Evaluation of Levetiracetam as Adjunctive Treatment for Refractory Canine Epilepsy: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Volumn 26, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 341-348

  Munana K R ^a   Thomas, W B ^b   Inzana, K D ^c   Nettifee Osborne, J A ^a   McLucas, K J ^b   Olby, N J ^a   Mariani, C J ^a   Early, P J ^a  

^a NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE   (United States)

^c VIRGINIA MARYLAND REGIONAL COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Clinical pharmacology; CNS disorders; Dog; Epilepsy; Neurology; Seizures

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; DRUG DERIVATIVE; ETIRACETAM; PIRACETAM;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ARTICLE; BLOOD; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; DOG; DOG DISEASE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; EPILEPSY; FEMALE; MALE; MULTICENTER STUDY; NONPARAMETRIC TEST; QUALITY OF LIFE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SEIZURE;

ANIMALS; ANTICONVULSANTS; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; DOG DISEASES; DOGS; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; EPILEPSY; FEMALE; MALE; PIRACETAM; QUALITY OF LIFE; SEIZURES; STATISTICS, NONPARAMETRIC;

ANIMALIA; CANIS FAMILIARIS;

EID: 84858746170     PISSN: 08916640     EISSN: 19391676     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.00866.x     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Cunningham JG, Farnbach GC. Inheritance and idiopathic canine epilepsy. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1988;24:421-424.
2. Oliver JE. Seizure disorders in companion animals. Comp Cont Ed Pract Vet 1980;2:77-85.
3. Lane SB, Bunch SE. Medical management of recurrent seizures in dogs and cats. J Vet Intern Med 1990;4:26-39.
4. Isoherranen N, Yagen B, Soback S, et al. Pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam and its enantiomer (R)-α-ethyl-2-oxo-pyrrolidine acetamide in dogs. Epilepsia 2001;42:825-830.
5. Patterson EE, Goel V, Cloyd JC, et al. Intramuscular, intravenous and oral levetiracetam in dogs: Safety and pharmacokinetics. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2008;31:253-258.
6. Dewey CW, Bailey KS, Boothe DM, et al. Pharmacokinetics of single-dose intravenous levetiracetam administration in normal dogs. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 2008;18:153-157.
7. Moore SA, Muñana KR, Papich MG, Nettifee-Osborne J. Levetiracetam pharmacokinetics in healthy dogs following oral administration of single and multiple doses. Am J Vet Res 2010;71:337-341.
8. Volk HA, Matiasek LA, Luján Feliu-Pascual A, et al. The efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam in pharmacoresistant epileptic dogs. Vet J 2008;176:310-319.
9. Steinberg M, Faissler D. Levetiracetam therapy for longterm idiopathic epileptic dogs. ACVIM Abstracts. J Vet Intern Med 2004;18:410.
10. Muñana KR, Zhang D, Patterson EE. Placebo effect in canine epilepsy trials. J Vet Intern Med 2010;24:166-170.
11. Lord LK, Podell M. Owner perception of the care of long-term phenobarbital-treated epileptic dogs. J Small Anim Pract 1999;40:11-15.
12. Maguire MJ, Hemming K, Hutton JL, Marson AG. Overwhelming heterogeneity in systematic reviews of observational anti-epileptic studies. Epilepsy Res 2008;80:201-212.
13. ™ trial: Levetiracetam adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures in an open-label community-based study. Epilepsy Res 2003;54:153-161.
14. Burneo JG, Montori VM, Faught E. Magnitude of the placebo effect in randomized trials of antiepileptic agents. Epilepsy Behav 2002;3:532-534.
15. Cramer JA, Fisher R, Ben-Menachem E, et al. New antiepileptic drugs: Comparison of key clinical trials. Epilepsia 1999;40:590-600.
16. Guekht AB, Korczyn AD, Bondareva IB, Gusev EI. Placebo responses in randomized trials of antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsy Behav 2010;17:64-69.
17. Beyenburg S, Stavem K, Schmidt D. Placebo-corrected efficacy of modern antiepileptic drugs for refractory epilepsy: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsia 2010;51:7-26.
18. Zaccara G, Gangemi PF, Cincotta M. Central nervous system adverse effects of new antiepileptic drugs. A meta-analysis of placebo-controlled studies. Seizure 2008;17:405-421.
19. Betts T, Waegemans T, Crawford P. A multicentre, double-blind, randomized, parallel group study to evaluate the tolerability and efficacy of two oral doses of levetiracetam, 2000 mg daily and 4000 mg daily, without titration in patients with refractory epilepsy. Seizure 2000;9:80-87.
20. Shovron SD, Löwenthal A, Janz D, et al. Multicenter double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of levetiracetam as add-on therapy in patients with refractory partial seizures. European Levetiracetam Study Group. Epilepsia 2000;41:1179-1186.
21. French J, Edrich P, Cramer JA. A systematic review of the safety profile of levetiracetam; a new antiepileptic drug. Epilepsy Res 2001;47:77-90.
22. Gidal BE, Baltès E, Otoul C, Perucca E. Effect of levetiracetam on the pharmacokinetics of adjunctive antiepileptic drugs: A pooled analysis of data from randomized clinical trials. Epilepsy Res 2005;64:1-11.
23. Lancelin F, Franchon E, Kraoul L, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring of levetiracetam by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array ultraviolet detection: Preliminary observations on correlation between plasma concentration and clinical response in patients with refractory epilepsy. Ther Drug Monit 2007;29:576-583.
24. Leppik IE, Rarick JO, Walezak TS, et al. Effective levetiracetam doses and serum concentrations: Age effects. Epilepsia 2002;43(Suppl 7):240.
25. Folland C, Moriarty GL. Clinical experience of levetiracetam (LEV) in refractory adult epilepsy patients. Epilepsia 2002;43(Suppl 7):192.
26. Juenke JM, Brown PI, Urry FM. Analysis of levetiracetam and zonisamide in plasma and serum by HPLC. Clin Chem 2002;48(Suppl 6):44-45.
27. Contin M, Albani F, Riva R, Baruzzi A. Levetiracetam therapeutic monitoring in patients with epilepsy: Effect of concomitant antiepileptic drugs. Ther Drug Monit 2004;26:375-379.
28. Moore SA, Muñana KR, Papich MG, Nettifee-Osborne JA. The pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam in healthy dogs concurrently receiving phenobarbital. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2011;34:31-34.
29. Kwan P, Brodie MJ. Early identification of refractory epilepsy. N Engl J Med 2000;342:314-319.