Myxomatosis in Australia and Europe: A model for emerging infectious diseases

Antiviral Research

Volumn 93, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 387-415

  Kerr, Peter J ^a  

^a CSIRO   (Australia)

Author keywords

Coevolution; Myxoma virus; Myxomatosis; Poxvirus; Rabbit; Virulence

Indexed keywords

ANTIVIRUS AGENT; CIDOFOVIR; CIDOFOVIR 3 HEXADECYLOXYPROPYL ESTER; INTERFERON; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA CONVERTING ENZYME; MYXOMA VIRUS VACCINE; TECOVIRIMAT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VACCINE;

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; AUSTRALIA; CELL DEATH; EUROPE; GENETIC RESISTANCE; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HISTORY; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; INNATE IMMUNITY; MAMMAL; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; MYXOMA VIRUS; MYXOMATOSIS; NATURAL HOST; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RABBIT; REVIEW; VIRAL CLEARANCE; VIRUS REPLICATION; VIRUS VIRULENCE;

ANIMALS; AUSTRALIA; BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; COMMUNICABLE DISEASES, EMERGING; EUROPE; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; MYXOMA VIRUS; MYXOMATOSIS, INFECTIOUS; RABBITS;

LEPORIDAE; MAMMALIA; MYXOMA VIRUS; ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS; POXVIRIDAE; SYLVILAGUS BACHMANI; SYLVILAGUS BRASILIENSIS;

EID: 84857424101     PISSN: 01663542     EISSN: 18729096     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.01.009     Document Type: Review

References (301)

1. Adams M.M., Rice A.D., Moyer R.W. Rabbitpox virus and vaccinia virus infection of rabbits as a model for human smallpox. J. Virol. 2007, 81:11084-11095.
2. Adams M.M., van Leeuwen B., McFadden G., Kerr P.J. Construction and testing of a novel host-range defective myxoma virus vaccine with the M063 gene inactivated that is non-permissive for replication in rabbit cells. Vet. Res. 2008, 39:60.
3. Adams M.M., van Leeuwen B.H., Kerr P.J. Construction and evaluation of live attenuated myxoma virus vaccines with targeted virulence gene deletions. Vaccine 2008, 26:5843-5854.
4. Ahlstrom C.G. On the anatomical character of the infectious myxoma of rabbits. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. 1940, 18:377-393.
5. Allison A.C. Immune responses to Shope fibroma virus in adult and newborn rabbits. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1966, 36:869-875.
6. Allison A.C., Friedman R.M. Effects of immunosuppressants on Shope rabbit fibroma. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1966, 36:859-868.
7. Alzhanova D., Edwards D.M., Hammarlund E., Scholz I.G., Horst D., Wagner M.J., Upton C., Wiertz E.J., Slifka M.K., Früh K. Cowpox virus inhibits the transporter associated with antigen processing to evade T cell recognition. Cell Host Microb. 2009, 6:4333-4445.
8. Anderson R.M., May R.M. Coevolution of hosts and parasites. Parasitology 1982, 85:411-426.
9. Andrei G., Snoeck R. Cidofovir activity against poxvirus infections. Viruses 2010, 2:2803-2830.
10. Andrewes C.H., Harisijades S. Propagation of myxoma virus in one-day old mice. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 1955, 36:18-21.
11. Angulo E., Bárcena J. Towards a unique and transmissible vaccine against myxomatosis and rabbit haemorrhagic disease for rabbit populations. Wildl. Res. 2007, 34:567-577.
12. Aragão H.B. Myxoma of rabbits. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz 1927, 20:237-247.
13. Aragão H.D.B. O virus do mixoma no coelho do mato (Sylvilagus minensus) sua transmissao pelos Aedes scapularis e aegypti. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz 1943, 38:93-99.
14. Arthur C.P., Louzis C. La myxomatose du lapin en France: une revue. Rev. sci. tech. Off. Int. epiz. 1988, 7:937-957.
15. Assarsson E., Greenbaum J.A., Sundström M., Schaffer L., Hammond J.A., Pasquetto V., Oseroff C., Hendrickson R.C., Lefkowitz E.J., Tscharke D.C., Sidney J., Grey H.M., Head S.R., Peters B., Sette A. Kinetic analysis of a complete poxvirus transcriptome reveals an immediate-early class of genes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2008, 105:2140-2145.
16. Bahar M.W., Graham S.C., Chen R., Cooray S., Smith G.L., Stuart D.I., Grimes J.M. How vaccinia virus has evolved to subvert the host immune response. J. Struct. Biol. 2011, 175:127-134.
17. Bárcena J., Morales M., Vazquez B., Boga J.A., Parra F., Lucientes J., Pagès-Manté A., Sánchez-Vizcaíno J.M., Blasco R., Torres J.M. Horizontal transmissible protection against myxomatosis and rabbit hemorrhagic disease by using a recombinant myxoma virus. J. Virol. 2000, 74:1114-11123.
18. Bárcena J., Pagès-Manté A., March R., Morales M., Ramírez M.A., Sánchez-Vizcaíno J.M., Torres J.M. Isolation of an attenuated myxoma virus field strain that can confer protection against myxomatosis on contacts of vaccinates. Arch. Virol. 2000, 146:759-771.
19. Barrett J.W., Cao J.-X., Hota-Mitchell S., McFadden G. Immunomodulatory proteins of myxoma virus. Sem. Immunol. 2001, 13:73-84.
20. Barrett J.W., Shun Chang C., Wang G., Werden S.J., Shao Z., Barrett C., Gao X., Belsito T.A., Villenevue D., McFadden G. Myxoma virus M063R is a host range gene essential for virus replication in rabbit cells. Virology 2007, 361:123-132.
21. Barrett J.W., Sypula J., Wang F., Alston L.R., Shao Z., Gao X., Irvine T.S., McFadden G. M135R is a novel cell surface virulence factor of myxoma virus. J. Virol. 2007, 81:106-114.
22. Barrett J.W., Werden S.J., Wang F., McKillop W.M., Jimeneza J., Villeneuve D., McFadden G., Dekaban G.A. Myxoma virus M130R is a novel virulence factor required for lethal myxomatosis in rabbits. Virus Res. 2009, 144:258-265.
23. Barry M., Hnatiuk S., Mossman K., Lee S.F., Boshkov L., McFadden G. The myxoma virus M-T4 gene encodes a novel RDEL-containing protein that is retained within the endoplasmic reticulum and is important for the productive infection of lymphocytes. Virology 1997, 239:360-377.
24. Bartee E., McCormack A., Früh H. Quantitative membrane proteomics reveals new cellular targets of viral immune modulators. PLoS Pathog. 2006, 2:e107.
25. Bartee E., Mohamed M.R., Lopez M.C., Baker H.V., McFadden G. The addition of tumor necrosis factor plus beta interferon induces a novel synergistic antiviral state against poxviruses in primary human fibroblasts. J. Virol. 2009, 83:498-511.
26. Belsham G.J., Polacek C., Breum S.Ø., Larsen L.E., Bøtner A. Detection of myxoma viruses encoding a defective M135R gene from clinical cases of myxomatosis; possible implications for the role of the M135R protein as a virulence factor. Virol. J. 2010, 7:7.
27. Bengali Z., Townsley A.C., Moss B. Vaccinia virus strain differences in cell attachment and entry. Virology 2009, 389:132-140.
28. Berman D., Kerr P.J., Stagg R., van Leeuwen B.H., Gonzalez T. Should the 40-year-old practice of releasing virulent myxoma virus to control rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) be continued?. Wildl. Res. 2006, 33:549-556.
29. Bertagnoli S., Gelfi J., Le Gall G.E.B., Vautherot J.F., Rasschaert D., Laurent S., Petit F., Boucraut-Baralon C., Milon A. Protection against myxomatosis and rabbit viral hemorrhagic disease with recombinant myxoma viruses expressing rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus capsid protein. J. Virol. 1996, 70:5061-5066.
30. Best S.M., Collins S.V., Kerr P.J. Coevolution of host and virus: cellular localization of myxoma virus infection of resistant and susceptible European rabbits. Virology 2000, 277:76-91.
31. Best S.M., Kerr P.J. Coevolution of host and virus: the pathogenesis of virulent and attenuated strains of myxoma virus in resistant and susceptible European rabbits. Virology 2000, 267:36-48.
32. Blanié S., Gelfi J., Bertagnoli S., Camus-Bouclainville C. MNF, an ankyrin repeat protein of myxoma virus, is part of a native cellular SCF complex during viral infection. Virol. J. 2010, 7:56.
33. Blanié S., Mortier J., Delverdier M., Bertagnoli S., Camus-Bouclainville C. M148R and M149R are two virulence factors for myxoma virus pathogenesis in the European rabbit. Vet. Res. 2009, 40:11.
34. Boshkov L.K., Macen J.L., McFadden G. Virus induced loss of class I MHC antigens from the surface of cells infected with myxoma virus and malignant rabbit fibroma virus. J. Immunol. 1992, 148:881-887.
35. Bowie A.G., Unterholzner L. Viral evasion and subversion of pattern-recognition receptor signalling. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2008, 8:911-922.
36. Brereton J. Initial spread of myxomatosis in Australia. Nature 1953, 172:108-112.
37. Brick D.J., Burke R.D., Schiff L., Upton C. Shope fibroma virus RING finger protein N1R binds DNA and inhibits apoptosis. Virology 1998, 249:42051.
38. Broyles S.S. Vaccinia virus transcription. J. Gen. Virol. 2003, 84:2293-2303.
39. Brun A., Godard A., Moreau Y. La vaccination contre la myxomatose. Vaccins heterologues et homologues. Bull. Soc. Vet. Med. Comp. 1981, 83:251-254.
40. Bull L.B., Dickinson C.G. The specificity of the virus of rabbit myxomatosis. J. CSIR 1937, 10:291-294.
41. Bull L.B., Mules M.W. An investigation of myxomatosis cuniculi with special reference to the possible use of the disease to control rabbit populations in Australia. J. CSIR 1944, 17:79-93.
42. Burnet, M., 1968. Changing Patterns - an atypical autobiography. Heinemann (Melb).
43. Byun M., Wang X., Pak M., Hansen T.H., Yokoyama W.M. Cowpox virus exploits the endoplasmic reticulum retention pathway to inhibit MHC class I transport to the cell surface. Cell Host Microb. 2007, 2:306-315.
44. Cameron C., Hota-Mitchell S., Chen L., Barrett J., Cao J.-X., Macaulay C., Willer D., Evans D., McFadden G. The complete DNA sequence of myxoma virus. Virology 1999, 264:298-318.
45. Cameron C.M., Barrett J.W., Liu L., Lucas A.R., McFadden G. Myxoma virus M141R expresses a viral CD200 (vOX-2) that is responsible for down-regulation of macrophage and T-cell activation in vivo. J. Virol. 2005, 79:6052-6067.
46. Cameron C.M., Barrett J.W., Mann M., Lucas A., McFadden G. Myxoma virus M128L is expressed as a cell surface CD47-like virulence factor that contributes to the downregulation of macrophage activation in vivo. Virology 2005, 337:55-67.
47. Campbell J.A., Trossman D.S., Yokoyama W.M., Carayannopoulos L.N. Zoonotic orthopoxviruses encode a high-affinity antagonist of NKG2D. J. Exp. Med. 2007, 204:1311-1317.
48. Camus-Bouclainville C., Fiette L., Bouchiha S., Pignolet B., Counor D., Filipe C., Gelfi J., Messud-Petit F. A virulence factor of myxoma virus colocalizes with NF-kappaB in the nucleus and interferes with inflammation. J. Virol. 2004, 78:2510-2516.
49. Camus-Bouclainville C., Gretillat M., Py R., Gelfi J., Guérin J.-L., Bertagnoli S. Genome sequence of SG33 strain and recombination between wild-type and vaccine myxoma viruses. Emerg. Inf. Dis. 2011, 17:633-638.
50. Cao J.X., Teoh M.L.T., Moon M., McFadden G., Evans D.H. Leporipoxvirus Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase homologs inhibit cellular superoxide dismutase, but are not essential for virus replication or virulence. Virology 2002, 296:125-135.
51. Cattadori I.M., Albert R., Boag B. Variation in host susceptibility and infectiousness generated by co-infection: the myxoma-Trichostrongylus retortaeformis case in wild rabbits. J. R. Soc. Interface 2007, 4:831-840.
52. Cavadini P., Botti G., Barbieri I., Lavazza A., Capucci L. Molecular characterization of SG33 and Borghi vaccines used against myxomatosis. Vaccine 2010, 28:5414-5420.
53. Chapple P.J., Muirhead-Thompson R.C. Effect of varying the site of intradermal inoculation of myxoma virus on the course of the disease. J. Comp. Pathol. 1964, 74:366-374.
54. Chaudhri G., Panchanathan V., Buller R.M., van den Eertwegh A.J., Claassen E., Zhou J., de Chazal R., Laman J.D., Karupiah G. Polarized type 1 cytokine response and cell-mediated immunity determine genetic resistance to mousepox. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2004, 101:9057-9062.
55. Collin N., Guérin J.-L., Drexler I., Blanié S., Gelfi J., Boullier S., Foucras G., Sutter G., Messud-Petit F. The poxviral scrapin MV-LAP requires a myxoma viral infection context to efficiently downregulate MHC-I molecules. Virology 2005, 343:171-178.
56. Condit R.C., Moussatche N., Traktman P. In a nutshell: structure and assembly of the vaccinia virion. Adv. Virus. Res. 2006, 66:31-124.
57. Cooke B.D. Changes in the age-structure and size of populations of wild rabbits in South Australia, following the introduction of European rabbit fleas, Spilopsyllus cuniculi (Dale), as vectors of myxomatosis. Aust. Wildl. Res. 1983, 10:105-120.
58. Cooke B.D. Factors limiting the distribution of the European rabbit flea Spilopsyllus cuniculi (Dale)(Siphonoptera) in inland South Australia. Aust. J. Zool. 1984, 32:493-506.
59. Cooke B.D. Notes on the comparative reproductive biology and the laboratory breeding of the rabbit flea Xenopsylla cunicularis Smit (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). Aust. J. Zool. 1990, 38:527-534.
60. Cooke B.D. Rabbit burrows as environments for European rabbit fleas, Spilopsyllus cuniculi (Dale) in arid South Australia. Aust. J. Zool. 1990, 38:317-325.
61. Cooke B.D. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease: field epidemiology and the management of wild rabbit populations. Rev. sci. tech. Off. int. Epiz. 2002, 21:347-358.
62. Dai E., Liu L.-Y., Wang H., McIvor D., Sun Y.m., Macaulay C., King E., Munuswamy-Ramanujam G., Bartee M.Y., Williams J., Davids J., Charo I., McFadden G., Esko J.D., Lucas A.R. Inhibition of chemokine-glycosaminoglycan interactions in donor tissue reduces mouse allograft vasculopathy and transplant rejection. PLoS One 2010, 5:e10510.
63. Dai P., Cao H., Merghoub T., Avogadri F., Wang W., Parikh T., Fang C.-M., Fitzgerald K.A., Rahman M.M., McFadden G., Hu X., Houghton A.N., Shuman S., Deng L. Myxoma virus induces type I interferon production in murine plasmacytoid dendritic cells via a TLR9/MyD88-IRF5/IRF7-, and IFNAR-dependent pathway. J. Virol. 2011, 85:10814-10825.
64. Dalton K.P., Nicieza I., Baragaño A., Alonso J.M.M., Parra F. Molecular characterisation of virulence graded field isolates of myxoma virus. Virol. J. 2010, 7:49.
65. Damon I.K. Poxviruses. Fields' Virology 2007, 2947-2975. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. 5th ed. D.M. Knipe, P.M. Howley (Eds.).
66. Day M.F., Fenner F., Woodroofe G.M., McIntyre G.A. Further studies on the mechanism of mosquito transmission of myxomatosis in the European rabbit. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1956, 54:258-283.
67. De Clercq E. Historical perspectives in the development of antiviral agents against poxviruses. Viruses 2010, 2:1322-1329.
68. Dobson A.P., Carper E.R. Infectious diseases and human population history. BioScience 1996, 46:115-126.
69. Dorfleutner A., Talbott S.J., Bryan N.B., Funya K.N., Rellick S.L.C., Reed J.C., Shi X., Rojanasakul Y., Flynn D.C., Stehlik C. A Shope Fibroma virus PYRIN-only protein modulates the host immune response. Virus Genes 2007, 35:685-694.
70. Douglas A.E., Corbett K.D., Berger J.M., McFadden G., Handel T.M. Structure of M11L: a myxoma virus structural homolog of the apoptosis inhibitor, Bcl-2. Protein Sci. 2007, 16:695-703.
71. Duclos P., Tuaillon P., Joubert L. Histopathologie de l'atteinte cutanéo-muqueuse et pulmonaire de la myxomatose. Bull. Acad. Vet. (France) 1983, 56:95-104.
72. Dunsmore J.D., Williams R.T., Price W.J. A winter epizootic of myxomatosis in sub-alpine south-eastern Australia. Aust. J. Zool. 1971, 19:275-286.
73. Duprez L., Wirawan E., Berghe T.V., Vandenabeele P. Major cell death pathways at a glance. Microb. Infect. 2009, 11:1050-1062.
74. Duteyrat J.-L., Gelfi J., Bertagnoli S. Ultrastructural study of myxoma virus morphogenesis. Arch. Virol. 2007, 151:2160-2180.
75. Dwyer G., Levin S., Buttel L. A simulation model of the population dynamics and evolution of myxomatosis. Ecol. Monogr. 1990, 60:423-447.
76. Edmonds J.W., Nolan I.F., Shephard R.C.H., Gocs A. Myxomatosis: the virulence of field strains of myxoma virus in a population of wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.) with high resistance to myxomatosis. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1975, 74:417-418.
77. Everett H., Barry M., Lee S.F., Sun X., Bleackley R.C., McFadden G. M11L: a novel mitochondria-localized protein of myxoma virus that blocks apoptosis of infected leukocytes. J. Exp. Med. 2000, 191:1487-1498.
78. Farrant J.L., Fenner F. A comparison of the morphology of vaccinia and myxoma viruses. Aust. J. Exptl. Biol. Med. Sci. 1953, 31:121-126.
79. Fenner F. Biological control as exemplified by smallpox eradication and myxomatosis. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 1983, 218:259-285.
80. Fenner F., Chapple P.J. Evolutionary changes in myxoma virus in Britain. An examination of 222 naturally occurring strains obtained from 80 counties during the period October-November 1962. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1965, 63:175-185.
81. Fenner F., Day M.F., Woodroofe G.M. The mechanism of the transmission of myxomatosis in the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Aust. J. Exptl. Biol. Med. Sci. 1952, 30:139-152.
82. Fenner F., Day M.F., Woodroofe G.M. Epidemiological consequences of the mechanical transmission of myxomatosis by mosquitoes. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1956, 54:284-303.
83. Fenner F., Fantini B. Biological control of vertebrate pests. The history of myxomatosis - an experiment in evolution 1999, CAB International, New York.
84. Fenner F., Marshall I.D. Passive immunity in myxomatosis of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus): the protection conferred on kittens by immune does. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1954, 52:321-336.
85. Fenner F., Marshall I.D. Occurrence of attenuated strains of myxoma virus in Europe. Nature 1955, 176:782-783.
86. Fenner F., Marshall I.D. A comparison of the virulence for European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) of strains of myxoma virus recovered in the field in Australia, Europe and America. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1957, 55:149-191.
87. Fenner F., Marshall I.D., Woodroofe G.M. Studies in the epidemiology of infectious myxomatosis of rabbits. I. Recovery of Australian wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) from myxomatosis under field conditions. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1953, 51:225-244.
88. Fenner F., Poole W.E., Marshall I.D., Dyce A.L. Studies in the epidemiology of infectious myxomatosis of rabbits. VI. The experimental introduction of the European strain of myxoma virus into Australian wild rabbit populations. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1957, 55:192-206.
89. Fenner F., Ratcliffe F.N. Myxomatosis 1965, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.
90. Fenner F., Ross J. Myxomatosis. The European Rabbit. The History and Biology of a Successful Colonizer 1994, 205-240. Oxford University Press, Oxford. H.V. Thompson, C.M. King (Eds.).
91. Fenner F., Woodroofe G.M. The pathogenesis of infectious myxomatosis: the mechanism of infection and the immunological response in the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 1953, 34:400-410.
92. Fenner F., Woodroofe G.M. Protection of laboratory rabbits against myxomatosis by vaccination with fibroma virus. Aust. J. Exptl. Biol. Med. Sci. 1954, 32:653-668.
93. Ferreira C., Ramírez E., Castro F., Ferreras P., Alves P.C., Redpath S., Villafuerte R. Field experimental vaccination campaigns against myxomatosis and their effectiveness in the wild. Vaccine 2009, 27:6998-7002.
94. Flux J.E.C. World distribution. The European Rabbit. The History and Biology of a Successful Colonizer 1994, 8-21. Oxford University Press, Oxford. H.V. Thompson, C.M. King (Eds.).
95. Fountain S., Holland M.K., Hinds L.A., Janssens P.A., Kerr P.J. Interstitial orchitis with impaired steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis in the testes of rabbits infected with an attenuated strain of myxoma virus. J. Reprod. Fertil. 1997, 110:161-169.
96. Fullagar P.J. Observations on myxomatosis in a rabbit population with immune adults. Aust. Wildl. Res. 1977, 4:263-280.
97. Galaup, O., 1988. Contribution à l' étude sur la lutte anti-myxomatose à l' aide du vaccin SG33. Suivi de l'épidémiologie de la myxomatose sur la reserve de Donzere-Mondragon (Vaucluse). Office National de la Chasse, Brevet d' enseignement professionnel Agricole cytogénetique promotion, 1986-1988.
98. Gedey R., Jin X.-L., Hinthong O., Shisler J.L. Poxviral regulation of the host-NF-κB response: the vaccinia virus M2L protein inhibits induction of NF-κB activation via an ERK2 pathway in virus-infected human embryonic kidney cells. J. Virol. 2006, 80:8676-8685.
99. González J.M., Esteban M. A poxvirus Bcl-2-like gene family involved in regulation of host immune response: sequence similarity and evolutionary history. Virol. J. 2010, 7:59.
100. Gorski J., Mizak B., Chrobocinska M. Control of rabbit myxomatosis in Poland. Rev. sci. tech. Off. int. Epiz. 1994, 13:869-879.
101. Graham K.A., Lalani A.S., Macen J.L., Ness T.L., Barry M., Liu L.-Y., Lucas A., Clark-Lewis I., Moyer R.W., McFadden G. The T1/35kDa family of poxvirus-secreted proteins bind chemokines and modulate leukocyte influx into virus-infected tissues. Virology 1997, 229:12-24.
102. Graham K.A., Opgenorth A., Upton C., McFadden G. Myxoma virus M11L ORF encodes a protein for which cell surface localization is critical in manifestation of viral virulence. Virology 1992, 191:112-124.
103. Gubser C., Hué S., Kellam P., Smith G.L. Poxvirus genomes: a phylogenetic analysis. J. Gen. Virol. 2004, 85:105-117.
104. Guérin J.-L., Gelfi J., Camus C., Delverdier M., Whisstock J.C., Amardeihl M.-F., Py R., Bertagnoli S., Messud-Petit F. Characterization and functional analysis of Serp 3: a novel myxoma virus-encoded serpin involved in virulence. J. Gen. Virol. 2001, 82:1407-1417.
105. Guérin J.L., Gelfi J., Boullier S., Delverdier M., Bellanger F.A., Bertagnoli S., Drexler I., Sutter G., Messud-Petit F. Myxoma virus leukemia-associated protein is responsible for major histocompatibility complex class I and Fas-CD95 down-regulation and defines scrapins, a new group of surface cellular receptor abductor proteins. J. Virol. 2002, 76:2912-2923.
106. Guerra S., Càceres A., Knobeloch K.-P., Horak I., Esteban M. Vaccinia virus E3 protein prevents the antiviral action of ISG15. PLoS Pathog. 2009, 4:e1000096.
107. Guitton J.-S., Devillard S., Guénézan M., Fouchet D., Pontier D., Marchandeau S. Vaccination of free-living juvenile wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) against myxomatosis improved their survival. Vet. Prev. Med. 2008, 84:1-10.
108. Hill A.V.S. Aspects of genetic susceptibility to human infectious diseases. Annu. Rev. Genet. 2006, 40:469-486.
109. Hinthong O., Jin X.-L., Shisler J.L. Characterization of wild-type and mutant vaccinia virus M2L proteins' abilities to localize to the endoplasmic reticulum and to inhibit NF-κB activation during infection. Virology 2008, 373:248-262.
110. Hnatiuk S., Barry M., Zeng W., Liu L., Lucas A., Percy D., McFadden G. Role of the C-terminal RDEL motif of the myxoma virus M-T4 protein in terms of apoptosis regulation and viral pathogenesis. Virology 1999, 263:290-306.
111. Hobbs J.R. Studies of the nature of infectious myxoma of rabbits. Am. J. Hyg. 1928, 8:800-839.
112. Hovey Nerenberg B.T., Taylor J., Bartee E., Gouveia K., Barry M., Früh K. The poxviral RING protein p28 Is a ubiquitin ligase that targets ubiquitin to viral replication factories. J. Virol. 2005, 79:597-601.
113. Hurst E.W. Myxoma and the Shope fibroma. I. The histology of myxoma. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 1937, 18:1-15.
114. Hurst E.W. Myxoma and the Shope fibroma. II. The effect of intracerebral passage on the myxoma virus. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 1937, 18:15-22.
115. Hurst E.W. Myxoma and the Shope fibroma. III. Miscellaneous observations bearing on the relationship between myxoma, neuromyxoma and fibroma viruses. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 1937, 18:23-30.
116. Hyde R.R. The pathogenesis of infectious myxomatosis (Sanarelli) as modified by certain immunizing agents. Am. J. Hyg. 1939, 30:37-46.
117. Hyde R.R. Infectious myxomatosis of rabbits (Sanarelli) versus the fibroma virus (Shope) with especial reference to the establishment of concomitant immunity. Am. J. Hyg. 1939, 30:47-55.
118. Hyde R.R., Gardner R.E. Transmission experiments with the fibroma (Shope) and myxoma (Sanarelli). Am. J. Hyg. 1939, 30:57-63.
119. Jackson E.W., Dorn C.R., Saito J.K., McKercher D.G. Absence of serological evidence of myxoma virus infection in humans exposed during an outbreak of myxomatosis. Nature 1966, 211:313-314.
120. Jackson R.J., Hall D.F., Kerr P.J. Myxoma virus encodes an α2,3-sialyltransferase that enhances virulence. J. Virol. 1999, 73:2376-2384.
121. Jeklova E., Leva L., Matiosovic J., Kovarcik K., Kudlackova H., Nevorankova Z., Psikal I., Faldyna M. Characterisation of immunosuppression in rabbits after infection with myxoma virus. Vet. Microbiol. 2008, 129:117-130.
122. Johnston J.B., Barrett J.W., Chang W., Chung C.-S., Zeng W., Masters J., Mann M., Wang F., Cao J., McFadden G. Role of the serine-threonine kinase PAK-1 in myxoma virus replication. J. Virol. 2003, 77:5877-5888.
123. Johnston J.B., Barrett J.W., Nazarian S.H., Goodwin M., Ricuttio D., Wang G., McFadden G. A poxvirus-encoded pyrin domain protein interacts with ASC-1 to inhibit host inflammatory and apoptotic responses to infection. Immunity 2005, 23:587-598.
124. Johnston J.B., Nazarian S.H., Natale R., McFadden G. Myxoma virus infection of primary human fibroblasts varies with cellular age and is regulated by host interferon responses. Virology 2005, 332:235-248.
125. Johnston J.B., Wang G., Barrett J.W., Nazarian S.H., Colwill K., Moran M., McFadden G. Myxoma virus M-T5 protects infected cells from the stress of cell cycle arrest through its interaction with host cell cullin-1. J. Virol. 2005, 79:10750-10763.
126. Joiner G.N., Jardine J.H., Gleiser C.A. An epizootic of Shope fibromatosis in a commercial rabbitry. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1971, 159:1583-1587.
127. Jones K.E., Patel N.G., Levy M.A., Storeygard A., Balk D., Gittleman J.L., Daszak P. Global trends in emerging infectious diseases. Nature 2008, 451:990-994.
128. Joubert L., Duclos P., Toaillen P. La myxomatose des garennes dans le sud-est. La myxomatose amyxomateuse. Rev. Méd. Vét. 1982, 133:739-753.
129. Joubert, L., Leftheriotis, E., Mouchet, J., 1972-1973. La myxomatose. L'expansion Scientifique Francaise, Paris.
130. Keesing F., Belden L.K., Daszak P., Dobson A., Harvell C.D., Holt R.D., Hudson P., Jolles A., Jones K.E., Mitchell C.E., Myers S.S., Bogich T., Ostfeld R.S. Impacts of biodiversity on the emergence and transmission of infectious diseases. Nature 2010, 468:647-652.
131. Kerr P.J. An ELISA for epidemiological studies of myxomatosis: persistence of antibodies to myxoma virus in European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Wildl. Res. 1997, 24:53-65.
132. Kerr P.J., Hone J., Perrin L., French N., Williams C.K. Molecular and serological analysis of the epidemiology of myxoma virus in rabbits. Vet. Microbiol. 2010, 143:167-178.
133. Kerr P.J., McFadden G. Immune responses to myxoma virus. Viral Immunol. 2002, 15:229-246.
134. Kerr P.J., Merchant J.C., Silvers L., Hood G., Robinson A.J. Monitoring the spread of myxoma virus in rabbit populations in the southern tablelands of New South Wales, Australia. II. Selection of a virus strain that was transmissible and could be monitored by polymerase chain reaction. Epidemiol. Infect. 2003, 130:123-133.
135. Kerr P.J., Perkins H.D., Inglis B., Stagg R., McLaughlin E., Collins S.V., van Leeuwen B.H. Expression of rabbit IL-4 by recombinant myxoma viruses enhances virulence and overcomes genetic resistance to myxomatosis. Virology 2004, 324:117-128.
136. Kessel J.F., Fisk R.T., Prouty C.C. Studies with the Californian strain of the virus of infectious myxomatosis. Proc. Fifth Pac. Sci. Congr. 1934, 2927-2939.
137. Kilham L., Dalmat H.T. Host-virus-mosquito relations of Shope fibromas in cottontail rabbits. Am. J. Hyg. 1955, 61:45-54.
138. King D.R., Oliver A.J., Wheeler S.H. The European rabbit flea, Spilopsyllus cuniculi, in south-western Australia. Aust. Wildl. Res. 1985, 12:227-236.
139. Kritas S.K., Dovas C., Fortomaris P., Petridou E., Farsang A., Koptopoulos G. A pathogenic myxoma virus in vaccinated and non-vaccinated commercial rabbits. Res. Vet. Sci. 2008, 85:622-624.
140. Kvansakul M., van Delft M.F., Lee E.F., Gulbis J.M., Fairlie W.D., Huang D.C.S., Colman P.M. A structural viral mimic of prosurvival Bcl-2: A pivotal role for sequestering proapoptotic Bax and Bak. Mol. Cell 2007, 25:933-942.
141. Labudovic A., Perkins H., van Leeuwen B., Kerr P. Sequence mapping of the Californian MSW strain of myxoma virus. Arch. Virol. 2004, 149:553-570.
142. Lalani A.S., Graham K., Mossman K., Rajarathnam K., Clark-Lewis I., Kelvin D., McFadden G. The purified myxoma virus gamma interferon receptor homolog M-T7 interacts with the heparin-binding domains of chemokines. J. Virol. 1997, 71:4356-4363.
143. Lalani A.S., Masters J., Graham K., Liu L., Lucas A., McFadden G. Role of the myxoma virus soluble CC-chemokine inhibitor glycoprotein, M-T1, during myxoma virus pathogenesis. Virology 1999, 256:233-245.
144. Lamkanfi M., Dixit V.M. Manipulation of host cell death pathways during microbial infections. Cell Host Microb. 2010, 8:44-54.
145. Lanier L.L. Evolutionary struggles between NK cells and viruses. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2008, 8:259-268.
146. Laybourn K.A., Hiserodt J.C., Hunt J.M., Sell S., Strayer D.S. Natural cell mediated immunity in the rabbit. Cell. Immunol. 1990, 129:519-527.
147. Liu J., Wennier S., Zhang L., McFadden G. M062 is a host range factor essential for myxoma virus pathogenesis and functions as an antagonist of host SAMD9 in human cells. J. Virol. 2011, 85:3270-3282.
148. Liu L., Lalani A., Dai E., Seet B., Macauley C., Singh R., Fan L., McFadden G., Lucas A. The viral anti-inflammatory chemokine-binding protein M-T7 reduces intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury. J. Clin. Invest. 2000, 105:1613-1621.
149. Lockley R.M. Some experiments in rabbit control. Nature 1940, 145:767-769.
150. Lockley R.M. Failure of myxomatosis on Skokholm Island. Nature 1955, 175:906-907.
151. Luna R.M.L. First report of myxomatosis in Mexico. J. Wildl. Dis. 2000, 36:580-583.
152. Macen J.L., Upton C., Nation N., McFadden G. Serp 1, a secreted proteinase inhibitor encoded by myxoma virus is a secreted glycoprotein that interferes with inflammation. Virology 1993, 195:348-363.
153. Macen J.L., Graham K.A., Fong Lee S., Schreiber M., Boshkov L.K., McFadden G. Expression of the myxoma virus tumour necrosis factor receptor homologue and M11L genes is required to prevent virus-induced apoptosis in infected rabbit T lymphocytes. Virology 1996, 218:232-237.
154. MacNeill A.L., Turner P.C., Moyer R.W. Mutation of the Myxoma virus SERP2 P1-site to prevent proteinase inhibition causes apoptosis in cultured RK-13 cells and attenuates disease in rabbits, but mutation to alter specificity causes apoptosis without reducing virulence. Virology 2006, 356:12-22.
155. Malmgaard L. Induction and regulation of interferons during viral infections. J. Inf. Cyt. Res. 2004, 24:439-454.
156. Mansouri M., Bartee E., Gouveia K., Hovey Nerenberg B.T., Barrett J., Thomas L., Thomas G., McFadden G., Früh K. The PHD/LAP-domain protein M153R of myxoma virus is a ubiquitin ligase that induces the rapid internalization and lysosomal destruction of CD4. J. Virol. 2003, 77:1427-1440.
157. Marlier D. Vaccination against myxoma virus infections: are we really doing the best?. Tijdschr. Diergeneeskd. 2010, 135:194-198.
158. Marlier D., Cassart D., Boucrat-Baralon C., Coignoul F., Vindevogel H. Experimental infection of specific pathogen-free New Zealand white rabbits with five strains of amyxomatous myxoma virus. J. Comp. Path. 1999, 121:369-384.
159. Marlier D., Herbots J., Detilleux J., Lemaire M., Thiry E., Vindevogel H. Cross-sectional study of the association between pathological conditions and myxoma virus seroprevalence in intensive rabbit farms in Europe. Prev. Vet. Med. 2001, 48:55-64.
160. Marlier D., Mainil J., Boucrat-Baralon C., Linden A., Vindevogel H. The efficacy of two vaccination schemes against experimental infection with a virulent amyxomatous or a virulent nodular myxoma virus strain. J. Comp. Path. 2000, 122:115-122.
161. Marlier D., Mainil J., Linden A., Vindevogel H. Infectious agents associated with rabbit pneumonia: isolation of amyxomatous myxoma virus strains. Vet. J. 2000, 159:171-178.
162. Marlier D., Mainil J., Sulon J., Beckers J.F., Linden A., Vindevogel H. Study of the virulence of five strains fo amyxomatous myxoma virus in crossbred New Zealand White/Californian conventional rabbits, with evidence of long-term testicular infection in recovered animals. J. Comp. Path. 2000, 122:101-113.
163. Marshall I.D. The influence of ambient temperature on the course of myxomatosis in rabbits. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1959, 57:484-497.
164. Marshall I.D., Douglas G.W. Studies in the epidemiology of infectious myxomatosis of rabbits. VIII. Further observations on changes in the innate resistance of Australian wild rabbits exposed to myxomatosis. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1961, 59:117-122.
165. Marshall I.D., Dyce A.L., Poole W.E., Fenner F. Studies in the epidemiogy of infectious myxomatosis of rabbits. IV. Observations of disease behaviour in two localities near the northern limit of rabbit infestation in Australia, May 1952 to April 1953. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1955, 53:12-25.
166. Marshall I.D., Fenner F. Studies in the epidemiology of infectious myxomatosis of rabbits. V. Changes in the innate resistance of wild rabbits exposed to myxomatosis. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1958, 56:288-302.
167. Marshall I.D., Regnery D.C. Myxomatosis in a Californian brush rabbit. Nature 1960, 188:73-74.
168. Marshall I.D., Regnery D.C., Grodhaus G. Studies in the epidemiology of myxomatosis in California. I. Observations on two outbreaks of myxomatosis in coastal California and the recovery of myxoma virus from a brush rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani). Am. J. Hyg. 1963, 77:195-204.
169. Martin C.J. Observations on myxomatosis cuniculi (Sanarelli) made with a view to the use of the virus in the control of rabbit plagues. CSIR Australia Res. Bull. 1936, 96:1-28.
170. Massad E. Transmission rates and the evolution of pathogenicity. Evolution 1987, 41:1127-1130.
171. Masters J., Hinek A.A., Uddin S., Platanias L.C., Zeng W., McFadden G., Fish E.N. Poxvirus infection rapidly activates tyrosine kinase signal transduction. J. Biol. Chem. 2001, 276:48371-48375.
172. McFadden G. Poxvirus tropism. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2005, 3:201-213.
173. McFadden G., Mohamed M.R., Rahman M.M., Bartee E. Cytokine determinants of viral tropism. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2009, 9:645-655.
174. McKee C.M. Immunization against infectious myxomatosis with heat inactivated virus in conjunction with the type III pneumococcus. Am. J. Hyg. 1939, 29:165-170.
175. McKercher D.G. Infectious myxomatosis. I. Vaccination. II. Antibiotic therapy. Am. J. Vet. Res. 1952, 13:425-429.
176. McKercher D.G., Saito J. An attenuated live virus vaccine for myxomatosis. Nature 1964, 202:933-934.
177. Mead-Briggs A.R., Vaughan J.A. The differential transmissibility of myxoma virus strains of differing virulence grades by the rabbit flea Spilopsyllus cuniculi (Dale). J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1975, 75:237-247.
178. Mercer J., Helenius A. Vaccinia virus uses macropinocytosis and apoptotic mimicry to enter host cells. Science 2008, 320:531-535.
179. Mercer J., Knébel S., Schmidt F.I., Crouse J., Burkard C., Helenius A. Vaccinia virus strains use distinct forms of macropinocytosis for host-cell entry. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2010, 107:9346-9351.
180. Messud-Petit F., Gelfi J., Delverdier M., Amardeilh M.-F., Py R., Sutter G., Bertagnoli S. Serp 2, an inhibitor of the interleukin-1β-converting enzyme, is critical in the pathobiology of myxoma virus. J. Virol. 1998, 72:7830-7839.
181. Mims C. Aspects of the pathogenesis of viral diseases. Bact. Rev. 1964, 28:30-71.
182. Mohamed M.R., McFadden G. NFkB inhibitors: Strategies from poxviruses. Cell Cycle 2009, 8:3125-3132.
183. Morales M., Ramirez M.A., Cano M.J., Parraga M., Castilla J., Perez-Ordoyo L.I., Torres J.M., Barcena J. Genome comparison of a nonpathogenic myxoma virus field strain with its ancestor, the virulent Lausanne strain. J. Virol. 2009, 83:2397-2403.
184. Moses A. O virus do mixoma dos coelhos. Mem. Instit. Oswaldo Cruz 1911, 3:46-53.
185. Moss B. Poxviridae: the viruses and their replication. Fields' Virology 2007, 2905-2945. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. 5th ed. D.M. Knipe, P.M. Howley (Eds.).
186. Mossman K., Fong Lee S., Barry M., Boshkov L., McFadden G. Disruption of M-T5, a novel myxoma virus gene member of the poxvirus host range superfamily, results in dramatic attenuation of myxomatosis in infected European rabbits. J. Virol. 1996, 70:4394-4410.
187. Mossman K., Nation P., Macen J., Garbutt M., Lucas A., McFadden G. Myxoma virus M-T7, a secreted homolog of the interferon-γ receptor, is a critical virulence factor for the development of myxomatosis in European rabbits. Virology 1996, 215:17-30.
188. Mossman K., Ostergaard H., Upton C., McFadden G. Myxoma virus and Shope fibroma virus encode dual-specificity tyrosine/serine phosphatases which are essential for virus viability. Virology 1995, 206:572-582.
189. Mossman K., Upton C., McFadden G. The myxoma virus-soluble interferon-γ receptor homolog, M-T7 inhibits interferon-γ in a species-specific manner. J. Biol. Chem. 1995, 270:3031-3038.
190. Muller A., Silva E., Abrantes J., Esteves P.J., Ferreira P.G., Carvalheira J.C., Nowotny N., Thompson G. Partial sequencing of recent Portuguese myxoma virus field isolates exhibits a high degree of genetic stability. Vet. Microbiol. 2010, 140:161-166.
191. Myers K. Studies in the epidemiology of infectious myxomatosis of rabbits. II. Field experiments, August-November 1950, and the first epizootic of myxomatosis in the Riverine plain of south-eastern Australia. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1954, 52:47-59.
192. Myers K., Marshall I.D., Fenner F. Studies in the epidemiology of infectious myxomatosis of rabbits. III. Observations on two succeeding epizootics in Australian wild rabbits on the Riverine plain of south-eastern Australia. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1954, 52:337-360.
193. Myers K., Parer I., Wood D., Cooke B.D. The rabbit in Australia. The European Rabbit. The History and Biology of a Successful Colonizer 1994, 108-157. Oxford University Press, Oxford. H.V. Thompson, C.M. King (Eds.).
194. Mykytowycz R. An attenuated strain of the myxomatosis virus recovered from the field. Nature 1953, 172:448-449.
195. Mykytowycz R. The effect of season and mode of transmission on the severity of myxomatosis due to an attenuated strain of the virus. Aust. J. Exptl. Biol. Med. Sci. 1956, 34:121-132.
196. Myskiw C., Arsenio J., Hammett C., van Bruggen R., Deschambault Y., Beausoleil N., Babiuk S., Cao J. Comparative analysis of poxvirus orthologues of the Vaccinia Virus E3 protein: modulation of PKR activity, cytokine responses and virus pathogenicity. J. Virol. 2011, 85:12280-12291.
197. Opgenorth A., Graham K., Nation N., Strayer D., McFadden G. Deletion analysis of two tandemly arranged virulence genes in myxoma virus, M11L and myxoma growth factor. J. Virol. 1992, 66:4720-4731.
198. Panchanathan V., Chaudhri G., Karupiah G. Correlates of protective immunity in poxvirus infection: where does antibody stand?. Immunol. Cell Biol. 2008, 86:80-86.
199. Parer I. Relationship between survival rate and survival time of rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus (L.), challenged with myxoma virus. Aust. J. Zool. 1995, 43:303-311.
200. Parer I., Conolly D., Sobey W.R. Myxomatosis: the effects of annual introductions of an immunizing strain and a highly virulent strain of myxoma virus into rabbit populations at Urana, New South Wales. Australia. Aust. Wildl. Res. 1985, 12:407-424.
201. Parer I., Sobey W.R., Conolly D., Morton R. Virulence of strains of myxoma virus and the resistance of wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.), from different locations in Australasia. Aust. J. Zool. 1994, 42:347-362.
202. Parer I., Sobey W.R., Conolly D., Morton R. Sire transmission of acquired resistance to myxomatosis. Aust. J. Zool. 1995, 43:459-465.
203. Pathak P.N., Tompkins W.A.F. Interferon production by macrophages from adult and newborn rabbits bearing fibroma virus-induced tumors. Infect. Immun. 1974, 9:669-673.
204. Patton N.M., Holmes H.T. Myxomatosis in domestic rabbits in Oregon. J. Am. Vet. Assoc. 1977, 171:560-562.
205. Perdiguero B., Esteban M. The interferon system and vaccinia virus evasion mechanisms. J. Inf. Cyt. Res. 2009, 29:582-598.
206. Petit F., Bertagnoli S., Gelfi J., Fassy F., Boucrat-Baralon C., Milon A. Characterization of a myxoma virus encoded serpin-like protein with activity against interleukin-1β-converting enzyme. J. Virol. 1996, 70:5860-5866.
207. Picavet D.P., Lebas F., Gilbert Y., Chantal J., Py R., Peulet M.J., Brignol E. Essais d'immunization du lapereau de chair contre la myxomatose á l'aide d'un vaccin homologue atténué. Revue Méd. Vét. 1992, 143:267-271.
208. Piriou L., Chilmonczyk S., Genetet N., Albina E. Design of a flow cytometric assay for the determination of natural killer and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity in human and in different animal species. Cytometry 2000, 41:289-297.
209. Pšikal I., Šmid B., Rodák L., Valíček L., Bendová J. Atypical myxomatosis - virus isolation, experimental infection of rabbits and restriction endonuclease analysis of the isolate. J. Vet. Med. 2003, B50:259-264.
210. Rahman M.M., McFadden G. Myxoma virus lacking the Pyrin-like protein M013 is sensed in human myeloid cells by both NLRP3 and multiple TLRs, which independently activate the inflammasome and NF-κB innate response pathways. J. Virol. 2011, 85:12505-12517.
211. Rahman M.M., Mohamed M.R., Kim M., Smallwood S., McFadden G. Co-regulation of NF-κB and inflammasome-mediated inflammatory responses by myxoma virus pyrin domain-containing protein M013. PLoS Pathog. 2009, 5:e1000635.
212. Ramelot T.A., Cort J.R., Yee A.A., Liu F., Goshe M.B., Edwards A.M., Smith R.D., Arrowsmith C.H., Dever T.E., Keenedy M.A. Myxoma virus immunomodulatory protein M156R is a structural mimic of eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2α. J. Mol. Biol. 2002, 322:943-954.
213. Ratcliffe F.N., Myers K., Fennessy B.V., Calaby J.H. Myxomatosis in Australia. A step towards the biological control of the rabbit. Nature 1952, 170:7-19.
214. Regnery D.C. The epidemic potential of Brazilian myxoma virus (Lausanne strain) for three species of North American cottontails. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1971, 94:514-519.
215. Regnery D.C., Marshall I.D. Studies in the epidemiology of myxomatosis in California. IV. The susceptibility of six leporid species to Californian myxoma virus and the relative infectivity of their tumours for mosquitoes. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1971, 94:508-513.
216. Rice A.D., Adams M.M., Wallace G., Burrage A.M., Lindsey S.F., Smith A.J., Swetnam D., Manning B.R., Gray S.A., Lampert B., Foster S., Lanier R., Robertson A., Painter G., Moyer R.W. Efficacy of CMX001 as a post exposure antiviral in New Zealand white rabbits infected with rabbitpox virus, a model for orthopoxvirus infections of humans. Viruses 2011, 3:47-62.
217. Rivers T.M. Infectious myxomatosis of rabbits: observations on the pathological changes induced by virus myxomatosis (Sanarelli). J. Exp. Med. 1930, 51:965-975.
218. Rivers T.M., Ward S.M., Smadel J.E. Infectious myxomatosis of rabbits. Studies of a soluble antigen associated with the disease. J. Exp. Med. 1939, 69:31-48.
219. Roberts K.L., Breiman A., Carter G.C., Ewles H.A., Hollinshead M., Law M., Smith G.L. Acidic residues in the membrane-proximal stalk region of vaccinia virus protein B5 are required for glycosaminoglycan-mediated disruption of the extracellular enveloped virus outer membrane. J. Gen. Virol. 2009, 90:1582-1591.
220. Roberts K.L., Smith G.L. Vaccinia virus morphogenesis and dissemination. Trends Microbiol. 2008, 16:472-479.
221. Robinson A.J., Muller W.J., Braid A., Kerr P.J. The effect of buphrenorphine on the course of disease in laboratory rabbits infected with myxoma virus. Lab. Anim. Sci. 1999, 33:252-257.
222. Rogers P.M., Arthur C.P., Soriguer R.C. The rabbit in continental Europe. The European Rabbit. The History and Biology of a Successful Colonizer 1994, 22-63. Oxford University Press, Oxford. H.V. Thompson, C.M. King (Eds.).
223. Rolls E.C. They All Ran Wild 1969, Angus and Robertson, Melbourne.
224. Ross J., Sanders M.F. Innate resistance to myxomatosis in wild rabbits in England. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1977, 79:411-415.
225. Ross J., Sanders M.F. The development of genetic resistance to myxomatosis in wild rabbits in Britain. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1984, 92:255-261.
226. Ross J., Sanders M.F. Changes in the virulence of myxoma virus strains in Britain. Epidem. Inf. 1987, 98:113-117.
227. Ross J., Tittensor A.M. The establishment and spread of myxomatosis and its effect on rabbit populations. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. (B. Biol. Sci.) 1986, 314:599-606.
228. Sadler A.J., Williams B.R.G. Interferon-inducible antiviral effectors. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2008, 8:559-568.
229. Saint K.M., French N., Kerr P. Genetic variation in Australian isolates of myxoma virus: an evolutionary and epidemiological study. Arch. Virol. 2001, 146:1105-1123.
230. Saito J.K., McKercher D.G., Castrucci G. Attenuation of the myxoma virus and use of the living attenuated virus as an immunizing agent for myxomatosis. J. Infect. Dis. 1964, 114:417-428.
231. Sampford M.R. The estimation of response time distribution. III. Truncation and survival. Biometrics 1954, 10:531-561.
232. Sanarelli G. Das myxomatogene Virus. Beitrag zum Stadium der Krankheitserreger ausserhalb des Sichtbaren. Zbl. Bakt. 1898, 23:865-873.
233. Saurat P., Gilbert Y., Ganiere J.-P. Etude d'une souche de virus myxomateux modifée. Rev. Méd. Vét. 1978, 129:415-451.
234. Schreiber M., McFadden G. The myxoma virus TNF-receptor homolog (T2) inhibits tumor necrosis factor α in a species specific fashion. Virology 1994, 204:692-705.
235. Schreiber M., McFadden G. Mutational analysis of the ligand binding domain of M-T2 protein, the tumor necrosis factor receptor homologue of myxoma virus. J. Immunol. 1996, 157:4485-4486.
236. Schreiber M., Rajarathnam K., McFadden G. Myxoma virus T2 protein, a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-receptor homolog, is secreted as a monomer and dimer that each bind rabbit TNF α but the dimer is a more potent TNF inhibitor. J. Biol. Chem. 1996, 271:13333-13341.
237. Schreiber M., Sedger L., McFadden G. Distinct domains of M-T2, the myxoma virus tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor homolog, mediate extracellular TNF binding and intracellular apoptosis inhibition. J. Virol. 1997, 71:2171-2191.
238. Sedger L.M., Osvath S.R., Xu X.-M., Li G., Chan F.K.-M., Barrett J.W., McFadden G. Poxvirus tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-like T2 proteins contain a conserved preligand assembly domain that inhibits cellular TNFR1-induced cell death. J. Virol. 2006, 80:9300-9309.
239. See D.M., Berger M., Lina B., Aymard M., Tilles J. The mechanism of chronic coxsackievirus B hepatitis in rabbits. Viral Immunol. 1999, 12:335-341.
240. Seet B.T., Johnston J.B., Brunetti C.R., Barrett J.W., Everett H., Cameron C., Sypula J., Nazarian S.H., Lucas A., McFadden G. Poxviruses and immune evasion. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2003, 21:377-423.
241. Shepherd R.C.H., Edmonds J.W. Myxomatosis: the transmission of a highly virulent strain of myxoma virus by the European rabbit flea Spilopsyllus cuniculi (Dale) in the mallee region of Victoria. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1977, 79:405-410.
242. Shope R.E. A filterable virus causing a tumor-like condition in rabbits and its relationship to Virus myxomatosum. J. Exp. Med. 1932, 56:803-822.
243. Shope R.E. Protection of rabbits against naturally acquired infectious myxomatosis by previous infection with fibroma virus. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1938, 38:86-89.
244. Silvers L., Barnard D., Knowlton F., Inglis B., Labudovic A., Holland M.K., Janssens P.A., van Leeuwen B.A., Kerr P.J. Host-specificity of myxoma virus: pathogenesis of South American and North American strains of myxoma virus in two North American lagomorph species. Vet. Microbiol. 2010, 141:289-300.
245. Silvers L., Inglis B., Labudovic A., Janssens P.A., van Leeuwen B.H., Kerr P.J. Virulence and pathogenesis of the MSW and MSD strains of Californian myxoma virus in European rabbits with genetic resistance to myxoma virus compared to rabbits with no genetic resistance. Virology 2006, 348:72-83.
246. Smith J.W., Tevethia S.S., Levy B.M., Rawls W.E. Comparative studies on host responses to Shope fibroma virus in adult and newborn rabbits. J. Natl. Cancer. Inst. 1973, 50:1529-1539.
247. Sobey W.R. Selection for resistance to myxomatosis in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1969, 67:743-754.
248. Sobey W.R., Conolly D., Haycock P., Edmonds J.W. Myxomatosis: the effect of age upon survival of wild and domestic rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus with a degree of genetic resistance and unselected domestic rabbits infected with myxoma virus. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1970, 68:137-149.
249. Sobey W.R., Conolly D. Myxomatosis: passive immunity in the offspring of immune rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) infested with fleas (Spilopsyllus cuniculi Dale) and exposed to myxoma virus. J. Hyg. (Camb) 1975, 74:43-55.
250. Sobey W.R., Conolly D. Myxomatosis: non-genetic aspects of resistance to myxomatosis in rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus. Aust Wildl. Res. 1986, 13:177-188.
251. Sobey W.R., Conolly D., Adams K.M. Myxomatosis: a simple method of sampling blood and testing for circulating soluble antigens or antibodies to them. Aust. J. Sci. 1966, 28:354-355.
252. Sobey W.R., Conolly D., Adams K.M. Myxomatosis: measuring antibodies to soluble antigens on filter paper strips. Aust. J. Sci. 1970, 32:331-332.
253. Sobey W.R., Menzies W. Myxomatosis: the introduction of the European rabbit flea Spilopsyllus cuniculi (Dale) into Australia. Aust. J. Sci. 1969, 31:404-405.
254. Sobey W.R., Menzies W., Conolly D., Adams K.M. Myxomatosis: the effect of raised ambient temperature on survival time. Aust. J. Sci. 1968, 30:322-323.
255. Spiesschaert B., McFadden G., Hermans K., Nauwynck H., Van de Walle G.R. The current status and future directions of myxoma virus, a master in immune evasion. Vet. Res. 2011, 42:76.
256. Stanford M.M., Barrett J.W., Nazarian S.H., Werden S., McFadden G. Oncolytic virotherapy synergism with signaling inhibitors: rapamycin increases myxoma virus tropism for human tumor cells. J. Virol. 2007, 81:1251-1260.
257. Stanford M.M., McFadden G., Karupiah G., Chaudhri G. Immunopathogenesis of poxvirus infections: forecasting the impending storm. Immunol. Cell Biol. 2007, 85:93-102.
258. Stanford M.M., Werden S.J., McFadden G. Myxoma virus in the European rabbit: interactions between the virus and its susceptible host. Vet. Res. 2007, 38:299-318.
259. Strayer D.S. Determinants of virus-related suppression of immune responses as observed during infection with an oncogenic poxvirus. Progress in Medical Virology 1992, 228-255. Karger, Basel. J.L. Melnick (Ed.).
260. Su H.-P., Singh K., Gittis A.G., Garboczi D.N. The structure of the poxvirus A33 protein reveals a dimer of unique C-type lectin-like domains. J. Virol. 2010, 84:2502-2510.
261. Su J., Wang G., Barrett J.W., Irvine T.S., Gao X., McFadden G. Myxoma virus M11L blocks apoptosis through inhibition of conformational activation of Bax at the mitochondria. J. Virol. 2006, 80:1140-1151.
262. Swan C. The route of transmission of the virus of infectious myxomatosis of rabbits to the central nervous system. Aust. J. Expt. Biol. Med. Sci. 1941, 19:113-115.
263. Takahashi M., Yamade I., Seto A. Killer cell lines against Shope carcinoma cells in rabbits. Cancer Lett. 1991, 59:243-249.
264. Teoh M.L.T., Turner P.V., Evans D.H. Tumorigenic poxviruses up-regulate intracellular superoxide to inhibit apoptosis and promote cell proliferation. J. Virol. 2005, 79:5799-5811.
265. Teoh M.L.T., Walasek P.J., Evans D.H. Leporipoxvirus Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) homologs are catalytically inert decoy proteins that bind copper chaperone for SOD. J. Biol. Chem. 2003, 278:33175-33184.
266. Thompson H.V. The rabbit in Britain. The European Rabbit. The History and Biology of a Successful Colonizer 1994, 64-107. Oxford University Press, Oxford. H.V. Thompson, C.M. King (Eds.).
267. Torres J.M., Ramirez M.A., Morales M., Barcena J., Vazquez B., Espuna E., Pages-Mante A., Sanchez-Vizcaino J.M. Safety evaluation of a recombinant myxoma-RHDV virus inducing horizontal transmissible protection against myxomatosis and rabbit haemorrhagic disease. Vaccine 2000, 19:174-182.
268. Torres J.M., Sanchez C., Ramirez M.A., Morales M., Barcena J., Ferrer J., Espuna E., Pages-Mante A., Sanchez-Vizcaino J.M. First field trial of a transmissible recombinant vaccine against myxomatosis and rabbit hemorrhagic disease. Vaccine 2001, 19:4536-4543.
269. Townsley A.C., Weisberg A.S.R.W.T., Moss B. Vaccinia virus entry into cells via a low-pH-dependent endosomal pathway. J. Virol. 2006, 80:8899-8908.
270. Tzahar E., Moyer J.D., Waterman H., Barbacci E.G., Bao J., Levkowitz G., Shelly M., Strano S., Pinkas-Kramarski R., Pierce J.H., Andrews G.C., Yarden Y. Pathogenic poxviruses reveal viral strategies to exploit the ErbB signaling network. EMBO J. 1998, 17:5948-5963.
271. Upton C., Macen J.L., Maranchuk R.A., Delange A.M., McFadden G. Tumorigenic poxviruses fine analysis of the recombination junctions in malignant rabbit fibroma virus a recombinant between shope fibroma virus and myxoma virus. Virology 1988, 166:229-239.
272. Upton C., Macen J.L., Schreiber M., McFadden G. Myxoma virus expresses a secreted protein with homology to the tumour necrosis factor receptor gene family that contributes to viral virulence. Virology 1991, 184:370-382.
273. Upton C., Macen J.L., Wishart D.S., McFadden G. Myxoma virus and malignant rabbit fibroma virus encode a serpin-like protein important for viral virulence. Virology 1990, 179:618-631.
274. Upton C., Mossman K., McFadden G. Encoding of a homolog of the IFN-γ receptor by myxoma virus. Science 1992, 258:1369-1372.
275. Vannberg F.O., Chapman S.J., Hill A.V.S. Human genetic susceptibility to intracellular pathogens. Immunol. Rev. 2011, 240:105-116.
276. Vaughan H.E.N., Vaughan J.A. Some aspects of the epizootiology of myxomatosis. Symposium of the Zoological Society (London) 1968, 24:289-308.
277. Vautherot J.F., Milon A., Petit F., Coudert P. Vaccines for lagomorphs. Veterinary Vaccinology 1997, 406-410. Elsevier, Amsterdam. P.-P. Pastoret, J. Blancou, P. Vannier, C. Verschueren (Eds.).
278. Verreault D., Sivasubramani S.K., Talton J.D., Doyle L.A., Reddy J.D., Killeen S.Z., Didier P.J., Marx P.A., Roy C.J. Evaluation of inhaled cidofovir as postexposure prophylactic in an aerosol rabbitpox model. Antiviral Res. 2012, 93:204-208.
279. Versteeg G.A., García-Sastre A. Viral tricks to grid-lock the type I interferon system. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2010, 13:508-516.
280. Villa N.Y., Bartee E., Mohamed M.R., Rahman M.M., Barrett J.W., McFadden G. Myxoma and vaccinia viruses exploit different mechanisms to enter and infect human cancer cells. Virology 2010, 401:266-279.
281. Vivier E., Raulet D.H., Moretta A., Caligiuri M.A., Zitvogel L., Lanier L.L., Yokoyama W.M., Ugolini S. Innate or adaptive immunity? The example of natural killer cells. Science 2011, 331:44-49.
282. Wang F., Barrett J.W., Ma Y., Dekaban G.A., McFadden G. Induction of alpha/beta interferon by myxoma virus is selectively abrogated when primary mouse embryo fibroblasts become immortalized. J. Virol. 2009, 83:5928-5932.
283. Wang F., Barrett J.W., Shao Q., Gao X., Dekaban G.A., McFadden G. Myxoma virus selectively disrupts type I interferon signaling in primary human fibroblasts by blocking the activation of the Janus kinase Tyk2. Virology 2009, 387:136-146.
284. Wang F., Gao X., Barrett J.W., Shao Q., Bartee E., Mohamed M.R., Rahman M., Werden S., Irvine T., Cao J., Dekaban G.A., McFadden G. RIG-I mediates the co-induction of tumor necrosis factor and type I interferon elicited by myxoma virus in primary human macrophages. PLoS Pathog. 2008, 4:e1000099.
285. Wang F., Ma Y., Barrett J.W., Gao X., Loh J., Barton E., Virgin H.W., McFadden G. Disruption of Erk-dependent type 1 interferon induction breaks the myxoma virus species barrier. Nat. Immunol. 2004, 5:1266-1274.
286. Wang G., Barrett J.W., Nazarian S.H., Everett H., Gao X., Bleackley C., Colwill K., Moran M.F., McFadden G. Myxoma virus M11L prevents apoptosis through constitutive interaction with Bak. J. Virol. 2004, 78:7097-7111.
287. Wang G., Barrett J.W., Stanford M.M., Werden S.J., Johnston J.B., Gao X., Sun M., Cheng J.Q., McFadden G. Infection of human cancer cells with myxoma virus requires Akt activation via interaction with a viral ankyrin-repeat host range factor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2006, 103:4640-4645.
288. Werden S.J., Barrett J.W., Wang G., Stanford M.M., McFadden G. M-T5, the ankyrin repeat, host range protein of myxoma virus, activates Akt and can be functionally replaced by cellular PIKE-A. J. Virol. 2007, 81:2340-2348.
289. Werden S.J., McFadden G. The role of cell signaling in poxvirus tropism: The case of the M-T5 host range protein of myxoma virus. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2008, 1784:228-237.
290. West A.P., Shade G.S., Ghosh S. Mitochondria in innate immune responses. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2011, 11:389-402.
291. Wilkins K., Gale G. Recognition of viruses by cytoplasmic sensors. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 2010, 22:41-47.
292. Willer D.O., McFadden G., Evans D.H. The complete genome sequence of Shope (rabbit) fibroma virus. Virology 1999, 264:319-343.
293. Williams C.K., Moore R.J. Inheritance of acquired immunity to myxomatosis. Aust. J. Zool. 1991, 39:307-312.
294. Williams K., Parer I., Coman B., Burley J., Braysher M. Managing Vertebrate Pests: Rabbits. Bureau of Resource Sciences 1995, Australian Government Publishing Services, Canberra.
295. Williams R.T., Dunsmore J.D., Parer I. Evidence for the existence of a latent myxoma virus in rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus (L.). Nature 1972, 238:99-101.
296. Williams R.T., Dunsmore J.D., Sobey W.R. Fluctuations in the titre of antibody to a soluble antigen of myxoma virus in field populations of rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus (L.), in Australia. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 1973, 71:487-500.
297. Williams R.T., Parer I. The status of myxomatosis at Urana, New South Wales, from 1968 until 1971. Aust. J. Zool. 1972, 20:391-404.
298. Woodroofe G.M., Fenner F. Viruses of the myxoma-fibroma subgroup of the poxviruses. I. Plaque production in cultured cells, plaque- reduction tests and cross-protection tests in rabbits. Aust. J. Exptl. Biol. Med. Sci. 1965, 43:123-142.
299. Zachertowska A., Brewer D., Evans D.H. Characterization of the major capsid proteins of myxoma virus particles using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. J. Virol. Meth. 2006, 132:1-12.
300. Zhang L., Villa N.Y., McFadden G. Interplay between poxviruses and the cellular ubiquitin/ubiquitin-like pathways. FEBS Lett. 2009, 583:607-614.
301. Zuniga M.C., Wang H., Barry M., McFadden G. Endosomal/lysosomal retention and degradation of major hostocompatability complex class I molecules is induced by myxoma virus. Virology 1999, 261:180-192.