Saffold virus, a novel human cardiovirus with unknown pathogenicity

Journal of Virology

Volumn 86, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 1292-1296

  Himeda, Toshiki ^a   Ohara, Yoshiro ^a  

^a KANAZAWA UNIV SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIHYDROLIPOAMIDE DEHYDROGENASE;

AMINO TERMINAL SEQUENCE; CARBOXY TERMINAL SEQUENCE; CARDIOVIRUS; ENCEPHALOMYOCARDITIS VIRUS; FECES ANALYSIS; GENE STRUCTURE; GENE TRANSLOCATION; GENETIC SIMILARITY; GENOTYPE; HUMAN; MURINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; NEW SPECIES; NONHUMAN; NOSE SMEAR; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; SAFFOLD VIRUS; SHORT SURVEY; THEILER LIKE RAT VIRUS; VILYUISK HUMAN ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; VIRAL GENETICS; VIRUS GENOME; VIRUS IDENTIFICATION; VIRUS ISOLATION; VIRUS VIRULENCE;

ANIMALS; CARDIOVIRUS; CARDIOVIRUS INFECTIONS; GENOME, VIRAL; HUMANS; MICE; VIRAL PROTEINS;

ANIMALIA; CARDIOVIRUS; MUS; PICORNAVIRIDAE; RATTUS; RODENTIA; THEILER'S ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; THEILOVIRUS;

EID: 84857098134     PISSN: 0022538X     EISSN: 10985514     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.06087-11     Document Type: Short Survey

References (66)

1. Abed Y, Boivin G. 2008. New Saffold cardioviruses in 3 children, Canada. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 14:834-836.
2. Blinkova O, et al. 2009. Cardioviruses are genetically diverse and cause common enteric infections in South Asian children. J. Virol. 83: 4631-4641.
3. Blinkova O, et al. 2009. Frequent detection of highly diverse variants ofCardiovirus, Cosavirus, Bocavirus, and Circovirus in sewage samples collected in the United States. J. Clin. Microbiol. 47:3507-3513.
4. Brahic M, Bureau JF, Michiels T. 2005. The genetics of the persistent infection and demyelinating disease caused by Theiler's virus. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 59:279 -298.
5. Calenoff MA, Faaberg KS, Lipton HL. 1990. Genomic regions of neurovirulence and attenuation in Theiler murine encephalomyelitis virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 87:978-982.
6. Casals J. 1963. Immunological characterization of Vilyuisk human encephalomyelitis virus. Nature 200:339 -341.
7. Chanock RM, McIntosh K. 1985. Parainfluenza viruses, p 1241-1253. In Fields BN, et al (ed), Fields virology, 1st ed. Raven Press, New York, NY.
8. Chiu CY, et al. 2008. Identification of cardioviruses related to Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus in human infections. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 105:14124 -14129.
9. Chiu CY, et al. 2010. Cultivation and serological characterization of a human Theiler's-like cardiovirus associated with diarrheal disease. J. Virol. 84:4407- 4414.
10. Czechowicz J, et al. 2011. Prevalence and risk factors for encephalomyocarditis virus infection in Peru. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. 11:367-374.
11. Devaney MA, Vakharia VN, Lloyd RE, Ehrenfeld E, Grubman MJ. 1988. Leader protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus is required for cleavage of the p220 component of the cap-binding protein complex. J. Virol. 62: 4407-4409.
12. Doi K. 2011. Experimental encephalomyocarditis virus infection in small laboratory rodents. J. Comp. Path. 144:25- 40.
13. Drexler JF, et al. 2008. Circulation of 3 lineages of a novel Saffold cardiovirus in humans. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 14:1398 -1405.
14. Drexler JF, et al. 2010. Genomic features and evolutionary constraints in Saffold-like cardioviruses. J. Gen. Virol. 91:1418 -1427.
15. Dvorak CM, et al. 2001. Leader protein of encephalomyocarditis virus binds zinc, is phosphorylated during viral infection, and affects the efficiency of genome translation. Virology 290:261-271.
16. Fan J, Son KN, Arslan SY, Liang Z, Lipton HL. 2009. Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus leader protein is the only nonstructural protein tested that induces apoptosis when transfected into mammalian cells. J. Virol. 83:6546-6553.
17. Frisk G, et al. 1985. High frequency of Coxsackie-B-virus-specific IgM in children developing type I diabetes during a period of high diabetes morbidity. J. Med. Virol. 17:219 -227.
18. Fu JL, et al. 1990. Neurovirulence determinants of genetically engineered Theiler viruses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 87:4125- 4129.
19. Fuller C, et al. 2008. Enhanced laboratory testing of enteric disease outbreaks of unknown etiology in Minnesota.
20. Gamble DR, Kinsley ML, FitzGerald MG, Bolton R, Taylor KW. 1969. Viral antibodies in diabetes mellitus. Br. Med. J. 3:627- 630.
21. Ghadge GD, Wollmann R, Baida G, Traka M, Roos RP. 2011. The L-coding region of the DA strain of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus causes dysfunction and death of myelin-synthesizing cells. J. Virol. 85:9377-9384.
22. Goldfarb LG, Gajdusek DC. 1992. Viliuisk encephalomyelitis in the Iakut people of Siberia. Brain 115:961-978.
23. Gorbalenya AE, Koonin EV, Lai MM. 1991. Putative papain-related thiol proteases of positive-strand RNA viruses. Identification of rubi- and aphthovirus proteases and delineation of a novel conserved domain associated with proteases of rubi-, alpha- and coronaviruses. FEBS Lett. 288:201-205.
24. Hato SV, et al. 2007. The mengovirus leader protein blocks interferonalpha/ beta gene transcription and inhibits activation of interferon regulatory factor 3. Cell. Microbiol. 9:2921-2930.
25. Hertzler S, Liang Z, Treso B, Lipton HL. 2011. Adaptation of Saffold virus 2 for high-titer growth in mammalian cells. J. Virol. 85:7411-7418.
26. Himeda T, et al. 2005. A lentiviral expression system demonstrates that L* protein of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) is essential for virus growth in a murine macrophage-like cell line. Virus Res. 108:23-28.
27. Himeda T, Ohara Y, Asakura K, Kontani Y, Sawada M. 2005. A lentiviral expression system demonstrates that L* protein of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) has an anti-apoptotic effect in a macrophage cell line. Microb. Pathog. 38:201-207.
28. Himeda T, et al. 2011. The preparation of an infectious full-length cDNA clone of Saffold virus. Virol. J. 8:110.
29. Himeda T, Ohara Y. 2011. Roles of two non-structural viral proteins in virus-induced demyelination. Clin. Exp. Neuroimmunol. 2:49 -58.
30. Itagaki T, et al. 2011. Saffold cardiovirus infection in children associated with respiratory disease and its similarity to coxsackievirus infection. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 30:680-683.
31. Jones MS, Lukashov VV, Ganac RD, Schnurr DP. 2007. Discovery of a novel human picornavirus in a stool sample from a pediatric patient presenting with fever of unknown origin. J. Clin. Microbiol. 45:2144 -2150.
32. King ML, Bidwell D, Shaikh A, Voller A, Banatvala JE. 1983. Coxsackie-B-virus-specific IgM responses in children with insulin-dependent (juvenile-onset; type I) diabetes mellitus. Lancet i:1397-1399.
33. Kong WP, Roos RP. 1991. Alternative translation initiation site in the DA strain of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. J. Virol. 65:3395-3399.
34. Liang Z, Kumar AS, Jones MS, Knowles NJ, Lipton HL. 2008. Phylogenetic analysis of the species Theilovirus: emerging murine and human pathogens. J. Virol. 82:11545-11554.
35. Lipton HL. 2008. Human Vilyuisk encephalitis. Rev. Med. Virol. 18: 347-352.
36. Martinez-Salas E, Ryan MD. 2010. Translation and protein processing, p 141-161. In Ehrenfeld E, Domingo E, and Roos RP (ed), The picornaviruses. ASM Press, Washington, DC.
37. McAllister A, Tangy F, Aubert C, Brahic M. 1989. Molecular cloning of the complete genome of Theiler's virus, strain DA, and production of infectious transcripts. Microb. Pathog. 7:381-388.
38. Michiels T, Roos RP. 2010. Theiler's virus central nervous system infection, p 411-428. In Ehrenfeld E, Domingo E, and Roos RP (ed), The picornaviruses. ASM Press, Washington DC.
39. Michiels T, Jarousse N, Brahic M. 1995. Analysis of the leader and capsid coding regions of persistent and neurovirulent strains of Theiler's virus. Virology 214:550-558.
40. Oberste MS, et al. 2009. Human febrile illness caused by encephalomyocarditis virus infection, Peru. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 15:640-646.
41. Ohsawa K, Watanabe Y, Miyata H, Sato H. 2003. Genetic analysis of a Theiler-like virus isolated from rats. Comp. Med. 53:191-196.
42. Okuwa T, Taniura N, Saito M, Himeda T, Ohara Y. 2010. Opposite effects of two nonstructural proteins of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus regulates apoptotic cell death in BHK-21 cells. Microbiol. Immunol. 54:639-643.
43. Palmenberg A, Neubauer D, Skern T. 2010. Genome organization and encoded proteins, p 3-17. In Ehrenfeld E, Domingo E, Roos RP (ed), The picornaviruses. ASM Press, Washington, DC.
44. Paul AV. 2002. Possible unifying mechanism of picornavirus genome replication, p 227-246. In Semler BL, Wimmer E (ed), Molecular biology of picornaviruses. ASM Press, Washington, DC.
45. Piccone ME, Zellner M, Kumosinski TF, Mason PW, Grubman MJ. 1995. Identification of the active-site residues of the L proteinase of footand-mouth disease virus. J. Virol. 69:4950-4956.
46. Pilipenko EV, et al. 1989. Conserved structural domains in the 5=-untranslated region of picornaviral genomes: an analysis of the segment controlling translation and neurovirulence. Virology 168:201-209.
47. Pilipenko EV, Viktorova EG, Guest ST, Agol VI, Roos RP. 2001. Cell-specific proteins regulate viral RNA translation and virus-induced disease. EMBO J. 20:6899-6908.
48. Porter FW, Bochkov YA, Albee AJ, Wiese C, Palmenberg AC. 2006. A picornavirus protein interacts with Ran-GTPase and disrupts nucleocytoplasmic transport. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103:12417-12422.
49. Pritchard AE, Strom T, Lipton HL. 1992. Nucleotide sequence identifies Vilyuisk virus as a divergent Theiler's virus. Virology 191:469-472.
50. Ren L, et al. 2009. Saffold cardiovirus in children with acute gastroenteritis, Beijing, China. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 15:1509 -1511.
51. Ren L, et al. 2010. Saffold cardioviruses of 3 lineages in children with respiratory tract infections, Beijing, China. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 16:1158-1161.
52. Romanova LI, et al. 2009. Antiapoptotic activity of the cardiovirus leader protein, a viral "security" protein. J. Virol. 83:7273-7284.
53. Roos RP, Stein S, Ohara Y, Fu JL, Semler BL. 1989. Infectious cDNA clones of the DA strain of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. J. Virol. 63:5492-5496.
54. Roos RP. 2010. Pathogenesis of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virusinduced disease. Clin. Exp. Neuroimmunol. 1:70-78.
55. Rueckert RR. 1995. Picornaviridae: the viruses and their replication, p 609-654. In Fields BN, Knipe DM, Howley PM (ed), Fields virology, 3rd ed. Lippincott-Raven Publishers, Philadelphia, PA.
56. Sorgeloos F, van Kuppeveld F, Michiels T. 2010. Saffold virus infection of the mouse. Abstr. Europic 2010, abstr F-17, p 104.
57. Stavrou S, Ghadge G, Roos RP. 2011. Apoptotic and antiapoptoticactivity of L protein of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. J. Virol. 85:7177-7185.
58. Strebel K, Beck E. 1986. A second protease of foot-and-mouth disease virus. J. Virol. 58:893-899.
59. Tangy F, McAllister A, Brahic M. 1989. Molecular cloning of the complete genome of strain GDVII of Theiler's virus and production of infectious transcripts. J. Virol. 63:1101-1106.
60. Tsukagoshi H, et al. 2011. The impact of Saffold cardiovirus in patients with acute respiratory infections in Yamagata, Japan. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 43:669-671.
61. van Eyll O, Michiels T. 2002. Non-AUG-initiated internal translation of the L* protein of Theiler's virus and importance of this protein for viral persistence. J. Virol. 76:10665-10673.
62. Yamayoshi S, et al. 2009. Scavenger receptor B2 is a cellular receptor for enterovirus 71. Nat. Med. 15:798-801.
63. Yin H, Berg AK, Tuvemo T, Frisk G. 2002. Enterovirus RNA is found in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a majority of type 1 diabetic children at onset. Diabetes 51:1964-1971.
64. Yoon JW, Austin M, Onodera T, Notkins AL. 1979. Isolation of a virus from the pancreas of a child with diabetic ketoacidosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 300:1173-1179.
65. Zimmerman JJ. 1994. Encephalomyocarditis, p 423-436. In Beran GW, Steele JH (ed), CRC handbook series of zoonoses, section B, 2nd ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
66. Zoll J, et al. 2009. Saffold virus, a human Theiler's-like cardiovirus, is ubiquitous and causes infection early in life. PLoS Pathog. 5:e1000416.