Update in lipid alterations in subclinical hypothyroidism

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

Volumn 97, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 326-333

  Pearce, Elizabeth N ^a  

^a BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

APOLIPOPROTEIN B; CHOLESTEROL; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LEVOTHYROXINE; LIPOPROTEIN A; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PLACEBO; SIMVASTATIN; THYROID HORMONE DERIVATIVE; THYROTROPIN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; DYSLIPIDEMIA; HUMAN; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPOTHYROIDISM; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; LIPID ABSORPTION; LIPID METABOLISM; LIPOGENESIS; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; PARTICLE SIZE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SCREENING; SMOKING; THYROID DISEASE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL;

ASYMPTOMATIC DISEASES; HUMANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; LIPID METABOLISM; LIPID METABOLISM DISORDERS; LIPIDS; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; THYROID FUNCTION TESTS; THYROID GLAND;

EID: 84856800207     PISSN: 0021972X     EISSN: 19457197     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1210/jc.2011-2532     Document Type: Review

References (58)

1. Biondi B, Cooper DS 2008 The clinical significance of subclinical thyroid dysfunction. Endocr Rev 29:76-131 (Pubitemid 351252748)
2. Choi JW, Choi HS 2000 The regulatory effects of thyroid hormone on the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase. Endocr Res 26:1-21 (Pubitemid 30123797)
3. Shin DJ, Osborne TF 2003 Thyroid regulation and cholesterol metabolism are connected through sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2). J Biol Chem 278:34114-34118 (Pubitemid 37553251)
4. Gälman C, Bonde Y, Matasconi M, Angelin B, Rudling M 2008 Dramatically increased intestinal absorption of cholesterol following hypophysectomy is normalized by thyroid hormone. Gastroenterology 134:1127-1136 (Pubitemid 351459602)
5. Tan KC, Shiu SW, Kung AW 1998 Plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity in hyper- and hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:140-143 (Pubitemid 28498325)
6. Boone LR, Lagor WR, Moya MdeL, Niesen MI, Rothblat GH, Ness GC 2011 Thyroid hormone enhances the ability of serum to accept cellular cholesterol via theABCA1transporter. Atherosclerosis 218: 77-82
7. Lam KS, Chan MK, Yeung RT 1986 High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase activities in thyroid dysfunction-effects of treatment. Q J Med 59:513-521 (Pubitemid 16053372)
8. Kuusi T, Taskinen MR, Nikkilä EA 1988 Lipoproteins, lipolytic enzymes and hormonal status in hypothyroid women at different levels of substitution. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 66:51-56 (Pubitemid 18027728)
9. O'Brien T, Dinneen SF, O'Brien PC, Palumbo PJ 1993 Hyperlipidemia in patients with primary and secondary hypothyroidism.Mayo Clin Proc 68:860-866 (Pubitemid 23266121)
10. Vierhapper H, Nardi A, Grösser P, Raber W, Gessl A 2000 Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in subclinical hypothyroidism. Thyroid 10:981-984 (Pubitemid 32104085)
11. Hueston WJ, Pearson WS 2004 Subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of hypercholesterolemia. Ann Fam Med 2:351-355 (Pubitemid 39107893)
12. Kanaya AM, Harris F, Volpato S, Pérez-Stable EJ, Harris T, Bauer DC 2002 Association between thyroid dysfunction and total cholesterol level in an older biracial population. The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Arch Intern Med 162:773-779 (Pubitemid 34273299)
13. Canaris GJ, Manowitz NR, Mayor G, Ridgway EC 2000 The Colorado Thyroid Disease Prevalence Study. Arch Intern Med 160: 526-534 (Pubitemid 30112276)
14. Walsh JP, Bremner AP, Bulsara MK, O'Leary P, Leedman PJ, Feddema P, Michelangeli V 2005 Thyroid dysfunction and serum lipids: a community-based study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 63:670-675 (Pubitemid 41779641)
15. Bell RJ, Rivera-Woll L, Davison SL, Topliss DJ, Donath S, Davis SR 2007 Well-being, health-related quality of life and cardiovascular disease risk profile in women with subclinical thyroid disease-a community-based study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 66:548-556 (Pubitemid 46434938)
16. Lai Y, Wang J, Jiang F, Wang B, Chen Y, Li M, Liu H, Li C, Xue H, Li N, Yu J, Shi L, Bai X, Hou X, Zhu L, Lu L, Wang S, Xing Q, Teng X, Teng W, Shan Z 2011 The relationship between serum thyrotropin and components of metabolic syndrome. Endocr J 58:23-30
17. Garduño-Garcia Jde J, Alvirde-Garcia U, López-Carrasco G, Padilla Mendoza ME, Mehta R, Arellano-Campos O, Choza R, Sauque L, Garay-Sevilla ME, Malacara JM, Gomez-Perez FJ, Aguilar-Salinas CA2010TSHand free thyroxine concentrations are associated with differing metabolic markers in euthyroid subjects. Eur J Endocrinol 163:273-278
18. Asvold BO, Vatten LJ, Nilsen TI, Bjøro T 2007 The association between TSH within the reference range and serum lipid concentrations in a population-based study. The HUNT Study. Eur J Endocrinol 156:181-186 (Pubitemid 46554512)
19. Lu L, Wang B, Shan Z, Jiang F, Teng X, Chen Y, Lai Y, Wang J, Xue H, Wang S, Li C, Liu H, Li N, Yu J, Shi L, Hou X, Xing Q, Bai X, Teng W 2011 The correlation between thyrotropin and dyslipidemia in a population-based study. J Korean Med Sci 26:243-249
20. Monzani F, Caraccio N, Kozàkowà M, Dardano A, Vittone F, Virdis A, Taddei S, Palombo C, Ferrannini E 2004 Effect of levothyroxine replacement on lipid profile and intima-media thickness in subclinical hypothyroidism: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:2099-2106 (Pubitemid 38619837)
21. Pérez A, Cubero JM, Sucunza N, Ortega E, Arcelús R, Rodriguez- Espinosa J, Ordoñez-Llanos J, Blanco-Vaca F 2004 Emerging cardiovascular risk factors in subclinical hypothyroidism: lack of change after restoration of euthyroidism. Metabolism 53:1512-1515
22. Ito M, Arishima T, Kudo T, Nishihara E, Ohye H, Kubota S, Fukata S, Amino N, Kuma K, Sasaki I, Hiraiwa T, Hanafusa T, Takamatsu J, Miyauchi A 2007 Effect of levo-thyroxine replacement on non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in hypothyroid patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:608-611
23. Tzotzas T, Krassas GE, Konstantinidis T, Bougoulia M 2000 Changes in lipoprotein(a) levels in overt and subclinical hypothyroidism before and during treatment. Thyroid 10:803-808
24. Caraccio N, Ferrannini E, Monzani F 2002 Lipoprotein profile in subclinical hypothyroidism: response to levothyroxine replacement, a randomized placebo-controlled study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:1533-1538 (Pubitemid 34615234)
25. Meier C, Staub JJ, Roth CB, Guglielmetti M, Kunz M, Miserez AR, Drewe J, Huber P, Herzog R, Müller B 2001 TSH-controlled L-thyroxine therapy reduced cholesterol levels and clinical symptoms in subclinical hypothyroidism: a double blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:4860-4866 (Pubitemid 33020533)
26. Ito M, Takamatsu J, Sasaki I, Hiraiwa T, Fukao A, Murakami Y, Isotani H, Miyauchi A, Kuma K, Hanafusa T 2004 Disturbed metabolism of remnant lipoproteins in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Am J Med 117:696-699 (Pubitemid 40288177)
27. O'Brien T, Katz K, Hodge D, Nguyen TT, Kottke BA, Hay ID 1997 The effect of the treatment of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism on plasma lipids and apolipoproteins AI, AII, and E. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 46:17-20 (Pubitemid 27072841)
28. Weintraub M, Grosskopf I, Trostanesky Y, Charach G, Rubinstein A, Stern N 1999 Thyroxine replacement therapy enhances clearance of chylomicron remnants in patients with hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84:2532-2536
29. Brenta G, Berg G, Zago V, Muzzio ML, Schnitman M, Sinay I, Arias P, Schreier L 2008 Proatherogenic mechanisms in subclinical hypothyroidism: hepatic lipase activity in relation to the VLDL remnant IDL. Thyroid 18:1233-1236
30. Tanaci N, Ertugrul DT, Sahin M, Yucel M, Olcay I, Demirag NG, Gursoy A 2006 Postprandial lipemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in patients with hypothyroidism. Endocrine 29:451-456 (Pubitemid 44358835)
31. Ito M, Takamatsu J, Matsuo T, Kameoka K, Kubota S, Fukata S, Tamai H, Miyauchi A, Kuma K, Hanafusa T 2003 Serum concentrations of remnant-like particles in hypothyroid patients before and after thyroxine replacement. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 58:621-626 (Pubitemid 36566805)
32. Sundaram V, Hanna AN, Koneru L, Newman HA, Falko JM 1997 Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism enhance low density lipoprotein oxidation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 82:3421-3424 (Pubitemid 27419098)
33. Diekman T, Demacker PN, Kastelein JJ, Stalenhoef AF, Wiersinga WM1998 Increased oxidizability of low-density lipoproteins in hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:1752-1755 (Pubitemid 28501053)
34. Gjedde S, Gormsen LC, Rungby J, Nielsen S, Jørgensen JO, Pedersen SB, Riis AL, Weeke J, Møller N 2010 Decreased lipid intermediate levels and lipid oxidation rates despite normal lipolysis in patients with hypothyroidism. Thyroid 20:843-849
35. Duntas LH, Mantzou E, Koutras DA 2002 Circulating levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein in overt and mild hypothyroidism. Thyroid 12:1003-1007 (Pubitemid 35404135)
36. Pearce EN, Wilson PW, Yang Q, Vasan RS, Braverman LE 2008 Thyroid function and lipid subparticle sizes in patients with shortterm hypothyroidism and a population-based cohort. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93:888-894 (Pubitemid 351398568)
37. Ozcan O, Cakir E, Yaman H, Akgul EO, Erturk K, Beyhan Z, Bilgi C, Erbil MK 2005 The effects of thyroxine replacement on the levels of serum asymmetric dimethylarginine(ADMA)and other biochemical cardiovascular risk markers in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 63:203-206 (Pubitemid 41097990)
38. Kim CS, Kang JG, Lee SJ, Ihm SH, Yoo HJ, Nam JS, Ahn CW, Kim KR2009 Relationship of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size to thyroid function status in Koreans. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 71: 130-136
39. Bakker SJ, ter Maaten JC, Popp-Snijders C, Slaets JP, Heine RJ, Gans RO 2001 The relationship between thyrotropin and low density lipoprotein cholesterol is modified by insulin sensitivity in healthy euthyroid subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:1206-1211 (Pubitemid 32323006)
40. Chubb SA, Davis WA, Davis TM 2005 Interactions among thyroid function, insulin sensitivity, and serum lipid concentrations: the Fremantle diabetes study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:5317-5320 (Pubitemid 41262293)
41. Müller B, Zulewski H, Huber P, Ratcliffe JG, Staub JJ 1995 Impaired action of thyroid hormone associated with smoking in women with hypothyroidism. N Engl J Med 333:964-969
42. Kong WM, Sheikh MH, Lumb PJ, Naoumova RP, Freedman DB, Crook M, Doré CJ, Finer N, Naoumova P 2002 A 6-month randomized trial of thyroxine treatment inwomenwith mild subclinical hypothyroidism. Am J Med 112:348-354 (Pubitemid 34246264)
43. Iqbal A, Jorde R, Figenschau Y 2006 Serum lipid levels in relation to serum thyroid-stimulating hormone and the effect of thyroxine treatment on serum lipid levels in subjects with subclinical hypothyroidism: the Tromsø Study. J Intern Med 260:53-61 (Pubitemid 43894070)
44. AdreesM,Gibney J, El-Saeity N, Boran G 2009 Effects of 18 months of L-T4 replacement in women with subclinical hypothyroidism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 71:298-303
45. Razvi S, Ingoe L, Keeka G, Oates C, McMillan C, Weaver JU 2007 The beneficial effect of L-thyroxine on cardiovascular risk factors, endothelial function, and quality of life in subclinical hypothyroidism: randomized, crossover trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:1715-1723 (Pubitemid 46997177)
46. Duman D, Sahin S, Esertas K, Demirtunc R 2007 Simvastatin improves endothelial function in patents with subclinical hypothyroidism. Heart Vessels 22:88-93 (Pubitemid 46510547)
47. Villar HC, Saconato H, Valente O, Atallah AN 2007 Thyroid hormone replacement for subclinical hypothyroidism. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3:CD003419
48. Ochs N, Auer R, Bauer DC, Nanchen D, Gussekloo J, Cornuz J, Rodondi N 2008 Meta-analysis: subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk for coronary heart disease and mortality. Ann Intern Med 148:832-845 (Pubitemid 351786932)
49. Razvi S, Shakoor A, Vanderpump M, Weaver JU, Pearce SH 2008 The influence of age on the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism and ischemic heart disease: a metaanalysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93:2998-3007
50. Ineck BA, Ng TM 2003 Effects of subclinical hypothyroidism and its treatment on serum lipids. Ann Pharmacother 37:725-730 (Pubitemid 36523070)
51. Tanis BC, Westendorp GJ, Smelt HM 1996 Effect of thyroid substitution on hypercholesterolemia in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism: a reanalysis of intervention studies. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 44:643-649 (Pubitemid 26225179)
52. Ladenson PW, Singer PA, Ain KB, Bagchi N, Bigos ST, Levy EG, Smith SA, Daniels GH, Cohen HD 2000 American Thyroid Association guidelines for detection of thyroid dysfunction. Arch Intern Med 160:1573-1575 (Pubitemid 30367894)
53. 2002 Third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Final report. Circulation 106:3143-3421
54. Surks MI, Ortiz E, Daniels GH, Sawin CT, Col NF, Cobin RH, Franklyn JA, Hershman JM, Burman KD, Denke MA, Gorman C, Cooper RS, Weissman NJ 2004 Subclinical thyroid disease: scientific review and guidelines for diagnosis and management. JAMA 291:228-238 (Pubitemid 38082818)
55. Gharib H, Tuttle RM, Baskin HJ, Fish LH, Singer PA, McDermott MT 2005 Subclinical thyroid dysfunction: a joint statement on management from the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, the American Thyroid Association, and the Endocrine Society. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:581-585; discussion 586-587
56. The Coronary Drug Project Research Group 1972 The coronary drug project: findings leading to further modifications of its protocol with respect to dextrothyroxine. JAMA 220:996-1008
57. Baxter JD, Webb P 2009 Thyroid hormone mimetics: potential applications in atherosclerosis, obesity and type 2 diabetes. Nat Rev Drug Discov 8:308-320
58. Pearce EN 2004 Hypothyroidism and dyslipidemia: modern concepts and approaches. Curr Cardiol Rep 6:451-456 (Pubitemid 39585763)