메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue 5 SUPPL.ISS, 2011, Pages 1-23

Impact of climate change on human health and health systems in Tanzania: A review

Author keywords

Adaptation; Climate change; Diseases; Health; Health systems; Mitigation; Policy; Tanzania

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS; BIODIVERSITY; BIOSAFETY; CHOLERA; CLIMATE CHANGE; DENGUE; DIARRHEA; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; DROUGHT; ECOSYSTEM; EMERGENCY CARE; ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING; FOOD SAFETY; FOOD SECURITY; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH SERVICE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INFECTION; INFECTION CONTROL; LANDSLIDE; LEPTOSPIROSIS; LIFE CYCLE; MALARIA; MALNUTRITION; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; NATURAL DISASTER; PLAGUE; POPULATION DYNAMICS; PREVALENCE; REVIEW; RIFT VALLEY FEVER; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCHISTOSOMIASIS HAEMATOBIA; SCHISTOSOMIASIS MANSONI; SEASONAL VARIATION; SOCIAL WELFARE; TANZANIA; TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE; URBANIZATION; WARMING;

EID: 84859467020     PISSN: 18216404     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4314/thrb.v13i1.10     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (29)

References (116)
  • 1
    • 33745048743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of microclimatic changes caused by deforestation on the survivorship and reproductive fitness of Anopheles gambiae In Western Kenya Highlands
    • Afrane, Y.A., Zhou, G., Lawson, B.W., Githeko, A.K., Yan, G. (2006) Effects of microclimatic changes caused by deforestation on the survivorship and reproductive fitness of Anopheles gambiae In Western Kenya Highlands. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 74, 772-778.
    • (2006) American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , vol.74 , pp. 772-778
    • Afrane, Y.A.1    Zhou, G.2    Lawson, B.W.3    Githeko, A.K.4    Yan, G.5
  • 5
    • 33745046123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between the intensity of exposure to malaria parasites and infection in the Usambara Mountains Tanzania
    • Bødker, R., Msangeni, H.A., Kisinza, W.N. & Lindsay, S.W. (2006) Relationship between the intensity of exposure to malaria parasites and infection in the Usambara Mountains Tanzania. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 74, 716-723.
    • (2006) American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , vol.74 , pp. 716-723
    • Bødker, R.1    Msangeni, H.A.2    Kisinza, W.N.3    Lindsay, S.W.4
  • 12
    • 68149106020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arbovirus surveillance of mosquitoes collected at sites of active Rift Valley Fever Virus Transmission: Kenya 2006-2007
    • Crabtree M, Sang R, Lutomiah J, Richardson J, Miller B. (2007) Arbovirus surveillance of mosquitoes collected at sites of active Rift Valley Fever Virus Transmission: Kenya 2006-2007. Journal of Medical Entomology 46, 961-964.
    • (2007) Journal of Medical Entomology , vol.46 , pp. 961-964
    • Crabtree, M.1    Sang, R.2    Lutomiah, J.3    Richardson, J.4    Miller, B.5
  • 13
    • 14044276424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treading water: The long term impact of the 1998 flood on nutrition in Bangladesh
    • del Ninno, C. & Lundberg, M. (2005) Treading water: the long term impact of the 1998 flood on nutrition in Bangladesh. Economics & Human Biology 3, 67-96.
    • (2005) Economics & Human Biology , vol.3 , pp. 67-96
    • del Ninno, C.1    Lundberg, M.2
  • 15
    • 33645105474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yersinia pestis as a telluric, human ectoparasiteborne organism
    • Drancourt, M., Houhamdi, L., Raoult, D. (2006) Yersinia pestis as a telluric, human ectoparasiteborne organism. Lancet Infectious Diseases 6:234-241.
    • (2006) Lancet Infectious Diseases , vol.6 , pp. 234-241
    • Drancourt, M.1    Houhamdi, L.2    Raoult, D.3
  • 16
    • 35048896034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change related health impacts in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas
    • Ebi, K., Woodruff, R., Hildebrand, A. & Corvalan, C. (2007) Climate change related health impacts in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas. EcoHealth 4, no. 3: 264-270.
    • (2007) EcoHealth , vol.4 , Issue.3 , pp. 264-270
    • Ebi, K.1    Woodruff, R.2    Hildebrand, A.3    Corvalan, C.4
  • 20
    • 12744269099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of plague: Perspectives from more than a century of research
    • Gage, K.L. & Kosoy, M.Y. (2005) Natural history of plague: perspectives from more than a century of research. Annual Review of Entomology 50, 505-528.
    • (2005) Annual Review of Entomology , vol.50 , pp. 505-528
    • Gage, K.L.1    Kosoy, M.Y.2
  • 22
    • 0002342764 scopus 로고
    • The duration of the gonotrophic cycle in Anopheles gambiae and An. funestus with a note on the efficiency of hand catching
    • Gillies, M.T. (1953) The duration of the gonotrophic cycle in Anopheles gambiae and An. funestus with a note on the efficiency of hand catching. East African Medical Journal 30: 129-135.
    • (1953) East African Medical Journal , vol.30 , pp. 129-135
    • Gillies, M.T.1
  • 24
    • 0029279259 scopus 로고
    • Dengue/Dengue hemorrhagic fever: The emergence of a global health problem
    • Gubler, D.J. & Clark, C.G. (1995) Dengue/Dengue hemorrhagic fever: The emergence of a global health problem. Emerging Infectious Diseases 1: 55-57
    • (1995) Emerging Infectious Diseases , vol.1 , pp. 55-57
    • Gubler, D.J.1    Clark, C.G.2
  • 27
    • 0037077864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential effect of population and climate changes on global distribution of dengue fever: An empirical model
    • Hales, S., de Wet, N., Maindonald, J. & Woodward, A. (2002) Potential effect of population and climate changes on global distribution of dengue fever: an empirical model. Lancet 360:830-834.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.360 , pp. 830-834
    • Hales, S.1    de Wet, N.2    Maindonald, J.3    Woodward, A.4
  • 28
    • 25844508416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drivers for the emergence and re-emergence of vector-borne protozoal and bacterial diseases
    • Harrus, S. & Baneth, G. (2005) Drivers for the emergence and re-emergence of vector-borne protozoal and bacterial diseases. International Journal Parasitology 35, 1309-1318.
    • (2005) International Journal Parasitology , vol.35 , pp. 1309-1318
    • Harrus, S.1    Baneth, G.2
  • 29
    • 37349062731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of rainfall on the incidence of cholera in Bangladesh
    • Hashizume, M. (2008) The effect of rainfall on the incidence of cholera in Bangladesh. Epidemiology 19, 103-110.
    • (2008) Epidemiology , vol.19 , pp. 103-110
    • Hashizume, M.1
  • 32
    • 73849163622 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the temperature as a limiting factor for the survival of Oncomelania nosophora, the vector snail of Schistosoma japonicum in Japan
    • Iijima, T. & Sugiura, S. (1962) Studies on the temperature as a limiting factor for the survival of Oncomelania nosophora, the vector snail of Schistosoma japonicum in Japan. Japanese Journal Medical Science and Biology 15:221-228
    • (1962) Japanese Journal Medical Science and Biology , vol.15 , pp. 221-228
    • Iijima, T.1    Sugiura, S.2
  • 33
    • 0037900260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2001
    • IPCC, Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press
    • IPCC (2001) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2001. Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
    • (2001) Climate Change , vol.2001
  • 34
    • 34247370602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IPCC, Contributions of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Pannel on Climate Change, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
    • IPCC (2007) Climate Change 2007: Impacts Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contributions of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Pannel on Climate Change, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    • (2007) Climate Change 2007: Impacts Adaptation and Vulnerability
  • 35
    • 0030931981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential changes in the distribution of dengue transmission under climate warming
    • Jetten, T.H. & Focks, D.A. (1997) Potential changes in the distribution of dengue transmission under climate warming. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 57, 285-297.
    • (1997) American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , vol.57 , pp. 285-297
    • Jetten, T.H.1    Focks, D.A.2
  • 39
    • 84859461704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food security and health in the southern highlands of Tanzania: A multidisciplinary approach to evaluate the impact of climate change and other stress factors
    • doi: 10.5897/ajest11.003
    • Kangalawe, R.Y.M. (2012) Food security and health in the southern highlands of Tanzania: A multidisciplinary approach to evaluate the impact of climate change and other stress factors. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 6, 50-66. doi: 10.5897/ajest11.003
    • (2012) African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology , vol.6 , pp. 50-66
    • Kangalawe, R.Y.M.1
  • 40
    • 0030609759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary observations on factors responsible for long persistence and continued outbreaks of plague in Lushoto district, Tanzania
    • Kilonzo, B.S., Mvena, Z.S., Machangu, R.S. & Mbise, T.J. (1997) Preliminary observations on factors responsible for long persistence and continued outbreaks of plague in Lushoto district, Tanzania. Acta Tropica 68, 215-227.
    • (1997) Acta Tropica , vol.68 , pp. 215-227
    • Kilonzo, B.S.1    Mvena, Z.S.2    Machangu, R.S.3    Mbise, T.J.4
  • 41
    • 0001291209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutralising antibodies to arthropod-borne viruses in human and animals in the Union of South Africa
    • Kokernot RH, Smithburn KC, Weinbren MP. Neutralising antibodies to arthropod-borne viruses in human and animals in the Union of South Africa. J Immunol 77: 313-322.
    • J Immunol , vol.77 , pp. 313-322
    • Kokernot, R.H.1    Smithburn, K.C.2    Weinbren, M.P.3
  • 42
    • 0001291209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutralising antibodies to arthropod-borne viruses in human and animals in the Union of South Africa
    • Kokernot RH, Smithburn KC, Weinbren MP. Neutralising antibodies to arthropod-borne viruses in human and animals in the Union of South Africa. J Immunol 77: 313-322.
    • J Immunol , vol.77 , pp. 313-322
    • Kokernot, R.H.1    Smithburn, K.C.2    Weinbren, M.P.3
  • 46
    • 0034681829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of 1997-8 El Niño on highland malaria in Tanzania
    • Lindsay, S.W., Bødker, R., Malima, R., Msangeni, H. A. And Kisinza, W. (2000) Effect of 1997-8 El Niño on highland malaria in Tanzania. Lancet 355, 989-990.
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , pp. 989-990
    • Lindsay, S.W.1    Bødker, R.2    Malima, R.3    Msangeni, H.A.4    Kisinza, W.5
  • 47
    • 0043210857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolations of Bwamba virus from south central Uganda and north eastern Tanzania
    • Lutwama, J.J., Rwaguma, E.B., Nawanga, P.L., Mukuya, A. (2002) Isolations of Bwamba virus from south central Uganda and north eastern Tanzania. African Health Science 2(1): 24-28.
    • (2002) African Health Science , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 24-28
    • Lutwama, J.J.1    Rwaguma, E.B.2    Nawanga, P.L.3    Mukuya, A.4
  • 48
    • 0043210857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolations of Bwamba virus from south central Uganda and north eastern Tanzania
    • Lutwama, J.J., Rwaguma, E.B., Nawanga, P.L., Mukuya, A. (2002) Isolations of Bwamba virus from south central Uganda and north eastern Tanzania. African Health Science 2(1): 24-28.
    • (2002) African Health Science , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 24-28
    • Lutwama, J.J.1    Rwaguma, E.B.2    Nawanga, P.L.3    Mukuya, A.4
  • 49
    • 77951788603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schistosomiasis and Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis in Tanzania
    • Lwambo N.J.S. (2005) Schistosomiasis and Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis in Tanzania, Tanzania health Research Bulletin 7, iii-iv
    • (2005) Tanzania health Research Bulletin , vol.7
    • Lwambo, N.J.S.1
  • 52
    • 2442603129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of Leptospira isolates from captive giant pouched rats, Cricetomys gambianus
    • In, Edited by G. R. Singleton, L. A. Hinds, C. J. Krebs & M. D. Spratt. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research
    • Machang'u, R. S., Mgode, G., Asenga, J., Mhamphi, G., Hartskeerl, R., Goris, M., Cox, C., Weetjens, B. & Verhagen, R. (2003) Characterization of Leptospira isolates from captive giant pouched rats, Cricetomys gambianus. In Rats, Mice and People, Rodent Biology and Management, pp. 40-42. Edited by G. R. Singleton, L. A. Hinds, C. J. Krebs & M. D. Spratt. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research.
    • (2003) Rats, Mice and People, Rodent Biology and Management , pp. 40-42
    • Machang'u, R.S.1    Mgode, G.2    Asenga, J.3    Mhamphi, G.4    Hartskeerl, R.5    Goris, M.6    Cox, C.7    Weetjens, B.8    Verhagen, R.9
  • 53
    • 0031411540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptospirosis in animals and humans in selected areas of Tanzania
    • Machang'u, R.S., Mgode, G. & Mpanduji, D. (1997) Leptospirosis in animals and humans in selected areas of Tanzania. Belgium Journal of Zoology 127, 97-104.
    • (1997) Belgium Journal of Zoology , vol.127 , pp. 97-104
    • Machang'u, R.S.1    Mgode, G.2    Mpanduji, D.3
  • 54
    • 0022262702 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the ecology of Bulinus globosus, the intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium in the Ifakara area, Tanzania
    • Marti, H.P., Tanner, M., Degremont, A.A. & Freyvogel, T.A. (1985) Studies on the ecology of Bulinus globosus, the intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium in the Ifakara area, Tanzania. Acta Tropica 42, 171-187.
    • (1985) Acta Tropica , vol.42 , pp. 171-187
    • Marti, H.P.1    Tanner, M.2    Degremont, A.A.3    Freyvogel, T.A.4
  • 55
    • 0023227701 scopus 로고
    • The changed pattern of malaria endemicity and transmission at Amani in the eastern Usambara mountains, north-eastern Tanzania
    • Matola, Y.G., White, G.B. & Magayuka, S.A. (1987). The changed pattern of malaria endemicity and transmission at Amani in the eastern Usambara mountains, north-eastern Tanzania. Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 90, 127-134.
    • (1987) Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , vol.90 , pp. 127-134
    • Matola, Y.G.1    White, G.B.2    Magayuka, S.A.3
  • 56
    • 84859456194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping cholera risks using Geographical Information System in Ilala District, Tanzania
    • Mayala, B.K., Mboera, L.E.G. & Gwacha, F. (2003) Mapping cholera risks using Geographical Information System in Ilala District, Tanzania. Tanzania Health Research Bulletin 5, 8-12.
    • (2003) Tanzania Health Research Bulletin , vol.5 , pp. 8-12
    • Mayala, B.K.1    Mboera, L.E.G.2    Gwacha, F.3
  • 58
    • 33644656416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental and socio-economic determinants of malaria epidemics in the highlands of Tanzania
    • Mboera, L.E.G. (2004) Environmental and socio-economic determinants of malaria epidemics in the highlands of Tanzania, Tanzania Health Research Bulletin 6, 11-17.
    • (2004) Tanzania Health Research Bulletin , vol.6 , pp. 11-17
    • Mboera, L.E.G.1
  • 61
    • 80054952544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using retrospective epidemiological data to determine malaria epidemic prone areas and development of an epidemic early warning system in Mpwapwa District, central Tanzania
    • Mboera, L.E.G., Molteni, F., Nyange, A. & Thomas, E.G. (2005) Using retrospective epidemiological data to determine malaria epidemic prone areas and development of an epidemic early warning system in Mpwapwa District, central Tanzania. Tanzania Health Research Bulletin 7, 73-78.
    • (2005) Tanzania Health Research Bulletin , vol.7 , pp. 73-78
    • Mboera, L.E.G.1    Molteni, F.2    Nyange, A.3    Thomas, E.G.4
  • 67
    • 68749118544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MoHSW, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania
    • MoHSW (2008) Health Sector Strategic Plan III (2008-2015). Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania.
    • (2008) Health Sector Strategic Plan III (2008-2015)
  • 68
    • 84859459068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting the effect of climate change on African Trypanosomiasis: Integrating epidemiology with parasite and vector biology
    • doi: 10.1098/rsif.2011.0654
    • Moore, S., Shresthna, S., Tomlinson, K.W. & Vuong, H. (2011) Predicting the effect of climate change on African Trypanosomiasis: integrating epidemiology with parasite and vector biology. Journal of the Royal Society Interface. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2011.0654.
    • (2011) Journal of the Royal Society Interface
    • Moore, S.1    Shresthna, S.2    Tomlinson, K.W.3    Vuong, H.4
  • 74
    • 84859454343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NIMR, National Institute for Medical Research
    • NIMR (2006) National Health Research Priorities. National Institute for Medical Research http://www.nimr.or.tz/
    • (2006) National Health Research Priorities
  • 75
    • 84859464703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NIMR, National Institute for Medical Research
    • NIMR (2008) Strategic Plan III. National Institute for Medical Research http://www.nimr.or.tz/
    • (2008) Strategic Plan III
  • 76
    • 83155194183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NSGRP II, Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs. United Republic of Tanzania
    • NSGRP II (2010) National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty. Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs. United Republic of Tanzania.
    • (2010) National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty
  • 77
    • 0014540453 scopus 로고
    • Rat-flea indices, rainfall, and plague outbreaks in Vietnam, with emphasis on the Pleikue Area
    • Olson, W.P. (1969) Rat-flea indices, rainfall, and plague outbreaks in Vietnam, with emphasis on the Pleikue Area. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 18, 621-628.
    • (1969) American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , vol.18 , pp. 621-628
    • Olson, W.P.1
  • 78
    • 78651409267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raised temperatures over Kericho tea estates: Revisiting the climate in the East African highlands malaria debate
    • Omumbo, J.A., Lyon, B., Waweru, S.M., Connor, S.J. & Thomson, M.C. (2011) Raised temperatures over Kericho tea estates: revisiting the climate in the East African highlands malaria debate. Malaria Journal 10:2.
    • (2011) Malaria Journal , vol.10 , pp. 2
    • Omumbo, J.A.1    Lyon, B.2    Waweru, S.M.3    Connor, S.J.4    Thomson, M.C.5
  • 81
    • 0031954857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dengue fever epidemic potential as projected by general circulation models of global climate change
    • Patz, J.A., Martens, W.J.M., Focks, D.A. & Jettend, T.H. (1996) Dengue fever epidemic potential as projected by general circulation models of global climate change. Environmental Health Perspectives 106, 147-153.
    • (1996) Environmental Health Perspectives , vol.106 , pp. 147-153
    • Patz, J.A.1    Martens, W.J.M.2    Focks, D.A.3    Jettend, T.H.4
  • 83
    • 72049091493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Slums, climate change and human health in sub-Saharan Africa
    • Ramin, B. (2009) Slums, climate change and human health in sub-Saharan Africa. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 87, 886
    • (2009) Bulletin of the World Health Organization , vol.87 , pp. 886
    • Ramin, B.1
  • 85
    • 0025482409 scopus 로고
    • Temperature-dependent development and survival rates of Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)
    • Rueda, L.M., Patel, K.J., Axtell, R.C. & Stinner, R.E. (1990) Temperature-dependent development and survival rates of Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal of Medical Entomology 27, 892-898.
    • (1990) Journal of Medical Entomology , vol.27 , pp. 892-898
    • Rueda, L.M.1    Patel, K.J.2    Axtell, R.C.3    Stinner, R.E.4
  • 88
    • 77952503246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nairobi, Kenya, Arbovirology/Viral Haemorrhagic Fever Laboratory, Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, 2007. Available from, [Accessed 21October 2009]
    • Sang, R. C (2007) Dengue in Africa. Nairobi, Kenya, Arbovirology/Viral Haemorrhagic Fever Laboratory, Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, 2007. Available from: http:// www.tropika.net/review/061001-Dengue_in_Africa/article.pdf. [Accessed 21October 2009]
    • (2007) Dengue in Africa
    • Sang, R.C.1
  • 90
    • 77949453496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors associated with the seroprevalence of leptospirosis, amongst at-risk groups in and around Tanga city, Tanzania
    • Schoonman, L. & Swai, E. S. (2009) Risk factors associated with the seroprevalence of leptospirosis, amongst at-risk groups in and around Tanga city, Tanzania. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 103, 711-718.
    • (2009) Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology , vol.103 , pp. 711-718
    • Schoonman, L.1    Swai, E.S.2
  • 92
    • 0010008436 scopus 로고
    • Chapter 25 of Global climate change: Implications, challenges and mitigation measures, ed. S. K. Majumdar, L. S. Kalkstein, B. Yarnal, E. W. Miller, and L. M. Rosenfeld, 363-70. Easton, PA: The Pennsylvania Academy of Science
    • Shope, R.E. (1992) Impacts of global climate change on human health: Spread of infectious disease. Chapter 25 of Global climate change: Implications, challenges and mitigation measures, ed. S. K. Majumdar, L. S. Kalkstein, B. Yarnal, E. W. Miller, and L. M. Rosenfeld, 363-70. Easton, PA: The Pennsylvania Academy of Science.
    • (1992) Impacts of global climate change on human health: Spread of infectious disease
    • Shope, R.E.1
  • 93
    • 39049140732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Droughts and famines: The underlying factors and causal links among agro-pastoral households in semi-arid Makueni district, Kenya
    • Speranza, C.I., Kiteme, B. & Wiesmann, U. (2008) Droughts and famines: the underlying factors and causal links among agro-pastoral households in semi-arid Makueni district, Kenya. Global Environmental Change 18, 220-233.
    • (2008) Global Environmental Change , vol.18 , pp. 220-233
    • Speranza, C.I.1    Kiteme, B.2    Wiesmann, U.3
  • 95
    • 0001244595 scopus 로고
    • The development of irrigation and its influence on the transmission of Bilharziasis in Tanganyika
    • Sturrock, R.F. (1965) The development of irrigation and its influence on the transmission of Bilharziasis in Tanganyika. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 32, 225-236.
    • (1965) Bulletin of the World Health Organization , vol.32 , pp. 225-236
    • Sturrock, R.F.1
  • 96
    • 72749091066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of Rift Valley Fever immunoglobulin G antibody in various occupational groups before the 2007 outbreak in Tanzania
    • Swai, E.S. & Schoonman, L. (2009) Prevalence of Rift Valley Fever immunoglobulin G antibody in various occupational groups before the 2007 outbreak in Tanzania. Vector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases 9, 579-582.
    • (2009) Vector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases , vol.9 , pp. 579-582
    • Swai, E.S.1    Schoonman, L.2
  • 99
    • 0024503953 scopus 로고
    • Effects of environmental temperature on the vector competence of Aedes fowleri for Rift Valley fever virus
    • Turell, M.J. (1989) Effects of environmental temperature on the vector competence of Aedes fowleri for Rift Valley fever virus. Research in Virology 140, 147-154.
    • (1989) Research in Virology , vol.140 , pp. 147-154
    • Turell, M.J.1
  • 100
    • 35648937026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Slum health: From understanding to action
    • doi: 10.371/journal.pmed.0040295
    • Unger, A. & Riley, L.W. (2007) Slum health: from understanding to action. PLoS Medicine 4: e295-doi: 10.371/journal.pmed.0040295.
    • (2007) PLoS Medicine , vol.4
    • Unger, A.1    Riley, L.W.2
  • 106
    • 55849083051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of anthropogenic environmental alterations on vector-borne diseases
    • Vora, N. (2008) Impact of anthropogenic environmental alterations on vector-borne diseases. Medscape Journal of Medicine 10 (10): 238.
    • (2008) Medscape Journal of Medicine , vol.10 , Issue.10 , pp. 238
    • Vora, N.1
  • 108
    • 0003502310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Assessment of Vulnerability. A Special Report of IPCC Working Group II. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1998
    • Watson, R.T., Zinyowera, M.C. & Moss, R.H. (1998) The Regional Impacts of Climate Change. An Assessment of Vulnerability. A Special Report of IPCC Working Group II. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1998.
    • (1998) The Regional Impacts of Climate Change
    • Watson, R.T.1    Zinyowera, M.C.2    Moss, R.H.3
  • 109
    • 70449580182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WDR, Washington DC, World Bank 2009
    • WDR (2010) World Development Report 2010. Washington DC, World Bank 2009.
    • (2010) World Development Report 2010
  • 111
    • 0003760859 scopus 로고
    • WHO, Report of a WHO expert committee. World Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland. Technical Report Series, No. 739
    • WHO (1986) Epidemiology and control of African trypanosomiasis. Report of a WHO expert committee. World Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland. Technical Report Series, No. 739. 126 pp.
    • (1986) Epidemiology and control of African trypanosomiasis , pp. 126
  • 115
    • 0025274371 scopus 로고
    • Population dynamics model for Bulinus globosus, intermediate host for Schistosoma haematobium, in river habitats
    • Woolhouse, M.E. & Chandiwana, S.K. (1990) Population dynamics model for Bulinus globosus, intermediate host for Schistosoma haematobium, in river habitats. Acta Tropica 47, 151-160.
    • (1990) Acta Tropica , vol.47 , pp. 151-160
    • Woolhouse, M.E.1    Chandiwana, S.K.2
  • 116
    • 27844447229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulnerability, adaptation and climate disasters: A conceptual overview
    • Yamin, F., Rahman, A. & Huq, S. (2005) Vulnerability, adaptation and climate disasters: a conceptual overview. IDS Bulletin 36, 1-14.
    • (2005) IDS Bulletin , vol.36 , pp. 1-14
    • Yamin, F.1    Rahman, A.2    Huq, S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.