Risk for gastric neoplasias in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis: A critical reappraisal

World Journal of Gastroenterology

Volumn 18, Issue 12, 2012, Pages 1279-1285

  Vannella, Lucy ^a   Lahner, Edith ^a   Annibale, Bruno ^a  

^a SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

Author keywords

Chronic atrophic gastritis; Gastric neoplasia; Incidence; Intestinal type gastric cancer; Prevalence; Risk factors; Type I gastric carcinoid

Indexed keywords

ATROPHIC GASTRITIS; CANCER GROWTH; CANCER RISK; CHRONIC ATROPHIC GASTRITIS; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA; HELICOBACTER INFECTION; HELICOBACTER PYLORI; HUMAN; INTESTINE METAPLASIA; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MORBIDITY; NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOR; PERNICIOUS ANEMIA; PREVALENCE; REVIEW; STOMACH CANCER; STOMACH TUMOR;

EID: 84859127864     PISSN: 10079327     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i12.1279     Document Type: Review

References (72)

1. Rugge M, Correa P, Dixon MF, Fiocca R, Hattori T, Lechago J, Leandro G, Price AB, Sipponen P, Solcia E, Watanabe H, Genta RM. Gastric mucosal atrophy: interobserver consistency using new criteria for classification and grading. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002; 16: 1249-1259
2. Correa P. Human gastric carcinogenesis: a multistep and multifactorial process--First American Cancer Society Award Lecture on Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention. Cancer Res 1992; 52: 6735-6740
3. Dockray GJ, Varro A, Dimaline R, Wang T. The gastrins: their production and biological activities. Annu Rev Physiol 2001; 63: 119-139
4. Creutzfeldt W. The achlorhydria-carcinoid sequence: role of gastrin. Digestion 1988; 39: 61-79
5. Bordi C, D'Adda T, Azzoni C, Pilato FP, Caruana P. Hypergastrinemia and gastric enterochromaffin-like cells. Am J Surg Pathol 1995; 19 Suppl 1: S8-19
6. Adamu MA, Weck MN, Gao L, Brenner H. Incidence of chronic atrophic gastritis: systematic review and meta-analysis of follow-up studies. Eur J Epidemiol 2010; 25: 439-448
7. Kuipers EJ, Lundell L, Klinkenberg-Knol EC, Havu N, Festen HP, Liedman B, Lamers CB, Jansen JB, Dalenback J, Snel P, Nelis GF, Meuwissen SG. Atrophic gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with reflux esophagitis treated with omeprazole or fundoplication. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 1018-1022
8. Tepes B, Kavcic B, Zaletel LK, Gubina M, Ihan A, Poljak M, Krizman I. Two- to four-year histological follow-up of gastric mucosa after Helicobacter pylori eradication. J Pathol 1999; 188: 24-29
9. Jönsson KA, Ström M, Bodemar G, Norrby K. Histologic changes in the gastroduodenal mucosa after long-term medical treatment with cimetidine or parietal cell vagotomy in patients with juxtapyloric ulcer disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 1988; 23: 433-441
10. Ozasa K, Kurata JH, Higashi A, Hayashi K, Inokuchi H, Miki K, Tada M, Kawai K, Watanabe Y. Helicobacter pylori infection and atrophic gastritis: a nested case-control study in a rural town in Japan. Dig Dis Sci 1999; 44: 253-256
11. Carter M, Katz DL, Haque S, DeLuca VA. Does acid suppression by antacids and H2 receptor antagonists increase the incidence of atrophic gastritis in patients with or without H. pylori gastritis? J Clin Gastroenterol 1999; 29: 183-187
12. Klinkenberg-Knol EC, Nelis F, Dent J, Snel P, Mitchell B, Prichard P, Lloyd D, Havu N, Frame MH, Romàn J, Walan A. Long-term omeprazole treatment in resistant gastroesophageal reflux disease: efficacy, safety, and influence on gastric mucosa. Gastroenterology 2000; 118: 661-669
13. Lundell L, Havu N, Miettinen P, Myrvold HE, Wallin L, Julkunen R, Levander K, Hatlebakk JG, Liedman B, Lamm M, Malm A, Walan A. Changes of gastric mucosal architecture during long-term omeprazole therapy: results of a randomized clinical trial. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2006; 23: 639-647
14. Sipponen P, Laxén F, Huotari K, Härkönen M. Prevalence of low vitamin B12 and high homocysteine in serum in an elderly male population: association with atrophic gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection. Scand J Gastroenterol 2003; 38: 1209-1216
15. Green TJ, Venn BJ, Skeaff CM, Williams SM. Serum vitamin B12 concentrations and atrophic gastritis in older New Zealanders. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005; 59: 205-210
16. Weck MN, Stegmaier C, Rothenbacher D, Brenner H. Epidemiology of chronic atrophic gastritis: population-based study among 9444 older adults from Germany. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007; 26: 879-887
17. Telaranta-Keerie A, Kara R, Paloheimo L, Härkönen M, Sipponen P. Prevalence of undiagnosed advanced atrophic corpus gastritis in Finland: an observational study among 4,256 volunteers without specific complaints. Scand J Gastroenterol 2010; 45: 1036-1041
18. Oksanen A, Sipponen P, Miettinen A, Sarna S, Rautelin H. Evaluation of blood tests to predict normal gastric mucosa. Scand J Gastroenterol 2000; 35: 791-795
19. Borch K, Jönsson KA, Petersson F, Redéen S, Mårdh S, Franzén LE. Prevalence of gastroduodenitis and Helicobacter pylori infection in a general population sample: relations to symptomatology and life-style. Dig Dis Sci 2000; 45: 1322-1329
20. Asaka M, Sugiyama T, Nobuta A, Kato M, Takeda H, Graham DY. Atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia in Japan: results of a large multicenter study. Helicobacter 2001; 6: 294-299
21. Redéen S, Petersson F, Jönsson KA, Borch K. Relationship of gastroscopic features to histological findings in gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection in a general population sample. Endoscopy 2003; 35: 946-950
22. Storskrubb T, Aro P, Ronkainen J, Sipponen P, Nyhlin H, Talley NJ, Engstrand L, Stolte M, Vieth M, Walker M, Agréus L. Serum biomarkers provide an accurate method for diagnosis of atrophic gastritis in a general population: The Kalixanda study. Scand J Gastroenterol 2008; 43: 1448-1455
23. Zou D, He J, Ma X, Liu W, Chen J, Shi X, Ye P, Gong Y, Zhao Y, Wang R, Yan X, Man X, Gao L, Dent J, Sung J, Wernersson B, Johansson S, Li Z. Helicobacter pylori infection and gastritis: the Systematic Investigation of gastrointestinaL diseases in China (SILC). J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011; 26: 908-915
24. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer 2010; 127: 2893-2917
25. Walker IR, Strickland RG, Ungar B, Mackay IR. Simple atrophic gastritis and gastric carcinoma. Gut 1971; 12: 906-911
26. Ectors N, Dixon MF. The prognostic value of sulphomucin positive intestinal metaplasia in the development of gastric cancer. Histopathology 1986; 10: 1271-1277
27. Tatsuta M, Iishi H, Nakaizumi A, Okuda S, Taniguchi H, Hiyama T, Tsukuma H, Oshima A. Fundal atrophic gastritis as a risk factor for gastric cancer. Int J Cancer 1993; 53: 70-74
28. You WC, Li JY, Blot WJ, Chang YS, Jin ML, Gail MH, Zhang L, Liu WD, Ma JL, Hu YR, Mark SD, Correa P, Fraumeni JF, Xu GW. Evolution of precancerous lesions in a rural Chinese population at high risk of gastric cancer. Int J Cancer 1999; 83: 615-619
29. Whiting JL, Sigurdsson A, Rowlands DC, Hallissey MT, Fielding JW. The long term results of endoscopic surveillance of premalignant gastric lesions. Gut 2002; 50: 378-381
30. Dinis-Ribeiro M, Lopes C, da Costa-Pereira A, Guilherme M, Barbosa J, Lomba-Viana H, Silva R, Moreira-Dias L. A follow up model for patients with atrophic chronic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. J Clin Pathol 2004; 57: 177-182
31. Lahner E, Bordi C, Cattaruzza MS, Iannoni C, Milione M, Delle Fave G, Annibale B. Long-term follow-up in atrophic body gastritis patients: atrophy and intestinal metaplasia are persistent lesions irrespective of Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 22: 471-481
32. de Vries AC, van Grieken NC, Looman CW, Casparie MK, de Vries E, Meijer GA, Kuipers EJ. Gastric cancer risk in patients with premalignant gastric lesions: a nationwide cohort study in the Netherlands. Gastroenterology 2008; 134: 945-952
33. Vannella L, Lahner E, Osborn J, Bordi C, Miglione M, Delle Fave G, Annibale B. Risk factors for progression to gastric neoplastic lesions in patients with atrophic gastritis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 31: 1042-1050
34. Borch K. Epidemiologic, clinicopathologic, and economic aspects of gastroscopic screening of patients with pernicious anemia. Scand J Gastroenterol 1986; 21: 21-30
35. Kokkola A, Sjöblom SM, Haapiainen R, Sipponen P, Puolakkainen P, Järvinen H. The risk of gastric carcinoma and carcinoid tumours in patients with pernicious anaemia. A prospective follow-up study. Scand J Gastroenterol 1998; 33: 88-92
36. Sjöblom SM, Sipponen P, Järvinen H. Gastroscopic follow up of pernicious anaemia patients. Gut 1993; 34: 28-32
37. Armbrecht U, Stockbrügger RW, Rode J, Menon GG, Cotton PB. Development of gastric dysplasia in pernicious anaemia: a clinical and endoscopic follow up study of 80 patients. Gut 1990; 31: 1105-1109
38. Bresky G, Mata A, Llach J, Ginis MA, Pellisi M, Soria MT, Fernandez-Esparrach G, Mondelo F, Bordas JM. Endoscopic findings in a biennial follow-up program in patients with pernicious anemia. Hepatogastroenterology 2003; 50: 2264-2266
39. Ye W, Nyrén O. Risk of cancers of the oesophagus and stomach by histology or subsite in patients hospitalised for pernicious anaemia. Gut 2003; 52: 938-941
40. Leung WK, Lin SR, Ching JY, To KF, Ng EK, Chan FK, Lau JY, Sung JJ. Factors predicting progression of gastric intestinal metaplasia: results of a randomised trial on Helicobacter pylori eradication. Gut 2004; 53: 1244-1249
41. Miehlke S, Hackelsberger A, Meining A, Hatz R, Lehn N, Malfertheiner P, Stolte M, Bayerdörffer E. Severe expression of corpus gastritis is characteristic in gastric cancer patients infected with Helicobacter pylori. Br J Cancer 1998; 78: 263-266
42. Cassaro M, Rugge M, Gutierrez O, Leandro G, Graham DY, Genta RM. Topographic patterns of intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer. Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95: 1431-1438
43. Rokkas T, Filipe MI, Sladen GE. Detection of an increased incidence of early gastric cancer in patients with intestinal metaplasia type III who are closely followed up. Gut 1991; 32: 1110-1113
44. Silva S, Filipe MI, Pinho A. Variants of intestinal metaplasia in the evolution of chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcer. A follow up study. Gut 1990; 31: 1097-1104
45. Conchillo JM, Houben G, de Bruïne A, Stockbrügger R. Is type III intestinal metaplasia an obligatory precancerous lesion in intestinal-type gastric carcinoma? Eur J Cancer Prev 2001; 10: 307-312
46. Ramesar KC, Sanders DS, Hopwood D. Limited value of type III intestinal metaplasia in predicting risk of gastric carcinoma. J Clin Pathol 1987; 40: 1287-1290
47. Wong BC, Lam SK, Wong WM, Chen JS, Zheng TT, Feng RE, Lai KC, Hu WH, Yuen ST, Leung SY, Fong DY, Ho J, Ching CK, Chen JS. Helicobacter pylori eradication to prevent gastric cancer in a high-risk region of China: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004; 291: 187-194
48. Rokkas T, Pistiolas D, Sechopoulos P, Robotis I, Margantinis G. The long-term impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on gastric histology: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Helicobacter 2007; 12 Suppl 2: 32-38
49. Wang J, Xu L, Shi R, Huang X, Li SW, Huang Z, Zhang G. Gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia before and after Helicobacter pylori eradication: a meta-analysis. Digestion 2011; 83: 253-260
50. Burkitt MD, Pritchard DM. Review article: Pathogenesis and management of gastric carcinoid tumours. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2006; 24: 1305-1320
51. Rindi G, Bordi C, Rappel S, La Rosa S, Stolte M, Solcia E. Gastric carcinoids and neuroendocrine carcinomas: pathogenesis, pathology, and behavior. World J Surg 1996; 20: 168-172
52. Rindi G, Luinetti O, Cornaggia M, Capella C, Solcia E. Three subtypes of gastric argyrophil carcinoid and the gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma: a clinicopathologic study. Gastroenterology 1993; 104: 994-1006
53. Mulkeen A, Cha C. Gastric carcinoid. Curr Opin Oncol 2005; 17: 1-6
54. Bordi C, D'Adda T, Azzoni C, Ferraro G. Pathogenesis of ECL cell tumors in humans. Yale J Biol Med 1998; 71: 273-284
55. Lehtola J, Karttunen T, Krekelä I, Niemelä S, Räsänen O. Gastric carcinoids with minimal or no macroscopic lesion in patients with pernicious anemia. Hepatogastroenterology 1985; 32: 72-76
56. Annibale B, Azzoni C, Corleto VD, di Giulio E, Caruana P, D'Ambra G, Bordi C, Delle Fave G. Atrophic body gastritis patients with enterochromaffin-like cell dysplasia are at increased risk for the development of type I gastric carcinoid. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 13: 1449-1456
57. Stockbrügger RW, Menon GG, Beilby JO, Mason RR, Cotton PB. Gastroscopic screening in 80 patients with pernicious anaemia. Gut 1983; 24: 1141-1147
58. Borch K, Renvall H, Kullman E, Wilander E. Gastric carcinoid associated with the syndrome of hypergastrinemic atrophic gastritis. A prospective analysis of 11 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 1987; 11: 435-444
59. Marignani M, Delle Fave G, Mecarocci S, Bordi C, Angeletti S, D'Ambra G, Aprile MR, Corleto VD, Monarca B, Annibale B. High prevalence of atrophic body gastritis in patients with unexplained microcytic and macrocytic anemia: a prospective screening study. Am J Gastroenterol 1999; 94: 766-772
60. Vannella L, Sbrozzi-Vanni A, Lahner E, Bordi C, Pilozzi E, Corleto VD, Osborn JF, Delle Fave G, Annibale B. Development of type I gastric carcinoid in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 33: 1361-1369
61. Sjöblom SM, Sipponen P, Miettinen M, Karonen SL, Jrvinen HJ. Gastroscopic screening for gastric carcinoids and carcinoma in pernicious anemia. Endoscopy 1988; 20: 52-56
62. Borch K, Stridsberg M, Burman P, Rehfeld JF. Basal chromogranin A and gastrin concentrations in circulation correlate to endocrine cell proliferation in type-A gastritis. Scand J Gastroenterol 1997; 32: 198-202
63. Peracchi M, Gebbia C, Basilisco G, Quatrini M, Tarantino C, Vescarelli C, Massironi S, Conte D. Plasma chromogranin A in patients with autoimmune chronic atrophic gastritis, enterochromaffin-like cell lesions and gastric carcinoids. Eur J Endocrinol 2005; 152: 443-448
64. Solcia E, Bordi C, Creutzfeldt W, Dayal Y, Dayan AD, Falkmer S, Grimelius L, Havu N. Histopathological classification of nonantral gastric endocrine growths in man. Digestion 1988; 41: 185-200
65. Carmack SW, Genta RM, Graham DY, Lauwers GY. Management of gastric polyps: a pathology-based guide for gastroenterologists. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009; 6: 331-341
66. Goddard AF, Badreldin R, Pritchard DM, Walker MM, Warren B. The management of gastric polyps. Gut 2010; 59: 1270-1276
67. Correa P, Piazuelo MB. The gastric precancerous cascade. J Dig Dis 2012; 13: 2-9
68. Dinis-Ribeiro M, Areia M, de Vries AC, Marcos-Pinto R, Monteiro-Soares M, O'Connor A, Pereira C, Pimentel-Nunes P, Correia R, Ensari A, Dumonceau JM, Machado JC, Macedo G, Malfertheiner P, Matysiak-Budnik T, Megraud F, Miki K, O'Morain C, Peek RM, Ponchon T, Ristimaki A, Rembacken B, Carneiro F, Kuipers EJ. Management of precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS): guideline from the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE), European Helicobacter Study Group (EHSG), European Society of Pathology (ESP), and the Sociedade Portuguesa de Endoscopia Digestiva (SPED). Endoscopy 2012; 44: 74-94
69. Rugge M, Meggio A, Pennelli G, Piscioli F, Giacomelli L, De Pretis G, Graham DY. Gastritis staging in clinical practice: the OLGA staging system. Gut 2007; 56: 631-636
70. Capelle LG, de Vries AC, Haringsma J, Ter Borg F, de Vries RA, Bruno MJ, van Dekken H, Meijer J, van Grieken NC, Kuipers EJ. The staging of gastritis with the OLGA system by using intestinal metaplasia as an accurate alternative for atrophic gastritis. Gastrointest Endosc 2010; 71: 1150-1158
71. Arnold R, Chen YJ, Costa F, Falconi M, Gross D, Grossman AB, Hyrdel R, Kos-Kudła B, Salazar R, Plöckinger U. ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the Standards of Care in Neuroendocrine Tumors: follow-up and documentation. Neuroendocrinology 2009; 90: 227-233
72. Borch K, Ahrén B, Ahlman H, Falkmer S, Granérus G, Grimelius L. Gastric carcinoids: biologic behavior and prognosis after differentiated treatment in relation to type. Ann Surg 2005; 242: 64-73