HL and Boyle, JD. 2005. Flowing biofilms as a transport mechanism for biomass through porous media under laminar and turbulent conditions in a laboratory reactor system. Biofouling, 21: 161-168.
77. Stoodley, P, Wilson, S, Hall-Stoodley, L, Boyle, JD, Lappin-Scott, HM and Costerton, JW. 2001b. Growth and detachment of cell clusters from mature mixed species biofilms. Appl Environ Microbiol, 67: 5608-5613.
78. 3 on the material properties of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01 and Desulfovibrio sp. EX265 biofilms. Water Sci Technol, 43: 113-120.
79. Taherzadeh, D, Picioreanu, C, Küttler, U, Simone, A, Wall, WA and Horn, H. 2010. Computational study of the drag and oscillatory movement of biofilm streamers in fast flows. Biotechnol Bioeng, 105: 600-610.
80. Teodósio, JS, Sim[otilde]es, M, Melo, LF and Mergulhão, FJ. 2011. Flow cell hydrodynamics and their effects on E. coli biofilm formation under different nutrient conditions and turbulent flow. Biofouling, 27: 1-11.
81. Towler, BW, Cunningham, AB, Stoodley, P and McKittrick, L. 2006. A model of fluid-biofilm interaction using a Burger material law. Biotechnol Bioeng, 96: 259-271.
82. van Dyke, M. 1982. "An album of fluid motion". Stanford (CA): Parabolic Press.
83. van, Loosdrecht MC, Heijnen, JJ, Eberl, H, Kreft, J and Picioreanu, C. 2002. Mathematical modelling of biofilm structures. Antonie Leeuwenhoek, 81: 245-256.
84. Vaughan, BL Jr, Smith, BG and Chopp, DL. 2010. The influence of fluid flow on modeling quorum sensing in bacterial biofilms. Bull Math Biol, 72: 1143-1165.
85. Vo, GD and Heys, J. 2011. Biofilm deformation in response to fluid flow in capillaries. Biotechnol Bioeng, 108: 1893-1899.
86. Vo, GD, Brindle, E and Heys, J. 2010. An experimentally validated immersed boundary model of fluid-biofilm interaction. Water Sci Technol, 61: 3033-3040.
87. Wagner, M, Manz, B, Volke, F, Neu, TR and Horn, H. 2010. Online assessment of biofilm development, sloughing and forced detachment in tube reactor by means of magnetic resonance microscopy. Biotechnol Bioeng, 107: 172-181.
88. Wäsche, S, Horn, H and Hempel, DC. 2002. Influence of growth conditions on biofilm development and mass transfer at the bulk/biofilm interface. Water Res, 36: 4775-4784.
89. Yang, S and Lewandowski, Z. 1995. Measurement of local mass transfer coefficient in biofilms. Biotechnol Bioeng, 48: 737-744.
90. Yang, YX, Liao, Q, Zhu, X, Wang, H, Wu, R and Lee, DJ. 2011. Lattice Boltzmann simulation of substrate flow past a cylinder with PSB biofilm for bio-hydrogen production. Intl J Hydrogen Energy, 36: 14031-14040.
91. Yu, T, de, la Rossa C and Lu, R. 2004. Microsensor measurement of oxygen concentration in biofilms: from one dimension to three dimensions. Water Sci Technol, 49: 353-358.
92. Zhang, TC and Bishop, PL. 1994. Experimental determination of the dissolved oxygen boundary layer and mass transfer resistance near the fluid biofilm interface. Water Sci Technol, 30: 47-58.
93. Zhang, W, Sileika, TS, Chen, C, Liu, Y, Lee, J and Packman, AI. 2011. A novel planar flow cell for studies of biofilm heterogeneity and flow-biofilm interactions. Biotechnol Bioeng, 108: 2571-2582.
94. Zhu, S and Chen, S. 2001. Impacts of Reynolds number on nitrification biofilm kinetics. Aquacult Eng, 24: 213-229.