Coaching efficacy and exploratory structural equation modeling: A substantive-methodological synergy

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology

Volumn 33, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 779-806

  Myers, Nicholas D ^a   Chase, Melissa A ^b   Pierce, Scott W ^b   Martin, Eric ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI   (United States)

^b MIAMI UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Categorical data; Factorial invariance; Geomin rotation; Simulation; Youth sport

Indexed keywords

EID: 84857936437     PISSN: 08952779     EISSN: 15432904     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1123/jsep.33.6.779     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Acosta, R.V., & Carpenter, L.J. (2006). Women in intercollegiate sport: A longitudinal study - twenty-nine year update, 1977 - 2006. Brooklyn, NY: Brooklyn College, Department of Physical Education.
2. Algina, J. (1980). A note on identification in the oblique and orthogonal factor-analysis models. Psychometrika, 45, 393-396.
3. American Educational Research Association. American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education. (1999). Standards for educational and psychological testing. Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association.
4. Asparouhov, T., & Muthén, B.O. (2009). Exploratory structural equation modeling. Structural Equation Modeling, 16, 397-438.
5. Asparouhov, T., & Muthén, B.O. (2010). Simple second order chi-square correction. Retrieved from Mplus website: http://www.statmodel.com/download/WLSMV_new_chi21.pdf
6. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman.
7. Bollen, K.A. (1989). Structural equations with latent variables. New York: Wiley.
8. Browne, M.W. (2001). An overview of analytic rotation in exploratory factor analysis. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 36, 111-150.
9. Byrne, B.M., Shavelson, R.J., & Muthén, B.O. (1989). Testing for equivalence of factor covariance and mean structures: The issue of partial measurement invariance. Psychological Bulletin, 105, 456-466.
10. Campbell, T., & Sullivan, P.J. (2006). The effect of a standardized coaching education program on the efficacy of novice coaches. Avante, 11, 56-68.
11. Chase, M.A., Feltz, D.L., Hayashi, S.W., & Hepler, T.J. (2005). Sources of coaching efficacy: The coaches' perspective. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 3, 27-40.
12. Chen, F.F. (2007). Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 14, 464-504.
13. Cheung, G.W., & Rensvold, R.B. (2001). The effects of model parsimony and sampling error on the fit of structural equation models. Organizational Research Methods, 4, 236-264.
14. Côté, J., & Gilbert, W. (2009). An Integrative Definition of Coaching Effectiveness and Expertise. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 4(3), 307-323.
15. Denham, C.H., & Michael, J.J. (1981). Teacher sense of efficacy: A definition of the construct and a model for further research. Educational Research Quarterly, 5, 39-63.
16. DiStefano, C. (2002). The impact of categorization with confirmatory factor analysis. Structural Equation Modeling, 9, 327-346.
17. Dolan, C.V. (1994). Factor analysis of variables with 2, 3, 5, and 7, response categories: A comparison of categorical variable estimators using simulated data. The British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 47, 309-326.
18. Ewing, M.E., & Seefeldt, V. (2002). Patterns of participation and attrition in American agency sponsored youth sports. In F.L. Smoll & R.E. Smith (Eds.), Children and youth in sport: A biopsychosocial perspective (2nd ed.) Dubuque, IA: Kendall Hunt.
19. Feltz, D.L., Chase, M.A., Moritz, S.E., & Sullivan, P.J. (1999). A conceptual model of coaching efficacy: Preliminary investigation and instrument development. Journal of Educational Psychology, 91, 765-776.
20. Feltz, D.L., Hepler, T.J., Roman, N., & Paiement, C.A. (2009). Coaching efficacy and youth sport coaches. The Sport Psychologist, 23, 24-41.
21. Feltz, D.L., Short, S.E., & Sullivan, P.J. (2008). Self-efficacy in sport. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
22. Finney, S.J., & DiStefano, C. (2006). Non-normal and categorical data in structural equation modeling. In R.C. Serlin (Series Ed.) & G.R. Hancock & R.O. Mueller (Vol. Eds.), Structural equation modeling: A second course (pp. 269-313). Greenwich, CT: Information Age.
23. Hancock, G.R., & Mueller, R.O. (2001). Rethinking construct reliability within latent variable systems. In R. Cudeck, S.H.C. du Toit, & D. Sörbom (Eds.), Structural equation modeling: Past and present. A festschrift in honor of Karl G. Jöreskog (pp. 195-261). Chicago: Scientific Software International, Inc.
24. Hancock, G.R. (2006). Power analysis in covariance structure modeling. In R. C. Serlin (Series Ed.) & G. R. Hancock & R. O. Mueller (Vol. Eds.), Structural equation modeling: A second course (pp. 69-115). Greenwich, CT: Information Age.
25. Hayashi, K., Bentler, P.M., & Yuan, K. (2007). On the likelihood ratio test for the number of factors in exploratory factor analysis. Structural Equation Modeling, 14, 505-526.
26. Hayashi, K., & Marcoulides, G.A. (2006). Examining identification issues in factor analysis. Structural Equation Modeling, 13, 631-645.
27. Horn, T.S. (2002). Coaching effectiveness in the sports domain. In T.S. Horn (Ed.), Advances in sport psychology (2nd ed., pp. 309-354). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
28. Hu, L., & Bentler, P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-55.
29. Jennrich, R.I. (2007). Rotation methods, algorithms, and standard errors. In R.C. MacCallum & R. Cudek (Eds.), Factor analysis at 100: Historical developments and future directions (pp. 315-335). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
30. Jöreskog, K.G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum-likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34, 183-202.
31. Kalisch, M., & Bühlmann, P. (2010). Robustification of the PC-Algorithm for Directed Acyclic Graphs. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, 17(4), 773-789.
32. Kaplan, D. (1988). The impact of specification error on the estimation, testing, and improvement of structural equation models. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 23, 69-86.
33. Landsheer, J.A. (2010). The specification of causal models with Tetrad IV: a review. Structural Equation Modeling, 17(4), 703-711.
34. Lee, K.S., Malete, L., & Feltz, D.L. (2002). The effect of a coaching education program on coaching efficacy. International Journal of Applied Sport Sciences, 14, 55-67.
35. MacCallum, R.C., Roznowski, M., & Necowitz, L.B. (1992). Model modifications in covariance structure analysis: The problem of capitalization on chance. Psychological Bulletin, 111, 490-504.
36. Malete, L., & Feltz, D.L. (2000). The effect of a coaching education program on coaching efficacy. The Sport Psychologist, 14, 410-417.
37. Marback, T.L., Short, S.E., Short, M.W., & Sullivan, P.J. (2005). Coaching confidence: An exploratory investigation of sources and gender differences. Journal of Sport Behavior, 28, 18-34.
38. Marsh, H.W. (2007). Application of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in sport/exercise psychology. In G. Tenenbaum & R.C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (3rd ed., pp. 774-798). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
39. Marsh, H.W., & Hau, K-T. (2007). Application of latent variable models in educational psychology: The need for methodological-substantive synergies. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 32, 151-171.
40. Marsh, H.W., Hau, K.T., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralising Hu & Bentler's (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling, 11, 320-341.
41. Marsh, H.W., Lüdtke, O., Muthén, B., Asparouhov, T., Morin, A.J.S., Trautwein, U., et al. (2010). A new look at the big-five factor structure through exploratory structural equation modeling. Psychological Assessment, 22, 471-491.
42. Marsh, H.W., Muthén, B.O., Asparouhov, T., Lüdtke, O., Robitzsch, A., Morin, A.J., et al. (2009). Exploratory structural equation modeling, integrating CFA and EFA: Application to students' evaluations of university teaching. Structural Equation Modeling, 16, 439-476.
43. Martens, R., & Gould, D. (1979). Why do adults volunteer to coach children's sports? In K.M. Newall & G.C. Roberts (Eds.), Psychology of motor behavior and sport - 1978 (pp. 79-89). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
44. McCallister, S.G., Blinde, E.M., & Weiss, W.M. (2000). Teaching values and implementing philosophies: Dilemmas of the coach. Physical Educator, 57, 35-45.
45. Millsap, R.E., & Kwok, O-M. (2004). Evaluating the impact of partial factorial invariance on selection in two populations. Psychological Methods, 9, 93-115.
46. Millsap, R.E., & Yun-Tien, J. (2004). Assessing factorial invariance in ordered-categorical measures. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 39, 479-515.
47. Muthén, B.O. (1984). A general structural equation model with dichotomous, ordered categorical, and continuous latent variable indictors. Psychometrika, 49, 115-132.
48. Muthén, B.O., & Kaplan, D. (1985). A comparison of some methodologies for the factor analysis of non-normal Likert variables. The British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 38, 171-189.
49. Muthén, L.K., & Muthén, B.O. (1998-2010). Mplus User's Guide (6th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.
50. Muthén, L.K., & Muthén, B.O. (2002). How to use a Monte Carlo study to decide on sample size and determine power. Structural Equation Modeling, 9, 599-620.
51. Myers, N.D., Ahn, S., & Jin, Y. (2011, May). Exploratory structural equation modeling or confirmatory factor analysis for (Im)perfect validity studies? Paper accepted for presentation at the Modern Modeling Methods conference, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.
52. Myers, N.D., Ahn, S., & Jin, Y. (2011).Sample size and power estimates for a confirmatory factor analytic model in exercise and sport: A Monte Carlo approach. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 82, 412-423
53. Myers, N.D., Chase, M.A., Beauchamp, M.R., & Jackson, B. (2010). The Coaching Competency Scale II - High School Teams. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 70, 477-494.
54. Myers, N.D., Feltz, D.L., & Chase, M.A. (2011). Additional Validity Evidence for the Coaching Efficacy Scale II - High School Teams via a Multiple-Group Approach. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 82, 79-88.
55. Myers, N.D., Feltz, D.L., Chase, M.A., Reckase, M.D., & Hancock, G.R. (2008). The Coaching Efficacy Scale II - High School Teams. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 68, 1059-1076.
56. Myers, N.D., Feltz, D.L., & Wolfe, E.W. (2008). A confirmatory study of rating scale category effectiveness for the coaching efficacy scale. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 79, 300-311.
57. Myers, N.D., Vargas-Tonsing, T.M., & Feltz, D.L. (2005). Coaching efficacy in collegiate coaches: Sources, coaching behavior, and team variables. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 6, 129-143.
58. Myers, N.D., Wolfe, E.W., & Feltz, D.L. (2005). An evaluation of the psychometric properties of the coaching efficacy scale for American coaches. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 9, 135-160.
59. Myers, N.D., Wolfe, E.W., Feltz, D.L., & Penfield, R.D. (2006). Identifying differential item functioning of rating scale items with the Rasch model: An introduction and an application. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 10, 215-240.
60. National Association for Sport and Physical Education. (2006). Quality coaches, quality sports: National standards for athletic coaches (2nd ed.). Reston, VA: Author.
61. Nunnally, J.C. (1978). Psychometric theory (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
62. Penfield, R.D., Myers, N.D., & Wolfe, E.W. (2008). Methods for Assessing Item, Step, and Threshold Invariance in Polytomous Items Following the Partial Credit Model. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 68, 717-733.
63. Petitpas, A.J., Cornelius, A.E., Van Raalte, J.L., & Jones, T. (2005). A framework for planning youth sport programs that foster psychosocial development. The Sport Psychologist, 19, 63-80.
64. Rozeboom, Wm.W. (2008). The problematic importance of hypotheses. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 64(9), 1109-1127.
65. Short, S.E., Smiley, M., & Ross-Stewart, L. (2005). The relationship between efficacy beliefs and imagery use in coaches. The Sport Psychologist, 19, 380-394.
66. Smith, R.E., Smoll, F.L., & Curtis, B. (1978). Coaching behaviors in little league baseball. In F.L. Smoll & R.E. Smith (Eds.), Psychological perspectives in youth sports (pp. 173-201). Washington, DC: Hemisphere.
67. Spearman, C. (1904). "General intelligence," objectively determined and measured. The American Journal of Psychology, 15, 201-293.
68. Sullivan, P.J., Gee, C.J., & Feltz, D.L. (2006). Playing experience: The content knowledge source of coaching efficacy beliefs. In A.V. Vitel (Ed.), Trends in educational psychology (pp. 185-194). New York: Nova.
69. Sullivan, P.J., & Kent, A. (2003). Coaching efficacy as a predictor of leadership style in intercollegiate athletics. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 15, 1-11.
70. Thurstone, L.L. (1947). Multiple factor analysis. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
71. Vargas-Tonsing, T.M., Warners, A.L., & Feltz, D.L. (2003). The predictability of coaching efficacy on team efficacy and player efficacy in volleyball. Journal of Sport Behavior, 26, 396-406.
72. Vealey, R.S. (2005). Coaching for the inner edge. Morgantown, WV: Fitness Information Technology.
73. Yates, A. (1987). Multivariate exploratory data analysis: A perspective on exploratory factor analysis. Albany: State University of New York Press.
74. Yuan, K.H., & Bentler, P.M. (2004). On chi-square difference and z tests in mean and covariance structure analysis when the base model is misspecified. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 64(5), 737-757.