Attribution and evolution of ozone from Asian wild fires using satellite and aircraft measurements during the ARCTAS campaign

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 169-188

  Dupont, R ^a   Pierce, B ^b   Worden, J ^a   Hair, J ^c   Fenn, M ^d   Hamer, P ^a   Natarajan, M ^c   Schaack, T ^e   Lenzen, A ^e   Apel, E ^f   Dibb, J ^g   Diskin, G ^c   Huey, G ^h   Weinheimer, A ^f   Kondo, Y ⁱ   Knapp, D ^f  

^a CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b NOAA/NESDIS/STAR   (United States)

^c NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^d SCIENCE SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS INC   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

^f NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (United States)

^g UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE   (United States)

^h GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR QUALITY; AIRBORNE SURVEY; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; ATMOSPHERIC MODELING; ATMOSPHERIC PLUME; ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; BIOMASS BURNING; CARBON MONOXIDE; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); MIXING RATIO; OZONE; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; SATELLITE IMAGERY; TROPOSPHERE;

KAZAKHSTAN; SIBERIA; THAILAND;

EID: 84859147577     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-12-169-2012     Document Type: Article

References (104)

1. Abel, S. J., Highwood, E. J., Haywood, J. M., and Stringer, M. A.: The direct radiative effect of biomass burning aerosols over southern Africa, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 1999-2018, doi:10.5194/acp-5-1999-2005, 2005. (Pubitemid 41264081)
2. Al-Saadi, J. A., Soja, A., Pierce, R. B., Szykman, J., Wiedinmyer, C, Emmons, L., Kondragunta, S., Zhang, X. Y., Kittaka, C, Schaack, T., and Bowman, K.: Intercomparison of near-real-time biomass burning emissions estimates constrained by satellite fire data, J. Appl. Remote Sens., 2, 021504, doi:10.1117/1.2948785, 2008.
3. Andreae, M. O. and Merlet, P.: Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 15, 955-966, doi:10.1029/2000GB001382, 2001. (Pubitemid 34077846)
4. Andreae, M. O.: Soot carbon and excess fine potassium - Longrange transport of combustion-derived aerosols, Science, 220, 1148-1151, 1983. (Pubitemid 14256549)
5. Beer, R.: TES on the Aura Mission: Scientific objectives, measurements and analysis overview, IEEE T. Geosci. Remote Sens., 44, 1102-1105, doi:10.1109/TGRS.2005.863716, 2006.
6. Beer, R., Glavich, T. A., and Rider, D. M.: Tropospheric emission spectrometer for the Earth Observing System's Aura satellite, Appl. Opt., 40, 2356-2367, doi:10.1364/AO.40.002356, 2001.
7. Bertschi, I. T. and Jaffe, D. A.: Long-range transport of ozone, carbon monoxide, and aerosols to the NE Pacific troposphere during the summer of 2003: Observations of smoke plumes from Asian boreal fires, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D05303, doi:10.1029/2004JD005135, 2005. (Pubitemid 40815061)
8. Bey, I., Jacob, D. J., Yantosca, R. M., Logan, J. A., Field, B. D., Fiore, A. M., Li, Q., Liu, H. Y, Mickley, L. J., and Schultz, M. G.: Global modeling of tropospheric chemistry with assimilated meteorology: Model description and evaluation, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 23073-23096, 2001.
9. Bian, H, Prather, M., and Takemura, T.: Tropospheric aerosol impacts on trace-gas budgets through photolysis, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4242, doi:10.1029/2002JD002743, 2003.
10. Bowman, K. W., Rodgers, C. D., Kulawik, S. S., Worden, J., Sarkissian, E., Osterman, G., Steck, T., Ming Lou, Eldering, A., Shephard, M., Worden, H., Lampel, M., Clough, S., Brown, P., Rinsland, C, Gunson, M., and Beer, R.: Tropospheric emission spectrometer: Retrieval method and error analysis, IEEE T. Geosci. Remote Sens., 44, 1297-1307, doi:10.1109/TGRS.2006.871234, 2006.
11. Bowman, K. W., Jones, D. B. A., Logan, J. A., Worden, H., Boersma, F., Chang, R., Kulawik, S., Osterman, G., Hamer, P., and Worden, J.: The zonal structure of tropical O3 and CO as observed by the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer in November 2004 - Part 2: Impact of surface emissions on O3 and its precursors, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 3563-3582, doi:10.5194/acp-9-3563-2009, 2009.
12. Browell, E. V., Fenn, M. A., Butler, C. F., Grant, W. B., Ismail, S., Ferrare, R. A., Kooi, S. A., Brackett, V. G., Clayton, M. B., Avery, M. A., Barrick, J. D. W., Fuelberg, H. E., Maloney, J. C, Newell, R. E., Zhu, Y, Mahoney, M. J., Anderson, B. E., Blake, D. R., Brune, W. H, Heikes, B. G., Sachse, G. W., Singh, H. B., and Talbot, R. W.: Large-scale air mass characteristics observed over the remote tropical Pacific Ocean during March-April 1999: Results from PEM Tropics B Field Experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 32481-32501, 2001.
13. Cahoon Jr. D. R., Stocks, B. J., Levine, J. S., Cofer III, W. R., and Pierson, J. M.: Satellite analysis of the severe 1987 forest fires in northern China and southeastern Siberia, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 18627-18638, 1994.
14. Chin, M., Ginoux, P., Kinne, S., Torres, O., Holben, B. N., Duncan, B. N., Martin, R. V., Logan, J. A., Higurashi, A., and Nakajima, T.: Tropospheric aerosol optical thickness from the GOCART model and comparisons with satellite and sunphotometer measurements, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 461-483, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(2002)059<0461:TAOTFT>2.0.CO;2, 2002. (Pubitemid 34838318)
15. Chin, M., Ginoux, P., Lucchesi, R., Huebert, B., Weber, R., Anderson, T., Masonis, S., Blomquist, B., Bandy, A., and Thornton, D.: A global aerosol model forecast for the ACE-Asia field experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8654, doi:10.1029/2003JD003642, 2003.
16. Christopher, S. A., Chou, J., Welch, R. M., Kliche, D. V., and Connors, V. S.: Satellite investigations of fire, smoke, and carbon monoxide during April 1994 MAPS mission: Case studies over tropical Asia, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 19327-19336, 1998. (Pubitemid 128700040)
17. Cofer III, W. R., Levine, J. S., Winstead, E. L., and Stocks, B. J.: Trace gas and particulate emissions from biomass burning in temperate ecosystems, Global Biomass Burning: Atmospheric, Climatic, and Biospheric Implications, edited by: Levine, J. S., MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., 203-208, 1991.
18. Conard, S. G., Sukhinin, A. I., Stocks, B. J., Cahoon, D. R., Davidenko, E. P., and Ivanova, G. A.: Determining effects of area burned and fire severity on carbon cycling and emissions in Siberia, Climate Change, 55, 197-211, 2002. (Pubitemid 35211844)
19. Crutzen, P. J. and Andreae, M. O.: Biomass burning in the tropics: Impact on atmospheric chemistry and biogeochemical cycles, Science, 250, 1669-1678, doi:10.1126/science.250.4988.1669, 1990. (Pubitemid 120031869)
20. Davies, D., Kumar, S., and Descloitres, J.: Global fire monitoring: Use of MODIS near-real-time satellite data, GIM International, 18, 41-43, 2004. (Pubitemid 38462067)
21. Dlugokencky, E. J., Walter, B. P., Masarie, K. A., Lang, P. M., and Kasischke, E. S.: Measurements of an anomalous global methane increase during 1998, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 499-502, 2001.
22. Eck, T. F., Holben, B. N., Ward, D. E., Mukelabai, M. M., Dubovik, O., Smirnov, A., Schafer, J. S., Hsu, N. C., Piketh, S. J., Queface, A., Le Roux, J., Swap, R. J., and Slutsker, I.: Variability of biomass burning aerosol optical characteristics in southern Africa during the SAFARI 2000 dry season campaign and a comparison of single scattering albedo estimates from radiometric measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8477, doi:10.1029/2002JD002321, 2003.
23. Eckhardt, S., Stohl, A., Beirle, S., Spichtinger, N., James, P., Forster, C., Junker, C., Wagner, T., Platt, U., and Jennings, S. G.: The North Atlantic Oscillation controls air pollution transport to the Arctic, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 1769-1778, doi:10.5194/acp-3-1769-2003, 2003.
24. Edwards, D. P., Emmons, L. K., Hauglustaine, D. A., Chu, D. A., Gille, J. C., Kaufman, Y. J., Petron, G., Yurganov, L. N., Giglio, L., Deeter, M. N., Yudin, V., Ziskin, D. C., Warner, J., Lamarque, J. F., Francis, G. L., Ho, S. P., Mao, D., Chen, J., Grechko E. I., and Drummond, J. R.: Observations of carbon monoxide and aerosols from the Terra satellite: Northern Hemisphere variability, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D24202, doi:10.1029/2004JD004727, 2004. (Pubitemid 40335202)
25. Euskirchen, E. S., Mcguire, A. D., and Chapin, F. S.: Energy feedbacks of northern high-latitude ecosystems to the climate system due to reduced snow cover during 20th century warming, Glob. Chan. Biol., 13, 2425-2438, 2007. (Pubitemid 47593550)
26. Fisher, J. A., Jacob, D. J., Purdy, M. T., Kopacz, M., Le Sager, P., Carouge, C., Holmes, C. D., Yantosca, R. M., Batchelor, R. L., Strong, K., Diskin, G. S., Fuelberg, H. E., Holloway, J. S., Hyer, E. J., McMillan, W. W., Warner, J., Streets, D. G., Zhang, Q., Wang, Y., and Wu, S.: Source attribution and interannual variability of Arctic pollution in spring constrained by aircraft (ARCTAS, ARCPAC) and satellite (AIRS) observations of carbon monoxide, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 977-996, doi:10.5194/acp-10-977-2010, 2010.
27. Fishman, J., Watson, C. E., Larsen, J. C., and Logan, J. A.: Distribution of tropospheric ozone determined from satellite data, J. Geosphy. Res., 95, 3599-3617, 1990.
28. Forster, C., Wandinger, U., Wotawa, G., James, P., Mattis, I., Althausen, D., Simmonds, P., O'Doherty, S., Jennings, S. G., Kleefeld, C., Schneider, J., Trickl, T., Kreipl, S., Jager, H., and Stohl, A.: Transport of boreal forest fire emissions from Canada to Europe, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 22887-22906, doi:10.1029/2001JD900115, 2001.
29. Fromm, M., Alfred, J., Hoppel, K., Hornstein, J., Bevilacqua, R., Shettle, E., Servranckx, R., Li, Z. Q., and Stocks, B.: Observations of boreal forest fire smoke in the stratosphere by POAM III, SAGE II, and lidar in 1998, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 1407-1410, 2000. (Pubitemid 32040591)
30. Goloub, P. and Arino, O.: Verification of the consistency of Polder Aerosol Index over land with ATSR-2/ERS-2 fire product, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 899-902, 2000.
31. Haines, D. A.: A lower atmosphere severity index for wildland fires, Natl. Weather Dig., 13, 23-27, 1988.
32. Hao, W. M. and Ward, D. E.: Methane production from global biomass burning, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 20657-20661, 1993.
33. Haywood, J. and Boucher, O.: Estimates of the direct and indirect radiative forcing due to tropospheric aerosols: A review, Rev. Geophys., 38, 513-543, 2000. (Pubitemid 32012282)
34. Heald, C. L., Daniel, J. J., Arlene, M. F., Louisa, K. E., John, C. G., Merritt, N. D., Juying, W., David, P. E., James, H. C., Amy, J. H., Glen, W. S., Edward, V. B., Melody, A. A., Stephanie, A. V., David, J. W., Donald, R. B., Hanwant, B. S., Scott, T. S., Robert, W. T., and Fuelberg, H. E.: Asian outflow and transPacific transport of carbon monoxide and ozone pollution: An integrated satellite, aircraft, and model perspective, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4804, doi:10.1029/2003JD003507, 2003.
35. Ho, S., Edwards, D. P., Gille, J. C., Luo, M., Osterman, G. B., Kulawik, S. S., and Worden, H.: A global comparison of carbon monoxide profiles and column amounts from Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) and Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT), J. Geophys. Res., 114, D21307, doi:10.1029/2009JD012242, 2009.
36. Jacob, D. J., Crawford, J. H., Kleb, M. M., Connors, V. S., Bendura, R. J., Raper, J. L., Sachse, G. W., Gille, J. C., Emmons, L., and Heald, C. L.: Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) aircraft mission: Design, execution, and first results, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 9000, doi:10.1029/2002JD003276, 2003. (Pubitemid 350187705)
37. Jacob, D. J., Crawford, J. H., Maring, H., Clarke, A. D., Dibb, J. E., Emmons, L. K., Ferrare, R. A., Hostetler, C. A., Russell, P. B., Singh, H. B., Thompson, A. M., Shaw, G. E., McCauley, E., Pederson, J. R., and Fisher, J. A.: The Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) mission: design, execution, and first results, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 5191-5212, doi:10.5194/acp-10-5191-2010, 2010.
38. Jaffe, D., Mahula, A., Kelley, J., Atkins, J., Novelli, P. C., and Merrill, J.: Impact of Asian emissions on the remote North Pacific atmosphere: Interpretation of CO data from Shemya, Guam, Midway and Mauna Loa, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 28627-28635, 1997.
39. Jaffe, D., Bertschi, I., Jaegle, L., Novelli, P., Reid, J. S., Tanimoto, H., Vingarzan, R., and Westphal, D. L.: Long-range transport of Siberian biomass burning emissions and impact on surface ozone in western North America, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L16106, doi:10.1029/2004GL020093, 2004. (Pubitemid 39428455)
40. 3 and CO as observed by the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer in November 2004 - Part 1: Inverse modeling of CO emissions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 3547-3562, doi:10.5194/acp-9-3547-2009, 2009.
41. x emissions over the USA constrained by TES ozone observations and the GEOS-Chem model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 107-119, doi:10.5194/acp-10-107-2010, 2010.
42. Kajii, Y., Kato, S., Streets, D. G., Tsai, N. Y., Shvidenko, A., Nilsson, S., McCallum, I., Minko, N. P., Abushenko, N., Altyntsev, D., and Khodzer, T. V.: Boreal forest fires in Siberia in 1998: Estimation of area burned and emissions of pollutants by advanced very high resolution radiometer satellite data, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4745, doi:10.1029/2001JD001078, 2002. (Pubitemid 44793959)
43. Kasischke, E. S. and Bruhwiler, L. P.: Emissions of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane from boreal forest fires in 1998, J. Geosphy. Res., 108, 8146, doi:10.1029/2001JD000461, 2003.
44. Kasischke, E. S., Hyer, E. J., Novelli, P. C., Bruhwiler, L. P., French, N. H. F., Sukhinin, A. I., Hewson, J. H., and Stocks, B. J.: Influence of boreal fire emissions on Northern Hemisphere atmospheric carbon and carbon monoxide, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 19, GB1012, doi:10.1029/2004GB002300, 2005. (Pubitemid 40801463)
45. Kato, S., Pochanart, P., Hirokawa, J., Kajii, Y., Akimoto, H., Ozaki, Y., Obi, K., Katsuno, T., Streets, D. G., and Minko, N. P.: The influence of Siberian forest fires on carbon monoxide concentrations at Happo, Japan, Atmos. Environ., 36, 385-390, 2002. (Pubitemid 34076410)
46. Kittaka, C., Pierce, R. B., Crawford, J. H., Hitchman, M. H., Johnson, D. R., Tripoli, G. J., Chin, M., Bandy, A. R., Weber, R. J., Talbot, R. W., and Anderson, B. E.: A three-dimensional regional modeling study of the impact of clouds on sulfate distributions during TRACE-P, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D15S11, doi:10.1029/2003JD004353, 2004. (Pubitemid 39408324)
47. Klonecki, A., Hess, P., Emmons, L., Smith, L., Orlando, J., and Blake, D.: Seasonal changes in the transport of pollutants into the Arctic troposphere-model study, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8367, doi:10.1029/2002JD002199, 2003.
48. Koch, D. and Hansen, J.: Distant origins of Arctic black carbon: A Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D04204, doi:10.1029/2004JD005296, 2005. (Pubitemid 40599447)
49. Lapina, K., Honrath, R. E., Owen, R. C., Val Martin, M., and Pfister, G.: Evidence of significant large-scale impacts of boreal fires on ozone levels in the midlatitude Northern Hemisphere free troposphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L10815, doi:10.1029/2006GL025878, 2006. (Pubitemid 44027589)
50. Liang, Q., Jaegle, L., Jaffe, D. A., Weiss-Penzias, P., Heckman, A., and Snow, J. A.: Long-range transport of Asian pollution to the northeast Pacific: Seasonal variations and transport pathways of carbon monoxide, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D23S07, doi:10.1029/2003JD004402, 2004. (Pubitemid 40318579)
51. Liu, H., Jacob, D. J., Bey, I., Yantosca, R. M., Duncan, B. N., and Sachse, G. W.: Transport pathways for Asian pollution outflow over the Pacific: Interannual and seasonal variations, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8786, doi:10.1029/2002JD003102, 2003. (Pubitemid 350187710)
52. Liu, J. J., Jones, D. B. A., Worden, J. R., Noone, D., Parrington, M., and Kar, J.: Analysis of the summertime buildup of tropospheric ozone abundances over the Middle East and North Africa as observed by the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer instrument, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D05304, doi:10.1029/ 2008JD010993, 2009.
53. Logan, J. A., Prather, M. J., Wofsy, S. C., and McElroy, M. B.: Tropospheric Chemistry: A Global Perspective, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 7210-7254, 1981.
54. Lopez, J. P., Luo, M., Christensen, L. E., Loewenstein, M., Jost, H., Webster, C. R., and Osterman, G.: TES carbon monoxide validation during two AVE campaigns using the Argus and ALIAS instruments on NASA's WB-57F, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D16S47, doi:10.1029/2007JD008811, 2008.
55. Luo, M., Rinsland, C., Fisher, B., Sachse, G., Diskin, G., Logan, J., Worden, H., Kulawik, S., Osterman, G., Eldering, A., Herman, R., and Shephard, M.: TES carbon monoxide validation with DACOM aircraft measurements during INTEX-B 2006, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24S48, doi:10.1029/2007JD008803, 2007.
56. Massie, S. T., Torres, O., and Smith, S. J.: Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) observations of increases in Asian aerosol in winter from 1979 to 2000, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 109, D18211, doi:10.1029/2004JD004620, 2004. (Pubitemid 39621652)
57. Mauzerall, D. L., Jacob, D. J., Fan, S. M., Bradshaw, J. D., Gregory, G. L., Sachse, G. W., and Blake, D. R.: Origin of tropospheric ozone at remote high northern latitudes in summer, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 4175-4188, doi:10.1029/95JD03224, 1996. (Pubitemid 26472542)
58. Mauzerall, D. L., Logan, J. A., Jacob, D. J., Anderson, B. E., Blake, D. R., Bradshaw, J. D., Heikes, B., Sachse, G. W., Singh, H., and Talbot, B.: Photochemistry in biomass burning plumes and implications for tropospheric ozone over the tropical South Atlantic, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 103, 8401-8423, 1998. (Pubitemid 28388676)
59. Maynard, R. L. and Waller, R.: Carbon monoxide, Air Pollution and health, edited by: Holgate, S. T., Samet, J. M., Koren, H. S., and Maynard, R. L., Academic, San Diego, Calif., 749-796, 1999.
60. Morris, G. A., Hersey, S., Thompson, A. M., Pawson, S., Nielsen, J. E., Colarco, P. R., McMillan, W. W., Stohl, A., Turquety, S., Warner, J., Johnson, B. J., Kucsera, T. L., Larko, D. E., Oltmans, S. J., and Witte, J. C.: Alaskan and Canadian forest fires exacerbate ozone pollution over Houston, Texas, on 19 and 20 July 2004, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D24S03, doi:10.1029/2006JD007090, 2006. (Pubitemid 47260806)
61. Myhre, G., Berntsen, T. K., Haywood, J. M., Sundet, J. K., Holben, B. N., Johnsrud, M., and Stordal, F.: Modeling the solar radiative impact of aerosols from biomass burning during the Southern African Regional Science Initiative (SAFARI-2000) experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8501, doi:10.1029/2002JD002313, 2003.
62. Nassar, R., Logan, J. A., Worden, H., Megretskaia, I. A., Bowman, K. W., Osterman, G., Thompson, A. M., Tarasick, D. W., Austin, S., Claude, H., Dubey, M. K., Hocking, W. K., Johnson, B. J., Joseph, E., Merrill, J., Morris, G. A., Newchurch, M., Oltmans, S. J., Posny, F., Schmidlin, F. J., Vomel, H., Whiteman, D. N., and Witte, J. C.: Validation of Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) nadir ozone profiles using ozonesonde measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15S17, doi:10.1029/2007JD008819, 2008.
63. Nedelec, P., Thouret, V., Brioude, J., Sauvage, B., Cammas, J.-P., and Stohl, A.: Extreme CO concentrations in the upper troposphere over northeast Asia in June 2003 from the in situ MOZAIC aircraft data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L14807, doi:10.1029/2005GL023141, 2005. (Pubitemid 41372628)
64. Nguyen, B. C., Mihalopoulos, N., and Putaud, J.-P.: Rice straw burning in Southeast Asia as a source of CO and COS to the atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 16435-16439, 1994.
65. Novelli, P. C., Masarie, K. A., and Lang, P. M.: Distributions and recent changes of carbon monoxide in the lower troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 19015-19033, 1998. (Pubitemid 128700018)
66. Novelli, P. C., Masarie, K. A., Lang, P. M., Hall, B. D., Myers, R. C., and Elkins, J. W.: Reanalysis of tropospheric CO trends: Effects of the 1997-1998 wildfires, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4464, doi:10.1029/2002JD003031, 2003.
67. Osterman, G.: Tropospheric emission spectrometer (TES) validation report, JPL D33192, version 3.0, Jet Propul. Lab., Pasadena, Calif., available at: http://tes.jpl.nasa.gov/documents/, 2007.
68. Pfister, G., Hess, P. G., Emmons, L. K., Lamarque, J.-F., Wiedinmyer, C., Edwards, D. P., Petron, G., Gille, J. C., and Sachse, G. W.: Quantifying CO emissions from the 2004 Alaskan wildfires using MOPITT CO data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L11809, doi:10.1029/2005GL022995, 2005. (Pubitemid 41174848)
69. Pierce, R. B., Al-Saadi, J. A., Schaack, T., Lenzen, A., Zapotocny, T., Johnson, D., Kittaka, C., Buker, M., Hitchman, M. H., Tripoli, G., Fairlie, T. D., Olson, J. R., Natarajan, M., Crawford, J., Fishman, J., Avery, M., Browell, E. V., Creilson, J., Kondo, Y., and Sandholm, S. T.: Regional Air Quality Modeling System (RAQMS) predictions of the tropospheric ozone budget over east Asia, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8825, doi:10.1029/2002JD003176, 2003.
70. Pierce, R. B., Schaack, T., Al-Saadi, J. A., Fairlie, T. D., Kittaka, C., Lingenfelser, G., Natarajan, M., Olson, J., Soja, A., Zapotocny, T., Lenzen, A., Stobie, J., Johnson, D., Avery, M. A., Sachse, G. W., Thompson, A., Cohen, R., Dibb, J. E., Crawford, J., Rault, D., Martin, R., Szykman, J., and Fishman, J.: Chemical data assimilation estimates of continental U.S. ozone and nitrogen budgets during the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment-North America, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D12S21, doi:10.1029/2006JD007722, 2007. (Pubitemid 47241675)
71. Pierce, R. B., Al-Saadi, J., Kittaka, C., Schaack, T., Lenzen, A., Bowman, K., Szykman, J., Soja, A., Ryerson, T., Thompson, A. M., Bhartia, P., and Morris, G. A.: Impacts of background ozone production on Houston and Dallas, Texas, air quality during the Second Texas Air Quality Study field mission, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 114, D00F09, doi:10.1029/2008JD011337, 2009.
72. Pochanart, P., Akimoto, H., Kajii, Y., and Sukasem, P.: Carbon monoxide, regional-scale transport, and biomass burning in tropical continental Southeast Asia: Observations in rural Thailand, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4552, doi:10.1029/2002JD003360, 2003.
73. Quinn, P. K., Shaw, G., Andrews, E., Dutton, E. G., Ruoho-Airola, T., and Gong, S. L.: Arctic haze: current trends and knowledge gaps, Tellus B, 59, 99-114, doi:10.1111/j.1600-0889.2006.00238.x, 2007. (Pubitemid 46152670)
74. Real, E., Law, K. S., Weinzierl, B., Fiebig, M., Petzold, A., Wild, O., Methven, J., Arnold, S., Stohl, A., Huntrieser, H., Roiger, A., Schlager, H., Stewart, D., Avery, M., Sachse, G., Browell, E., Ferrare, R., and Blake, D.: Processes influencing ozone levels in Alaskan forest fire plumes during long-range transport over the North Atlantic, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D10S41, doi:10.1029/2006JD007576, 2007 (Pubitemid 47193697)
75. Reichle, H. G., Connors, V. S., Holland, J. A., Hypes, W. D., Wallio, H. A., Casas, J. C., Gormsen, B. B., and Saylor, M. S.: Middle and upper tropospheric carbon-monoxide mixing ratios as measured by satellite-borne remote sensor during November 1981, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 865-887, 1986.
76. Reid, J. S., Koppmann, R., Eck, T. F., and Eleuterio, D. P.: A review of biomass burning emissions part II: intensive physical properties of biomass burning particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 799-825, doi:10.5194/acp-5-799-2005, 2005. (Pubitemid 40479142)
77. Reid, J. S., Eck, T. F., Christopher, S. A., Koppmann, R., Dubovik, O., Eleuterio, D. P., Holben, B. N., Reid, E. A., and Zhang, J.: A review of biomass burning emissions part III: intensive optical properties of biomass burning particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 827-849, doi:10.5194/acp-5-827-2005, 2005. (Pubitemid 40479143)
78. Remer, L. A., Kaufman, Y. J., Tanre', D., Mattoo, S., Chu, D. A., Martins, J. V., Li, R.-R., Ichoku, C., Levy, R. C., Kleidman, R. G., Eck, T. F., and Vermote, E.: The MODIS aerosol algorithm, products and validation, J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 947-973, doi:10.1175/JAS3385.1, 2005. (Pubitemid 40659709)
79. Richards, N. A. D., Li, Q. B., Osterman, G. B., Browell, E. V., Avery, M., and Bowman, K. W.: Validation of Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) measurements of the total, stratospheric, and tropospheric column abundance of ozone, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15S16, doi:10.1029/2007JD008801, 2008.
80. Roths, J. and Harris, G. W.: The tropospheric distribution of carbon monoxide as observed during the Tropoz II Experiment, J. Atmos. Chem., 24, 157-188, 1996.
81. Seiler, W. and Crutzen, P. J.: Estimates of gross and net fluxes of carbon between the biosphere and the atmosphere from biomass burning, Climate Change, 2, 207-247, 1980. (Pubitemid 11269057)
82. Shaw, G. E.: The arctic haze phenomenon, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 76, 2403-2413, 1995. (Pubitemid 26468230)
83. Shindell, D. T., Chin, M., Dentener, F., Doherty, R. M., Faluvegi, G., Fiore, A. M., Hess, P., Koch, D. M., MacKenzie, I. A., Sanderson, M. G., Schultz, M. G., Schulz, M., Stevenson, D. S., Teich, H., Textor, C., Wild, O., Bergmann, D. J., Bey, I., Bian, H., Cuvelier, C., Duncan, B. N., Folberth, G., Horowitz, L. W., Jonson, J., Kaminski, J. W., Marmer, E., Park, R., Pringle, K. J., Schroeder, S., Szopa, S., Takemura, T., Zeng, G., Keating, T. J., and Zuber, A.: A multi-model assessment of pollution transport to the Arctic, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 5353-5372, doi:10.5194/acp-8-5353-2008, 2008.
84. Simmonds, P. G., Manning, A. J., Derwent, R. G., Ciais, P., Ramonet, M., Kazan, V., and Ryall, D.: A burning question: Can recent growth rate anomalies in the greenhouse gases be attributed to large-scale biomass burning events?, Atmos. Environ., 39, 2513-2517, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.02.018, 2005. (Pubitemid 40602552)
85. Singh, H. B. and Hanst, P. L.: Peroxyacetyl Nitrate (PAN) in the unpolluted atmosphere - an important reservoir for Nitrogen-Oxides, Geophys. Res. Lett., 8, 941-944, 1981.
86. Soja, A. J., Cofer, W. R., Shugart, H. H., Sukhinin, A. I., Stackhouse, P. W., McRae, D. J., and Conard, S. G.: Estimating fire emissions and disparities in boreal Siberia (1998-2002), J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 109, D14S06, doi:10.1029/2004JD004570, 2004. (Pubitemid 39364483)
87. Soja, A. J., Tchebakova, N. M., French, N. H. F., Flannigan, M. D., Shugart, H. H., Stocks, B. J., Sukhinin, A. I., Parfenova, E. I., Chapin, F. S., and Stackhouse, P. W.: Climate-induced boreal forest change: Predictions versus current observations, Glob. Planet. Change, 56, 274-296, 2007. (Pubitemid 46621098)
88. Staudt, A. C., Jacob, D. J., Logan, J. A., Bachiochi, D., Krishnamurti, T. N., and Sachse, G. W.: Continental sources, transoceanic transport, and interhemispheric exchange of carbon monoxide over the Pacific, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 32571-32590, 2001.
89. Stohl, A.: Characteristics of atmospheric transport into the Arctic troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D11306, doi:10.1029/2005JD006888, 2006. (Pubitemid 44137685)
90. Tanimoto, H., Kajii, Y., Hirokawa, J., Akimoto, H., and Minko, N. P.: The atmospheric impact of boreal forest fires in far eastern Siberia on the seasonal variation of carbon monoxide: Observations at Rishiri, a northern remote island in Japan, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 4073-4076, 2000. (Pubitemid 32285883)
91. Thompson, A. M., Hogan, K. B., and Hoffman, J. S.: Methane reductions - Implications for global warming and atmospheric chemical-change, Atmos. Environ., 26, 2665-2668, 1992. (Pubitemid 23374471)
92. Turquety, S., Clerbaux, C., Law, K., Coheur, P.-F., Cozic, A., Szopa, S., Hauglustaine, D. A., Hadji-Lazaro, J., Gloudemans, A. M. S., Schrijver, H., Boone, C. D., Bernath, P. F., and Edwards, D. P.: CO emission and export from Asia: an analysis combining complementary satellite measurements (MOPITT, SCIA-MACHY and ACE-FTS) with global modeling, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 5187-5204, doi:10.5194/acp-8-5187-2008, 2008.
93. Val Martin, M., Honrath, R., Owen, R. C., Pfister, G., Fialho, P., and Barata, F.: Significant enhancements of nitrogen oxides, ozone and aerosol black carbon in the North Atlantic lower free troposphere resulting from North American boreal wildfires, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D23S60, doi:10.1029/ 2006JD007530, 2006. (Pubitemid 47260853)
94. van der Werf, G. R., Randerson, J. T., Giglio, L., Collatz, G. J., Kasibhatla, P. S., and Arellano Jr., A. F.: Interannual variability in global biomass burning emissions from 1997 to 2004, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 3423-3441, doi:10.5194/acp-6-3423-2006, 2006. (Pubitemid 44272961)
95. Verma, S., Worden, J. R., Pierce, R. B., Jones D. B. A., Al-Saadi, J., Boersma, F., Bowman, K., Eldering, A., Fisher, B., Jourdain, L., Kulawik, S., and Worden, H.: Ozone production in boreal fire smoke plumes using observations from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D02303, doi:10.1029/2008JD010108, 2009.
96. Warneke, C., Bahreini, R., Brioude, J., Brock, C. A., de Gouw, J. A., Fahey, D. W., Froyd, K. D., Holloway, J. S., Middlebrook, A., Miller, L., Montzka, S., Murphy, D. M., Peischl, J., Ryerson, T. B., Schwarz, J. P., Spackman, J. R., and Veres, P.: Biomass burning in Siberia and Kazakhstan as an important source for haze over the Alaskan Arctic in April 2008, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L02813, doi:10.1029/2008gl036194, 2009.
97. Worden, J., Kulawik, S. S., Shephard, M. W., Clough, S. A., Worden, H., Bowman, K., and Goldman, A.: Predicted errors of tropospheric emission spectrometer nadir retrievals from spectral window selection, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D09308, doi:10.1029/2004JD004522, 2004.
98. Worden, H. M., Logan, J. A., Worden, J. R., Beer, R., Bowman, K., Clough, S. A., Eldering, A., Fisher, B. M., Gunson, M. R., Herman, R. L., Kulawik, S. S., Lampel, M. C., Luo, M., Megretskaia, I. A., Osterman, G. B., and Shephard, M. W.: Comparisons of Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) ozone profiles to ozonesondes: Methods and initial results, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D03309, doi:10.1029/2006JD007258, 2007. (Pubitemid 47248884)
99. Worden, John, Dylan B. A. Jones, Jane Liu, Mark Parrington, Kevin Bowman, Ivanka Stajner, Reinhard Beer, Jonathan Jiang, Valérie Thouret, Susan Kulawik, Jui-Lin F. Li, Sunita Verma, Helen Worden, Observed vertical distribution of tropospheric ozone during the Asian summertime monsoon, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D13304, doi:10.1029/2008JD010560, 2009.
100. Wotawa, G. and Trainer, M.: The influence of Canadian forest fires on pollutant concentrations in the United States, Science, 288, 324-328, doi:10.1126/science.288.5464.324, 2000. (Pubitemid 30226191)
101. Yashiro, H., Sugawara, S., Sudo, K., Aoki, S., and Nakazawa, T.: Temporal and spatial variations of carbon monoxide over the western part of the Pacific Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D08305, doi:10.1029/2008jd010876, 2009.
102. Yurganov, L. N., Jaffe, D. A., Pullman, E., and Novelli, P. C.: Total column and surface densities of atmospheric carbon monoxide in Alaska, 1995, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 19337-19345, 1998. (Pubitemid 128700041)
103. Zhang, L., Jacob, D. J., Bowman, K. W., Logan, J. A., Turquety, S., Hudman, R. C., Li, Q., Beer, R., Worden, H. M., Worden, J. R., Rinsland, C. P., Kulawik, S. S., Lampel, M. C., Shephard, M. W., Fisher, B. M., Eldering, A., and Avery, M. A.: Continental outflow of ozone pollution as determined by O3-CO correlations from the TES satellite instrument, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L18804, doi:10.1029/2006GL026399, 2006. (Pubitemid 351147935)
104. Zhao, T. X. P., Stowe, L. L., Smirnov, A., Crosby, D., Sapper, J., and McClain, C. R.: Development of a global validation package for satellite oceanic aerosol optical thickness retrieval based on AERONET observations and its application to NOAA/NESDIS operational aerosol retrievals, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 294-312, 2002. (Pubitemid 34838311)